R11111 II4I 11llm111 3 1735 060 489 535 1799 1949 COPYRIGHT JUNE, 1949 WESTMORELAND COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY 1799 " 1949 The United Presbyterian Church FRANKLIN W. HARPER, TH.M., Minister Rev. W. J. McMichael, D.D. The Associate Reformed Presbyterian Presbytery of Blairsville met in Latrobe, Pa., May 29, 1855. Mr. H. M. Jamison asked Presbytery to provide Supply Preaching for Greensburg. Rev. J. G. Fulton preached the first sermon on June 3, 1855. The congregation was duly organized on September 19, 1857 as the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church of Greensburg with 26 members. The name was changed to the United Presbyterian Church after the union of the Associate Synod and the Associate Reformed Church on May 26, 1858. On July 6, 1861, the congregation was organized with new elders being elected. A large and very desirable lot on the corner of Penn- sylvania Ave. and Third St. was purchased by a few of the members. Owing to the hard times caused by the Civil War, part of the lot was sold to raise money for the balance. On September 19, 1872, Rev. W. McMasters and elders Samuel t;ill and. Thomas Shaw met in the Reformed Presbyterian Church and reorganized the United Presbyterian Church with 34 members. Building plans were again discussed but dropped due to the financial troubles of 1873. During the first 23 years, the church was blessed with a pastor's care for only three years. On January 1, 1880, a building committee was appointed to erect a church edifice. The building erected was brick, sixty-six by thirty- nine feet, Gothic finish, and cost about $5,000. It was dedicated on June 20, 1881. It had 52 members and 60 in the Sunday School with 9 teachers. Soon the church building became inadequate. The corner stone of the present building was laid in 1907. Ministers of the Church ( Stated Supply):- Jonathan G. Fulton (Occasionally)* 1855-1870; John A. Nelson* 1871; F. A. Hutchinson* 1872-; J. Buff Jackson 1873-1875; Josiah Stevenson 1878-1884; James A. Brandon* 1885-1887; Hugh S. Boyd 1887-1893; John A. Douthett, D.D. 1894-1907; W. J. McMichael, D.D., 1907-1946; Franklin W. Harper, Th.M. 1946-1949. -84- 1799 1949 The First Baptist Church REV. ROGER H. WILLIAMS, Pastor The First Baptist Church was organized April 5, 1873, the majority of its charter members coming by letter from the Big Sewickley Baptist Church, six miles south of Greensburg. The church was the direct out- growth of a Bible School, organized in 1863. The formal organization of the congregation took place in Park's Hall, Hamilton and West Otterman Streets, Ludwick Borough-now the 6th Ward, of the City of Greens- burg. The first edifice was a wooden chapel, which was occupied from 1874 to 1892. The present brick edifice, Third Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, was erected and dedicated in 1896. It was remodeled in 1929. Since 1873 the congregation has grown from a constituent membership of 25 to its present membership of 565. The following pastors have served the church: The Rev. R. C. Morgan, 1873-1874; the Rev. O. P. Hargrave, whose pastorate was 18 years in length; Dr. A. J. Meek, whose pastorate began September 3rd, 1892, under him for a time the congregation worshipped in the Y.M.C.A. Hall in the Kuhns Building, now the S. W. Rose Building, and continued the services there during the erection of the present auditorium; William J. Coulston, July 1st, 1900-1904; Dr. William Ward West, 1904-1911; David A. Solly, 1911-1915; Dr. Henry J. Whalen, 1916-1927. During his pastorate the church liquidated a floating debt of $3800.00, secured a $7,000.00 parsonage, and paid for it. He was zealous in the training of young people and particularly the young men of the church who would become future leaders. The Rev. Roger H. Williams, D.D., is the eighth pastor. He began his pastorate in 1927. The record shows that 387 have been received into membership by baptism, 110 by letter and 72 upon experience, a total of 569. During his pastorate the church building was renovated and a Sunday School unit added at a cost of $55,000. In October, 1946, the mortgage was burned. The following have gone into the ministry or missionary work during the 75 years of history: the Rev. Frank W. Crawford, Rev. Willis A. Wissinger, Rev. J. Riley Bailey, M.D. and Mrs. Bailey-missionaries in Assam; Rev. H. S. Bickel, Rev. George W. Bailey, Rev. James G. McIndoe, who was also a member of this church though not ordained here, Lena Tillman Case who married Rev. Brayton C. Case and went with him to India as a missionary; Aldora Bailey, who graduated from the Baptist Institute in Philadelphia; Rev. Harry White, Rev. M. T. Hulihan, Rev. Glenn Hazel, Fred Turney, F. W. Bailey, and George Woodward, Jr., who expects to enter some phase of missionary work; F. W. Bailey, licensed by the Church to preach. The broadcast over radio station W.H.J.B. for the past 13 years has sent the gospel out into multitudes of homes. -85- 1799 1949 Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church L. W. ANDERSON, Pastor Rev. L. W. Anderson This Church, now located on Spring Avenue, dates back to 1882, when the Emory H. Stokes family came to Greensburg from Maryland. Florinda Nimmey, Joseph Lewis and others attended services in the First Methodist Church, but Mrs. Stokes was eager to organize a "colored" Church, so quietly invited members of her race to gather in her home on Wednesday evenings for prayer and praise. At one such meeting, Henry Demus came accompanied by a stranger named "Sandy" Christian, an itinerant farm hand, carpenter and part-time preacher. At the close of the meeting, Mr. Christian sug- gested that a commitee be formed to secure a hall where servics could be held Sundays as well as Wednesday evenings. The Burkhart Hall, West Otterman Street, served as the place of worship, and the Reverend William M. Young, Mrs. Stokes' brother, was its first pastor, having affected an organization which was accepted by the A. M. E. Conference. "Sandy" Christian was later recalled and built the first Church on the present site, a small frame structure of about one hundred seating capacity. The brick building was erected in 1910, during the pastorate of C. R. Goggins, who returned in 1932 to "burn the mortgage." Pastors who have served the Congregation include. W. N. Young, "Sandy" Christian, S. T. oJiies, T. J. Simmons, O. T. Davis, Matt Jones, J. N. Wilkes, Addison, T. A. J. West, Skerret, Smothers, C. R. Goggins, C. J. Powell, J. S. Smith, Simmons, J. U. Gumbs, W. T. Watson, A. S. King, A Q. Norton, A. C. Brogdon, B. J. Nolan, Gaar M. Davis, L. A. Cousins, R. L. Brown, and L. W. Anderson, the latter now serving The first choir was under the direction of Florinda Nimmey, with Ella Muncie Trueman serving as organist. Mrs. Nimmey's son, John H. Nimmey, is now director of the senior choir having faithfully served in this capacity for thirty-eight years, and rounding out fifty years as a tenor singer with the choir. Mrs. Charles F. Palmer is pianist of the senior choir, and also directs the youth choir of the Church. Members of the Official Board are: C. E. Jackson, H. B. Owens, T. J. Harper, David T. Williams, James Harris, William Cruse, Robert L. Palmer, Maude Brown, Leona B. Palmer, Susan Harris, Helen T. Williams, Irene Greene, Elizabeth Mullen, Lucy M. Reid, Elizabeth Lynch, Lu- cinda Kimbrough, Julia Fleming, and Carrie Walton. -86- Swedish Evangelical Salem Lutheran Church A desire for religious services in their mother tongue led the Swedish members of Zion's Lutheran Church, together with Greensburg members of the Swedish Church at Irwin to form a new congregation. Following the English service in Zion's on April 26, 1887, the organiza- tion was completed with a membership of sixty-two persons. Organic fellowship was established with the New York Conference of the Augustana Synod and the following Board was elected: A. Thornblade, A. Newquist, and A. Woldt as deacons; A. P. Johnson, Bengt Larson, and Bengt Johnston, as trustees. Both Pastor Westerdahl of Irwin and Pastor Lund of Zion's were sympathetically active in forming the new group. Until 1895 Salem congregation continued to worship in Zion's. In 1891 a lot was purchased at the corner of Street but no construction was authorized until February, 1895, when A. Newquist, Erik Olson, Pete Paulson, Ben Johnson and Charles Fredrickson were elected as building committee. The erection of the the church was started in May and the basement completed in time for the first service on Christmas morning of that year. The following year the nave was completed and dedicated to the worship of God on August 2. The first parsonage was built on the corner of Green and Foster Streets in 1904, but in 1910 the present parsonage adjoining the church was purchased. In 1908 Mr. Andrew Carnegie contributed half the cost of the pipe organ, the Luther League assuming the remainder of the cost. The altar and pulpit, a gift from Mrs. Thomas Lynch, were installed at this time. The congregation became free of debt in 1927. Active in the work of the congregation were the various auxiliary organizations. The Aid Society was formed on February 21, 1889-and its first activity was a festival held in the old Court House on the day of the Johnstown Flood. The Sunday School was organized in 1895 with A. Thornblade as superintendent, and Charles Fredrickson, Ben Chestnut Street and Brandon Johnson, and J. A. Benton as teachers. The brotherhood was organized in 1915; Tabitha in 1917, and the Missionary Society in 1918. In 1921 services in English were introduced every other Sunday evening, but this was discontinued the following year. Later in 1922 it was decided to conduct all evening services in English. On January 5, 1935, the congregation adopted English for service every Sunday morning, with a later service in Swedish on alternate Sundays. Since January, 1942, the Swedish services have been discontinued and all services and meetings are now conducted in English. During the years Salem has at various times been joining with congregations at Duquesne and at Windber to form the parish. In addition to the services of numerous theological students, with the occasional help of neighboring pastors, the congregation has been served by Pastors S. Udden, 1888; S. E. Rydberg, 1889-1890; O. Chilleen, 1891-1893; N. P. Anseen, 1901-1907; N. W. Swenson, 1908-1910; Oscar Montan, 1913-1916; C. O. Bomgren, 1917-1921; C. O. Thunberg, 1921-1926; J. J. Younggren, 1926-1943; C. Russell Lundgren, 1945-1948. At present the pastorate is vacant. -87- 1799 1949 Rev. S. P. Westerdahl 1887 1799 1949 First Christian Church REV. H. GLENN CARPENTER, Pastor The congregation of the First Christian Church commemorates its sixtieth anniversary in 1949 coincidental with the sesqui-centennial of the city of Greensburg. Pioneers of the local congregation were Mr. and Mrs. Philip S. Kuhns who owned a farm just east of the borough line of Greensburg. Meetings were held sometimes in their home or in their large barn depending upon the size of the crowd. Both house and barn are now gone. Enlisted in the support of the group were the Rev. James Darsie, the Rev. Lyman Pierce Streator and Mr. Robert S. Latimer. Mr. Latimer was the great lay leader of western Pennsylvania. The congregation was formally organized on March 24, 1889, in the old Kuhn's Hall, now the Bon Ton Store, which had become the regular place of meeting. There were 32 charter members and a petition for the organig,ation was presented to the Court, May 19, 1890. Desiring a church home the congregation purchased a lot on East Second Street and on this site was erected the first church home. The Rev. E. V. Zollars dedicated the church on April 10, 1892. still stands and houses the Calvary Presbyterian Church. The church The first regular minister was the Rev. A. M. Harvout. He was followed by A. M. Chamberlain, C. H. Humphrey, and P. Y. Latimer. The first pastorate to reach a half-decade was that of F. F. Bullard. Fol- lowing a short pastorate of F. F. Fuller. W. R. Corter served the church for four years. N. W. Phillips and C. M. Smail served for short pastorates and Ben S. Johnson came to the church for two pastorates totalling over eight years. It was during the ministry of the Rev. Johnson that the present church home was erected on South Pennsylvania Avenue. The build- ing was dedicated on May 25, 1919 by the Rev. C. W. Cauble, secretary of the Indiana Christian Missionary Society. Following the Rev. Mr. Johnson the following ministers have served the church: D. Park Chapman, J. E. Stuart, I. Clifford Bucy, T. E. Tomerlin, Virgin L. Elliott. The Rev. H. Glenn Carpenter, present pastor, assumed the pulpit in October, 1937. -88- 1799 1949 South Greensburg Methodist Church REV. BENJAMIN F. SHUE, Pastor The South Greensburg Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1889. At first the meetings were held in the homes of members and later in the school house. In 1890 the first building was erected on the east side of Poplar street between Coulter and- Jamison avenues. This building was used until 1924, when the congregation moved into the building it now occupies on the corner of Elm Steet and Sheridan Ave. At this time the old building was sold and is now used as headquarters for the volunteer fire department of South Greensburg. During the sixty years of its organization twenty-four Pastors have served the Church. It has kept growing until it now has a membership of five hundred and fifty. The original Board of Trustees of the Church were: Mr. Coughenour, Mr. Lynch, Mr. Brown, Mr. Mcelroy, Mr. Rial, Mr. Cole, Mr. Long. Families that as a whole contributed much to the early development of the Church included the Browns and Elders, the Hulls and Burhenns, the Plummers and Hilgerts, Shraders, Coughenours, Clarks, Pages, Klingensmiths, Blackburns, Moyars, Powells, Houghtons, Mountains, and McClains. Many of these remain today as active and faithful members. Ground was purchased for the new building April 18, 1920. Ground breaking service was held May 14, 1923. The cornerstone was laid November 4, 1923. The building was dedicated by Bishop Francis J. McConnell June 5, 1924. Total cost of the building and equipment was $70,000. The mortgages were paid in full March 31, 1948. The present Pastor is the Rev. Benjamin F. Shue, who was appointed in October, 1948. The superintendent of the Sunday school is Earl Smith. The Church organist is Mrs. Ernest Keiser. James Downall is financial secretary. Alvin Shaffer is treasurer of the Church. Mrs. Fred Grossman is president of the Woman's Society of Christian Service. In 1940, two young men who have grown up in this congregation were admitted into the membership of the Pittsburgh conference. The Rev. Clark Derby, now Pastor of The Electric Heights Methodist Church, and Sherwood Keiser, Pastor of the Haven Methodist Church. The Church has two licensed local Ministers at the present time, namely, Alvin Smith and Ardith Shaffer. -89- 1799 1949 Free Methodist Church REV. JOEL H. WEBB. Pastor Rev. Joel H. Webb The Free Methodist Church work opened here in 1889 through a revival conducted by the Rev. and Mrs. E. E. Shellhammer, assisted by other workers. Some elements of the town were adversely aroused and the workers suffered considerable hardship. On the occasion of a street meeting Mr. Shellhammer was taken before a magistrate. Holding tenaciously to the coat of the arresting officer the preacher prayed long and earnestly. The policeman was embarrassed and tried to release himself-but the preacher prayed on until it appeared as though the officer were the prisoner and the preacher the officer. The charge was dropped and the street meetings permitted without further molestation. At the close of this revival more than thirty members organized the Church. Among other Charter Members were Mr. and Mrs. T. H. Bailey, Mr. and Mrs. George Sinsley, Mrs. Shirey and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Eckenrod and members of their family. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Barnes joined the congregation in its early days, as did Mr. and Mrs. I. R. Thompson; their son James Thompson is now superintendent of the Sunday School. Mr. T. H. Bailey, manager of a furniture store, and a member of the Society, supplied the pulpit for a year under supervision of the Travel- ing District Elder, the Rev. D. B. Tobey. In the fall of 1892, J. J. Zahniser was appointed as supply, this being his first appointment. Mt. Pleasant was added to the parish. The first building used by the congregation was the small Coven- anter church building at Main and Fourth Streets-now used as a garage. The present building at the corner of Mace and Weaver Streets was erected in 1925. Plans are being made to remodel and enlarge this building to accommodate the Sunday School and congregation. There have gone out from the congregation the following ministers: The Rev. Messrs. John H. Whitman, George E. Lynch, R. O. Tessora, and C. F. Johnson. The Rev. Joel H. Webb, a native of Canada, has been the pastor since 1947. -90- Westminster Presbyterian Church REV. EUGENE G. SLEP, Pastor An influential factor in creating a sentiment in favor of the organiza- tion of the Westminster Presbyterian Church was a Sabbath School started by Capt. J. A. Cunningham and his wife in the Ludwick school house in the Spring of 1891. This venture was so successful that the school house was soon abandoned, a hall rented and arrangements made to have the pastor and co-pastor of the First Church hold preaching services. In September, 1891, a paper was circulated among the members of the First Presbyterian Church for the names of those who were willing to go into a second church. Eighty-four people signed-two of whom were members of the Session. At a congregational meeting the First Church invited the Presbytery of Blairsville to organize these people into a second church. The committee from Presbytery met in the lecture room of the First Church on December 3, 1891, and there organized a new church-The Westminster Presbyterian Church of Greensburg, Pa. Westminster started life with 92 members, 84 from the First Church, 4 from the Reunion Church of Mt. Pleasant, and 4 from the Second Presbyterian Church of Washington, Pa. At at congregational meeting held December 10, 1891, John A. Marquis was called as pastor. First Ruling Elders: H. C. Boyd, Paul H. Gaither, Esq., Capt. J. A. Cunningham, Jesse Hunter, J. T. Cort and R. M. J. Zahniser. First Trustees: Dr. George Culbertson, Col. John A Black, George B. Little, S. F. Maxwell, Andrew Byers and Almon R. Young. The congregation rented the- chapel of the Greensburg Seminary as a place for worship. The first service was held on the morning of January 3, 1892. Work was begun on the present building in April. The corner stone was laid July 14th. Christmas service in the chapel, December 24, 1892, was the first service in the new building. On June 11, 1893, the Sanctuary was dedicated to the worship of Almighty God. Westminster has had seven pastors: John A. Marquis, 1891-1902; -91- come to Greensburg and George D. Lindsay, 1902-1906; John B. Rendall, 1906-1912; George P. Atwell, 1912-1921; Henry A. Riddle, 1921-1928; William Owen, 1928- 1943; Eugene G. Slep, 1944-19-. Present Official Boards of the Church: Ruling Elders: William Bates, Dr. William Bierer, Harvey Boarts, John Elliott, William Herd, Joel Hill, William Hosie, Ray Jamison, Emerson Kauffman, Robert Markle, Charles E. Marsh, Clerk, and Norman Wright. Deacons: Louis Bates, Charles Claspy, Alex Duffus, Homer Fennell, Floyd Frye, Wilfred Highberger, Fred McMillan, Robert Orr, President, John Peters, Rothwell Rees, Roy Rugh, Donald Sibel. Trustees: Michael Charley, President; William Gall, Paul Haslam, David McComb, Thomas Taylor, Dainel Woodward. The membership has now grown to 688. Eight sons of Westminster have entered the ministerial field. They are: John S. Colledge, George G. Culbertson, William Diltz, Robert Gaut, John K. Highberger, Paul Franklin Hudson, Robert Stein and Fred T. Stein. One member, William Baker Herd, is now a ministerial student. 1799 1949 Rev. Eugene Slep 1799 1949 Fourth Street Evangelical United Brethren Church REV. P. J. HALSTEAD. Pastor Rev. P. 1. Halstead In the winter and spring of 1893, the Rev. G. W. Ringer, who was serving at Mount Pleasant, came up to the old Covenanter Church on the southwest corner of Main and Fourth Streets in Greensburg, to preach to a group of people banded together for worship. In March, 1894, Greensburg was taken up as a mission by the Pittsburgh Confer- ence of the Evangelical Church. The Rev. F. W. Ware was sent as pastor. During the first year, the membership increased from 18 to 70, and the Sunday School averaged 48. The following year, the member- ship increased to 130, and the Sunday School to 150. A permanent place of worship was erected soon after this on a lot on Fourth Street, which was purchased for the sum of $600.00. A church 35' x 55' was built, with a corner tower and vestibule, at a cost of $2500.00. The church was dedicated in 1896, when F. W. Barlett was pastor. In 1898, 125 members were transferred to the Claridge Church. In th ensuing years, 17 pastors have served the congregation: E. W. Rishel, A. J. Bird, C. D. Slagle, D. L. Yoder, W. A. Wissinger, T. J. Barlett, G. C. McDowell, F. W. Brickley, I. L. Peterson, J. G. Clark (2), W. W. Elrick, A. G. Meade, W. M. Peffer, J. D. Hammer, N. H. Peterson, and the present pastor, P. J. Halstead. The Evangelical Church and the United Brethren in Christ merged denominations in November of 1946, at which time the name of the local church was changed from the First Evangelical Church, to Fourth Street Evangelical United Brethren Church. -92- 1799 1949 Christian Missionary Alliance REV. C. F. WESTOVER, Pastor In 1906, as a result of a tent meeting, the Christian Missionary Alli- ance Church was formed in the Tribune Building. From there the small group moved to North Main Street where they worshipped in a hall, then to another hall at 119 North Maple Avenue. In these early days Miss Annie Giles shephered the flock and laid the foundation for ten years for a growing church. Other early workers included the Rev. E. J. Richards and the Rev. W. Morrison. The congregation grew and in 1920 the Rev. E. S. Conley led the people to purchase a lot and the first building for a church home was erected. The work in later years grew rapidly until today a large congrega- tion may be seen at all church services. The young people not only have contributed money at home and to foreign missions, but have representatives in the ministry in foreign lands and in the states. The giving to preach the gospel to those who never heard it has been unusual. In 1906 the first foreign missionary offering was $100.00 Last year nearly $9,000.00 was given. During the past five years con- tributions were over $40,000.00, and this at a time a new church location on the corner of Fourth Street and Maple Avenue was being paid for and a building fund with $18,000.00 was being raised. The local Church has young men and women who are proclaiming the gospel with others in 96 languages and principal dialects. It is responsible to give the gospel under its present occupation to eighty million souls. The church has assisted in new work at Latrobe, Youngwood, Scottdale and Youngstown. The present Pastor is the Rev. C. F. Westover. -93- 1799 1949 An Remoriam This book is dedicated to the memory of those who made the supreme sacrifice while serving in the armed forces of this nation in time of war, without which there would be no Greensburg today. Rightfully, the names of these heroic dead, particularly those from Greater Greens- burg, should appear in this volume. There being no complete record of them at the present time, rather than publish an incomplete list, or a list of the dead of one war and not all wars, the available names have been omitted. It is suggested that such lists be compiled while yet they may be verified and placed on record for future historians. THE EDITORS 1799 1949 Third Reformed Church REV. SAMUEL E. LOBACH, Pastor This congregation is the youngest of the three Evangelical and Reformed Churches in greater Greensburg. It began as a mission project of the former Reformed Church in the United States. The first assembly was August 11, 1907, in the old red brick grade school building on the northeast corner of Elm Street and Coulter Ave., South Greensburg. This first group continued as a Sunday School until February 23, 1908, when the organization of what was to be the Third Reformed Church of Greensburg was effected by the granting of a petition for the same by Westmoreland Classis of the Pittsburgh Synod, upon the request of twenty-nine persons who became charter members. Four pastors have served the congregation in the forty-two years of its service to the community and the Kingdom of God. The first pastor was the Rev. John F. Bair, 1907-1913. He ministered through the critical organizational period, the purchasing of the ground for the future church building and the erection of the first church building, and was the officiating minister and celebrant of the first communion on Easter, 1908. The second pastor was the Rev. William C. Sykes, D.D., 1913-1934. During his ministry the parsonage was erected adjoining the church building; the present church edifice was built in 1924, the former building having been con- demned because of structural defects. A beautiful, rich-toned Moller pipe organ was installed in the sanctuary in 1929. Dr. Sykes joined the church triumphant April 18, 1934. The third pastor was the Rev. Charles D. Rodenberger, 1934-1942. He served the congregation during the merger of the Evangelical Synod of North America and the Reformed Church in the United States. Although his pastorate was during the depression years, the whole interior of the church building was redecorated in 1935; the concrete sidewalks was laid; a bell was placed in the well-built tower, and the congregation became self-supporting. The fourth and present pastor of the congregation is the Rev. Samuel E. Lobach, 1942-. In this period the congregational indebtedness of $17,199 was liquidated; the property landscaped; the church auditorium redecorated in 1945; the heating system converted to oil fuel in 1947; the parsonage improved; and the congregational benevolent assessment met in full annually. At the present time the congregation is observing the 40th anniversary of the laying of the first cornerstone and contemplates the remodeling of the church school room. Rev. Wm. C. Sykes, D.D. Rev. S. E. Lobach Rev. John F. Bair -94- 1799 1949 Calvary Presbyterian Church REV. I. G. PRATTE, Pastor The Calvary Presbyterian Church was formally organized in 1935. This group had previously been known as the Italian Presbyterian Mission and as such did much to instill in those of Italian birth and their children the principles of Americanism at a time when the tide of immigration in this country was at its height. The Italian Mission was organized in 1910 at the request of the Blairsville Presbytery, with Dr. Schall, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, Miss Belle Armstrong and Miss Mary Trout instrumental in its foundation. The first missionary was the Rev. C. Casanova who served from 1910 to 1915. The Rev. Joseph Perezini served in 1916-1917. The Rev. J. G. Pratte, coming to Greensburg in 1917, is the present pastor. The group first met at 119 Pennsylvania Avenue in the Ogden Building and for 18 years the two large rooms on the upper floor of this building were the scene of many and varied activities including Sunday school and church services, musical instruction, both choral and instru- mental, young peoples' work with Daily Vacation Bible School, kinder- garten and Americanization night school with 13 nationalities repre- sented, all eagerly seeking to become citizens. This night school grew to large proportions, the attednace reaching 96 students. The Rev. Pratte, ably assisted by Mrs. Pratte, and Miss Edna Kallie, missionary, was largely responsible for the development of the Mission to a point where it was necessary to establish missions in several of the towns adjacent to Greensburg and the Ludwick Mission on West Pittsburgh Street in Greensburg. In addition to the church activities the Mission sponsored a monthly magazine, "L'Aurora" and the Theodore Roosevelt Beneficial Society. In 1928 the Mission took over the edifice which formerly housed the Christian Church on Second Street. After many improvements to the structure and a general adjustment in the schedule of classes, activities, and the order of service, the Italian Mission was organized as the Calvary Presbyterian Church with the Rev. J. G. Pratte as pastor. -95- Rev. J. G. Pratte 1799 1949 Church of The Brethren REV. MAHLON J. BROUGHER, Pastor This congregation grew out of the interest of two persons - Homer P. Galentine and Myers Moore-who came here from Somerset County in 1903. These brethren called to their assistance some surrounding ministers, who, in addition to services in the homes, preached for some time in the Union Mission on West Pittsburgh Street. Built in the summer of 1910, the congregation's own Chapel was dedicated November 22. A Sunday School was organized. The membership of the Mission then was twenty. On January 1, 1911, the Rev. J. Brougher was called as the first pastor of the Mission, this being his first pastorate. The pastoral relationship has con- tinued through the years to the present time. On May 1, 1911, by an act of the District Meeting, an organization was effected, making the Mission a fully recognized congregation, the group of workers and charter members numbering thirty seven: Laurence Altman, Mrs. Emma Altman, Mrs. Sallie Y. Bolton, Murray McKee Bolton, Charles William Bolton, Jr., Mary Elizabeth Bolton, Lulu Broadwater, Mahlon J. Brougher, Mrs. Mary Kathryn Brougher, Mrs. Rosen Carn, Mrs. Beulah Culp, Adam Deemer, Homer P. Galentine, Mrs. Kathryn Galentine, Mrs. Jennie Jackson, Agnes Kaylor (Mathias), Warren C. Kaylor, Clyde M. Kuhns, Ella Pyle (Kuhns), Ella Livingston, Mrs. Eliza M. Miller, Myers Moore, Walter M. Moore, James A. Osterwise, Mrs. Clara B. Osterwise, William M. Pletcher, Mrs. Sarah Pletcher, George P. Riehl, Mrs. Sarah Riehl, Jennie Riehl, Louis B. Riehl, Laurence Smalley, Paul Smalley, Mrs. Linnie Sperber, Edward Sperber, Sanford Stover, and George Tinkey. The church building was dedicated February 11, 1912, and that same year the membership grew to seventy-four. The parsonage, which stands on the former Chapel site, was dedicated February 15, 1925. During the first six years of the work of the church, some support was re- ceived from the District Treasury, but since then has assumed full financial support for the local work. In addition it has carried full quotas for benevolent work, and shared largely in recent years in over-seas relief and heifer project work. Children and patrons of the Daily Vacation Bible School in June, 1948, contributed money to purchase "Hope", a heifer for over-seas relief, as an ex- pression of interest taken in world need today. The Church of the Brethren believes that the "milk of human kindness" will do much toward bringing peace in the world. "Hope" was sent to Venezuela for work in the relocation of dis- placed persons of Europe. The church now has five hundred communicant members. During the years it has called three of her members to the Christian ministry. Rev. M. . Brougher 1911 Rev. M..J. Brougher 35 years later -96- 1799 1949 First Antioch Baptist Church REV. C. I. ROBINSON, Pastor Rev. I. E. Smith Founder This congregation was organized November 15, 1915, under the leadership of the late Rev. Mr. Marshall of Jeannette, presiding as Moderator of the Council of Ten Churches. Of the seven members who thus organized and immediately called the Rev. J. E. Smith to be their pastor, only the pastor survives. Until August 18, 1918, the congregation worshipped in the Golden Eagle Hall. On that date it moved to a small room at the present location on West Pittsburgh Street. Foundations of the present building were laid, the basement finished and used as a place of worship until the superstructure could be finished. There have been five pastors in the past quarter century: the Rev. Messrs. J. E. Smith, F. L. Flouer, R. L. Brown, F. L. Burruss. The Rev. C. J. Robinson is the present pastor. The congregation is free of debt and planning a program of expansion. -97- 1799 1949 REV. A. F. BANKER, D.D., Pastor A group of believers in Jesus Christ held their first worship service in Odd Fellows Hall, Greensburg, November 7th, 1920. The Rev. J. A. Hetner was secured to preach the first sermon, the Rev. C. Overholt was the evening speaker. A tentative name was adopted December 1, 1920, "The Community Church". January 23, 1921 constitution and by-laws were adopted and the name of the "Church Of The Open Door and Bible School" was accepted. The. first officers were elected February 20, 1921. Mr. L. M. Linganfield, S. E. Hershey, Mr. C. A. Cox, Dr. G. W. Miller, C. C. Overholt, C. Riddle, A. Wagoner, F. E. Seifert, J. Fanan, and W. Berlin. A lot was purchased April 3rd, 1921, and the new church dedicated Novem- ber 6th, 1921. The Sunday School was organized in 1920 with 97 attending. The present membership is 182 with an average attendance of 130. The present officers of the Sunday School are: Floyd Gerard, Harrold Hazel, Earl Garris, Denver Miller, Mary Garris, Jessie Powell, Albert Garland, Earl Sutherland, Lester Hazel, Alton Wagoner, Denver Miller, Jr., Florence Moorhead. The Young People's Society was organized in 1921 and still continues with a present average attendance of about 30. They sponsor a "Youth Jubilee Hour", each month for the community and also sponsor an "Easter Community Sunrise Service". The present officers are: Jean Miller, Don Hazel, Margaret Black, Dorothy Seaton, Peggy Weimer, Earl Garris. The church also has an active Missionary Society and a fine Young People's Choir of 25 voices. The pastors who have served the church are as follows: The Rev. Messrs. F. Holland, A. B. Taylor, G. Guest, S. E. Lewis, W. Young, Leon Hill, J. M. Dean, D.D., Parley Zartman, D.D., R. A. Frook, Harold Hamilton, W. S. Hawks, A. F. Banker, A. E. Ireland, O. E. Pearson and at present A. F. Banker, D.D. Under the leadership of Dr. Banker's first pastorate the church was freed from debts and extensive repairs and refurnishings were made to the church. Since his return in 1946, "The Greensburg Bible Institute" has been organized and is in the second year with present student classes of 14 pupils. A niew Wurlitzer Electric Organ and other improvements to the church have been made, and a parsonage has been purchased. The church is looking forward to en- larging the building by new addition of eight new class rooms, a nursery and a new furnace and utility room. Rev. A. F. Banker, Th.B., D.I -98- 1799 1949 Church of God in Christ ELDER F. L. BURRUSS, Pastor Organized in Haydenville in 1920 by Elder C. Frederick of Pittsburgh, this congregation of thirty members was served briefly by Elder Jeff Louis, W. Brookins, G. Higgs, and T. H. Parkham. It moved to Greensburg and conducted services in a tent at the corner of Cleveland and Hamilton streets in 1921. In 1922 a lot was purchased and the present building started. First services in the new building were held the first Sunday in April, 1923. Active in the building program were Elder and Mrs. Parkham, Mrs. B. Johnson, Mrs. I. Robinson, and Miss L. Washington. The congregation grew rapidly under the eighteen years of pastoral care of Elder Parkham which ended with his death on March 17, 1940. Elder Thomas Ray succeeded him as pastor and served for three years. From January, 1944 to February, 1947, Elder Calvin Ray was pastor. At that time Elder F. L. Burruss, present incumbent, became pastor and was installed by Bishop O. T. Jones, Overseer and Bishop of Pennsylvania. -99- 1799 1949 The Church of God REV. J. I. KALP, Pastor Responding to an action of the West Pennsylvania Eldership of the Churches of God, adopted October 6, 1941, the Board of Missions of this Elder- ship investigated the possibilities of establishing a church in Greensburg. Their efforts succeeded, and "The Church Of God At Greensburg" was organized at a meeting in the Y. M. C. A., September 22, 1942. In the meantime the Eldership Board of Trustees received word that since the federal government was purchasing the farm of Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Rieck in Allegheny County as the site for an air port, necessitating the removal of a frame church building maintained by the Riecks for their employees, the owners were willing to present the building to the Eldership as a gift. The church- house was gratefully accepted. It was dismantled, transported to this city, re-built on a newly purchased site at Highland Avenue and Turney Street, and brick-veneered. On Sunday, September 19, 1943, it was dedicated to the worship of God. When the charter was closed on that date, 14 members had affiliated. The membership is now 57. The Rev. Arthur E. Eakin was the first pastor. He was succeeded by the Rev. J. Arnold Berg. The third and present pastor is the Rev. J. I. Kalp. -100- Rev. J. I. Kalp 1799 1949 The Salvation Army The history of The Salvation Army in Greensburg begins with the year 1903, when on Nov. 30th, Captain and Mrs. Parrott came and started to hold meetings at 117 Pennsylvania Ave. From this early beginning the local Corps has had a number of leaders and also a number of different locations. During the 46 years that The Salvation Army has been in operation in this community it has had a total of 67 officers of whom 20 were married couples and the rest were single and in most part acted as assistant officers sent here for further training in Salvation Army work. From the early beginning on 117 Pennsylvania Ave. to its present location at 125 North Main St., the Army has consistantly striven to better its location and also its work within the community. In the early days of the Army it was a custom to move the officers from one center to another and in glancing over the early appointments we find that often there would be several changes in the same year and during the first World War, in the year 1917, there were eight different officers appointed to this city for the Army work. Now the story is different because the officers receive more intense training and therefore are better able to spend longer periods at one place. The record show that The Salvation Army has had meeting halls at 131 Oliver St., Truby St., 133 Potomac St., 605 Oakland Ave., 419 Mill St. 400 S. Main St., 306 W. Third St., 218 N. Main St., and since 1925 they have been located in their own building at 125 N. Main St. There have been ten young men and women leave this Corps to enter The Salvation Army Training College for training as full time Salvation Army Officers. The Salvation Army has consistently carried on its work of preach- ing and teaching the Gospel to all who entered its doors and find that all churches have benefited by its work. The charity work which has been long associated with The Salvation Army stems from its belief that we must care for the body as well as the soul. Primarily The Salvation Army is a religious organization and its charity work is secondary. During the latter part of 1948 Major Leslie Watson took over the established Forbes Road Sunday School as a part of The Salvation Army Program and since that time direct oversight of this small church has been in the hands of The Salvation Army. A very nice work among both young people and adults is conducted at this center. The present officers in command are Senior Captain and Mrs. Carl Andreasen, who assumed command in February, 1949. -101- 1799 1949 Ministerial Association (Editor's note: An interesting side-light as to how our fore-fathers interpreted "separation of Church and State. "lies in the fact that at least six of the present congregations of Greensburg held services in the Coutny Court House : First Presbyterian until 1816 and again in 1873, First Lutheran before 1895; United Brethren, June 21, 1808; First Methodist, 1830-1833; Zion's Lutheran, 1848; Trinity Evangelical and Reformed was organized there on September 30, 1849. Christ Episcopal held an election of officials on Easter Monday, 1822, Salem Lutheran held a big community festival in the Court House on the day of the Johnstown flood-May 31, 1889.) Inscribed on a monument standing in front of the Archives Building on Pennsylvania Avenue in our nation's captial are the words: "WHAT IS PAST IS PROLOGUE". Building on the rich heritage of the past as a foundation, the Ministerial Association of Greensburg faces the future with confidence as it attempts to weld the religious forces of the city into a united force for righteousness. It envisions a city morally clean and spiritually alive, a city worthy of the dreams of our Godfearing forebears. The Ministerial Association is comprised of the pastors of 26 Protestant Churches among the total of 38 known religious groups in the community. Officers of the Association are: The Rev. Ralph W. McKenzie, Ph.D., president; the Rev. Paul J. Halstead, secretary; the Rev. Samuel E. Lobach, treasurer. -102- 1799 1949 Roman Catholic Church in Greensburg Twenty-nine years intervened between the withdrawal of the priests who served at the French forts in Western Pennsylvania, and the first Mass in 1787 with Father John B. Cause as celebrant, in the home of John Probst on the Pittsburgh road near Harrison City. The movement of the Roman Catholic Church into this area was slow at first, due to two conditions: the relatively small number of adherents who came here in the early days, and their dependence for the establishment of churches upon the presence of priests. At the time of Father Cause's visit, about twenty Roman Catholic families were known to be in or near the Greensburg settlement. Patrick Archibald had a farm in the upper Ligonier valley; Richard Archbold was near Fort Allen in 1774; Philip Freeman bought 324 acres west of "Bullitt's Defeat" near Laughlinstown, and James Boyle owned a lot in Ligonier in 1775. Near the present Crabtree several families had settled. A century later, 1888, the Greensburg parish alone numbered approximately sixty families. In 1789 the first Catholic church-owned property within the present limits of Greensburg was acquired by deed dated March 10: "Philip Freeman . . . grants to John Probst, John Young, Patrick Archibald, Simon Roughner, Christian Roughner and George Roughner, Trustees of the Roman Catholic Church of Greensburg, through laudable inclina- tion for encouraging piety, morality and Religion, and five shillings, a certain (one acre) lot near the town of Greensburg ... in trust for the Roman Catholic Church or place of public burying ground and no other purpose whatsoever." The erection of a log building for use as a church was started immediately, but work was discontinued before the roof was completed, because the next pastor preferred a different site. About the same time Father Theodore Brouwers, a Franciscan heard that these pioneers were without a pastor and with the permis- sion of Bishop John Carroll of Baltimore decided to minister to them. Therefore before starting out from Philadelphia he bought. a farm in Derry township, seven miles from present St. Vincent, and for this reason called today "Seven Mile farm." As this was not centrally located, in 1790 he bought another farm of 300 acres, eight miles east of Greensburg where he fitted up a room, 17 feet square, for a chapel. This was the first Roman Catholic church in the county. The house in which this chapel was arranged was kriown as "Sportsman's Hall" from, the custom of eastern sportsmen using it as a stopping place during the hunting season. Father Brouwers had already died in 1790, leaving his property in trust for the congregation. Various pastors followed. The most pro- minent was Father Peter Helbron, a former pastor of Holy Trinity church, Philadelphia, who came in 1799 to attend the Catholics in Westmoreland County. His first baptisms were in Greensburg on November 17, 1799, and since that time the Register has been kept up and is today one of the best records about Catholics in the county in the early days. He added a little chapel to the house at "Sportsman's Hall" which became the center of his widespread activities for sixteen years. He had.a number of missions and stations in Western Pennsyl- vania. He held regular services at Jacob's Creek where the Irish imigrants who worked at the iron furnace had built a chapel, and kept up a cemetery. He visited Waynesburg, Washington, Brownsville, Pittsburgh, where he laid the foundation of the first church, St. Patricks, and he had stations in Butler County. On one of his journeys to Lake Erie he baptized 95. Thus he became the chief founder of the Church in Western Pennsylvania. Under his successors this activity was more confined to the county itself, and during that time, in 1822, a chapel was built in Derry township. Meanwhile the congregation Sportsman's Hall and Greensburg steadily grew and Father A. Stillinger whose activities extended over a period of forty years, thought it necessary to build a new church, to seat 500 members. This was blessed on July 19, 1835-the feast of St. Vincent de Paul - and this gave the name to the church, as to the monastery, college and seminary which followed. About ten years later, when Father Boniface Wimmer with his candidates arrived to found a Benedictine monastery, the parish was turned over to the Order, and from that time it became the center of expansion in the whole county. From the church of St. Vincent de Paul sprung the Roman Catholic Church of Greensburg, first as a mission and later as a parish. - F. Felix Fellner, O.S.B. -103- 1799 1949 fiE 4 9ILikiso' Of 9 T 21gzJ Z9 Why fling upon the potent breeze The pennant of our native town; Why, with filial ardor, seize Each chance to herald its renown? Why search the fading mind of him Who knew the town when he was young- Beheld, before his eyes grew dim, Whence fact and fond traditions sprung? In books, old letters, deed, and file- From graveyard, album, newsprint, come Vast lines of data to compile A real hometown symposium. What is this urge that men should write The past decrees of destiny? Only the urge that every wight HIS OWN small universe should be. To learn the devious course he bore, The arduous Marathon he ran History reveals his score In life's complete Olympic plan. Time is but a mirror hung Upon the yawning endless ways Where systems old and systems young Reflect the pregnant passing days. So, as we vault upon our way To regions in the endless sky, May this, our History, portray Our Hometown, Greensburg, passing by! D. L. Yount 1799 1949 Most Holy Sacrament Church REV. LINUS BRUGGER, O.S.B., Pastor Father Linus Bruqqer Although the history of the Most Holy Sacrament Parish can be traced to March 10th, 1789, when the present Church property was acquired, still the founding and establishing of a permanent parish dates from December 5th, 1847. On March 10th, 1789, a group of Catholic laymen of Greensburg and vicinity formed a committee and purchased an acre and a half of land in Greensburg for church and cemetery purposes. They erected a log church, but when they could not obtain a priest to take charge, the project was abandoned for over half a century. The Rev. Theodore Brouwers came to Greensburg, but decided he could not live here be- cause they could not support a priest. Out of his own resources, he bought a farm where St. Vincent College now stands. On this property there was a log cabin, used during the hunting season by sportsmen from Philadelphia, appropriately called Sportsmens' Hall. This log cabin became his church and residence, and he lived from the produce of the farm. The Catholic people of Greensburg made repeated efforts to re- establish the church, but their efforts failed until after the founding of St. Vincent Abbey and College in 1846, when one of the priests organ- ized the parish and built, during the Summer and Fall of 1847, a brick church on the site of the present rectory. In 1850 they built a rectory with Fathei William Pollard as the first resident pastor. The little church served the congregation for forty years, until 1887, when a more spacious church became necessary. This church, the third on the same premises, was not completed until July, 1848. The seating capacity was 400. About the year 1890 a marked develop- ment of the coal and coke industry took place in Western Pennsylvania, especially in Westmoreland County. Greensburg, the county seat, and the business and shopping center of the region, prospered accordingly, and after the year 1910 it became increasingly evident that a larger church would be necessary to accommodate the large influx of new members. It was first of all decided that the outlying portions of the parish should be organized into independent units. In pursuance of this plan, St. Bruno's Church was founded in South Greensburg, Holy Cross Church in Youngwood, and St. Bede's Church in Bovard. At a Church Committee meeting on January 8, 1919, it was de- cided to build a new and larger church to meet the growing needs of the parish. Comes, Perry and McMullQn of Pittsburgh were engaged as architects to draw plans for the new church. Owing," however, to the illness of the pastor, nothing further was done until the appointment of Father Linus Brugger, O.S.B., as pastor in 1922. Work of construction on the new church was begun in September, 1925, and the new church was dedicated in September, 1928. The first parochial school was organized in 1862 and was conducted in a single room. Miss Mary Kost was the first teacher. As the number of children increased, added school facilities were provided. There are now two schools in operation with a combined enrollment of 594 pupils. The schools are in charge of the Sisters of Charity of Seton Hill The pastors who served the congregation are the following: the Rev. Messrs. William Pollard, 1850-1853; Augustine Wirth, O.S.B., 1853 to 1857 and 1875 to 1889; Luke Wimmer, O.S.B., 1857-1859; Placidus Piltz, O.S.B., 1859-1860 and 1871 to 1875; Utho Huber, O.S.B., 1860-1862; Leander Schnerr, O.S.B., 1862-1863; Otto Kopf, O.S.B., 1863-1871; Athana- sius Hintenach, O.S.B., 1880-1883; Agatho Steubinger, O.S.B., 1883-1889; Pirmin Leverman, O.S.B., 1889-1892; Rhabanus Guttman, O.S.B., 1892- 1899; Philip Kretz, O.S.B., 1899-1905; Edward Andelfinger, O.S.B., 1905- 1913; Germain Ball, O.S.B., 1913-1918; Aloysius Luther, O.S.B., 1918- 1920; Edgar Zuercher, O.S.B., 1920-1922; and Linus Brugger, O.S.B., 1922 to the present time. Present Assistants are the Rev. Messrs. Marcian Kornides, O.S.B., Columban Bomkamp, O.S.B.; and Constantine Zech, O.S.B.-Director of Music. -104- 1799 1949 Our Lady of Grace Church Coming directly from Italy, Father Nicola Albanese stopped at Pittsburgh, Pa. on February 20, 1910 where he visited the Catholic Bishop, Regis Canevin, to whom he explained that his purpose in coming to America was to take spiritual care of Italian immigrants. The Bishop sent him to Greensburg, where on February 23, 1910 he organ- ized the Italian parish of which he is still the pastor. Father Albanese first visited the convent of the Sisters of Charity at Seton Hill where he was graciously received. In the same year he started religious services in a storeroom on the corner of Tremont and Highland Avenues. On December 28, 1912 the present property on which the church still stands at the junction of Tremont with Highland Avenue, was purchased. The church was completed and dedicated on July 2, 1916. St. Anthony's Church On January 31, 1916 Father Albanese bought a lot at Madison and Williams Streets in that section of town called Ludwick, to afford an op- portunity to many hundreds of Italians living there to attend religious services more conveniently. Here he built a frame building and on December 18, 1921 he celebrated the first mass. Mass has been said continuously in this church from that date until the present. -105- 1799 1949 St. Bruno Parish REV. GILBERT STRAUB, O.S.B., Pastor Rev. Gilbert Straub, O.S.B. St. Bruno Parish is a daughter of Most Holy Sacrament parish of Greensburg which up to that time extended South as far as Ruffsdale. It embraces the industrial section of Greensburg. In the summer of 1917 some generous parishioners of the Most Holy Sacrament Parish built a Sunday School hall in Hammer Plan of South Greensburg at the request of their pastor, Father Germain Ball, O.S.B. In one year sufficient progress was made to justify the erection of an independent parish. Accordingly a petition was sent to the Most Reverend Regis Canevin, bishop of Pittsburgh, for this purpose. Per- mission was granted in the fall of 1918. The site chosen for the erection of parish buildings is centrally located for the members of the new congregation on the corner of Reamer Avenue and Poplar Street. The plot contains two acres purchased from the South Greensburg Land Company. Father Aloysius Luther, O.S.B., then pastor in Greensburg, closed the deal. No further steps were taken until the summer of 1919. In the month of August of that year Father Gilbert Straub, O.S.B., was appointed pastor to organize the new congregation. It then had the Sunday School hall, two acres of land and a debt of $1700.00. The Sunday School Hall has since given way to Route No. 119. To organize effectively Sunday mass was started in the Hall. Mass was celebrated here for the first time Sunday, August 24, 1919. The hall was soon found to be too small to accommodate the worshippers. Steps were taken im- mediately to build a temporary church on the property on Reamer Avenue. The present church, a building 30 ft. by 88 ft., was designed and executed by Edward Weimer of S. Greensburg. Ground was broken Armistice Day, Nov. 11, 1919. It was completed in three months time and on Washington's birthday, Feb. 22, 1920 mass was celebrated in it for the first time. The edifice was blessed by The Most Reverend Regis Canevin, D.D., May 2, 1920 under the patronage of ST. BRUNO in the presence of a large gathering of people. During the week of May 9th The Rev. Gabriel Scheer of the Pittsburgh Apostolate conducted English mission in the new church. On June the 2nd the Bishop re- turned to confirm a class of 59 members. On the feast of Assumption, August 15th, the Blessed Virgin Sodality was organized with 63 old and new members. At a regular meeting Mrs. Luke McDonough was chosen first president. St. Bruno church was established to supply the spiritual wants of the catholics of all nationalities in South Greensburg with the exception of the Italians who have a church of their own in East Greensburg. All necessary parish activities have flourished at St. Bruno's since its in- ception. In 1921 the home of William Snedden, corner Reamer and Poplar, directly opposite to the church, was purchased by the congrega- tion and put to use as a rectory. When St. Bruno parish was organized it could boast of 150 families. Today it has increased to 450 families. At present plans are completed for the erection of a new combination building of Church, Rectory and parish Hall. It will replace the present building. Father Gilbert Straub, O.S.B., is still pastor. -106- 1799 1949 Congregation Temple Emanu-El Congregation Temple Emanu-El was founded in November, 1945 by a small group of Greensburg citizens of Jewish faith. The congregation is dedi- cated to the worship of God in the liberal interpretation of Judaism. Work has been recently started on the construction of a House of Worship for the congre- gation, on North Main Street, opposite the High School. This modern building is scheduled for completion this coming fall. Temporarily, weekly services are held at the Penn Albert Hotel and Sunday School Classes for the children are held at the local Y.M.C.A. A plot of ground has been acquired at Harrold's Churches that will be used as the congregation's cemetery. -107- 1799 1949 Congregation B'nai Israel About 65 years ago when Jews first started to settle in Greensburg, their first impulse was to build a house of worship. In 1886 a Synagogue was built at the present location, Hamilton and Ludwick Streets. It was considerably smaller than the present structure and was of wood construction. Money was scarce and most of the work from the foundation up was performed by the few who settled here. It was in 1890 that the first constitution was adopted, and a set of officers elected and installed, composed of the following: Eliazer Felstein, President; Abraham Brodia, Vice President; Laziar Aaron, Secretary; Wolfe Daniels, Treasurer. This congregation, conceived and dedicated to the orthodox type of worship, continued in this manner until 1943, when the older generation having mostly passed on, and the younger generation desiring a more modern type of worship, installed as first conservative spiritual leader, Rabbi Henry Goody, who served our community for two years until he enlisted as chaplain in the United States army. He was succeeded in 1947 by Rabbi Hyman Danzig. -108- 1799 1949 First Church of Christ, Scientist First Church of Christ Scientist of Greensburg, a branch of the Mother Church, First Church of Christ, Scientist in Boston, Mass., was organized in 1899. Prior to that time there had been considerable activity in this city with services being held in private homes, starting in Washington Street in 1890, and later at 410 Green Street. In 1897 a Christian Science Society was organized and services were held in a hall in the Glunt Building. Soon after this Society was officially recognized as a church and services were moved to the Stoner Building on East Otterman Street. In 1920 the present edifice at 425 South Main Street was built and occupied. A Reading Room is also maintained at 206 South Pennsylvania Ave. -109- 1799 1949 Seventh-Day Adventist Church The work of this church began in Greensburg in 1898 when Elders C. S. Longacre and Lee S. Wheeler began two years' labor before organizing a congregation in 1900. It was re-organized on January 10, 1925, by Conference President Wm. M. Robbins. In 1925 evangelistic services, which added 15 members, were con- ducted on the corner of West Pittsburgh and Westminster Streets by Elders M. R. Coons and George S. Rapp. Elder L. C. Evans conducted an evangelistic campaign in 1935 on South Main Street, and further in- creased the membership. Through these years the congregation met in rented quarters. On March 2, 1945, a lot on the corner of Brandon and Sewickley Streets was purchased under the leadership of Pastor A. Ray Norcliffe. The present pastor, H. W. Wolcott, began his duties October 1, 1946, and began erecting a church edifice. On November 14, 1946, ground for the new church was broken by W. C. Fleisher, the only surviving charter member. With an active membership of about 40, and with a pay-as-you-go plan of financing, the work on- the new building has progressed slowly but surely. The building, now nearing completion, includes space for a parochial school. Plans call for dedicating the new church free of debt upon its completion. Elder C. S. Longacre, founder of the church, has for many years been head of the Religious Liberty Association of the denomination and editor of the religious "Liberty" magazine. A. R. Norcliffe sailed recently as mission director to Bogata, Colombia, South America. -110- 1799 1949 First Pentecostal Church In 1922 the Rev. B. E. Mahan started prayer meetings in Mr. and Mrs. Robert Thropp's home on Foster and Westminster Streets. From there meetings were taken to the home of Mr. and Mrs. William Black, Sr., on Ohio Street, where Sunday School and church services were held. After this services were held in the Malta Hall on Main Street. In 1934 the church moved to 51 East Pittsburgh Street where the Rev. Charles V. Elliott was the pastor for nine years. During Mr. Elliott's stay the church was incorporated. In 1940 he launched a build- ing program and in a short time two lots were purchased on Sidney Street and the foundation for the present church was completed free of debt. In January, 1943, Mr. Elliott resigned the pastorate and the Rev. A. E. Lowmaster became the pastor. During his ministry the present church was completed, and dedicated on March 5, 1944. In November, 1944, Mr. Lowmaster accepted a pastorate at Anita, Pa. The Rev. William Baltau, a returned missionary from China, was our most recent pastor, and he resigned expecting to return to China. At the present time, a local man, James A. Howell, is filling in as pastor -111- 1799 1949 I Church of Jesus Christ In 1923 Brother Joseph Dulisse and Anthony Di Batista, members of the Glassport branch of the Church of Jesus Christ came to South Greensburg with the desire to spread the Gospel which they represented. After a year a few members joined themselves to the faith they brought and engendered the present membership of 80. First meetings were held from house to house. As numbers grew it was necessary to acquire a larger meeting place. The School Board of South Greensburg granted use of the public school where meetings were held from 1927 to 1935. When the school was renovated it became necessary to move to the Junior High School. The room allocated became too small and required another change. In 1936 meetings were held in the home of a member in Skidmore where the required space was available. As growth continued, need of a church building was felt and in June, 1942, the present building at 1200 Broad Street was completed. The congregation has enjoyed a steady growth of its membership. Missions in Somerset, Pa., and Washington, D. C., have been started from this church.* Mr. Fred Fair, of 1228 Elm Street, is presiding at present and has acted in that capacity for 19 years. -112- 1799 1949 Church of lesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (MORMON) The first formal activity of the "Mormons" in Greensburg was begun in June, 1941, when the missionaries, Elder Verne R. Thomas and Lane A. Compton, under directions of church headquarters, came into town with the purpose of banding some of the people together to form a branch of the church. This work continued until September of 1943, when the elders were withdrawn due to the shortage of missionaries because of the war. Again February 18, 1947, Elders David L. Hanks and Byron R. Babbel took up their duties, and the work was well enough established that on August 15, 1948, the first official meeting was held in the Monterey Room of the Hotel Penn Albert. The first meeting was held under the direction of Elders Dean S. Farnsworth and De Vere E. Walker. The hotel has served as the chief meeting place for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints until the present time. The present missionaries are Elders A. Kelsey Chatfield and Ralph B. Hansen. -113-- 1799 1949 PREFACE The preparation of a record of the activity of the people in Greens- burg over a period of 150 years presented the Editorial Board with some variety of choices. Should the book be encyclopedic in form, with bare outlines and notations of central figures only, or should it be a narration; and if the latter, should it be completely documented and should we lay aside what of legend and tradition is woven into the story, even if these amounted almost to fact, although depending alone on word of mouth or hearsay evidence? To have selected one of the three choices would have been easier; to have combined them as is here done, furnished some problems. In the first place, not to have taken into account individually the churches, and the various active organizations in the town would have been to have neglected the main springs that have made and will make its history. Their histories are, therefore, included in a more or less abridged fashion; for, some standardization is necessary, lest the facile pen of the historian of one organization give more prominence to his than to another, equally deserving, whose chronicler was otherwise busy, perhaps, less ready. As to printing a history with a reference to each statement of fact, it was believed such an enterprise would have been love's labour lost, as the majority of those who will read this book are not scholars, and would have no use for such citations. We believe the facts presented to be true, and are prepared generally to prove them, except when they are clearly indicated to be the suppositions or assumptions of the several authors. This leaves on the subject of choices but one to be explained. An imaginative writer may have absolution, but a dull one, or at least his product, ought to be consigned to the flames. Accordingly, there have been allowed to creep into this book some incidents inseparable from the subject, which cannot be documented but which are, nevertheless, true. Thus, the barroom fight in which a citizen lost the lobe of his ear is as true an incident as Peter's excision of the ear of the High Priest's servant; although it would be impossible probably at this date, to find a cloud of eye-witnesses; for any number of us have observed the muti- lated ear on one of the participants, and his carniverous contender although often confronted with the charge never denied it. So much for our general plan. As to the method of securing the data, it was necessary to proceed by deputy. For instance, Dr. J. Paul Harman was entrusted with the mission of securing the material for the churches, largely gathered from the various ministers and pastors themselves, they preparing the text according to a set standard; and no man ever rode herd on a group the very nature of whose business made it necessary to perform these chores at unpredictable times, than did he; with the result that alone of all of our editors, he met his deadline. The rest of us record this gratefully, if a little enviously. An even more extensive labor was performed by D. L. Yount, Sr., who in addition to his many and varied tasks, and the preparation of an entire section of the book, "Culture in Greensburg", gathered the mater- ial for the various organizations. This section could only have been completed by an editor with the patience of Job. Mrs. Frank Maddocks and Charles F. DeVaux have been indefatig- able and constant researchers who have devoted all of their time for three months, not only to the collection and editing of material gathered, but also to investigation, research and preparation of various articles. Without their steadfast help, this book could not have been published. Mr. DeVaux's section, Education, is believed to be the most complete history of education in Greensburg written, and Mrs. Maddocks' work on population is the first ambitious attempt to gather the data; if it is not adequate, the fault is not hers. It is a pleasure to commend the sections of this book prepared by Robert Mitinger, Sports; Erroll H. Derby, Press and Publishing Houses; W. W. Jamison, Architecture and Calvin E. Pollins, General History of Greensburg. Mr. Mitinger has selected the best and most representative of the sporting trends and teams very wisely; Mr. Derby's treatment of his subject bespeaks him to be a newspaperman of the first order, for he has comprehended a great deal in a few illuminating words; and Mr. Jamison has written of Architecture with an insight that foretells for him a brilliant future in his profession. No words can adequately express our debt to Mr. Pollins for the main story in the book. It is magnificient, sustained writing which only one of complete knowledge of all phases of the changing scene could have produced. 1799 1949 Graveyards and Burial Grounds The oldest deed in point of time for burying grounds in or near the new town was dated March 26, 1789. This deed was from Philip Freeman to the Trustees of the Roman Catholic Congregations although, insofar as the records exist now, the earliest interment was made in the Old German Cemetery which was set up by a deed from Christopher Truby and his wife, to the Trustees of the Lutheran and Calvinist Churches. This deed was dated August 11, 1792. A third graveyard was provided through the gift of General Jack to the Borough and for years was known as the Presbyterian Graveyard which forms part of what is now the Old St. Clair Cemetery (now St. Clair Park.) Unfortunately, sometime about the turn of the 20th Century, when the present parochial school was built, the bodies in the Catholic grave- yard were disintered and were removed to the new Catholic graveyard east of Greensburg. At that time, the historic sense not being as highly developed as at present, no complete record was made of interments. The records, at that time, appear to be completely lost. At any rate, there is no complete roster of burials. To a lessor extent, the same is somewhat true of the Old German Cemetery. Because of the lapse of time, it is impossible to give a complete list of the burials of this historic graveyard although extensive efforts have been made to assemble data. The records in the Old Presbyterian Cemetery, later, the St. Clair Cemetery (now St. Clair Park), are far much more nearly complete. At least, there was a book of burials kept by the officers of the cemetery after its reorganization in 1855. This, however, is far from being complete. The various records are herewith submitted under their appropriate headings and are believed to be as complete as can be furnished at this time. Catholic Graveyard The oldest piece of ground in possession of the Catholic Church of Greensburg is that on which stands the Church of the Most Holy Sacra- ment. This is located on Academy Hill, on the West side of North Main Street and about 100 yards from the Pennsylvania Railroad. It was purchased from Philip Freeman by John Probst, John Young, Patrick Archbold, Simon Ruffner, George Ruffner, trustees of the Roman Catho- lic Church in the town of Greensburg and contained 1 Acre. The con- sideration was five shillings. This transaction is recorded in Deed Book "D", page 91, in the Westmoreland County records and is dated March 26, 1789. The object of the deed was "For the encouraging and promoting of morality, piety and religion in general, and more especially in the Town of Greensburg." The graveyard in connection with the church was used for a great number of years before a Church was built. The first record of burial is that of John Brannon, a Revolutionary Soldier, in 1826. Here also was laid to rest the Egans, Sheridans, John Woods, Alwines, Kehoes, Dugans, McBrides, McCarthys, Fitzpatricks, Hickys, McCollums, McCabes and many others whose names are not now known. It is regretable that the records of burial for this graveyard have been lost. When the present parochial school was built, the bodies in the old graveyard were moved to the new Catholic Cemetery east of Greensburg. -114- 1799 1949 German Cemetery - Greensburg The German burial ground was located on the west side of South Main Street, just south of the West Penn Terminal Station. On the eleventh day of August, 1792, the two German congrega- tions, the Lutherans and Calvinists (or Reformed), met together and elected 12 men as trustees, - Christopher Truby, Henry Hiesly, William Barnhart, Daniel Dorney, John Wensel, Simon Drum, Peter Rough, Philip Kuntz, Dewalt Mechling, Ludwig Oderman, John Peter Miller and William Best, "To purchase ground for a church, or house of public worship, and for a school house and a grave yard, or burial ground, and to build those houses thereon for the use and benefit of the said congre- gations and their successors forever." The Trustees, however, had no need to purchase from Christopher Truby the lower portion of this cemetery for Colonel Truby and his wife gave them 2 Acres 67 perches for burial purposes on February 28, 1795. This fronted on the road and was bounded on the west by Peter Miller's patent line and on the north by lot of Frederick Rohrer, Jr. A church was never built on this land. On the same day in 1795 on which Colonel Truby gave the land for the cemetery, the trustees purchased from him for 4 pounds and 10 shillings, a lot and a half (90 x 100 feet) on the corner of Main and Third streets, on which a log church (said to be the first in Greensburg) was built. In 1815, the adjoining lot was bought and on it the old "Beehive" church was built to house both congregations and used jointly by them until 1881. In order to raise money to build this church, the corner lot was sold to the Reformeds for a parsonage, and this later passed by sale to Paul H. Hacke, son of Reverend Nicholas P. Hacke, and in 1948, almost a century and a hall after the original purchase, it became the property of the First Lutheran Church. Both congregations were large and as the years passed, it was found that more land for a cemetery would be necessary. In the year of 1852, the Lutheran and Reformed congregations ap- pointed Jacob Keihl, Sr., and Benjamin Haines as trustees to purchase an additional acre and 104 perches from the executors of the late John Bierer, Sr. This land adjoined the cemetery of the Lutheran and German congregations, and the consideration was $341.00. The cemetery was used jointly for about 100 years by both congregations. At one time, this was all enclosed by a neat, paling fence with a large double gate opening into the cemetery, although there was no driveway. There were also two gates for pedestrians, one on each side of the main entrance. The lovely big trees that beautified and dis- tinguished this grave yard are remembered by many residents at the present time. A few are still standing near what was the Main Street entrance. After a borough ordinance finally became effective which prohibited the use of this cemetery for burial purposes, it soon fell into a sad state of neglect, being over-run by brambles and briars. The lower section became a camping place for tramps. When this happened, many of the families had the bodies of their loved ones moved to other cemeteries, some to Harrolds, other to Hill- view, Brush Creek, and some to the new St. Clair. The bodies of Christopher Truby and his wife Sabilla, together with that of Reverend Eyster, were placed in the crypt of the Zion's Lutheran Church. Finally, the City, with consent of the owners, cleared the ground and turned it over to the Playgrounds Association who now supervise it as a summer playground for the children. -115-- 1799 DIED AGE 1949 DIED AGE DIED AGE Albright, John Sept. 1, 1870 Mrs. Elizabeth Mar. 29, 1863 Allshouse, Samuel Oct. 4, 1867 Mrs. Esther Feb. 16, 1859 Altman, Mrs. Dinah July 22, 1862 Mrs. Elizabeth Feb. 28, 1880 Peter Apr. 3, 1863 Mrs. Elizabeth July 3, 1848 Elizabeth Aug. 19, 1848 Alwine, John July 2, 1884 Mrs. Anna Feb. 24, 1884 Armbrust, John Feb. 25, 1844 Mrs. Catherine Dec. 13, 1851 Joseph B. Mar. 11, 1857 Armstrong, Andrew J. Sept. 1866 Mrs. Catherine Andre, Mrs. Mary July 17, 1843 Arnold, Leonard Sept. 11, 1867 Avaritt, Mrs. Mary A. Mar. 8, 1843 Backhouse, Eleanor (Bachus) Beer, Henry Sargeant Co. G-4th Pa. Cav. Adam Mar. 27, 1882 Mary R.-wife of Adam June 23, 1879 Mrs. Susannah May 2, 1875 Baker Ruben Co. K. 168th. Pa. Inf. Rev. I. O. P. Dec. 10, 1862 Catherine Apr. 29, 1835 Mrs. Mary G. June 23, 1872 Adam Dec. 26, 1832 Mrs. Maria E. Dec. 27, 1852 Solomon Feb. 23, 1874 Barnhart, John Feb. 14, 1858 Mrs. Elizabeth May 11, 1884 Mary J. Mar. 16, 1875 Beard, Mrs. Isabella Feb. 7, 1886 Bear, Henry June 27, 1862 Mrs. Margaret Feb. 20, 1849 Bell, Thomas Feb. 22, 1855 Bierer, John, Sr. Mar. 30, 1851 Frederick June 7, 1854 Mrs. Margaret July 16, 1847 Mrs. Barbara Mar. 19, 1843 Mrs. Anna Sept. 27, 1830 Brinker, Mrs. Elizabeth Mar. 17, 1860 Bortz, Mrs. Christena Aug. 14, 1834 Henry Apr. 26, 1879 Mrs. Maria Feb. 27, 1864 Michael Nov. 6, 1843 Mrs. Magdalena Mar. 18, 1854 Boyd, Mrs. Susannah Sept. 5, 1852 Bommer, W. B. Mar. 1, 1866 Brauchler, Mrs. Margaret Apr. 6, 1869 Brinker, David No,. 14, 1861 Mrs. Margaret Dec. 7, 1878 Susanna May 19, 1879 Henry Sept. 1, 1852 Butler, Samuel B. Apr. 18, 1863 Abram Co. I, 11th Pa. Inf. Christopher Sept. 15, 1889 68 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 60 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 84 Yrs. 76 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 33 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 42 Yrs. 32 Yrs. 46 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 16 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 91 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 93 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 47 Yrs. 41 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 60 Yrs. 87 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 23 Yrs. 83 Yrs. Clark, Alexander Mrs. Catherine Cribbs, Mrs. Margaret I. Cline, Sadie E. Clough, John Peter Cogley, Samuel Cort, Mrs. Mary Detar, Simon (Moved to Harrolds) Mrs. Maria (Moved to Harrolds) Mrs. Louise C. (Moved to Harrolds) Dunwoody, Rebecca Dunspaugh, Mrs. Anna E. Drum, Esq. Augustus (Moved to St. Clair) Isabella (Moved to St Clair) Simon Jr. (Moved to St. Clair) Agnes-Wife of Simon Jr. (Moved to St. Clair) Simon Sr. (Moved to St. Clair) Susanna-Wife of Simon Sr. (Moved to St. Clair Earnest, Mrs. Lissie Eicher, Peter Mrs. Nancy Mrs. Elizabeth Mary David Elizabeth Eisaman, Michael Henry Sr. Mrs. Christena (Wife of Henry) Cyrus Evans, Thomas H. Everett, Alexander Co. D-67th Reg. Pa. Vol. Peter B. F. Eyster, Rev. Michael (Body Moved to Zion Luth Frable, Daniel K. France, Michael Mrs. Sarah Robert Fess, R., Sr. Mrs. Anna M. Kate Fishell, John L. Fleeger, John Sr. Mrs. Elizabeth Peter, Sr. Mrs. Elizabeth Sept, 2. 1851 32 Yrs. June 30, 1843 22 Yrs. Jan. 22, 1882 21 Yrs. May 14, 1871 21 Yrs. Nov. 27, 1832 74 Yrs. April 12, 1831 26 Yrs. Sept. 23, 1843 34 Yrs. Feb. 2, 1886 82 Yrs. Apr. 5, 1883 58 Yrs. Jan. 18, 1840 22 Yrs. Mar. 31, 1855 43 Yrs. Sept. 18, 1886 43 Yrs. Sept. 17. 1858 43 Yrs. June 28, 1899 June 11, 1852 Nov. 22, 1832 1822 Dec. 3, 1876 Mar. 8, 1819 Aug. 3, 1831 Dec. 15, 1868 Feb. 7, 1822 Nov. 2, 1847 Feb. 28, 1861 Feb. 9, 1857 Nov. 30, 1838 Dec. 24, 1845 June 13, 1867 Nov. 17, 1878 Dec. 25, 1865 Mar. 3, 1881 Nov. 3, 1873 Aug. 11, 1853 eran Church) Nov. 5, 1852 May 14, 1859 Dec. 1843 Apr. 20, 1856 Apr. 18, 1856 Sept. 10, 1845 Dec. 29, 1856 May 18, 1873 Nov. 14, 1859 July 9, 1872 Mar. 7, 1815 Nov. 27, 1824 Fry, George A. Solomon Mrs. Susannah Garvin, Samuel Mrs. Ann R. Gerhard, Weiland Gibson, Mrs. Margaret Gongaware, Mrs. Ellen M Gress, Rebecca Gressman, Daniel Mrs. Annie J. Grissinger, Andrew Mrs. Sarah Gross Mrs. Mary Guy, kichard D. Mrs. Catherine Mrs. Martha James Hacke, Rev. Nicholas P. John L. Mrs. Susan Mrs. Sophia Haines,Mrs. Johanna Hannah M. Hare, Robert Harkins, Mrs. Hettie Hershey, Mary A. Hartzell, Mrs. Esther Hays, William G. Heckler, John A. Heinselman, Mrs. Mary B. Herwick, Mrs. Sarah S. Heyle Mrs. Elizabeth (Wife of Jonathan) Hofman, Mrs. Hettie Hoffman, Christian Mrs. Sarah Horbach, Peter Sr. Houk, Jacob, Sr. Mrs. Magdalena A. Houser, Elizabeth John Hosler, Daniel Hugus, Mrs. Frances Jacob Mrs. Catherine Hutchinson, Joshua-Co. Immel, Henry Mrs. Anna M. Jamison, James Mrs. Mary Mrs. Jane S. Jennings, Mrs. Catherine Jones, Jacob Kern, Joseph Kemp, Mrs. Anna M. Benjamin Mrs. Susanna 78 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 37 Yrs. 30 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 33 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 26 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 44 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 95 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 78 Yrs. Sept. 6, 1872 Mar. 28, 1878 Oct. 27, 1874 Jan. 16, 1866 Mar. 26, 1852 July 14, 1863 Dec. 27, 1862 Feb. 3, 1885 July 31, 1878 Apr. 17, 1866 Jan. 7, 1878 Nov. 21, 1821 Dec. 15, 1827 Jan. 17, 1866 July 26, 1873 Aug. 26, 1873 Dec. 5, 1888 Dec. 29, 1860 Aug. 26, 1878 Feb. 12, 1885 Mar. 11, 1863 July 28, 1828 Aug. 19, 1844 Sept. 8, 1880 July 23, 1842 Oct. 1882 Sept. 28, 1884 Feb. 2, 1829 May 24, 1881 June 10, 1880 Nov. 20, 1843 Dec. 12, 1873 Nov. 22, 1842 Dec. 30, 1853 June 20, 1874 Sept, 5. 1878 June 24, 1812 Dec. 15, 1823 Aug. 21, 1815 Dec. 28, 1803 May 15, 1804 Apr. 6, 1829 Aug. 29, 1848 Jan. 28, 1835 June 9, 1850 G 18th U. S. Inf. May 29, 1884 Nov. 16, 1858 Mar. 25, 1876 Mar. 30, 1869 June 21, 1866 Mar. 5, 1830 Apr. 19, 1880 May 23, 1846 July 24, 1875 Aug. 8, 1879 May 7, 1871 -116-- 35 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 58 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 61 Yrs. 59 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 50 Yrs. 47 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 60 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 65 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 44 Yrs. 59 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 42 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 20 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 38 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 50 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 45 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 1799 DIED AGE Kepple, John Michael Mrs. Dorothy Mrs. Elizabeth Michael J. George Mrs. Elizabeth H Mrs. Mary A. Wife of George Kiehl, Herman R. Daniel Mrs. Margaret S. Mrs. Margaretta King, William H. Eliza Kimmell, Mrs. Mary Kingsworth, Mrs. Isabe!la Kistler, Philip Klingensmith, Joseph Mrs. Anna Mrs. Elizabe George Kline, Daniel Mrs. Mary A. Kreider, Mrs. Ann Cather Kuhns, Susan Philip Mrs. Anna M. John, Sr. Mrs. Elizabeth Wife of John Sr. Joseph H. Mrs. Margaret Joseph B. Kunkle, Jacob Jacob Mrs. Mary John L. Mrs. Ann E. Lantz, David Mrs. Marcia Launtz, Mary Leighty, John Sr. Loughrey, John Mrs. Jane M. Daniel--Co. B, May 8, 1824 Apr. 20, 1846 Mar. 31, 1877 Sept. 27, 1865 Mar. 11, 1889 Apr. 20, 1883 Nov. 28, 1882 Jan. 3, 1881 Aug. 15, 1854 Jan. 6, 1890 Aug. 19, 1836 1852 1852 Sept. 17, 1852 Aug. 30, 1879 Apr. 6, 1835 Feb. 12, 1886 Apr. 25, 1820 th Jan. 18, 1826 Apr. 11, 1857 Sept. 18, 1864 Apr. 14, 1866 ine Sept. 12, 1847 Jan. 6, 1859 June 18, 1822 Jan. 16, 1837 Mar. 28, 1823 Oct. 16, 1830 Nov. 16, 1883 Jan. 8, 1851 Aug. 15, 1859 Aug. 11, 1848 July 2, 1879 June 18, 1881 Sept. 1, 1861 Apr. 18, 1855 Dec. 6, 1865 Mar. 20, 1864 July 25, 1881 Aug. 8, 1834 Oct. 3, 1866 Apr. 12, 1884 11th Pa. Res. Loughner, Nathaniel July 21, 1861 Israel-Co. I 11th Pa. Inf. Daniel B. May 24, 1868 Mrs. Elizabeth July 18, 1883 Lose, Mrs. Catherine Mrs. Sarah Ludwick, John Mrs. Esther S. Magill, Mrs. Elizabeth 61 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 88 Yrs. 58 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 84 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 47 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 61 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 28 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 41 Yrs. 59 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 30 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 26 Yrs. 58 Yrs. 46 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 56 Yrs. Nov. 30, 1835 32 Yrs. Apr. 7, 1835 35 Yrs. Feb. 9, 1864 42 Yrs. July 9, 1869 34 Yrs. June 3, 1875 49 Yrs. 1949 DIED AGE Marchand, Dr. David Mar. 11, 1832 (Moved to St. Clair) Catherine Bonnett Mar. 6, 1867 (Moved to St. Clair-Wife of Dr. David) David Kuhns 1869 (Moved to St. Clair) Maxwell, Mrs. Mary A. Nov. 23, 1884 Mechling, Rev. Jonas Apr. 2, 1868 (Moved to Brush Creek) Mrs. Florenda G. Apr. 23, 1889 (Moved to Brush Creek) Lizzie Oct. 1, 1872 Philip J. Apr. 19, 1847 Mrs. Sophia Apr. 20, 1867 Mrs. Elizabeth Sept. 3, 1859 Cyrus, L. Jan. 12, 1860 Miller, John Aug. 6, 1885 Mrs. Rebecca Aug. 17, 1886 Mrs. Lucinda Sept. 17, 1878 John Mar. 1, 1831 Mrs. Ann M. Nov. 20, 1863 David Feb. 23, 1889 Moritz, David 1804 Motz, Michael Aug. 15, 1840 John Jan. 21, 1835 McCabe, Michael Feb. 28, 1858 Mrs. Sarah Oct. 14, 1853 McCaully, John July 13, 1838 Nancy-Wife of John Apr. 22, 1834 David Dec. 15, 1817 John Dec. 29, 1817 McGowan, Eleanor June 1, 1850 McIntyre, William S. April 1, 1867 "McMillon, Robert Sept. 4, 1843 Neely, Mrs. Mary Jan. 3, 1859 Newhouse, Jacob Dec. 29, 1825 Overly, George Aug. 15, 1875 Peters, Mrs. Savilla A. Aug. 22, 1885 Pifer, George L. Sept. 20, 1860 Mrs. Susanna Feb. 22, 1873 Pittinger, Elizabeth Mar. 19, 1881 Pool, Zachariah Dec. 6 1877 Mrs. Barbara Feb. 25, 1854 Alexander July 15, 1859 John A. Apr. 2, 1871 Mrs. Frederick C. May 26, 1883 Pores, Mrs. Priscilla S. Jan. 9, 1864 Portser, Joshua Feb. 8, 1874 Elizabeth Sept. 27, 1888 (Wife of Joshua-Moved to St. Clair) Jacob C. Sept. 17, 1862 Co. I, 11th Reg. Probst, John Mar. 10, 1860 Randslay, Robert Mar. 2, 1855 Reamer, Mrs. Esther Aug. 30, 1835 Barbara E. May 22, 1863 Reed, James Nov. 1, 1879 George W. July 26, 1882 Robert Aug. 17, 1851 Deborah June 3, 1848 56 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 34 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 86 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 59 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 46 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 58 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 84 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 26 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 74 Yrs. 92 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 61 Yrs. 98 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 37 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 32 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 30 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 26 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 56 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 46 Yrs. 38 Yrs. DIED Rees, Alexander G. Sept. 13, 1888 James-Co. D. 46th Pa. Inf. Reeger, Samuel Jan. 30, 1863 Mrs. Catherine Mar. 26, 1852 Joshua L. Apr. 16, 1861 Sophia C. Apr. 22, 1861 Rice, John Feb. 28, 1878 Mrs. Margaret Nov. 15, 1839 Rohrer, Frederick Sept. 21, 1825 Mrs. Catherine E. Mar. 12, 1829 (Wife bf Frederick) Rowe, Sophia Mar. 8, 1877 Row, Mrs. Anna M. June 4, 1893 George June 28, 1857 Rush, Mrs. Hannah Apr. 18, 1869 Jacob July 29, 1869 Mrs. Elizabeth May 26, 1880 Peter Nov. 4, 1870 Peter Dec. 22, 1828 Mrs. Maria M. Apr. 12, 1831 (Moved to Hillview-Wife of Peter) Jacob July 29, 1869 (Moved to Hillview) Jacob Aug. 31, 1852 (Moved to Hillview) Mrs. Margaret Mar. 16, 1870 (Moved to Hillview) Rumbaugh, Mrs. Sybilla R. Apr. 9, 1878 Ryan, John Nov. 30, 1861 Mrs. Hannah Dec. 2, 1873 Rummell, Mrs. Elizabeth Feb. 4, 1833 Sample. Sarah Aug. 29, 1864 Sandorf, Mrs. Susan Feb. 22, 1834 Sarver, Jonathan, Sr. Sept. 2, 1851 Mrs. Catherine Apr. 27, 1846 (Wife of Jonathan, Sr.) Mrs. Anna M. Apr. 25, 1840 Mrs. Sarah Dec. 5, 1842 Saul, Michael Sept. 22, 1868 Mrs. Magda!ena Nov. 26, 1888 Sauntman, William Jan. 19, 1860 Schlonecker, Michael Feb. 4, 1832 Schuck, John L. Oct. 27, 1864 Amos A. Feb. 26, 1881 Seachrist, Mrs. Sarah Apr. 1, 1854 Seanor, Mrs. Idam W. Apr. 23, 1887 Seyboth, Tobias June 14, 1819 Shaffer, John Frederick Mar. 31, 1847 Frederick Feb. 6, 1830 Margaret Feb. 2, 1816 (Wife of Frederick) Mrs. Leah Jan. 13, 1850 George N. Apr. 4, 1862 Sherbondy, George Dec. 14, 1857 Shuey, John June 6, 1885 Mrs. Sarah A. Jan. 28, 1873 (Wife of John) Mrs. Sarah E. Sept. 1879 Shuster, Edward L. Dec 19, 1873 -117- AGE 72 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 23 Yrs. 89 Yrs. 43 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 86 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 56 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 91 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 20 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 23 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 95 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 28 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 91 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 1799 DIED AGE 1949 DIED AGE DIED AGE Shuft, John F. Apr. 18, 1865 Mrs. Ldia Aug. 4, 1876 Silvius, Nicholas Dec. 18, 1802 Catherine Dec. , 1808 (Wife of Nicholas) John 1831 Anna Marie No Data Simpson, Mrs. Anna M. Apr. 13, 1846 Mrs. Clementine May 4, 1852! Sindorf, Sarah June 1, 1877 Amos--Dick's mnd. Co. Pa. Cay.) Singer, Simon Apr. 15, 1829 Julia Aug. 28, 1870 Julia A. June 18, 1871 Small, George -Apr. 6, 1891 Mrs. Christena Jan. 17, 1890 Peter Nov. 17, 1845 Mrs. Sophia Mar. 18, 1849 (Wife of Peter) Smith, Cordelia May 18, 1855 Mrs. Hannah Apr. 1, 1866 Mrs. Catherine Nov. 5, 1866 Samuel Apr. 16, 1876 John Apr. 16, 1868 Mrs. Parmelia Nov. 14, 1888 Mrs. Mary Mya 31, 1874 Barbara June 23, 1865 Smeltzer, Jacob Mar. 22, 1843 Mrs. Catherine Nov. 4, 1844 (Wife of Jacob) Stark, J. A. Jan. 7, 1874 Mrs. Charlotte H. Aug. 17, 1872 Gostlieb June 6, 1879 Mrs. Mary A. Sept. 5, 1851 William G. Dec. 4, 1866 Louise June 3, 1857 Sowash, Susanna Oct. 28, 1868 Steck, Rev. John M. July 14, 1830 Mrs. Esther (Wife of John) May 6, 1846 Rev. Michael John Sept. 1, 1848 Catherine Nov. 18, 1868 (Wife of Michael) Steelsmith, Jacob May 18, 1865 Solliday, Jonas Oct. 5, 1851 Stevens Mrs. Hettie Apr. 13, 1874 Stout, '$1/illiarn-Sergeans Co. -11lth Pa. Inf. 66 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 65 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 5 Yrs. 6 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 88 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 90 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 65 Yrs. 34 Yin. 6 Yin. 43 Yrs. 18 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 74 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 6 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 86 Yrs. 74 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 4 Yrs. Stouffer, Mrs. Esther Mrs. Sophia Story, Mrs. Ellen Straw, Michael Stump, Johathan Sarah Elizabeth Christian Mrs. Catherine Christian Snyder, Philip Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas, John Sr. Mrs. Catherine John A. Jacob N. Truby, Col. Christopher (Moved so Zion Lutheran Mrs. Isabella (Wife of Christopher) Truxel, Michael J. Henry Mrs. Juliann Malissa R. Turney, Daniel Margaret Miller (Wife of Daniel) Philip Jacob Esa. Mrs. Jane H. Uber, John Mrs. Sarah Uncapher, Mrs. Sarah E. Israel Wlter, Mrs. Barbara Waner, Mrs. Caroline Walthour, P. J. Mrs. Elizabeth Walter, Joseph Weaver, Jacob Abraham Mrs. Susannah Mrs. Anna M. (Wife of Rev. Wn.) July 30, 1865 May 15, 1888 Oct. 6, 1857 Nov. 22, 1840 Dec. 13, 1876 Dec. 10, 1871 Dec. 18, 1871 Dec. 8, 1842 Oct. 1847 Dec. 8, 1812 Aug. 31, 1867 Mar. 17, 1878 Dec. 18, 1881 Feb. 7, 1886 Dec. 3, 1885 Jan. 20, 1876 Feb. 20, 1802 Church) Aug. 24, 1801 Oct. 31, 1856- June 23, 1863 Feb. 3, 1864 Nov. 6, 1877 1803 1829 July 28, 1840 Jan. 6, 1827 Mar. 11, 1850 Apr. 4, 1858 Sept. 3, 1884 July 7, 1851 Nlo Dta Aug. 4, 1852 Mar. 31, 1881 Dec. 4, 1859 July 17, 1878 Jan. , 1874 Oct. 28, 1854 Aug. 3, 1846 Aug. 31, 1870 Jan. 1, 1832 69 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 65 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 60 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 38 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 5 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 46 Yrs: 32 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 94 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 90 Yn. 19 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 45 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 44 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 70 Yrs. Weinman, Jacob, Sr. Mrs. Margaret Augustus Andrew Welty, Henry, Sr. William Mrs. Catherine David Wentling, Mrs. Elizabeth Wengert, Peter Wingert, Mrs. Louisa Mrs. Sarah G. Mrs. Caroline Weandt, John David White, David Mrs. Elizabeth Wibe, Mrs. Mary Mrs. Mary Williams, Thomas, Jr. Robert Mrs. Agnes (Wife of Robert) James B. Robert Jr. Mary Elizabeth S. Daniel Mrs. Mary M. Thomas, Sr. Catherine Daniel Joseph William Wimer, Mrs. Matilda A. Wise, Henry Barbara--Wife of Henry Gen. John H. Zimmerman, George Catherine Peter B. Mrs. Catherine Jacob Mrs. Magdalena Ruben Mrs. Susannah -118- May 7, 1866 Apr. 12, 1869 Oct. 30, 1888 June 9, 1866 June 4, 1841 May 1, 1875 July 28, 1839 June 3, 1835 July 16, 1874 Oct. 4, 1890 Oct. 6, 1865 Oc. 28, 1875 Apr. 5, 1883 Feb. 6, 1858 Jan. 2, 1876 Aug. 10, 1865 Aug. 7, 1887 Oct. 15, 1837 June , 1850 June 22, 1814 May 18, 187 May 14, 1864 July 18, 1850 Dec. 1, 1848 Oct. 31, 1884 May 28, 1856 Apr. 27, 1803 Apr. 7, 1827 Sept. 7, 1819 Feb. 14,1837 Mar. 15, 1870 Apr. 8, 1877 Nov. 15, 1858 June 4, 1874 May 10, 1831 Sept. 19, 1833 May 13, 1833 Mar. 18, 1858 May 30, 1854 Sept. 2, 1849 May 15, 1833 Dec. , 1843 Oct. 12, 1828 Mar. 15, 1880 July 31, 1871 82 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 43 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 33 Yrs. 90 Yrs. 81 Yrs 59 Yrs. 28 Yrs. 38 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 42 Yrs. 34 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 60 Yes. 21 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 33 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 30 Yrs. 56 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 76 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 95 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 65 Yrs. 41 Yrs. 61 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 1799 1949 St. Clair Cemetery In 1803 General William Jack granted to the Borough of Greensburg, by deed of donation (recorded in deed book No. 7, pages 107-108 of the records of Westmoreland County, dated April 18, 1803,) for a lot of ground containing 131 perches, as a place of burial for the dead. After a description of the bounds and quantity of ground conveyed, the deed recites the object of the grant in the following words: "To have and to hold the said described lot to the Burgesses and inhabitants to and for the use of them and their successors forever, to erect thereon, as soon as convenient, a house for the public worship of Almighty God, the administration of the Sacraments of the Christian religion, and preaching from the sound Scriptures of truth, no less than sixty feet square to be set apart as a site on the southwesterly part of the said lot for the said house of worship and the ground adjoining, and the residue of the said lot for a place of burial of the dead". The Presbyterians, with the consent of the other inhabitants, erected upon the first mentioned plot a meeting house, and thus the burial ground received the name of the Presbyterian graveyard. This was not fenced and fell into a very neglected condition. Some years later the Presbyterians erected another church on land they had at the south end of town. The coming of the railroad, which was at the northern limit of the graveyard, circumscribed it, and due to failure to continue to bury there the cemetery fell into a very bad state of disrepair. In 1855, a corporation was formed to remedy this condition and the name was changed to the St. Clair Cemetery. On August 5, 1889 an Ordinance was passed by Greensburg Borough Council prohibiting any interment within the Borough limits after October 1, 1890. There was considerable opposition to this ordinance. The time was afterwards extended for a short time. After burial was discontinued, many of the bodies were transferred to the new St. Clair Cemetery east of Greensburg. An effort has been made to make as complete a list as possible of those buried there from what records are now available. DIED Abercromby, Mrs. Jane May 16, 1880 Agnew, Mrs. Alice G. July 29,1868 John, Sr. June 12, 1857 John Jr. May 24, 1871 Mrs. Mary Aug. 23, 1843 Albright, Michael Dec. 8, 1883 Elizabeth Sept. 20, 1885 (Wife of Michael) Alexander, Maj. John B. 1840 Mrs. Sidney (Moved to St. Clair)-No Anderson, John, Co. K-53rd P.V. Armstrong, John June 11, 1866 Lois (Wife of James) July 8, 1824 Atkinson, Elizabeth Feb. 26, 1879 Baird, Solomon, Co I-11th, Pa. Inf. Barclay, John Y. Feb. 18, 1841 Isabella Feb. 4, 1841 (Wife of John Y.) Miss Isabella Oct. 19, 1855 Barkes, Isaac-Co. G, Pa. Inf. Baughman, Mrs. Sarah A. Mar. 13, 1884 Beckwith, James S. Jan. 11, 1871 Berger, Nathan Jan. 20, 1860 AGE 65 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 74 Yrs. 75 Yrs. data 77 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 42 Yrs. 41 Yrs. 16 Yrs. 61 Yrs. 37 Yrs. DIED Berlin, William Aug. 13, 1878 Mrs. Martha May 2, 1885 Robert Mar. 14, 1881 Bierer, Priscilla (Wife of Dr. F. C.) Jan. 1, 1864 Biggert, James Sr. Nov. 15, 1883 James, Jr. Aug. 2, 1865 Mrs. James Jr. Apr. 8, 1863 Mrs. Julia June 27, 1883 Bisel, George W. April 20, 1870 Bissell, Mrs. Sarah W. June 6, 1883 Black, John, Esq. May 24, 1832 Wm. Findley July 2, 1834 Mrs. Mary Aug. 18, 1855 Robert July 2, 1881 Boyd, Mrs. Elizabeth M. Oct. 9, 1880 Anna John K. May 5, 1861 David Oct. 4, 1828 Brady, Hugh Nov. 4, 1868 Ann (Wife of Hugh) Oct. 25, 1861 James May 2, 1829 Hon. James May 11, 1839 Mrs. Rachel Mar. 12, 1831 AGE 59 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 20 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 30 Yrs. 76 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 26 Yrs. 46 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 40 Yrs. 28 Yrs. 45 Yrs. 28 Yrs. 88 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 76 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 68 Yrs. DIED Brown Margaret, June 22, 1831 (Wife of James, Sr.) Wm. Feb. 6, 1853 Dr. Samuel P. 1860 Robert Feb. 6, 1853 Robert Sr. Nov. 17, 1849 Wm. S. 1876 Lydia (Wife of Wm.) Oct. 21, 1829 Anna (Wife of Robert) Aug. 3, 1840 Burkhart, Jacob S. Oct. 6, 1876 Campbell, Dr. T. Ferguson May 16, 1869 Robert, May 13, 1840 Dr. Thomas F. July 7, 1840 Mrs. Lavina June 6, 1886 Carpenter, Samuel L. Nov. 9, 1876 Canders, Marcus, A. May 19, 1885 Clarke, John Sept. 13, 1842 Clarke, Mrs. Susan Aug. 4, 1879 Cline, Catherine A. July 18, 1891 D. J. Feb. 24, 1878 Clopper, Edward N. No data W. A. Dec. 14, 1824 College, J. B.-Co. A, 155th Pa. Inf. -119- AGE 56 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 59 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 18 Yrs. 30 Yrs. 74 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 76 Yrs. 41 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 6 Yrs. Coulter, Eli Apr. 18, 1830 Mrs. Priscilla July 15, 1826 (Wife of Eli) Richard Apr. 20, 1852 Mrs. Rebecca Aug. 7, 1854 (Wife of Eli) Henry Jane E. Feb. 17, 1847 Cowan, Hon. Edgar Aug. 29, 1885 (Moved to St. Clair) Mrs. Harriet Mar. 8, 1873 Coy, Mary R. 1849 Craig, James Apr. 26, 1860 Moses Oct. 25, 1842 Ann (McKinney) Apr. 26, 1871 (Wife of Moses) Susan E. Nov. 3, 1874 Cust, John (Moved to St. Clair) Feb. 14, 1823 Denholm John F. Sept. 19, 1840 Dixon, Wm. Mar. 8, 1882 Mrs. Anna E. June 29, 1867 Alexander Mck. June 22, 1886 Dobbin, James Mar. 13, 1837 Doebler, Harry Oct. 7, 1859 Edwards, J. B. Mar. 3, 1867 Eicher, John G. Nov. 19, 1865 Elliott, J. D.-Co. E, 105th. Pa. Inf. Samuel Oct. 11, 1879 Hannah July 14, 1880 Faight, John-Co. A, 155th. Pa. Inf. Fisher, Dr. Eli A. Nov. 18, 1874 Forrest Mrs. Margaret F. Nov. 10, 1865 Foster, Alexander W. No Data Mrs. Jane H. Mar 17, 1826 Henry D. 1880 (Moved to St. Clair) Elizabeth Freame June 22, 1842 Frances, James G. Sept. 8, 1880 Fulton, Andrew M. No Data Mrs. Sallie C. No Data Gay, Capt. Edward H. Mar. 12, 1864 Gemmell, James Apr. 8, 1854 Mrs. Nancy Apr. 12, 1867 Mrs. Elizabeth Aug. 29, 1851 Nancy Apr. 19, 1846 Gemmill, Thomas July 16, 1845 Elizabeth Aug. 29, 1851 (Wife of Thomas) Thomas J. Nov. 13, 1853 Gilchrist, Catherine Feb. 2, 1850 David, Sr. Mar. 28, 1858 (Wife of David) Mar. 10, 1872 James June 15, 1817 John Sept. 13, 1870 John July 30, 1864 Thomas, Sr. No Data Thomas Sept. 7, 1822 Gilleland, James G. Oct. 16, 1875 Gilmore, Mrs. Mary E. Nov. 10, 1881 Goodlin, James Aug. 15, 1850 Lt. Jas. W. Dec. 15, 1862 (11th Pa. Vols.) Jane (Wife of James) Mar. 14, 1851 Graham, Jane (Wife of Wm. S.) Sept. 18, 1868 John M. No Data Wm. S. Feb. 21, 1815 Green, Rachel June 11, 1858 Glunt, Mrs. Kate H. Sept. 10, 1886 Haney, William Mar.17, 1805 Harrison, Henry Richard Mar. 4, 1823 39 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 37 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 44 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 32 Yrs. 61 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 57 Yrs. 46 Yrs. 43 Yrs. 43 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 87 Yrs. 36 Yrs. 22 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 58 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 60 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 2 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 89 Yrs. 60 Yrs. 50 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 42 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 30 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 28 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 60 Yrs 46 Yrs. 1949 DIED AGE Harvey, James Esq. Dec. 29, 1842 Haslett, George H. July 2, 1844 Hasson, Dr. John May 10, 1872 Hastings, Mrs. Sarah July 2,. 1844 Hawk, Mrs. Mary E. Jan. 27, 1861 Hazlett, James J. June 3, 1887 Henry, Jane Elliott, Dec. 11, 1836 Rev. Robert No.v 1, 1838 (Brother-in-law of Pres. Buchanan) Herwicks, Joseph June 15, 1832 Hickey, John (Co. K 6th. N. J. Vol.) Hill, John Dec. 9, 1822 Ann (Wife of John) July 27, 1823 Hood, William Jan. 28, 1835 Hubbard, Samuel Nov. 6, 1857 Huff, John Nov. 16, 1847 Rebecca (Wife of John) Aug. 10, 1873 Hunter, James Oct. 3, 1832 Peggy Jane June 30, 1845 Huston, Dr. John M. Dec. 1, 1863 Mrs. Susanah June 22, 1883 Hutchinson, Robert Sept. 17, 1879 Isett, Henry Dec. 17, 1818 Frances (Wife of Henry) Apr. 9, 1839 Jane Sept. 20, 1820 Jack, Hon. Wm. Feb. 28, 1850 (Moved to St. Clair) Mrs. Harriet Jan. 20, 1879 (Wife of Hon. Wm.) Mrs. Margaret May 3, 1818 Matthew Nov. 20, 1843 Henry Jan. 21, 1837 Wilson Oct. 29, 1852 Judge Wm. Feb. 7, 1821 Samuel (Moved to St. Clair) Mar. 16, 1814 Jackson, Richard April 25, 1826 Jane (Wife of Richard) Feb. 22, 1875 George A. Sept. 11, 1852 Jamison, Francis Apr. 18, 1846 Mrs. Eliza J. Oct. 11, 1865 Frances Apr. 18, 1846 Mrs. Hannah Apr. 10, 1861 Johnston, Mrs. Elizabeth June 22, 1842 Capt. Alexander July 8, 1845 Lieut. Richard H. L. Sept. 8, 1847 (U.S. Army, killed at Molino, del Rey, Mexico) Alexander July 15, 1872 Mrs. Elizabeth Mar. 22, 1863 (Wife of Alexander) Andrew Feb. 13, 1858 James May 10, 1885 Jordan, William W. Mar. 15, 1832 Karns, Mrs. Aggie S. June 4, 1882 Keenan, Edward J. June 1, 1877 Isabella A. Jan. 13, 1877 Kettering, Mrs. Annie E. April 18, 1881 Kennedy, Mary Jane July 18, 1819 (Wife of Isaac) Kilgore Sarah A. Watt July 4, 1875 (Wife of Daniel R.) King, Dr. Alfred Jan. 2, 1858 Sidney (Wife of Dr. Alfred) Kingshorn, James Apr. 7, 1850 Kistler, Daniel Dec. 26, 1870 Capt. Daniel, Jr. Sept. 25, 1862 (Died of wounds at Antietam) Mrs. Sarah A. May 30, 1864 DIED AGE 40 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 8 Mos. 37 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 60 Yrs. 2 Yrs. 45 Yrs. 46 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 55 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 15 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 65 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 99 Yrs. 53 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 35 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 79 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 43 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 36 Yrs. Kuhns, John Sr. June 8, 1868 Susanna (Wife of John Sr.) June 1, 1870 Kunkle, Joseph Jan. 23, 1879 Mrs. Margaret M. Apr. 19, 1885 Mrs. Rebecca E. Dec. 8, 1882 Laird, Rebecca (Wife of John M.) July 5, 1874 Latta, Mrs. Emma A. Aug. 13, 1876 Lindsay, George F. Sept. 14, 1864 Hugh May 31, 1879 Jane (Wife of Hugh) Feb. 19, 1878 Mary Elizabeth Aug. 10, 1851 James Dec. 13, 1854 Logan, Dr. Samuel Mar. 19, 1872 Loor, Emily John May 28, 1866 Loucks, Alice V. Oct. 15, 1860 John M. Jan. 21, 1853 Loughrey John Dec. 3, 1876 Louther, Mary June 5, 1852 Lowry, Andrew Apr. 7, 1864 Margaret N. June 7, 1867 Jane (Wife of James) Mar. 22, 1845 McAskey, James June 5, 1802 McBryar, David D. Dec. 3, 1850 McClelland, John Aug. 16, 1846 Mrs. Catherine Nov. 7, 1839 John, Jr. Feb. 22, 1855 Isabella June 15, 1853 Kate E. Feb. 20, 1873 McCutcheon, Nancy Mar. 14, 1857 James S. Feb. 28, 1851 Samuel Mar. 25, 1851 McCullough, John Feb. 3, 1884 Mrs. Elizabeth C. Dec. 18, 1882 Elizabeth July 12, 1876 McCurdy, Mrs. Jane B. Feb. 28, 1886 McDowell, Mary 1818 (Wife of Dr. John) McFarland, James Jan. 14, 1860 Martha Apr. 20, 1865 (Wife of James) McGiven, J. Milton Oct. 27, 1863 (Battery F, 1st. Pa. Art.) McGinley, William Aug. 2, 1877 McIntyre, John 1823 Catherine H. 1855 Jennie M. Apr. 10, 1859 McKenery, Mrs. Mary J. July 18, 1849 McKinney, Alexander Oct. 14, 1827 Mary Sept. 22, 1828 (Wife of Alexander) Agnes Dec. 29, 1814 Barbara J. Nov. 5, 1835 Mrs. Sarah R. Apr. 19, 1849 Isabella May 27, 1850 Mary Jane July 18 McLaughlin, Adam Dec. 27, 1841 James M. Mar. 30, 1848 Robert Sept. 4, 1830 McLean, Alexander May 20, 1849 McWilliams, Mrs. Elizabeth June 30, 1846 */ife of Dr. James) McOuaide, John D. Dec. 16, 1890 Mayberry, Mary Aug. 2, 1851 Meckling, B. F. Mar. 9, 1864 Mrs. Mary Mar. 1, 1863 Mershon, Mrs. Deborah Apr. 18, 1831 Meyers, Mrs. Lavina Aug. 21, 1873 67 Yrs. 45 Yrs. 33 Yrs. 76 Yrs. 41 Yrs. 42 Yrs. -120- 1799 DIED AGE 80 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 78 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 43 Yrs. 34 Yrs. 28 Yrs. 80 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 9 Yrs. 8 Yrs. 42 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 45 Yrs. 47 Yrs. 26 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 42 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 92 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 37 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 23 Yrs. 62 Yrs. 32 Yrs. 82 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 81 Yrs. 70 Yrs. 19 Yrs. 63 Yrs. 87 Yrs. 89 Yrs. 21 Yrs 36 Yrs. 71 Yrs. 58 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 24 Yrs. 1 Yr. 36 Yrs. 84 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 1 Yr. 7 Yrs. 67 Yrs. 56 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 29 Yrs. 20 Yrs. 56 Yrs. 34 Yrs. 1799 Miller, Jacob M. Mrs. Christena H. James Agnes (Wife of James) Moore, Agnes (Wife of Wm.) James Mrs. Susannah M. John Florinda (Wife of Wm.) William Sarah A. Alexander Rebecca Morris, John C. Morrison, Samuel Eliza Matilda John Mrs. Rebecca (Wife of John) Dr. John William Elizabeth (Wife of Wm.) Morrow, Alexander Neely, W. J. Newinsham, Charlotte Nelson, Mrs. Amanda Swen Nichols, John Sr. Mrs. Jane North, Mrs. Rebecca Ormsby, James C. Mary G. Patchel, George Patchell, Sarah (Wife of George) Porter, John F. Postlewaite, Dr. James Elizabeth. (Wife of Dr. James) Potts, John Rainear, Emma K. Ralston, Lot Company H, 11th Pa. Ramsey, Joseph C. William E. Jane Wife of Wm.) Joseph C. Grace C. Jane John DIED AGE June 17, 1878 73 Yrs. Oct. 3, 1885 56 Yrs. Jan. 20, 1859 66 Yrs. Nov. 25. 1862 67 Yrs. July 4, 1848 70 Yrs. Dec. 19, 1888 79 Yrs. Feb. 8, 1889 58 Yrs. Aug. 5, 1873 75 Yrs. Mar. 29, 1876 55 Yrs. Feb. 22, 1846 81 Yrs. Aug. 29, 1883 46 Yrs. Sept. 2, 1881 81 Yrs. Dec. 13, 1840 26 Yrs. Jan 7, 1836 22 Yrs. No Data June 4, 1846 40 Yrs. Aug. 24, 1827 5 Yrs. Jan. 27, 1821 71 Yrs. July 14, 1854 87 Yrs. Aug. 4, 1869 71 Yrs. Mar. 18, 1871 87 Yrs. June 4, 1836 42 Yrs. Apr. 12, 1817 2 Yrs. Oct. 5, 1845 6 Yrs. June 17, 1834 20 Yrs. Jan. 22, 1888 40 Yrs. Aug. 26, 1891 33 Yrs. May 10, 1842 79 Yrs. 84 Yrs. 1829 34 Yrs. Oct. 31, 1848 11 Mos. Seot. 24, 1848 2 Yrs. Dec. 29, 1863 66 Yrs. July 11, 1861 74 Yrs. Mar. 12, 1826 10 Mos. Nov. 17, 1842 67 Yrs. Apr. 19, 1885 53 Yrs. Apr. 19, 1885 53 Yrs. Aug. 8, 1884 24 Yrs. Res. Apr. 8, 1832 16 Yrs. May 2, 1816 60 Yrs. Oct. 15, 1849 76 Yrs. May 1835 9 Mos. Nov. 14, 1838 2 Yrs. Oct. 15, 1849 72 Yrs. Oct. 26, 1839 26 Yrs. 1949 DIED AGE Reed, Elizabeth (Wife of John) Richardson, Dr. T. Mary (Wife of Dr. T.) Wm. H. Ringer, Mrs. Salina E. Robinson, William Rohrer, Sarah F. Ross, Alexander Elizabeth (Wife of Alexander) Mrs. Ann Emma J. Rouse, Wiley Ruff, John. Mrs. Rebecca Rush, Henry Russell, Mrs. Russell, Samuel M. Joseph St. Clair, Maj. Gen. Arthur Mrs. Phoebe Bayard Scott, Hezekiah P. Sheerer, Mrs. Rena Shryock, Mary David M. D. Samuel Lizzie M. John D. Mrs. Martha D. Slattery, Rev. George Smalley Shink of Ohio Smith, Joseph H. Rev. Joseph, D.D. Margaret (Wife of Mai. James) Nannie L. Steel, Joseph Snyder, Elizabeth Storey, Alexander Mrs. Margaret Stewart, A. A. Story, Richard K. Elizabeth James F. Stout, Jemima (Wife of James) Taylor, Catherine T. Elizabeth S. William 1816 Nov. 23, 1862 Oct. 27, 1872 Dec. 25, 1859 Aug. 28, 1889 May 31, 1884 Dec. 8, 1844 May 3, 1873 May 10, 1846 July 12, 1888 Sept. 7, 1877 May 8, 1833 Nov. 16, 1847 Aug. 10, 1873 May 14, 1868 No Data June 25, 1842 May 27, 1844 Aug. 31, 1818 Sept. 18, 1818 Mar. 1, 1852 Aug. 1, 1880 Oct. 1, May 3, 1851 June 28, 1876 July 25, 1875 Oct. 8, 1871 Mar. 25, 1872 Sept. 22, 1872 July 17, 1890 Mar. 4, 1889 Dec. 4, 1868 Aug. 1825 May 13, 1882 Oct. 1824 Mar. 10, 1872 June 11, 1851 Oct. 28, 1848 July 3, 1881 Aug. 12, 1850 Feb. 6, 1845 Aug. 22, 1873 Dec. 6, 1822 Feb. 21, 1841 July 29, 1842 May 15, 1853 56 Yrs. 69 Yrs. 64 Yrs. 34 Yrs. 66 Yrs. 48 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 77 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 45 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 73 Yrs. 43 Yrs. 41 Yrs. 84 Yrs. 75 Yrs. 27 Yrs. 1 Yr. 22 Yrs. 23 Yrs. 25 Yrs. 52 Yrs. 51 Yrs. 68 Yrs. 49 Yrs. 72 Yrs. 88 Yrs. 21 Yrs. 39 Yrs. 89 Yrs. 85 Yrs. 83 Yrs. 54 Yrs. 10 Mos. 43 Yrs. 31 Yrs. 34 Yrs. 2 Yrs. 32 Yrs. DIED AGE Temple Mrs. Elizabeth Sept. 18, 1863 83 Yrs. Terry, Capt. W. R. June 22, 1875 52 Yrs. Tinsman, Mrs. Mary Feb. 11, 1870 - 57 Yrs. Thompson, James June 25, 1859 79 Yrs. Eleanor, Oct. 18, 1853 67 Yrs. (Wife of James) James Apr. 7, 1831 48 Yrs. Todd, James (Moved to St. C air) Sept. 3, 1863 77 Yrs. David S. Apr. 26, 1848 (Moved to St. Clair) Trauger, A. C. July 26, 1888 42 Yrs. Mrs. Martha No Data Truxal, Mrs. Harriet Feb. 24, 1872 . 60 Yrs. Wark, Robert Apr. 27, 1832 80 Yrs. Walker, John June 3, 1851 30 Yrs. Wilson, Hugh Apr. 30, 1861 73 Yrs. Webb, Arthur 1852 39 Yrs. Mrs. Mary A. 1852 37 Yrs. Arthur G. 1852 4 Mos. Welty, Elizabeth Catherine Feb. 20, 1844 12 Yrs. Mrs. Nancy Nov. 17, 1834 27 Yrs. Hannah Apr. 4, 1878 78 Yrs. Henry Aug. 31, 1939 12 Yrs. James B. Aug. 30, 1823 6 Mos. Jacob Apr. 30, 1864 73 Yrs. Mrs. Jane (Wife of Jacob) Dec. 26, 1873 79 Yrs. James B. Jan. 27, 1880 50 Yrs. Daniel May 31, 1882 60 Yrs. Elizabeth Dec. 26, 1825 22 Yrs. (Wife of Henry, Jr.) White, Mrs. Elizabeth Oct. 16, 1883 73 Yrs. Mrs. Susan July 15. 1871 30 Yrs. Williams, Mrs. Jane A. Mar. 17, 1880 80 Yrs. Nathan Nov. 2, 1830 72 Yrs. Mrs. Elizabeth Feb. 23, 1842 74 Yrs. Wilson, Rachel Jan. 12, 1874 93 Yrs. Woods, Elizabeth Forrester Young 39 Yrs. Underwood, Morrison Feb. 25, 1885 90 Yrs. Ann Aug. 2, 1876 76 Yrs. (Wife of Morrison and daughter of Peter Gay) Youngs, Judge John or Oct. 6, 1840 78 Yrs. Hon. John Young Forrester) (Moved to St. Clair) Maria Barclay 1811 38 Yrs. (Wife of Judge John) Statira Barclay After 1840 (Wife of Judge John) Samuel (Company B-101 Pa. Inf.) -121- 1799 1949 The Cultural Life of Greensburg To write a cultural history of Greensburg, Pennsylvania, is to write of known and unknown influences reaching from the visible, tangible world to the unfathomed recesses of the human spirit. Being a product of evolution, the lines of Greensburg culture, in common with all types of human culture, radiate to form a periphery contacting all the arts and sciences-the sum total of human experiences beyond computation or evaluation. As the intricate root system of the ancient oak penetrates in every direction beneath the surface of the ground, and the limbs and twigs extend their hungry leaves for nutriment to build the expanding body of the tree, so does culture feed and grow in the ever-changing experiences of the race. The word "culture" in this treatise is not restricted to the esthetic arts of music, painting, sculpture and poetry, although these noble arts will receive due recognition as they articulate in the growing culture of Greensburg. It is preferable to begin this account at the time when human culture first took root in the awakening minds of men, following its growth through centuries of struggle to modern times, marking at least the more important conditions that produced not only the City of Greensburg, but many other towns of comparable back-ground, size and environment. It should be emphasized, however, that Greensburg, like every commun- ity, is distinguished by the presence of outstanding personalities and unusual events in its history which endear its name to the people who call Greensburg their home town. It would seem as natural for a town to have a distinct personality-its own color and atmosphere-as indi- viduals of whom it is said no two are identical in disposition, ability and character. The first settlers in the Greensburg area were principally Scotch- Irish and German. Later came other races,-Irish, Swedes, Italians, Greeks and Slavonic peoples-so that now we have a composite popu- lation forming another race we proudly call American; which, under a democratic form of government, has reached the highest standard of living in the history of civilization, and in which enterprise, the City of Greensburg has had a marked place in this busiest industrial section of America. Since American culture is derived originally from that brought to this country by the colonists, a review of the principal influences of European culture is pertinent to an understanding and appreciation of our culture. In a more lengthy discussion of the evolution of human culture, it would be well to begin with the earliest civilizations, through the Athenian, Carthagenian and Roman empires; through the vicissi- tudes of Western Europe after the barbarian invasion and dissolution of the Roman empire and through the rise of the five great medieval powers, Spain, Portugal, France, Holland and England. All these had a share in building American culture, but for the purpose of this article, we begin with British participation since it was predominant in forming the culture of America and, even in this strongly German-settled area, was effective in establishing English law, language and customs in competition with the German element. The distinctiveness of English culture in the homeland was due principally to the insularity of the country. The English Channel formed a barrier that protected England from invasion, and permitted her to develop her mode of life independently. To protect her shores, she spent her money to build ships, to engage in commerce, in exploration, and in the founding of colonies, so that eventually, she carried her culture to continents and islands all over the world. At home, being free of the bickerings of the many little states on the mainland, the English had incentive and opportunity to develop the basis of democratic culture which ultimately reached fruition in the standards of American life as we know it largely today. In spite of the predominance of the Scotch- Irish (who represented the English element in the Greensburg district) in the legal profession, government and business, the German influence was probably equal, if not superior, in religious influence and agricultural pursuits. The Scotch-Irish settlements were mostly north and northeast of Greensburg; the German to the west. A description of Greensburg as late as 1840 by Sherman Day in his book, "From Pennsylvania Historical Recollections" follows: "Greens- burg was laid out not long after the burning of Hannastown. Incor- porated as a borough February, 1799. The original owners of the place were General William Jack and Colonel Christopher Truby. The vener- able Mr. McClellan, still living, about 90 years old, Judge Lobengier and Dr. Postlewaite were early settlers in the town and vicinity. "Greensburg has been one of those tranquil places which furnish little of historic incident. Its growth has been gradual, corresponding to the progress of the surrounding agricultural region; having no manu- facturing facilities, and in mercantile business, obliged to compete with a number of smaller towns, it will probably not increase with great rapidity. Population in 1840, 800." -122- 1799 Taken from near the Big Spring, North of Turnpike about 1/2 mile west of Town. It can be seen from this as well as other accounts that Greensburg was an unpretentious settlement. Even as late as 1880, the population of Greensburg proper was 2,500. In the census of 1940, Greater Greens- burg had a population of 22,743, while the population at present (1949) is probably under 30,000. When the foregoing description of Greensburg was written, the vast riches in gas and coal lay undeveloped. The wonders of transporta- tion, commerce and industry had not yet transformed the sleepy little village into the modern enterprising city of today. Among the several professions which beneficially affected the cultural growth of early Greensburg was that of the school teacher. Balthaser Meyer taught school and acted as lay pastor in the performance of the sacrament of baptism in the Harrold district, two and one-half miles west of Greensburg, from February 13, 1772 to June 4, 1792. Meyer has left a well-kept record of his ministrations in beautiful hand-script which has been of much service in tracing the geneaology of the early days in the Greensburg district. Karl Scheibler taught in Greensburg following the Revolutionary War, and followed Meyer as teacher at Harrold's. Other teachers of that early day were John Michael Zundel from 1810 on for an undetermined period, George Bushyager prior to 1782, and James McLean, who conducted a "Grammar and Latin School" at or adjoining the Borough of Greensburg. The "Commons", after- wards a part of the old St. Clair Cemetery (now a city park), was part of a piece of land conveyed by deed dated April 18, 1803, for the purpose of a burial ground, a house of worship and a school. (Here was erected the first Presbyterian Church which, with the Old Bee Hive, the com- bined Lutheran and Reformed church, had much to do with shaping the religious aspect of cultural life in Greensburg. Albert Bell, noted Greensburg attorney now in his ninetieth year, in his "Memoirs of Bench and Bar of Westmoreland County", has this 1949 to say about school teaching: "The public school has been a favorite nursing mother for embryo lawyers. Of the members of this bar, but few have not stepped from that field of activity into the legal profession. In every instance, they are better lawyers by reason of the experience gained in teaching. There is no better place than the school room for the study of human nature; for the cultivation of the disciplinary virtues of life; for the finding of avenues leading to the intellect and affections; for the training of the mind to be accurate in the knowledge acquired, to the end that it may be imparted with advantage to others. It is sub- mitted that all of these are essentials in the making of a successful lawyer." What Mr. Bell says of the influence the school room upon lawyers is equally applied to all who sit within the halls of learning. Education it the great spring of knowledge from which flow the accumulated experiences of history and of the mental and physical states and ac- tivities of mankind Of all the leaders in the advancement of human culture, none are more to be honored than the school teacher. The county superintendents have led the army of teachers since the estab- lishment of the office of County Superintendent by an Act of Assembly in 1854. These leaders worked in Greensburg, the majority of them being residents here, and their records are indicative of the high stand- ards set for teachers in Greensburg as well as the county at large. They deserve a place in the printed History of Greensburg: Reverend Matthew McKinstrey, 1854, one year, resigned; James I. McCormick, appointed; J. R. McAfee, 1857; S. S. Black, 1860-1863; Joseph S. Wal- thour, 1866; H. M. Jones, 1868-1872; James Silliaman, 1875; J. R. Spiegel, 1878-1881; George H. Hugus, 1884, 1887, 1890; William W. Ulerich, 1893, 1896, 1899, 1902; Robert C. Shaw, 1905, 1908, 1911, 1914, 1918; W. G. Dugan, appointed in 1920, elected 1922, 1926; Charles F. Maxwell, 1930 to the present (1949). Greensburg School District Superintendents have been Adam M. Wyant, 1897; E. J. Shives, 1902; Thomas S. March, 1905; Dr. J. Alleman, 1911; Thomas S. March, 1918 to 1934; William H. McIlhatten, 1934 to July, 1941; S. B. Bulick, 1941-. Through the Greensburg Academy and Greensburg Seminary edu- cation had advanced in stride with the growing culture of Greensburg from the simplicity of colonial primary schools inspired by the religious motive supported by contributions of sectarian bodies or wealthy, private citizens, to the modern school system supported by taxation of all the people free of class, race and religious discrimination, and providing curricula calculated to meet the diverse complexities of this electric- atomic age. -123- 1799 To present the accolade to these few, however, is to miss one of the great delights which the editor-in-chief has had in the publication of this book. There were many others who did the patient drudgery of investigation, simply that Greensburg might have a written record of its 150 years: Harry E. Cope, for instance, who covered the field of public utilities; Lt. Col. Robt. L. Potts, who took up the history of Company I, where Judge Richard D. Laird left off, and many others whose names appear in the Table of Contents under their particular specialties. We are especially grateful to William Laughner, long a grand in- vestigator, whose advice and information gleaned from long hours pouring over Courthouse records has been invaluable, and to General Richard Coulter, Judge Laird, Joseph D. Wentling, Sr., and W. C. L. Bayne, all of whom with unimpaired memory have time and time again brought us into agreement with the truth. And yet, this is not the complete story of the putting together of this book. There has been sweet and inspiring help given by many other people; the great and the humble. Citizens have brought cherished photographs and engravings to our office, have volunteered help and 1949 have responded when called upon. Regardless of physical condition, they have extended themselves that this should be a good, sound book. To mention a few is not to exclude the many. J. Wallace Johnston, the City Electrician, was one of the first; John Nimmey has sent in valued me- mentoes; Mrs. Cecilia Donahoe Wilson has rendered assistance in fields where it was greatly needed. Hundreds of others have also testified to their interest in the old town. Such civic spirit, if cultivated by the leaders of this City would really assure its greatness. To all of these, go the thanks of the Board, and mine in particular, with great cordiality. To use a phrase of Dr. Johnson, "in this work, when it shall be found that much is omitted, let it not be forgotten that much likewise is performed." Had there been two years, or even a year to have done this job, it would have been better. But, "Nae man can tether time nor tide; The hour approaches Tam maun ride;" and so for better or worse, for richer or poorer, this book goes forth as it is. JAMEs GRUGG Editor-in-Chief 1799 The colonists looked with strong disfavor on lawyers. They were resented by early settlers who were engaged in the rough work of re- claiming the wilderness. Litigants pled their own cases and if unable to do so, they were permitted to employ an assistant. In no case were they to give a "fee or reward for his pains". One historian of those days gave thanks that there were no lawyers in that colony, and no occasion to employ such "factious members of a community". Conditions changed, however. Society became more complex and the need for expert attorneys arrived; they grew rapidly numerically and in influence. Lawyers gained a higher place socially than they ever enjoyed in Europe where they were held as useful serving men in drawing papers and other clerical work. In the political field they forged ahead. They were prominent in town meetings and other assemblies. Of the 24 men at the Albany Congress of 1754, 13 were lawyers. In the first Continental Congress, 24 of 45 delegates were lawyers, while in the Congress that declared independence, 26 of 56 delegates were lawyers and 33 of 55 men who formed the federal Constitution were lawyers. With the rise of the legal profession to prominence in public affairs came a peculiar and original slant in the language of the intelligentsia. The rhetorical style of the cultured class of early Greensburg was intro- duced by ministers of the gospel, and was decidedly Biblical in flavor. This is equally true of teachers for the grammar schools of that day, most of whom were drawn from the ranks of the clergy. Lawyers, how- ever, had an advantage in consulting and enlarging a field of secular learning, and since they had to be able to argue both sides of any ques- tion, they became more adept than the most eminent preachers in the art of disputation. Mention of such names as Jefferson, Patrick Henry, John Adams, Madison, Dickenson and Marshall at once establish the eminent respectability of the lawyer during the period of the American Revolution. Reverting to the influence of the legal profession upon the cultural life of Westmoreland County, of which Greensburg is the county seat, the name of such luminaries as Judge Alexander Addison stand forth, who, during the Whiskey Rebellion, stood almost alone in the enforcement of law and the suppression and punishment of crime. It was said of him that "he was an intelligent, learned, upright and fearless judge; one whose equal was not to be found in Pennsylvania". Samuel Roberts, President of the 5th Judicial District, of which Westmoreland County was a part, is the author of Robert's Digest of British Statutes in force in Pennsylvania, a work essential to the practitioner of that day. Judge John Young, 1762-1840, was a master of seven languages, knew the Scotch law, English common law and Pennsylvania law and practice. Judge Young presided over an able, but tempestuous group of lawyers, of whom Alexander, Foster, Findley, Coulter and Beaver were ever in 1949 evidence. For over 150 years, the members of legal craft have been amalgamating more deeply into the very fiber of Greensburg culture, leading the way upward and onward in pursuit of that mysterious goal toward which all men are instinctively, even consciously, striving-the ultimate perfection of the human mind. Religion, ancient and universal heritage of all peoples, operated powerfully in molding the civilization of the early settlers in this area, advancing normally, as practiced by their fathers across the Atlantic. In the first century after the Protestant Reformation, Puritan divines had been resorting to the printed word in volumes, pamphlets and tracts to propagate the doctrines of their faiths. Cotton Mather, in New Eng- land, was a hand of fire pointing the way to Eternal Salvation and Eternal damnation. With unquenchable energy, this brilliant theologian turned out great masses of pamphlets on every conceivable aspect of theological dogma and so convincing was his style and the logic of his ideas that his fame spread over all of Europe as well as to the farthest corners of the American colonies. His influence was not negligible in determining the sermons preached to the people of Greensburg by the rock-ribbed pastors of Calvinism and Lutheranism. Equally effective was the power of Jonathan Edwards in convicting people of sin and compelling them to walk the path of Christian rectitude. Edwards preached the doctrine of repentance with such might that it culminated in the Great Awakening which swept New England and the colonies, bringing thousands to their knees in a spirit of contrition for their sins. The influence of these force- ful characters was not unfelt in this very section, and helped to modify our local culture in a manner natural to any general psychological move- ment. But the people of Greensburg were swayed, not only by the great theological thinkers of that day like Mather and Edwards, but they had religious leaders of their own who were capable of directing them through the mazes of original sin, salvation, damnation and various doctrines of the Euchraist. Questions of Christian conduct, such as, "Should Women Wear Veils?", and "Is it Lawful to Deal with Idola- lators?", and other questions regarding conduct befitting a member of any of the religious sects of the day. Lutherans and Calvinists, whether Presbyterians or German Re- formeds, predominated in this district in those early days. First in point of origin was the First Lutheran and First Reformed congregations, a union body which held services in Zion Church at Harrolds for a period of 12 years (1772-1784). Moving to Greensburg, these congregations worshipped in the school house at the southwest corner of the Old St. Clair Cemetery near the spring, and at times, services were held in the Court House. After 1800, the Old Beehive Church, in which both con- -124- 1799 gregations worshiped, was erected. Later the congregations separated, each erecting successive church buildings as necessity demanded. As leaders of their congregations, the pastors of these churches exerted an important influence in the lives of their parishioners, not only as spiritual advisors and exemplars, but as teachers of secular knowledge, thrift and industry. What may be said of these ministers can be said of those of any section, all things being equal, with one exception-that they were different individual and as such, stamped upon their parishioners personal impressions which are never extinguished from the culture of the people. This is especially true of such strong characters as appeared in the church history of early Greensburg. One notable example is John Michael Steck, who became pastor of the First Lutheran Church of Greensburg on the 24th day of September, 1791, and served until July 14, 1830. Reverend Steck was, in reality, a "bishop". He worked in a terri- tory which now includes Westmoreland, Fayette, Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Armstrong, Clarion and Mercer counties. The line of pastors who followed Reverend Steck were stern, conscientious, and industrious. His pastorate, lasting 39 years, was unequaled by his successors, the nearest being the pastorate of Reverend A. L. Yount, D. D., who ser- ved for almost 24 years (1891-1914). The Presbyterians, most of whom were Scotch-Irish, worshipped at Unity Presbyterian Church until April 15, 1788, the date decided upon as the most probable birthday of the first Presbyterian Church in Greensburg. This congregation has had one stated supply and 13 regular ministers during its history, all of whom have been men of credit to their profession. Two of these ministers served long pastorates: The Reverend William Speer from April 19, 1803 to 1829, and Reverend W. W. Moore- head from May 13, 1871 to January 30, 1898. Dr. Moorehead was genial, wise, diligent, able and conscientious. His highest standard of character, personal worth, made of him a laborious and impersonal pastor. Both of these men who served long pastorates were noted for traits of charac- ter which endeared them to their people and consequently, they have been particularly influential in the cultural life of the community; for the influence of a forceful preacher reaches beyond the confines of his study and his pulpit, and even beyond his day. Incidentally, it is interes- ting to note the pastorate of Dr. W. H. Gill of the First Presbyterian Church from June 26, 1867 to April 1870. Gill was something of a Puritan. "He set high standards for church membership, for his church officers, and, most of all, for himself. He insisted on these standards being followed and, at one time, resorted to what is probably the first "sit-down strike" recorded, when he announced one Sunday that if his salary was not paid in full within four weeks, he would absent himself from the pulpit. He did this very thing, and after several weeks of discussion involving the 1949 Session and the entire congregation (not to mention the press of the nation), the matter was settled to everyone's satisfaction." Holy Sacrament Catholic Church celebrated its centennial in December, 1947. "The first pastors were the Benedictine priests from St. Vincent College who organized the parish and supervised the building of the church in 1847. Most of the Catholic pioneers were German, but about that time, there was a large influx of Irish people who were en- gaged in construction of the Pennsylvania Railroad." Sixteen pastors have served this parish, all of them capable to a marked decree, in quali- ties necessary for ministering to the spiritual needs of their people, and ability to handle the executive and administrative requirements of their office. The present incumbent, Reverend Father Linus Brugger, O.S.B., "Father Linus", as he is known to everybody, is a familiar figure in the religious and civic life of Greensburg. He is ever intent upon some mission of kindness to the distressed in body and soul, engaged in instructions to converts, administrating the business affairs of his parish, and found daily at the altar in the duties of his holy office. Father Linus, together with his predecessors in the pastorate of the Holy Sacrament Catholic Church in Greensburg, have had much to do with the raising of cultural standards of the community, and Greensburg is indebted to them to that considerable extent. For instance: it had long been the desire of Greensburg Catholics to build a new church, but one of the predecessors of the present priest insisted that the pressing duty was to build another parochial school and maintained his position with such firmness that the present magnificent church structure waited upon the completion of the school. It may be safely affirmed that education and religion have had major parts in developing the cultural life of Greensburg as it exists today, of which parts, none can be proven more vital to the temporal happiness and economic prosperity than the virtues of morality, integ- rity, honesty and charity, inculcated by the churches and their repre- sentatives in our community, and the inspiration and hope engendered in the minds of men through the channels of the church are incalcuable in raising the morale of its membership, spurring them to richer living in the present, and revealing to them the promise of a more glorious future. Methodists, Episcopalians, and Baptists were early arrivals on the scene. Many other churches have come and remained in Greensburg during its 150 years of life. All of them are extremely valuable assets to the cultural growth of the town. More detailed history of our churches will be found in another section of thig book. -125- 1799 The recollection of the debt to education and the social life attending the process is well illustrated by a letter of The Honorable Thomas Mellon, judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County at one time, and a prominent banker of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The letter, addressed to James B. O. Cowan, concerning school and social life of a hundred years ago says: "I visited the old locality on the Hill-the locality was the only thing that I saw that I knew. Everybody and everything else was dead and gone. It made me sad and yet the memories and associations connected with it afforded me nearly an hour's pleasure which could not be supplied otherwise. The time related to, 1825, I was a twelve year old boy from a farm ten miles north of the Academy, and the time referred to was 72 years ago. But I managed to parade before the mind's eye so far as memory enabled me, all the school mates I was familiar with. In my class were Johnston, Morrison, Burrell, Armstrong, Meyers, and several others. The forms and features of these I remember-are now as clear to me as ever, but most others are faded from memory. We had an excellent teacher, Mr. Thomas Will; he was a great in Latin. We had far more extensive ground for play and exercise than there is at present. Football was the favorite. Extra incidents occured as usual, but no more than usual in school. I remember we had a small prize fight on one occasion. It developed one evening unexpectedly just outside the Academy gate, as we were leaving the grounds. One of the champions was Burrell, the other was Morrison; and the reporter, or historian, of the occasion, for we had no newspaper reporter either in Greensburg or Pittsburgh in those days, was Johnston. The seconds were all of the boys at the school indiscriminately. William Morrison became afterward a prominent business man of Pittsburgh, Jeremiah Burrell in turn became a law judge of Westmore- land County; and Edward Johnston removed to Wisconsin, I think and became famous there; but the battle was fought with vigor to the finish, and Johnston, although a boy of about my own age at the time had produced a poetic account of it the next day, of some ten or twelve stanzas of such merit that the first lines remained in my memory: 'Stranger, pause in reverence here And on this spot let fall a tear, For here, O wondrous strange to tell The mighty William Morrison fell.' The battle was not as famous as numerous others before and since, but was just as interesting for the time being for those engaged in it. 1949 To my surprise Greensburg has extended northward of the Academy, and from the Academy southward it is filled with fine buildings for nearly a quarter of a mile to what used to be the head of the old town. It is also spread out to a great extent beyond the small streams both east and west of the town. The old house of the Jack family was then outside the town. In the winter of 1825 we used to skate on the mill pond on Jack's Run, and there were no buildings in the neighborhood. I boarded with the widow Williams, the mother of three charming daughters, Polly, Sarah and Nancy, and two boys, William, the manager of the largest grocery store in Pittsburgh, and Robert, a hatter in Greens- burg. The Williams family was very intimate with the family of Judge Young. I remember the circumstance from the rumor that then or soon afterward, arose that the Judge was accustomed to receive letters from his deceased wife in her own handwriting, as has since been the common custom among Spiritualists. Then there was an aristocratic society in Greensburg, and philanthropic ladies and gentlemen, and men of science and art, and high-toned professional men, very much as at present. I can't remember the names of any. A young man of social prominence was William F. Johnston, a brother of the poetic reporter above mentioned. He was afterward Governor of the state. Another brother, Armstrong, was renowned in my day for his prowess in boxing encounters in exceed- ingly heavy buck-skin boots. My impression of William F. was deepened by the aid he afforded to a young lady of about his own age, named Peggy Coulter, in getting up and managing a dancing party for the Academy boys, and an equal number of young boys of the town. It came off in the dining room and parlor of Rohrer's Tavern, and we had a good time. No recognized party existed without a dance, whether it consisted of men, women or children. It was the first I had ever attended, and I remember, I was very much embarrassed when Miss Sarah Montgomery, of about my own age, was intrusted to my care to see home, and took my arm according to established formality, with which I had not before been accustomed. Miss Coulter afterward became famous in church work. The only notable lawyers I recall the names of at that time were Dick Coulter and J. B. Alexander. I am not at an extreme age myself, only 84, yet my school mates at the Academy and every country school I have attend- ed four or five years before that are dead and gone. Greensburg had another sojourner in the person of Andrew Carnegie, the great Steel King, multi-millionaire and philanthropist. Here is what Mr. Carnegie says in his autobiography page 58, about his work in Greensburg: -126-- 1799 Joseph Taylor the operator at Greensburg, thirty miles from Pitts- burgh, wishing to be absent for 2 weeks, asked Mr. Brooks if he could not send some one to take his place. Mr. Brooks called me and asked me if I thought I could do the work. I replied at once in the affirmative. "Well', he said, 'we will send you out there for a trial'. I went out in the mail coach and had a most delightftil trip. Mr. David Bruce, a well known solicitor of Scottish ancestry, and his sister happened to be passengers. It was my first experience and my first glimpse of the country. The hotel in Greensburg was the first public house in which I had ever taken a meal. I thought the food wonderfully fine. This was in 1852. Deep cuts and embankments near Greensburg were being made for the Pennsylvania Railroad, and I often walked in the early morning to see the work going forward, little dreaming that I was so soon to enter service of that corporation. This was the first responsible position I had occupied in the telegraph service, and I was so anxious to be at hand in case I should be needed,that one night very late I sat in the office during a storm, and wishing to cut off the connection I ventured too near the key, and for my boldness was knocked off my stool. A flash of lightning nearly ended my career. After that I was noted in the office for my caution during a lightning storm. I succeeded in doing the small business in Greensburg to the satisfaction of my supervisors, and returned to Pittsburgh surrounded with something like a halo, so far as the other boys were concerned.-I was then in my seventeenth year. It was not long after this that the railroad company constructed its own telegraph line. We had to supply it with operators. Most of them were taught in our offices in Pittsburgh. The telegraph continued to increase with startling rapidity. We could scarcely provide facilities fast enough. New telegraph offices were required. My fellow "messenger boy", Davy McCargo, I appointed superintendant of the telegraph department March 11, 1859. I have been told that Davy and myself are entitled to credit for employing young women as telegraph operators in the United States upon railroads or perhaps in any branch. At any event, we placed girls in various offices as pupils, taught and then put them in offices as occasion required. Among the first was my cousin, Miss Maria Hogan. She was operator at the freight station in Pittsburgh, and with her were placed successive pupils, her office becoming a school. Among all the new occupations invaded by women I do not know of any better suited for them than that of a telegraph operator." The foregoing excerpt from Mr. Carnegie's story leads naturally to an account of another world-famous figure, Stephen Foster, who, with his family, lived in Greensburg in the old Fisher House during the early 60's of the past century, and later to the house now standing on 1949 the southwest corner of Grove and Painter avenue. The writer of this article, at the solicitation of Stephen Foster's grand-daughter, Mrs. Jesse Dallas Rose, made a vigorous search for persons who might shed some light on the residence of the Foster family in Greensburg. His efforts were rewarded with the discovery of the following persons who knew Jane Foster and her daughter Marion intimately when they were children of about the age of Marion: Mrs. Josephine Boyd, daughter of H. H. Null, proprietor of the Null House for a period of about 40 years; Mrs. Sophia (Boomer) Bradish; Mrs. Mary Elizabeth (Winsheimer) Steel; Miss Rachael Kettering; Mr. M. R. Turney, whose sister, Mrs. Anzonette Walthour, worked with Mrs. Foster as a telegraph operator. -127- City Band about 1895 or 1896. Some believe this was the band which went to Canton in 1896 to serenade William McKinley, candidate for President. Front row left to right: James Gemmel, Abe Jones, Bobbie Lee, Phil Orbeson. - Strang. Second row left to right: , Benny Hartman, Harry Reamer, Charles Price, Charles Henry, Frank Crawford. Third row left to right: Al Williams, Tom Jones, Ben Blose, John Murray, William Henry, Charles Kidder. Back row left to right: Balser Herwig, John Coshey, Harry McPherson, Milton Given. 1799 1949 Of instrumental and vocal music during colonial days, little has been recorded outside of that employed in churches and in social activities by small groups. Nevertheless, it may be assumed that music exerted the name inspiring and exhilerating power in the lives of our colonial ancestors as it does in this age of grand opera and complicated orchestra- tions. Music is universally appreciated and practiced; and just as the English plow-boy sang as he drove his team, the Scottish highlander made the glens and grey moors resound with his infectious song, and the gondalier of Venice charmed their hearts with the magis of sweet music, so did the German and Scotch-Irish settlers find solace and exultation in the folk songs and rich harmony of their hymnals, mingling their song with the winds across the clearing, and with the sighing and moaning of the oaks and hemlocks of the wilderness as they bowed their towering heads before the passing storm. Music had for these frontier folk an attraction scarcely possible to us for whom it possesses not the charm of rarity and exclusiveness. Modern mediums of musical transmission being non-existent, local music was paramount, and the settler poured forth his expression of happiness and sorrow in the sympathetic and congenial strains of the human voice, the fiddle, and the flute. The reed organ and the piano have contributed to a major degree to the introduction and growth of music in the American home. In the early days, pianos were hauled over the mountains to the parlors of those who were rich enough to afford such magnificence. Jonas Chick- ering, a cabinet maker's apprentice, entered the City of Boston. one day in 1818, joined the Handel and Hayden Society, and by sheer audacity, entered the fascinating occupation of instrument making. His improve, ments in the designing of pianos, together with business acumen in marketing his instruments, made the American piano known throughout the world for its sturdy construction at a price which enables thousands to own pianos instead of the few who could have them before. Even to this day, specimens of these old square Chickerings are found in use, although the modern piano is immeasurably superior to the first square pianos, both mechanically and tonally. The highest degree of accom- plishment in piano building has been attained in the development of the concert grand piano in which mechanical excellance and tone quality and power find most effective expression. Placing the piano within reach of the masses was most important from a cultural standpoint. By the unpredictable decree of style, the upright piano has been temporarily deposed by the Spinet piano which is much lower in height but prac- tically the same in floor space as the upright. Style has defeated art and science in this skirmish, but since the upright piano is superior to the Spinet, the larger upright will resume its proper place when the wave of fad has spent itself. The advent of the radio with its great flood of all types of music available at the turn of a switch crashed about the head of the piano world, rendering the thousands of pianos in the homes of America less than worthless. People listened to the radio, sold their pianos for a song, gave them away and the piano became a dead issue. The old instinct for self-expression, however, is reasserting itself. The novelty of the radio has diminished, the piano is reviving fast in homes; people want their children to make music, which they are doing. The pipe organ is still king of instruments in churches and auditoriums, although the electronic organ is fast gaining popularity, and it is not difficult possibly to envision the day when science will produce an elec- tronic instrument capable of reproducing not only all known qualities of tone, but numberless qualities heretofore unknown. The Greensburg area shared the benefits of the piano and organ makers' art and was accordingly raised in the scale of esthetic art appreciation. Today, Greensburg churches possess pneumatic and electro-pneumatic organs, the last of the old tracker type of organ (recently standing in the First Lutheran Church) having been dismantled the early part of the present year to be replaced by a new modern electro-pneumatic instrument. Greensburg has enjoyed the benefits of vocal and instrumental organizations usually found in most communities. More prominent among the instrumental organizations were those of Benjamin Kettering, Dunspaugh's Band, Greensburg City Band and Buckalew Loor's Band. In 1905, Carl G. Gardner, then a flourishing teacher of music, founded a Philharmonic orchestra which gave concerts for several years. Vocal groups were the Tuesday Night Musical Club, 1906-1907, later changed to the Tuesday Musical Club; the Mendelssohn Choir, about 1917; and the Greensburg Choral Club, 1931; College Club Choral, 1941; and the Monday Music Club, 1944, the latter three now active. Perhaps none of these organizations have had a lasting effect on our culture, but the aggregate effect over the years cannot be ignored. Greensburg is distinguished by artists of real talent, a number of them having taken awards in metropolitan art exhibits in Pittsburgh. Alex Fletcher, whose paintings have been widely shown, is President Emeritus of the Greensburg Art Club and an acknowledged artist of unusual merit. Mrs. Thomas Lynch, Sr. was long a patron of painting and had a valuable collection which was dispersed on her death. The interest in painting which, in the 70's and 80's, was an integral part of the finishing school curricula of dilettante young ladies, has been revived and Greensburg is proud of the annual exhibition of the paintings of her competent artists. How can the ppwer of the printed word be computed! By knowledge? By Wisdom? By pleasure of the body? By ecstacy of the spirit? Who can estimate the known and unknown influences of books in the affairs -129- 1799 1949 of men? No man; for their fascets are as numerous as rays of the stars, and more potent in decreeing the fate of generation after generation of wonder-hungry minds. Andrew Carnegie early learned the magic of inscribed thought. In his autobiography he relates a concrete example of this influence, speaking, of his visit to the home of Mr. Stokes in Greensburg. The Stokes house still stands on what is now the campus of Seton Hill College and is known as St. Mary's Academy. Mr. Carnegie says: "The grandeur of the Stokes home impressed me, but the one feature of it which eclipsed all else was a marble mantel in his library. In the center of the arch, carved in marble, was an open book with this inscription: 'HE THAT CANNOT REASON IS A FOOL, HE THAT WILL NOT IS A BIGOT, HE THAT DARE NOT A SLAVE,' These noble words thrilled me. I said to myself: 'Some day, some day, I'll have a library' (that was looking ahead) 'and these words shall grace the mantel as here.' And so they do in New York and Skibo today." GREENSBURG PUBLIC LIBRARY A Mantel in the Stokes house; if this was the Library Mantel, Andrew Carnegie was wrong in his Autobiography. Such is the account of the inscription on the marble mantel in the Stokes home by Andrew Carnegie in his autobiography, and the inspiring affect of the inscription on his mind. If the story were entirely true, it would deserve space as an example of the power of the inscribed word in the life of a great philanthropist; but since the story is questionable in an important particular, it is deemed doubly interesting, and no less edifying, to the reader on account of a possible defection in the story. First, in the interest of justice it is emphasized that no uncompli- mentary reflection is intimated toward Mr. Carnegie's autobiography which is justly held in high respect by the reading world. The inscription quoted by Mr. Carnegie as engraved on the marble mantel is not on the mantel is what is now believed to have been the Stokes Library. A photograph of the mantel made in connection with this work, which is reproduced here, shows the inscription to be as follows: READ NOT TO CONTRADICT AND CONFUTE. NOR TO BELIEVE AND TAKE FOR GRANTED, TALK AND DISCOURSE, BUT TO WEIGH AND CONSIDER. BACON. This proves a problem for the psychologist. Mr. Carnegie was a very young man when he visited the Stokes home; a very old man when he wrote his autobiography. It may reasonably be assumed that Mr. Carnegie knew the story was in his book. The authorities at Seton Hill College maintain the present mantel is the original and only inscribed S.mantel in the Stokes house. In justice, however, to Carnegie, it must be said that in the original part of the house as it exists today, there are several other rooms on the first floor in which there were originally I-130- 1799 1949 MINUET GROUP FROM THE KERMESS PRODUCED JANUARY 24, 1894 VIEW OF SEVERAL ROOMS OF GREENSBURG PUBLIC LIBRARY mantels, and in all probability, the mantels in such a preptentious house were elaborate. It is, therefore, entirely possible that the mantel spoken of by the great steelmaster was at one time in a room which was the library. The present evidence, however, points otherwise. In 1896, Carnegie offered Greensburg a library but it was refused due to lack of provision for upkeep. Refusal to accept the Carnegie library is considered by many to have set Greensburg back 40 years in this phase of cultural development. However, the love of books found expression in the slow develop- ment of the Greensburg High School library beginning by a contribution from the Morrison Underwood Fund and occasional bequests from citi- zens who died and left a few books and a large collection of insects and shells. Large libraries have graced the homes of Greensburgers: Captain John B. Keenan specialized in old English ballads; John B. Head, books of general nature; James Armstrong, Jr. subscribed to many of the lead- ing periodicals for about a century; James Gregg has possibly one of the largest private libraries in Greensburg, his collection favoring relig- ious and local history. Greensburg has awakened from its age-long hibernation; it now displays a local library in accordance with its dignity and prominence as a center of American culture. The Greensburg Library is discussed at statistical length in this volume. Colonial life on the frontier knew little of the drama. Older sections of the East and South were enthusiastic patrons of the theatre. George Washington found an irresistible appeal in the theatre, circuses and cock fights; but the straight-laced Calvinists and sober-minded Germans placed a ban on any such frivolities, being too deeply engrossed in battling his Satanic majesty to attend to such superficialities. However, the proscription against the theatre gradually disappeared. Forty-niners immediately built rough shacks to serve as theatres where they could see and hear the plays of Shakespeare, and have the French vaudeville troups excite them to uproarious and boisterous laughter in -131- the primitive surrounding of their mining camps. As railroad facilities improved, actors invaded all reachable places and by the year 1860, practically all towns of any considerable size east of the Mississippi had accommodations for theatrical troups. The names of leading native actors such as Edward Forest, Joseph Jefferson and James K. Hackett became household names. Who, for instance, is not familiar with the association of the name of Joseph Jefferson with Washington Irving's Rip Van Winkle? The first theater in Greensburg was the Naley Opera House which stood at the corner of South Pennsylvania Avenue and Second Street, constructed in 1874 and burned in 1877. The St. Clair Theater was on the east side of South Main Street, between Second and Third Streets. The Manos Theater at the corner of West Otterman Street and Pennsylvania Avenue; the Strand on Otterman in the same block as the Manos and the Grand Theater on North Pennsylvania Avenue. A smaller picture house constructed by Manos formerly stood on the present site of the Manos Theater. The Strand occupies the space formerly occupied by the Lomison Theater and Keaggy Theater successively. These movie houses have survived from the day of the early nickleodeons, one of the earliest being the Lyric of Michael Manos on Main Street and the Casino on Pennsylvania Avenue. For many years it was the custom to show colored slides of the series of a popular song as an interlude to the silent movies. Harry Petz of Youngwood for years was the soloist at the Casino. Greensburg theaters have afforded their boards to many of the great native and foreign actors of past generations-down through the days of the minstrel, the tragedy, comedy, vaudeville and burlesque; and today, due to enterprise, imagination, business ability and civic pride, we have three fine, theaters, two of them the creations of Michael Manos and his brothers. It would be a lapse of courtesy to fail to commend the attainments of these leaders in the world of the theater who have created a large system of superb motion picture houses in many towns in the tri-state area. The Manos, Strand and Grand theaters in Greensburg 1799 are creditable successors to the St. Clair theater built by Mr. George W. Good, which, indeed, approached the acme of perfection in the art of theater construction. The world of "Make-Believe" presents to the spectator life as it is, and.-carried him too, beyond the horizons of apparent reality to realms of the imagination where he can revel in experiences impractical, if not impossible to him, in every day life. The mechanical and artistic skill of present day technicians and actors casts upon the "silver screen" every aspect of human thought and endeavor in visible and audible form, thus introducing to the people of our time broader, higher and more universal culture than any known in past human experience. Dramatic critics of sufficient age to have witnessed the acting of such artists as John, Lionel and Ethel Barrymore, Nazimova, Otis Skinner, Henry Irving, Richard Mansfield and other "greats" of the stage of a gone-by day deplore the decadence of classic acting as indi- cated by the performances of present day "movie" actors. If such criticism be justifiable, the loss to the present day devotee of the thespian art is to be regretted, and the critic accorded sympathetic assent for the comparative lack of equality with excellence of the past. Nevertheless, from the standpoint of general cultural influence, the theater of today far outshines the personal appearance acting of the past. The miracles of science and invention and scenic art have made the profession of acting a tremendous all-time influence in the lives of millions of people in every corner of the world. What ever possible loss in quality of acting, if such be the case, is abundantly compensated for by the universality of the power of the stage. Culture is a moving institution. It cannot be static. Moving forward it means Renaissance; moving backward, the Dark Ages. Viewing the history of culture over long periods of time shows elevations and depres- sions, progressions and recessions; but viewing the general trend of culture of the human race from its inception in the stone age to the wonderful differences in the atomic age, one must suspect that man is following, or being drawn along, a trail from the depth of savagry to the final pinnacle of spiritual perfection; that he is not completely master of his fate individually, but is swept along in the great current of life, permitted to profit by favorable exigencies, and to avoid current threat- ening dangers; but always at the mercy of natural laws over which he has little or no control,-laws which impose themselves on all existence, whether physical, mental, moral or spiritual (if, indeed, there is any real difference in the true meaning of these terms). We have much to learn! What we do not know incites us to speculation, and in considering such a subject as the evolution of culture, which is so mysterious, it is hoped that any speculative diversion may be pardoned by the reader, provided the basis of such assumptions is reasonable. On second thought, perhaps it were better to permit the qualified and professional philosophers to -132- 1949 do the speculating, since they are acknowledged experts in the art of speculation. Among the great institutions for the advancement of civilization is the press, promoted by another set of teachers of fact and opinion, the newspaper editors. Greensburg has been adequately supplied with newspapers since the founding of the Farmers' Register on May 29, 1799, printed in German and English. A history of the Greensburg press, by Errol Derby, Editor of the Greensburg Daily Tribune, is also to be found in this volume. Crude as the earliest American journalism seems to us sophisticated moderns, its cultural and political meaning should not be underestimated. Later, Benjamin Franklin was a leader in weakening the power of the autographic arrogance of the day, and was so effective in his ridicule as to evoke the following opinion of a governor of one of the provinces: "I thank God we have no free schools or printing; and I hope we shall not have these hundred years; for learning has brought disobedience and heresy and sects into the world; and printing has divulged them, and libels against the government. God keep us from both." Freedom of the press has been a living question since the trial of Peter Zenger in 1734 for attacking the administration of the provincial governor. Andrew Hamilton successfully defended Zenger, making the grand issue the "cause of liberty". Zenger was released from jail amid the general rejoicing of the people. One cannot complete a comparative study of revolutions without a feeling of admiration for the ingenuity, and learning of the editors of the newspapers of the American Revolu- tionary period. When the Hoe cylinder rotary press was installed in the shop of the Philadelphia Ledger, it marked an event more important than the fall of Napoleon in the following year and it may be said that a new era was started in 1833 by the announcement of the New York Sun as a one cent newspaper. Two years later, James Gordon Bennett founded the New York Herald declaring his contempt for party politics and principles, and his intention to stick to news of every-day life. Soon, cheap newspapers appeared in towns all over the country, North, East and West, extending down even to the lower levels of public literacy. The press has proven a potent agency in moulding the general culture of American communities, including that of Greensburg. This is particu- larly true because of its primary purpose of disseminating promiscuously information of greatly diversified 'nature. The daily and weekly news- paper is a distributing center for every type of fact and fiction from common gossip to the most abstruse theories on the remotest improb- abilities. The reading public cannot be influenced into definite and indefinite trends by such a complex array of information and misin- formation. In fairness to the press, it must be said that its influence in publishing news is immeasurably beneficial to the happiness of the 1799 people; and that its editorial influence is also a tremendous asset to human culture, since the political and ethical policies of the press are dictated as a rule by intelligent, men who must be given credit for honesty in their opinions, making at the same time due allowance for the common human weakness of self-interest and partisinship. It may be said here with emphasis that the press, together with the pulpit, the radio, the school and the home, is not waging a persistent, aggressive war against war itself. The press and all the great cultural agencies are supine, non-commital and fluctuating in their attitude toward the greatest scourge to humanity,-War! Unremitting outspoken war against war led by the press of the world would drive this Black Death from the body of the earth in a few generations. The publication of "news" which is patently contrary to the moral, civic, financial, or other higher interests of the public should not be printed in the newspapers. It is possible to print a satisfactory newspaper without including pages of crime, and the spreading of all kinds of human depravity for the eyes and lips of its scandel-and-crime-hungry victims. The press is on the way upward. Like all things human, it can accelerate or retard its own progress. Incidentally, this observation applies not only to the press, but to religion, politics, philosophy, and all human enterprises without exception. Older Greensburgers recall with fondness the Argus, The Westmoreland Democrat, The Press, The Daily Tribune, and later The Morning Review. The personal observations of Van and Capt. Jim Laird have long been traditional gems in the minds of those who were privileged to scan the pages of their newsy, firey sheet. Greens- burg has been favored with competent newspaper men, included among should be mentioned Mr. R. W. Herbert whose editorials were noted for their interesting style and soundness of fact and logic. Love of the soil lies deep in the heart of Greensburg economy. Our pioneer ancestors were knights of the axe, the plough, the scythe, and the flail. Adventurers, moving out into the narrow valleys and wooded hillsides, they sought not glory, power and riches as ordinarily conceived by ambitious men and governments; rather, they came to win from the wilderness abundant durable wealth dormant in the original fertility of the soil; and they sought even more, that most highly prized possession of mankind-personal freedom. These Scotch-Irish and German pioneers carried with them from the older sea-board settlements little of the traditional restrictions brought from Europe by their predecessors. They were practically free of the repressions of landlordism supported by laws of church and state intended to hold laborers in subjection to the prevailing customs of the country. They were in effect a new race. They faced a new west, and the ties which originally bound the first settlers to Europe were very thin in these late-comers to Westmoreland County. The story of colonial life is a story of agriculture, as imperatively so as the breath of life itself. These Scotch-Irish and Germans made remarkably fine farmers. Many of those family names remain with us today, and their descendants still -133- 1949 plough and sow and reap the harvest where once the settlers built their cabins in the clearings. Published histories of Westmoreland county are replete with biography and picture of these settler families available to the public in the Pennsylvania Room of the Greensburg Public Library. Hempfield Township, which completely surrounds Greensburg, presents an attractive picture of rural life, as seen from the many lofty hills in and near the city. The farmers who now own and work these farms are not the uneducated, poverty-striken strangers who came here one hundred and fifty years ago. With the use of modern machinery and electrical power they stand on a level economically with workers of the city, and from a cultural standpoint there is positively no advantage on the part of the city dweller. The farmers of the Greensburg area contrib- ute materially to the growth of local culture by providing food for them- selves and the market, and by the interest and activity they display in all public enterprises. The farmer element of this district have made a more important contribution than food to the culture of Greensburg and the world in the persons of talented and accomplished sons and daughters in the fields of education, medicine, law, and business. Greensburg has been an agricultural center from its inception to the present. The ordinary course of events has been varied by two epoch-making interludes-namely the development of the coal and gas industries. Great deposits of coal were brought to the surface and utilized by Greensburg men of initiative, ambition and financial power. For sixty years the great Behemoth, coal, overspread the Greensburg district. Coal towns were built in every direction. Coal and coke were the obsession of the times. To one who lived through the days when Trauger, Mammoth, Keystone Mines 1 and 2, Hannastown, Crabtree, Crows Nest, (to mention only a few of the mining towns in the immediate vicinity,) were booming, coal was an institution as permanent and as imperishable as the earth itself. The coal has largely disappeared in this district, most of the remaining coal being obtained by stripping off the surface and lifting out the coal with steam shovels. But farming still remains, and is flourishing, and shall probably continue to be the basis of existence on this planet until the imaginable day when science will have devised a method for feeding mankind with synthetic nostrums that require not the services of man, mule or machine for their production. Voltaire, in a volume of historical studies explained: "I wish to write a history, not of wars, but of society; and to ascertain how people lived in the interior of their families and what were the arts they com- monly cultivated-I want to know the steps by which mankind passed from barbarism to civilization." So we, the people of Greensburg, in this Sesqui-centennial of the founding of our town, reflect upon the vicis- situdes of life which transformed us from the simplicities of colonial existence to our present state of modern sophisticates. Let us not be self-satisfied, however; we still have much to learn. -D.L.Y. 1799 1949 TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL HISTORY Greensburg by Calvin E. Pollins ............. 2- 41 South Greensburg by J. Wyant Rowe........ 41- 43 Southwest Greensburg by A. M. Bell and C. F. DeVaux........................... 43- 44 HISTORY OF EDUCATION Greensburg Schools by Charles V. DeVaux .... 46.-. 59 South Greensburg by J. Wyant Rowe and Arthur T. Wilson......................... Southwest Greensburg by Charles E. Marsh... Parochial Schools by Fr. Linus Brugger ........ Leech's Business College by Robert M. Carson Seton Hill College by Sr. M. Thaddeus ........ Peterson Writing System by T. M. Minster.... State College Branch by Paul Landis.......... 61-62 63 64 65-66 67- 69 70 70- 71 RELIGIOUS HISTORY Churches of Greensburg by J. H. Harmon, D.D ................... 73-102 Roman Catholic Church by Fr. Felix Fellner, O.S.B ................ 103 GRAVEYARDS AND BURIAL GROUNDS German, St. Clair, Catholic by Mrs. Frank Maddocks .................. 114-121 Cultural Life and Cultural Organizations by David L. Yount, Sr.................... . 122-139 Newspapers and Periodicals by Errol H. Derby ....................... 140-148 Greensburg Fire Department by W. C. L. Bayne, Frank Hamm, Oscar Myers and Charles F. DeVaux ........................ 149-157 South Greensburg Fire Department by J. Wyant Rowe ........................ 158-160 Southwest Greensburg Fire Department by A. M. Bell and C. F. DeVaux........... 158 Greensburg Police Department by Charles F. DeVaux .................... 161-164 State Police, Troop A by Captain Andrew J. Hudock................................ 164 Organizations, Civic and Fraternal by D. L. Yount ...........................166-173 Westmoreland Hospital Association by Joseph D. Wentling. ................... 174-175 Greensburg Library by Miss Lydia Heller ...... 176 Greensburg Postoffice by Mary Margaret Hughes ................. 176-177 Greensburg Chapter, American Red Cross by Miss Margaret Coulter ................ 180-181 Young Men's Christian Association by A. W. Flath. ......................... 178 Greensburg Scouts, by J. T. Ewing........... 178-179 History of Girl Scouts, Greensburg by Mrs. Carrie Kunkle. ................... 180 Children's Aid Society by Mrs. John B. Steel... 181-182 Home for Aged by Mrs. C. L. Goodwin........ 182 History of Military by Captain Robert L. Potts 185-190 Robert Kotouch Post #318, American Legion by John McCormick ..................... 190-191 Patriotic and Political Organizations by D. L. Yount, Sr .. ............. 193-194 History of Sports by Robert B. Mitinger....... 195-208 Architecture Original Aspects by W. W. Jamison, Jr.,................... 213-215 Second Court House by J. C. and Calvin E. Pollins .............. 215-216 TRADES AND PROFESSIONS Bench, Bar, Lawyers by James Gregg.......... 217-223 Medical Profession by Dr. Elmer Highberger, Jr ................ 223-224 Dentistry by Dr. William Inskeep. ............. 226 Drug Stores by Harry Weightman ............. 226 Shoemakers by E. E. Allshouse and C. F. DeVaux............................... 227 Blacksmiths by Mrs. Frank Maddocks......... 229-230 Carriage and Wagonmakers by E. W. Kepple and D. L. Yount, Sr....... 230 Building Trades by Joseph D. Wentling........ 230 Barbers by John Nimmey .................... 231-232 Tailors by Oscar Rask ....................... 232 Jewelers, Toby Makers, Mills and Milling by D. L. Yount, Sr ....................... 232-235 Bakeries by Arthur W. Schaller ............... 235-236 Surveyors by John D. Bott ................... 236 Artists and Writers of Greensburg by Sr. Marie Helene Mohr ................ 238-247 Gardner Music Studio and Orchestra by Carl G. Gardner - City Band.......... 247-248 INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE Early Inns and Taverns and Mercantile Business by Mrs. Frank Maddocks ......... 249-253 Railroads by T. L. Wentling .................. 254-256 Coal Industry by W. W. Jamison, Jr........... 256-258 Gas, Water, Electric Utilities by H. E. Cope.. 259-265 West Penn Railways by H. S. Metcalfe ........ 265 Brown-Ketchum Steel Co. by James Gregg.... 265-266 Walworth Co. by R. K. Buxton ............... 267-268 Railway and Industrial Engineering Co. by Eric Zimmerman ............... ....269-270 Moore Metal Company, Keystone Clay Products, American Glass Works, Overmyer Mould Company by C. F. DeVaux ......................... 270-271 Overly Manufacturing Company by James Gregg ......................... 271 Greensburg Machine Company by F. C. Snedden ......................... 271 Banking by J. Regis Walthour ................ 272-273 Stage and Theaters by James Gregg........... 274-277 Population and List of First Residents by Mrs. Frank Maddocks ............... 278-298 1799 1949 Cultural Organizations Men are gregarious creatures. They tend flock together in groups for the accomplishment of utilitarian, constructive, protective and sentimental purposes. The people of Greensburg conform to this age-old pattern; we are organizers and "joiners". So important is this trait considered in the life of the community that a special section of this history is allotted to a listing of all organi- zations in Greensburg which have responded to a request for data; each of which will be found in its proper classification. Special articles written by members of larger or more influential groups appear at the beginning of the category to which they belong. For efficiency and convenience in presenting this aspect of commun- to sing Grand ( ity life in Greensburg these organizations have been listed as civic, roles were selec cultural, fraternal, industrial, patriotic and political. Cases in which on particular fi mixed objectives appear are listed according to apparently most prom- inent objective. Director, S Pres.; Ann Hill, MENDELSSOHN CHOIR Gilbert Brooks, Bernadine Kink The Mendelssohn Choir was the most prominent choral club. This Mrs. A. B. Kin grew out of a group of Mr. Robert MacDowell's pupils. For several Mrs. R. J. Cros years they gave concerts consisting of operettas and cantatas and Vimislisky, Car programs by the pupils themselves. At the same time there was a group known as the Greensburg Choral Society and directed by Prof. Roderi- gues. These two groups finally united and took the name of The Men- delssohn Choir under the direction of Mr. MacDowell. Mr. MacDowell In the sum was succeeded by Mr. Bertram Webber and the following officers were Greensburg met selected: President, Burrell Huff; Vice President, Seneca Lewis; Secre- the study of art tary, Marion Whitesell; Treasurer, W. W. Keenan; Librarian, Robert but that was th Boyd. Mrs. Clark This organization grew until they had more than eighty members, organized with 1 and from 1915 to 1924 gave twenty-one concerts and entertainments, as president, an presenting many celebrities. They presented the Messiah annually, schools, as sec and gave "Robin Hood" in Huff's Park, assisted by a Pittsburgh Or- Enthusiasm chestra.-R.G.G. Pittsburgh, a f CIVIC OPERA COMPANY engaged one eve and in the Spri The Greensburg Civic Opera Company was founded, October, unframed. Frie 1945. The purpose of the organization is to promote and develop among Kinderhook Art the music-loving patrons of this community a keener appreciation of and the followinl classical music, and to give talented singers in this area the opportunity where it was hel -134- First row 1 to r: Catherine McQuaide, Agnes Miller, Ni Allshouse Ramsey, Myrtle Black Saul, Sara Allshoui Griffith. Thelma Griffith, Nell Byerley Vlachos, Mi Summergill, Anne O'hara Wentling, Nora Watters Alle Louise Truxall, Henry S. Gill. Second row I to r: Myrtle Wirsing, unknown, Mrs. Gler Vance, Anna Fiscus, Beatrice Brant, Elizabeth Beas Doran, Marjorie Byerley Sass, Olive Fishell Gill, Margar, Peoples, Mrs. C. Bryner, Erna Keim, Laura Fulmer, Mi Black. Third row-center, Robert McDowell, Director, the re Homewood Choir. Fourth row, John Young, Glenn Vance, Jack Sweet. Fifth row, Fred Balmond, Marsh Campbell, Gertrud Sykes King., M. Zundel, Asa Mace, Mr. Caldwell, Fre MacUntire, Geo. Alms, the others were members of th Homewood choir. )pera under capable direction. Those given the leading ted from the personnel of the company, based primarily tness for the parts. anto Di Primio; First board of directors; Ralph Tait, V. Pres.; Virginia Harrison, Sec.; Harry Saxman, Treas.; Jr.; Pearl Fry, Mrs. P. J. Trettel, Marcella Farrell, aid. Present board of directors: John T. Barnes, pres.; ikaid, V. Pres.; Esther Glass, Sec.; Glen Hyde, Treas.; by, Mrs. E. S. Shutt, Mrs. P. J. Trettel, Mrs. Delores 1 F. Johnson. GREENSBURG ART CLUB lmer of 1931, a small group of art-minded citizens of in the home of Mrs. Julia B. Ulery, to form a club for and practice oil painting. Only about eight attended e nucleus of the present Greensburg Art Club. Bell offered free use of a room as a studio and the group Irs. Ulery, teacher of Art in the Greensburg High School, d Mary Hornish, teacher of Art in Hempfield Township retary-treasurer. of the artists soon brought results. Francis Yetter, of ormer teacher of art in Greensburg High School, was ning each week as instructor. The group worked hard ig the product of their efforts were tacked on the wall nds were invited in, and this was the first exhibit of the Club. Encouraged by the public, the club expanded g year the exhibit moved to the Administration Building d through 1933 and 1934. 1799 About that time the club was reorganized under a carefully formed constitution, and the name "Greensburg Art Club" was adopted. Alex Fletcher was made president. In recent years, Roger K. Buxton has presided as executive-vice- president, with Marion F. Shirey, secretary and Dorothy L. Davids as treasurer. Under management of these officers the club has made advancement. Since 1935, the annual art exhibit has been held in the Y.M.C.A., where last November (1948) the club held its sixteenth annual showing of oil paintings, water colors, sculpture and crafts. A complete list of former and present members of the Greensburg Art Club follows: Homer F. Bair, Margie C. Bell, Jean Bailey, Roger K. Buxton, James R. Beatty, Isobel Beatty, Dorothy L. Davids, Helen F. Evans, Alex Fletcher, Charles Fletcher, Katherine Friedel, Joseph R. Frola, Martha M. Morgan, Carrie E. Noss, Gordon Pierce, Alice Rask, Marion F. Shirey, Helen VanDyke (deceased), Robert Van Dyke, Sara Watt, Thelma Bryce, Sunny Pollins, Reverend Thomas C. Arthur, Harry Hickman, Sister Mary Francis Irvin and Robert W. Sanders. The Greensburg Art Club has been generously supported by the public and it is the purpose of the club to afford all an opportunity for art appreciation and enjoyment. To this end, the club conducts annual exhibitions of paintings and crafts, and through the year brings lectures, demonstrations in oil painting, water color, ceramics, and many unusual entertainments. A one-man show was given to the Pittsburgh artist, Samuel Rosenberg, in 1938, and another one-man showing of the paint- ings by Roy Hilton of Pittsburgh in 1940. In 1914, a one-man show was given for the president of the club, Alex Fletcher. This was viewed by hundreds of his friends who were pleased and astounded at the prolific out-put of his brush through the years. -135- 1949 THE GREENSBURG ART CLUB Back row left to right: James Beatty, Marion Shirey, Gordon Pierce, Dorothy Davids, Robert Van Dyke, Katherine Friedel Front row left to right: Sunny Pollins, Margie Bell, Alex Fletcher, Roger Buxton, Martha Morgan. Several members of the Greensburg Art Club have been accepted as members of the Associated Artists of Pittsburgh on merit of their painting. They are Alex Fletcher, a prize winner of the Carnegie show in 1934 and 1938; Dorothy L. Davids, winner of a prize in 1935, who has had 3 paintings selected for purchase by the Hundred Friends of Art in Pittsburgh. These paintings go into the permanent collection of the public schools of Pittsburgh. Martha M. Morgan has had two paintings purchased by the Hund- red Friends of Art; Joseph R. Frola was a prize winner in 1942; Homer F. Bair was awarded a prize in 1936 and a purchase by the Hundred Friends of Art. Sister Mary Frances Irvin was a prize winner in 1944. Miss Helen Van Dyke (deceased) was also a member of the Associated Artists of Pittsburgh. She was a skillful artist and a person of sound judgment on whom the club strongly relied. Jean Bailey, Roger K. Buxton and James R. Beatty complete the list of the club members who belong to the Associated Artists of Pittsburgh. Mr. Beatty, a teacher in the Latrobe High School, is a tireless promoter in the field of art. Through his efforts, an association was formed in that city called the Hundred Friends of Art. This Latrobe group purchases paintings for the permanent collection in the Latrobe High School. Alex Fletcher, Martha Morgan, Dorothy Davids and Joseph Frola have had paintings selected for this collection. Messrs. Fletcher, Beatty and Frola have also won prizes in the annual New Year show, presented by Butler Art Institute, Youngstown, Ohio. There are a. number of public-spirited citizens, who have added greatly to the success of the Greensburg Art Club, offering gifts and valuable prizes to encourage the artist: The club wishes to record their names and express its gratitude. They are: Mr. and Mrs. Charles McK Lynch, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Lynch, Miss Margaret Coulter, Mrs. George Seubert, Mrs. Samuel Warden, Mrs. L. J. C. Bailey, Mrs. John 1799 Barclay, Jr., Mrs. John G. Hoffstot, Wm. H. McIlhatten (deceased), Mrs. Ralph E. Jamison, Miss Clara Steel (deceased), Dr. John Anderson (deceased), Mrs. Carl Freeman Pierce, Mrs. Charles H. Sorber, Dr. Thomas S. March (deceased), Miss Elizabeth Peterson (deceased), Mrs" David Beatty, John G. Hoffstot, Mrs. John G. Hulton, Mrs. Charles M. Jamison and Mrs. John E. Sholes. Greensburg and its surrounding countryside is rich in beautiful scenery that challenges the brush of the artist. The summer sketching parties, accompanied by well-known artists as critics, have become an institution in the club which afford much pleasure and an opportunity for valuable instruction. It is the aim and hope of the club to grow and improve in technique; to learn to grasp the beauty that nature spreads before us and bring it home for you to see: by "you" is meant all the loyal home-folk that love the City of Greensburg. -M.M.M. COLLEGE CLUB CHORAL In the fall of 1941, during the presidency of Gladys Stump Shrum, the College Club Choral came into existence under the leadership of Gladys S. Baer, supervisor of elementary music in the Greensburg Public Schools. Since the Choral is one of the many activities sponsored by the Greensburg College Club, only College Club members are eligible for membership. The initial membership consisted of ten women. The average is now 35 members. During the years of its existence the Choral has furnished music for many of the Club's programs. Two Sunday evening services were sung at the First Evangelical and Reformed Church of Greensburg during the ministry of the Reverend Charles R. Zweizig. In the spring of 1947 and again in the fall of 1948 the Choral traveled to Harrisburg to sing Vesper Services at the Salem Evangelical and Reformed Church where the Reverend Charles Zweizig is now minister. In April 1948 the Choral sponsored a program, consisting entirely of the music of William Wentzell, Greensburg organist, pianist, teacher, and composer. Catherine Beck Millen, Margaret Markle, and Betty Jean Goodlin have been the accompanists for the Choral. MONDAY MUSIC CLUB Mrs. Arthur Simpson, regional chairman of the Pennsylvania State Federation of Music Clubs organized the Friday Music Club of Greens- burg in November, 1944. The Club was federated immediately and Mrs. Simpson served as the first president. In the fall of 1948 the Friday Music Club changed its meeting nights to Monday and hence- forth has been known as the Monday Music Club. 1949 The purpose of the club was to provide members of the community with opportunities to hear good music and to discover latent talent among the members. Both active and inactive members are permitted to join the club. Each year, during the Christmas season, a program open to the public has been given in one of the Greensburg Churches. During National Music Week,. the first week in May, members of the club have presented radio programs over WHJB and have sponsored programs by other musical groups. In addition to Mrs. Simpson, the Monday Music Club presidents have included Ella Allison and Mrs. W. P. C. Loane. In the fall of 1947, the Senior Club sponsored the Junior Music Club, a club for teen-agers interested in music. Linda Ann Jacobs was the first president of this group and Mrs. Wilbert Davidson was the first sponsor. THE DELPHIAN CLUB The Greensburg Delphian Club was organized as the Delphian Society by a group of women in the interest of social progress, higher education and personal improvement. It was chartered September 17, 1924 with 46 members. Miss Elizabeth Z. Peterson was the first president. Meetings were held in the Girls' club in North Main Street. The Club motto was "Fifteen minutes a day of good reading will give anyone a really human life". Among the subjects studied were, history, literature, philosophy, poetry, fiction, drama, art, ethics, and music. In recent years the topics have been picturesque United States, Nature Study, pioneers in different fields, Women, American music, native Pennsylvania, the Changing Years and Westmoreland County. The presidents for this organization have been:-Miss Elizabeth Peterson, Mrs. Charles Walker, Ruth Evans, Louise Truxell, Mrs. Byron Barnhart, Mrs. C. F. Maxwell, Mrs. G. C. Melody, Mrs. John McKlveen, Mrs. S. C. Wallace, Mrs. L. J. Goodman, Mrs. W. H. Knox, Mrs, D. J. Snyder, Mrs. Elizabeth Bortz, Mrs. George Hersh, Mrs. I. J. Ober, Mrs. W. G. Liddell, Mrs. P. O. Peterson, Mrs. T. C. Forbes, Mrs. H. R. Anthony, Mrs. A. W. Leeking, and Mrs. C. C. Crouse. The present officers are:-President, Mrs. D. L. Yount; Vice- President, Mrs. E. A. Enstrom; Secretary, Miss Mary Leasure; Treas- tr.r, Mrs. Caroline Kunkle; Chaplain, Mrs. D. J. Snyder. The chapter -136-- 1799 meetings are held on the third Monday, each month, September to May inclusive. The meetings are conducted in the social rooms of the United Presbyterian church. WESTMORELAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY Among the organizations in Greensburg whose direct object is the furtherance of local culture is the Westmoreland Historical Society. Since the founding of the Society February 4, 1946, monthly meetings have been held in the Court House at which well prepared programs were Carried out on subjects particularly relative to Greensburg and Westmoreland County history. Some of these subjects together with the principal speakers follow: Relation of History to Local Affairs, Dr. John P. Oliver, Dept. of His- tory, University of Pittsburgh; Stephen Foster in Greensburg, D. L. Yount, Sr., Forbes Road, William Laughner; Old Furnaces in Westmoreland County, Rev. Dr. Paul J. Harman; Early Inns and Taverns, Mrs. Frank Maddocks; History in Relation to Education, John H. Elliot; Early Schools of Greensburg and Westmoreland County, Charles DeVaux; Life of Charles Wakefield Cadman, Mrs. Glenn Hyde and Mrs. Esther Frye; Churches of Westmoreland County, Rev. Fr. Felix Fellner, Dept. Modern History, St. Vincent's and Rev. Wm. A. Zundel; Coal Felds of Westmoreland County, Wm. A. Jamison II; Newspapers in Greensburg and Westmoreland County, Errol Derby, Editor of the Daily Tribune; Farms and Farmers, Old and New, in Westmoreland County, W. L. Treager; Our Own Main Street, John H. McKlveen; Canal Systems of Pennsylvania including Westmoreland County, Frank Maddocks; Pennsylvania, A Spot in World History, Dr. Lawrence Thurman, History Dept. University of Pittsburgh; Indians of Pennsylvania, James Gregg; First at the Forks, Calvin Pollins; Round Table Discussion, Judge R. D. Laird, Dr. C. E. Snyder, John McKlveen, Alex Eicher, Joseph Wentling; The Founding of Greensburg, C. E. Marsh; Frank Cowan, John W. Pollins. Additional activities of the Westmoreland Historical Society are the exhibition of educational films to which the public is invited; historical radio plays over WHJB, local station, by members of the drama class of the University of Pittsburgh; and the writing and compiling of this volume, History of Greensburg. First officers-President, James Gregg; Vice President, James Kennedy; Secretary, Homer Bair; Treasurer, Calvin Pollins. Present officers-President, James Gregg; Vice President, Charles F. DeVaux; Secretary, Mary Hyde; Treasurer, Calvin Pollins. 1949 SHAKESPEARE CLUB Greensburg organization worthy of note, which has not only been significant of an underlying interest in culture and learning, but which has as well made its own definite contribution to the cultural life of the community, is the Shakespeare Club. This club was organized January 1, 1909, and is this summer cele- brating its fortieth anniversary, special recognition being given to the only remaining charter members, Mr. and Mrs. John C. Silsley, as well as to Judge and Mrs. Daniel J. Snyder and Dr. Charles F. Maxwell, who have been members for thirty-nine years. The club came into being through the efforts of Mr. Silsley, Reverend McMichael, Reverend Bromer, and A. W. Blackburn. The original members were. Mr. and Mrs. Robert G. Armstrong, Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Blackburn, Mr. and Mrs. L. N. Brainerd, Rev. and Mrs. Edwin S. Bromer, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Fisher, Dr. and Mrs. L. H. Frantz, Mr. and Mrs. Ben G. Graham, Rev. and Mrs. W. J. McMichael, Mr. and Mrs. John C. Silsley, Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Whitten. Regular monthly meetings have been held for eight months of each year since organization for the study and discussion of the plays of Shakespeare and of the original works of other great authors. The method of study followed has been the assignment of specific questions on the topic by a leader with discussion following the answers. It has proved an eminently satisfactory method in promoting study, sustaining interest, and fostering a worthwhile appreciation of great works of literature. Membership has been composed of married couples and has varied from sixteen to twenty-four persons. The meetings rotate among the homes of the members. Many persons prominent in the professional, religious, educational, and civic life of the community have belonged to the organ- ization during the past forty years. The present members are: Mr. and Mrs. Roger K. Buxton, Rev. and Mrs. H. Glenn Carpenter, Mr. and Mrs. Abner E. Henry, Mr. and Mrs. Robert G. Kneedler, Dr. Charles F. Maxwell, Mr. and Mrs. Kirk S. Nevin, Mr. and Mrs. John W. Pollins, Rev. and Mrs. Paul R. Pontius, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph K. Robinson, Mr. and Mrs. John C. Silsley, Judge and Mrs. Daniel J. Snyder. ALPHA PHI OMEGA SORORITY,-Founded April 22, 1932. To promote finer Womanhood. First Officers; President, Alyce White; Vice-President, Imogene Palmer; Secretary, Harriet Quarles; Treasurer, Vivian Reese; Chaplain, Ethel Mae Stokes; Reporter, Mary E. Nimmey; Advisor, Mrs. Thelma Dixon. Present officers; President, Frances Taylor Robinson; Vice-president, Janet Mullen Carter; Recording Secretary, -137- 1799 Vivian Reese Cruse; Financial Secretary, Claudia Walton Wright; Corresponding Secretary, Cecelia Russ Lynch; Treasurer, Radian Nixon Brown; Chaplain, Mattie Antoine Kirkling; Reporter, Harriet Quarles Haile; Seargeant-at-Arms, Edith Hill Haile. THE GREENSBURG COLLEGE CLUB In the late fall of 1917, Miss Martha B. Steckel, County Chairman of the Council of National Defense, summoned the college women of Greensburg and vicinity to form an organization for war work. After two preliminary meetings, an organization was effected .on February 9, 1918. Miss Mary E. McFarland was elected president. The purpose of the organization at that time was to prepare women to take the place of the Four-Minute Men, should they be drafted. Such a need never arose, but in the first two years the club programs, dealing with Thrift .and Americanization, reflect the war-time origin. The war over, a peace time purpose was outlined for the club-"to foster ideals of higher education and to contribute to the educational and civic welfare of the community". One event, instituted in 1918, continues to the present day, that of giving a Spring Tea to the senior girls of the high school of Greensburg and vicinity. The club at this time aims to stimulate a desire for higher education and awards a scholarship to a Greensburg senior. To keep pace with increasing tuition fees, this scholarship has been increased year by year from the original award of one hundred and fifty dollars to the present one of three hundred dollars. During the twenty-three years, the college treasurer has paid to fourteen different colleges for tuition of thirty-one girls, the total sum of seventy-two hundred dollars. Of this amount two scholarships of two hundred dollars each were secured through the generosity of the Kiwanis Club and the late A. E. Troutman. For two scholarships of three hundred dollars each, the club is indebted to unknown friends. The finances for the College Club have been raised by benefit bridge parties, rummage sales, style shows, and the public presentation of the ever popular College Club plays. In 1933, the club authorized the establishment of a scholarship lending fund. Eight girls have availed themselves of the opportunity for borrowing from the fund. In all, $1,545. have been loaned since 1933. Of this amount, $1147.68 have been repaid. The club has endeavored to meet the cultural needs of members and the community. Too numerous to mention are the speakers of local 1949 and national fame who have enriched the programs of the regular and open meetings of the club. The public events of the club have been many and varied. In the first year, the public events were given as Red Cross benefits. In the early years, Mr. and Mrs. Phidelah Rice came often to give readings. Earl Barnes and Dr. Edward Howard Griggs lectured repeatedly. Ida Tarbell drew a large crowd of listeners. In 1923 four plays were enacted by the Guild Players of Pittsburgh. When the Civic Music Association was formed, the College Club abandoned for that year its own public program in order that its booking committee might serve Civic Music. The Club has also sponsored Princess Cantacuzene, Frederick Warde, Major C. E. Russell, Vlado Kolitisch, Count Felix von Luckner and Lowell Thomas. In the early days of the Chamber of Commerce, the College Club maintained three memberships and, where opportunity offered, supported the Chamber of Commerce community projects, notably in the attempt to secure a public library for Greensburg and in the securing of a shade- tree commission. The club gavel, made of the wood from a perfectly healty maple tree cut down by city authorities, in spite of protests, is a memento of events leading up to the establishment of a Shade Tree Commission for Greensburg. In lieu of a public library, the College Club opened in 1933 for the general public a reading room in the school Administration building. In 1935, the Greensburg Public Library, to the support of which the club has been a regular contributor, became a reality. Another community project to which the club has always been a contributor is the Greensburg Playgrounds Association. As the club grew in membership, the activities began to center in groups. The first group to be organized was the Reading Circle, the Drama group, the same year the Current Events group was organized. In 1934, two muscial groups were formed, the Choral Club and the Music Study group. By 1935 members interested in child study organized a group to study questions involving not only their own children but also those of the community. In 1937 mothers interested in dancing lessons for their children fostered Junior Social Dancing. The membership of the College Club has increased steadily from the original 31 to its present total of nearly 400. The present officers are: President, Meriam Wolf; First Vice-Presid- dent, Sally Kough; Second Vice-President, Dorothy Nicewonger; Re- cording Secretary, Mary Alwine; Corresponding Secretary, Dorothy Abramson; Treasurer, Gladys Shrum; Auditor, Regina Rowe.-M.W. -138- 1799 GREENSBURG CLUB OF ITALIAN WOMEN,-Organized 1935. Object: Scholarship. First Officers: President, Julia Brunelli; Vice- president, Jane Rubino; Treasurer, Emily Costa Throm; Secretary, Josephine Castracane. Present Officers: President, Stella B. Zambano; Vice-president, Isabel C. Rugh; Second Vice-president, Virginia Angio- lini; Recording Secretary, Genevieve DeFloria; Corresponding Secretary, Jennie I. Boyd; Treasurer, Sally Scichilone; Historian, Josephine Scichi- lone; Publicity, Elizabeth Just; Directors: Mary Seeno, Carolyn Zam- bano. ORONTES GIRLS' CLUB,-Organized January 23, 1934, to stimulate and encourage education. The first officers of the organization were: Miss Edna Kallie, Organizer and Advisor. Mrs. Dora Joseph Solomon, President; Mrs. Victoria Joseph Massour, Secretary; Mrs. Rose Abraham Anton, Treasurer. Present officers: President, Regina Mansour; Vice- president, Elizabeth Kallie; Recording Secretary, Nancy Hanna; Corresponding Secretary, Margaret Jean Abraham; Treasurer, Amelia Mansour. WESTMORELAND POLO & HUNT CLUB,-Organized January 1, 1914. Incorporated June 16, 1930, to promote health, amateur sports, outdoor exercise, and to be interested in physical, educational, civic and social problems that make for better health and vigor. First Officers: G. M. Laughlin, Jr. President; Jos. C. Head, Vice-president; Burrell R. Huff, Secretary and Treasurer. Present Officers: E. C. Bothwell, President; A. F. Humphrey, Vice-president; D. R. Fisher, Secretary and Treasurer. HILL-TOP SOCIAL CLUB,--Organized June 1934. for the betterment of community and charity. First Officers: Frank Sabatine, Costantine Panichella, Alex Cirelli, Domenick Spino, and James Spino. Present Officers: President, John P. Felice; Vice-president, Ernest Moffa; Financial-Secretary, Sam Damato; Corresponding-Secretary, Joseph R. Sabatine; Treasurer, Louis Nicolai. GREENSBURG BIRD CLUB,-Organized 1938, to promote study of bird life, nature, and conservation. First Officers: President, Max Unger; Vice-president, Alfred Rask; Sec. Treas., Mary McFarland. Present Officers: President, Max Unger, Vice-president, Alfred Rask; Sec. Treas., Mrs. Joseph Fisher. 1949 WESTMORELAND PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY,-Organized 1936, to promote amateur photography. First Officers: President, Paul S. Bair; Vice-president, James Stewart; Secretary, Lewis Clawson: Present Officers: President, John F. Alms; Vice-president, Dr. H. E. Kimmel; Secretary, Early Lincoln. WESTMORELAND-FAYETTE COUNCIL BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA,-The Boy Scouts were organized about 1910-1911, to promote character building and citizenship training. Present officers: President, John Barclay, Jr., Scout Executive, J. T. Ewing. CATHOLIC DAUGHTERS OF AMERICA,-Organized April 27, 1917, to promote social and cultural activities. First Officers: Grand Regent, Miss Ella Murphy; Vice Regent, Mrs. Cecilia Nicely. Present Officers: Grand Regent, Mrs. Evalyn Kinkead, Vice Regent, Mrs. Emily White. GREENSBURG EDUCATION ASSOCIATION,-Organized between 1916 and 1924. Present Officers: Evald E. Erickson, President; Gerald Silvis, Vice-president; Gladys Baer, Secretary; Margaret Young, Treas. SOUTHWEST GREENSBURG PARENT MUSICAL ASSOCIA- TION,-to promote musical activities in Southwest Greensburg. Present Officers: Glenn R. Stough, President; John B. Kepple, Vice-president; Mrs. W. J. Highberger, Secretary; Mrs. Alwyn Lewis, Treasurer. TUESDAY LITERARY CLUB,-Organized March 4, 1929. to furnish funds to buy books for children's room in library. First Officers: Laura L. Lindblom, President. Present Officers: Mrs. John W. Pollins. THE FRIDAY CLUB,-Constituted in 1892. The Friday Club was a charter member of the Greensburg Library Association. First Officers,- President, Joseph H. Moore, Secretary, Mrs. John C. Silsley. Present Officers,-President, Miss Frances Shallenberger; First Vice President, Mrs. Alan Wood; Second Vice President, Mrs. Henry G. Seidel; Secre- tary-Treasurer, Miss Hester B. Fogg. GREENSBURG TOASTMISTRESS CLUB,-Constituted 1943. Ob- ject. Self improvement. First Officers,-President, Mrs. George Rugh; Vice President, Mrs. Regina Flowers; Treasurer, Mrs. David Lloyd; Secretary, Miss Gwen Baird. Present Officers,-President, Mrs. Peter G. Archibald; Vice President, Elsie S. Gibson; Secretary, Mrs. Edward Snyder; Treasurer, Sarah Painter. -139- 1799 1949 Newspapers and Periodicals A FAMILY NEWSPAPER; DAEVOTE , NEWS, PLITICSH ICU MORALITY AND I! LT ,il@!,.@'Et D,, I,, lin , pr aon i. w|, Siht iut,'lt'er aud Proprieor.] VOL, XIX, No. 50. 'IN E~S'Nl '!,%.. P, U IIY IN N)XU- 'N .I\' - 'S ,: "S \ N ,S'(' II N ii SS_ 00 P'er Alw_-- Sioe oftieN FiesFh Ce,1. 1111 1111, No, 1039. Like so many other things to their credit the first newspaper is attributed to the Chinese, the date unknown. Actually, however, it was to a German, Gutenberg to which all printed word today really owes its origin. Sometime in the period between 1440 and 1450 he experimented in the making of better types than was then known, and is generally credited with having invented movable type. Others in the years following improved on Gutenberg in most all the European world. With the establishment of the early American colonies it was but natural that the printing press and the craft of the day should also- emigrate. Cambridge, near Boston, became the site of this infant in- dustry in this country. From this bit of a beginning the current published word in this nation had its start. What was more natural, too, than the first newspaper in this country should also be born in the region of Boston? It appeared in Boston late in the year of 1620 but it did not last long. The Boston News-Letter was the first real newspaper to remain in existence for any length of time. It began in 1704 and continued to 1776. The famed Boston Gazette began in 1719. It was the leading newspaper in America at the time of the Revolution and a staunch supporter of the patriots' cause. With this bit of background let us have an early look at Greensburg and Westmoreland County. We must jump a historic span of 80 years. FIRST PAPER FOUNDED It was on May 24, 1799 that John M. Snowden and William Mc- Corkle founded the Farmers' Register, of which the present Greensburg Daily Tribune, the first daily newspaper established in Westmoreland County is the lineal descendent. Perhaps it is because Greensburg, from its inception, was more or less of a cultural community; or perhaps because this community has always been a hotbed of political activity that it has had a long history of newspaper activities. In the early days, there were many political and civic arguments over the distribution and cutting up of what was then known as the western territory. Such arguments usually wound up in worthy political issues. Elections were looked upon in a most serious manner and this, no doubt, resulted from time to time in the establishment of new publi- cations devoted to favorite issues. Original Plant of C. M. Henry L. to r. Frank P. Walthour Vernon C. Berry Fred Dahlman Walter Mitchell and Peter Shambora -140- Air T.inp 11 ilma d to t o', i;,. - - 111, ..... ..J I..1:............ A llllll l l l llW:lTw a r . . . ... GRE'NSBURCIi, PA., TH IMIR | 1101CI;, I '.) iIl. 1853 , 1799 1949 AND FARMERS- CH R ONI CE- VOL. XL1-- NO. 17. ,1iL REEIN SEURl I, PA., fIURSDAY, JULY 29, 1858. WHOLE NO. 2099. . .. .... ..... ..... . I:tra1tu:, our miuli and iron orkings, and i u t cixtesive I . ry Rlail", "ld ir,,n ti, of machinery, will, after a few yeari, dc,troy-4 both litotit aud security. U.apiwal is in t ,' eca",try. Th Y hoN.v 6-.-rht oL, t lur still f.rther reduce the cost of production Some of these newspapers had but brief existence of a month. Others lived to establish long years of tradition as the bearers of fresh news as well as the sponsor of notable issues. The Greensburg Daily Tribune and the Greensburg Morning Review today represent the outgrowth of years of experiment in the newspaper publishing business in Westmoreland County. Both papers are owned by the Tribune Review Publishing Co. and Robert B. Herbert is their publisher. Samuel S. George is now the Editor of the Morning Review, and Errol H. Derby is the Editor of the Tribune. Let us return now to the Farmers' Register, born in about the period when the Revolutionary War was two decades old. Nine years after its founding by Messrs. Snowden and McCorkle, it was sold to W. S. Graham, who emigrated to Greensburg from Philadelphia. He changed the name to the Greensburg and Indiana Register and Farmers' Chronicle. It was again sold in 1830 to Joseph K. Russell, who operated it for the next 11 years. Then he formed a partnership with David K. Marchant, a printer, who in 1834 became sole owner. In 1856 Marchant sold an interest to Andrew Graham who in turn became sole owner when the Civil War broke out in 1861. Less than a year later Graham sold the paper to James F. Campbell and Co. and the paper's name changed to the Westmoreland Republican-undoubtedly the Lincoln influence and a rise in the fortunes of the Republican party. Sometime before this period, William A. Stokes also came to Greens- burg from Philadelphia, becoming one of the more prominent attorneys of the day. Like other attorneys to come after him, Stokes had an itching to dip an editorial pen and he bought the Republican in 1863. He lasted but a year and then sold the paper to W. W. Keenan, who owned the Greensburg Democrat, a publication which had been started in the meantime. The Needle's Eye and Camel. i Two in Reaven. GREENSBURG DEMOCRAT STARTED The Greensburg Democrat was started November 18, 1853 by Edward J. Keenan and John Klingensmith, Jr. It was distinctly a .political organ and a live newspaper during the hey-day of the Keenan family in Westmoreland politics. E. J. Keenan was the publisher of the Republican and the Democrat until 1871 when the property was pur- chased by Kline and Co. a firm composed of Dr. W. J. Kline and Amos B. Kline. The word Republican was dropped and the paper became the Westmoreland Democrat. In 1882 it was sold to B. F. Vogle and T. R. Winsheimer and for the next 26 years they published a vigorous Demo- cratic weekly. The latter two capable editors and managers rather resented the invasion of their field by the daily newspapers and worked hard to retain individuality for their weekly. This they succeeded in doing for a number of years. In 1908 the Westmoreland Democrat was sold by Vogle and Winsheimer to James K. Clarke of Greensburg, who, within two years time sold it to the Greensburg Publishing Co., and it finally passed into the hands of the Tribune Review Publishing Co. by a consolidation of the newspaper business in Greensburg which took place January 1, 1924. The Democrat was continued as a weekly until early fall of 1946 when it was discontinued by the Tribune Review Publishing Co. The Federalists started the Greensburg Gazette in 1811. Prior to that time the old Register had the field and this movement on the part of the other party in politics was the first indication that Greensburg was to become an important battleground for newspaper men in the political history of the state. It is to the Greensburg Gazette that the Daily Tribune of today really owes its existence. -1-41- --- ~-~ -----~~~~- ~~- '-~ ~~~~ -~-- TI - WIDOW. 1799 1949 aATES OF ADVETBttIN. I squre, 3 timee .. ......... ..............$1 Of m a 3 mouths...... .................. 3 o.CL, I month ............ .......... 4 O i 1s5LEoNoD , I ye tyoar.................... 6 C 2 6 montha.. ... ............5 ( IILLIA -AW W. KEENAN, 2 1 yonth....... .........S ot 40 3 11 6 mont ............ ............ ...... ? o IN Tr 1 1103OUGor OP year....... .................. . 0i 4 ltE.3UR;, IlVESTMOFLANID CO. PA. colulmn,6 months ...... ............ ...... ...... 10.41( liial 1 1 year . ......... ...... ...... .........1 t 1FRtlAY MhNING. 1 6 months-**... ' ...... .......5..20 00 1 a- ;R aw I ~~~ 9 a~r~er a..r~~,~~~.rt i~~~a ~~ _ year ....... ............... .,...... 036 Ou 9[et 3E] 3EXt3%& Et iI yj r ovll%fi8 e1crtip-.i liti, A4dotaistrationce4r. eslohi .............. n4 Two Dollarr a .Y(nr in vanee. Ietor. 1trt i 4o trno CAditows' Notes, ot .... 2 .iti ice on Pittsbut"gh Street,below June- - -------- 0, O s.1a;,lieJl Line, in small adrrtiaements Coo ~tret, is the socoud otary 01 Cowne VOl. It. GiREENSBURG, WESTOIELAI D COIUNTY, I'A., FRII)AY, DECEM BER 11, 1863. NO. 5. wilt, bs eya ,h o d asypet A 5Motlaer' Grief. Thy'on seont him home, ala to die I My fist-horn, nollo boy; They've crushed a tovinr mother's heart, And rolbed lifo of its joy. 'Twos hut one short, short year one, Ile rose is patriot pride, And buckled spur ad sabre on, The Conduct or tie War. [Correspondence of the New Yohk TIimes.] Ti BF.Inxs, -Nov., 18633. The readers of the T.'imes will hear fin witness that I hose uttered hut oile opinioll on the proper military mode of conduti g tbggdand that, unfortunately, (if the Wihy was it not done ? Grant had three TilE LMANCtIPATIS)N RitEiIC. i Mrs Livermttore and itfrrued her that she corps ; one of washeriawassuple enough to TheXindof Ladies Vlhom "Cld " La hon oould tot tke their Ilurses. Thereupon defend the line of the I]issirsippi. Wherc ord with it. Mrs. Livermoe,assutifin. a commanding tone, re tnarked: were the others ? One went to Arlansa 1Woaenoohtdr t akt n [From the Columbus i. Crisis i and one to Louisiana, or at least large part thhu insrl orunet, th'I Co nrd take the iurses and begone of thelo. withl theilll of them. Now, what I wish to say is draft of tle negro . Emanciputin Proela- i lsoto Who ar voto that .-.1s*, _.- .C T:.I-t T1,-1. :-,) -_ Mrs. "ahemrr, e-llWoaevuta More Political Proscription in thz Army. C)nc of the grossest cases cf ljustice on the part of the administralion, is le dis- misal of Major Hlaller frout the army, without trial or even accusatio, but aosuw edly froet personal and politic;l spite - There were few more accomplished or gal- David McLean was the first editor of the Gazette. Frederick J. Cope became its editor in 1822 when McLean moved to Pittsburgh. Cope sold the paper to John Black and Son in 1828 and four years later the father retired and the son changed the name of the paper to the Westmoreland Intelligencer. In a short time the Intelligencer was purchased by R. C. Fleeson, who had formerly been with the Pittsburgh Dispatch. Later it was owned by John Ramsey, and in 1839 John Arm- strong purchased it and with his son, James, edited the paper for a period of about 10 years. SENTINEL BEGAN IN 1840 The Sentinel was another new paper to be started in 1840 by John F. Beaver, a prominent member of the bar. This was one of the first instances of a newspaper being created merely to share in a political campaign. It also was one of those instances of which there are many in the country- a publication being born for such a proposition and not being able to weather the trying gales. Shortly after the campaign the Sentinel was bought by the Armstrongs and merged with the Intelligencer. Wbr wiri'allf I'TAMIMY nEWSPAPER: N'n*Ltk0tn LanSI =9liffenee, Literste, -0-1s, X-114itY, Pt0iOn0, -dg O-frail s-4eiely, InaTI a PUBLIRED EVERY WXDXWDAV, 41SIROBURO, WETMORELAND coNTY, PA. my D) W. SURTYOAL. -Z xiaMs- Two Dalsare Per Annum. IP P4ID .Y ADVANCE. 911"Mors n6glneting to pal in dTane, or nual ur n ill se-d-pn 41 i ths V-P&M.enU .epd a, ZT11 a, mN dOl.TO Ir ~ ~ ~ ~ im 1,-I 1803*-.L. - Sk$ S2trnrnbur~ 3~1Il -To PARMRv OUR NAIO.YAL1r2, 11 MS EA M71N AxEIZICA." WEDNESDAY MORRNING, APRIL 19,1865. J OLD SERIFS; N O. 1654. VOL X-.-1. is. Whole Xe,1. RAT8 ow AoDVsx,ris infl. Neepetmela it,e osset, mnsh,sh. b.nedlma thrOreeot hwh adrnim. e..ak ti sabho. tik e rfwfrom IMsPm,lAGS. nsaoEstIeII (etm tao nane Ive., at Znp- ',eantimits asquare lilawas tdlaf'tl btw4 teg iAWell itseaonnd Adult.. Oan. octaq il- Itratora %ol.eh -t .0 uditoa Nn.Ue... 50 - N ja 1P-hf 4 teA1U N a *am' etssa eieeged (i m. nno 0 ff eqa.Iossli e.a.po tiaOni 4I EtS eai-n .o.p. Nc in L l o line toreseh ifeaertlea . Ade.tiam...t e in not ake i'lle,datinlb ofsention. ill beesntinUe UI.eni. ..d one - ah-cd -oordilaly, at the WK&I -I-.r -142- "ou!ixi o Partaersbip. Linn Wn%tenoaIth Dedieation of GmpI Spech of President Lincoln. uajet of the Goverment, civil ta d milit:,I' Rebel Machine Shops in Richmond. hThe hg deriruaf t th DI Nwiellpe- OL saW s a ltPWI rke rburgele el ar, h s g, Pa. r, i regard to thinSl4tes in to again gt at thirn here ltite Vm odeareote afI'see Nwowetsn, boi a tate PItksrDbtigult. Xnft'T.F i 1I RtREBY IVEN th.J- thlom to that arnail ration I hetiee I.rmtnog tnnnia Vn.w aS the CeSd. was known ahaada. tt in acrtisuta- t.... 4,i.. 5,m., .t I beientve. .. ~- ----- -- I __ 1799 D. W. Shryock Established 1818. GREENSBURG, WESTMORELAND COUNe.I , PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 21,1876. 1949 R. W. Herbert New Series--Vol'.$, N. 2S. PROFESSIONAL CARDS. I RAILROAD TIME TABLES. I POETRY. i'.., a i I . s u,I lbi VANILLA OR STRAWBERRY? INTERIOR VIEWS. BLACK HILLS TO BE FED. MISCELLANEOUS. D. W. Shryock, of Salem Township, purchased the Intelligencer from the Armstrongs in November, 1850, and in the heated "Know- Nothing Campaign" he changed its name to the American Herald and later it became known as the Greensburg Herald. For many years it was the mouthpiece of the Whig, later the Republican party. The Tribune was founded in 1870 by J. F. McAffee and ran in opposition to the Herald. Not long after this D. S. Atkinson and T. J. Weddell purchased the Herald from Mr. Shryock and a short period later a consolidation with the Tribune was effected. The paper published under the name of Tribune and Herald. The Tribune became a daily publication in 1886, which was the first attempt at operating a daily newspaper in the county. For many years Findley Houseman was its editor. In 1900, Crombie Allen, Pitts- burgh newspaper man, became editor of the paper and finally secured a controlling interest which was later sold to R. W. Herbert, a native of Salem Township, who had learned the printing trade in Greensburg and later became a famous Pittsburgh newspaper man. He edited the Tribune until his death on February 15, 1923. The Democratic Times was published for a brief period in 1875-76. In 1878 the publication was sold to a conpany which published the National Issue in the interest of the Greenback Party. Finally after a rather uncertain career, it resulted in the Evening Press, which was established through the efforts of Calvin A. Light. Three years later the Press was sold to J. H. Ryckman and James B. Laux, and later became another evening daily. The interest of Mr. Ryckman later was bought by H. J. Brunot. THE DEMOCRATIC VOL. 1. GREENSBURG, PA., TIRSDAY, JUI,Y 20, 1876. profegsional Warba. H D. FOSTER, A TTOR R Y-A 2-L A W, MAIN STRZERT, OREENSBUI.G, PA. jAC. TURNEY, TIMES. NO. 44. ailroab ime-lables. (Cl)oice goe l . Y'ple. od, in His providence, lsha THE WORD OF PROMISE TO THE EAR SHADE AND SUNSHINE, ---gten us a glorious couutry,-and ho%v ENNSYLVANI RAILOAD REFORMATION. of the nineteen this c entury, we have so Tile following well-written review of Oats are selling at ten cents a bushel PENNSYLVANIA, RAILOAD,REFORMATION. of the niniietenth cenlturly, we Iave so ngr trains will deprt o te e l y inc representing us ill i IghHayes' letter of acceptance, is extracted in Kansas. ger trains will depart from te et refr ion be the watchword amid the LId poitiol who le not contcn ir the l'hiladclphla Ti , and is wor- All of the Pittsburg glas factories ex- tations In this county, on tie P'ennsylvallia arity ioootnte ralroad, on and after Monday,April 17th 1 From New Yorks rock-boulld shores, to Call- it fixed and legitimate salaries, but thy of a perusal by all, as being the view cept one are idle ASTWAID WE STWiARD sI i t e i , d ake le l aeslll r and ii l t then fro an Independent standpoint:-s]pizooty is prevailing among the horses -, , rin; tie governmen iiil cr r, . . O "(:atcI .t ;I1 ct I valleys, all. let tile citie's teke fron'the pockets of thile Icole, the 1horfordl it. ayes , the Iresiden- in Chester county. p07cle'5 loliy, tlle lot ollly cclcr~,- latetial ccanda clte Iy Iorton, (onk- . ,' . ,, With Tilden as a leader well rout tile pluln- prisingt their ow idi i,l.ll iatr hr o was a ter, ut lie ent 1.,,I,,,- I III 1 (1 1(l 111 . ; ,~~ 11 1.. .... : ..... ] ~ ... : -- '. . -143- _ _ _ ___ 1; prmofat+, 1799 1949 ACKNOWLEDGMENT WE ACKNOWLEDGE GRATEFULLY HELP FROM THE FOLLOWING: PICTURES Ida Anderson, Wm. Burhenn, Paul Brown, James Bowman, Vance Booher, W. C. L. Bayne, Viola Byerly, Geo. E. Berry Printing Co., Mrs. Wreatha Barie, Chas. R. Baker, John B. Brunot, Harry S. Brewer Boy Scouts of America, Girl Scouts of America, Pearl Crosby, Mrs. Florence Contic, Nancy Carothers, Mrs. Cummings, Dr. Richard Cole, Win. T. Dom, III, Alvie Daerr, Alex Eicher, Geo. J. Fox, Mrs. Joseph Fogg, Mrs. James Fiscus, Mrs. Robert Gill, Prof. Carl G. Gardner, John F. Haines, Mrs. Robert J. Hunter, Chas. Hoffer, Lydia Heller, Chas. M. Henry Printing Co., Mrs. John M. Horn, Cyrus Hoffer, J. Wallace Johnston, Oscar Johnston, Richard T. Jennings, Sr., A. D. Kuhns, Mrs. Lillian Kemp, Mrs. H. H. Knoblock, Mrs. Stella H. Keck, Mrs. Carrie K. Kunkle, Katherine Keefer, Ralph L. Kough, Wm. J. Laughner, Mrs. Robt. Lynch, Mr. & Mrs. Thomas Lynch, Hon. Richard D. Laird, Chas. E. Marsh, Mrs. Anna H. Miller, Harry Murray, Alex McConnell, Libbie McQuaide, Harry T. Malley, Frank B. Miller, Clyde B. Moore, Ralph E. Murtland, Robert B. Mitinger, Chas. McKee, Mrs. Martha Morgan, Dr. Paul Marsh, John H. Nimmey, Edward F. Nowlin, Merle Osterwise, Dr. Leslie Pierce, Mrs. W. J. Potts, Robert Potts, R. P. Probst, J. E. Paulson, Calvin Pollins, Mrs. Paul Perry, Mrs. Eleanor N. Portser, Clifford Palmer, Mrs. Edith Painter, Mrs. Carl Pierce, Mrs. Mae F. Reed, G. A. Remaley, Romayne Rugh, Oscar Rask, Mrs. Mary Martin Sparks, Mrs. Henry R. Sarver, Mrs. A. F. Simpson, W. C. Sturgeon, Walter Stephenson, Struble Bros.-Wilkinsburg, Mrs. Clarence Shuey, Wm. Stuck, Seton Hill College, Elvira Sweeny, Mrs. O. B. Snyder, Mrs. Fred Seanor, Mrs. J. J. Singer, Paul L. Thomas, Frank P. Walthour, Mrs. Louise Willis, Wm. Woods, Clark Walthour, Amos Weaver, V. E. Williams, D. L. Yount, Joseph D. Wentling. DATA John B. Brunot, Harry S. Brewer, Mrs. Florence Contic, Wilson R. Fleming, George Fox, Mr. & Mrs. Thomas Lynch, Hon. Richard D. Laird, Alex McConnell, Vance Booher, Harry Malley, Frank B. Miller, Edward and Robert Mitinger, Robt. Potts, Tribune-Review Pub. Co., Seton Hill College, Paul Brown, James Cope, E. E. Allshouse, Michael Manos, Dr. M. E. Patrick, Samuel S. George, Wm. Petz, Harry Mc- Knight, J. Wallace Johnston, Samuel B. Bulick, Edna McFarland, Wm. J. Laughner, Malcolm Burgess, Mrs. Mary C. Hyde, Katherine Friedel, Joseph D. Wentling, Paul Brown, Frank M. Newcomber, Arthur T. Wilson, S. Gbg. Schools, Merle Osterwise, Mrs. Frances Buxton, Joseph Cherry. Allshouse, E. E.-E. E. A. Bayne, W. C. L.-W. C. L. B. Bott, John B.-J. B. B. Brugger, Fr. Linus-Fr. L. B. Buxton, Roger K.-R. K. B. Cope, Harry E.-H. E. C. Coulter, Margaret-M. C. Derby, Errol H-E. H. D. DeVaux, Charles F.-C. F. D. Flath, A. W.-A. W. F. Gardner, Carl G.-C. G. G. Gregg, James-J. G. Hamm, Frank-F. H. Identification of Contributing Writers Harman, J. Paul-J. P. H. A. J. Hudock-A. J. H. Mohr, Sr. Marie Helene-Sr. M. H. M. Heller, Lydia-L. H. Highberger, Elmer, Jr.-E. H. Jamison, W. W. Jr.-W. W. J., Jr. Maddocks, Mrs. Frank-A. S. M. McCandless, W. A.-W. A. M. McCormick, John-J. M. Metcalfe, H. S.-H. S. M. Mitinger, Robert B.-R. B. M. Morgan, Martha-M. M. Nimmey, John M.-J. M. N. Pollins, Calvin E.-C. E. P. Pollins, John W.-J. W. P. Potts, Robert L.-R. L. P. Rask, Oscar-O. R. Rowe, J. Wyant-J. W. R. Schaller, Arthur-A. S. Sr. M. Thaddeus-Sr. M. T. Wentling, Jos. D.-J. D. W. Wentling, Thos. L.-T. L. W. Wolf, Miriam-M. W. Yount, David L. Sr.-D. L. Y. Zimmerman, Eric-E. Z. 1799 1949 H. J. Brunot A GREENSBURG ADVERTISER Is willing to make a#rdavit that One Single Insertion of his advertise- ment in the "ARGUS" brought Im- mediate Results, whereas the sami announcement in the dailies for two consecutive weeks, or 12 insertions, brought not even one response. 1t91t0, AN ADVERTISEMENT In a single issue of the "ARGUS" is read by more country people than one in both dailies for an entire week. If country custom is desired, advertisements should be planted in soil that will prove productive of the best results. VOLUME. 49. GREENSBURG, WES' RAILROAD TIME-TABLES. 0..a asnthl, A i-. . r tu M t ........ X.......... . Usii................ be. y,.. t' - I ! T 1 VPI 0l 11f1 PEOnl 11 I FIRST PUBLISHING HOUSE To Mr. Brunot goes the distinction of erecting the first big publishing house in Greensburg. It still stands in West Otterman St. and is now known as the IOOF Building. During U. S. Senator Quay's regime, a group of Republican politicians including Sen. John M. Jamison and James S. Beacom, purchased the Press. They brought Walter J. Christy of Pittsburgh to Greensburg as the editor and later Edward A. Cremer, who afterward served three terms a Register of Wills in Westmoreland County, was the editor. In 1901 the Press was consolidated with the Tribune and it was then that the Tribune Press Publishing Co. was formed. On January 1, 1924, the holdings of the Tribune Press Publishing Co., which were owned by various men of prominence in the political and business life. of Greensburg, were sold to E. Arthur Sweeny and Robert B. Herbert, who organized the present Tribune Review Pub- lishing Co. About the beginning of this new century, the newspaper business began to run wild in the county seat. By this time the big advertising era on the part of merchants began to take shape. Acts of Assembly made it mandatory that certain legal advertising be placed in the newspapers. Patent medicine vendors had discovered that great fortunes were to be made in selling their nostrums when sufficient exploitation was given in the public press. TMORET,AND COUNTY, JULY 27, 1898. NUM-BER 35. i ,roir nd tri,ti r virtI~'hr- TIn mptl. . THE GHOST OF THE MAINE., ill (ltlluIA 0 IIIi W.I -lt Iily I l ith-to - hilvo Is-,-d th ft,oriw - It-n Dcr. r Vrt .. th. A.W11ft wy,nilg ,.I cvi| rvi,, but he's i-i I ll t la ,hl ut 1, t uso l,pt n tto t ) A l4ft In, lltunl allanl deel rigt "It, illil l, lrvicl, a u tr, lr ,"dtiny will gr.w w'llry of prt- With Dr. S a d o o e tHeItun. I.ipi ittI us ll. 1ihl.l Wht. 1.n- t. itiyr Drih ur, Or preloid beith N w l Dthank "l'rr 1=uhr - lollilother use v, ls e iing ermo la the Rformed oturih it turu to conllZgrn. I thnk iv,b,ly will IMo at Wan,rh.. bllluill , Fred riok eouaty Yd.,&l.- )emocratic Atecord In the iabjt I, i. "n rulilg out" Ilt - "ti ii i lid for 0- eye. ThI , llls c.r n . d. July 10, to ood .d ry tt ; _r r n ........ -r ,,k i.s I. o,. f- f- .. bs A.. r in ....dna dAta . . .. ..da g . d , rthaoiti t,. al..- 8 PAGES Cbe morning Star 8 PAGES .r ~r --- r----- S Ime--sa ruO~ .EVENING EXTRA.. Two Bullets of an Assassin Penetrate the Body of the President While He Stood in Music Hall at the Buf- V falo Exposition. President McKinley was shot down by an assassin as he stood in the Music Hall at the Buffalo Exposition. about 5 THEtMATYREDPRIESDEIT. o'clock this evening. The assassin has been arrested and the city is said tobe in a mighty turmoil. The details surrounding the assassin- President 1'cKinley was at the expo- ain are meager ad eforts to ition on account of President's day held ation are meager and efforts to gain in-esterday. The party included the presi- formation by wire and telephone prove dent and wife. irs. Barbour Dr and rs. edeetood wife. irs. Barbour, Dr. and firs. futile. rixer, t1r. and firs. Cortelyou all of whom The report of the President's death is had come from Canton. confirmed. It is said that his death wa At 5:3 no further details can be learned. One umor reported over the not instantaneous but that it came thwires states that the assassin is an an- -144-- in a few minutes after he had been re rchist who was chosen at PattersoaNJ. moved. It do lir dasardv deed. r . It Q,el I V/ 1799 4 O'CLOCK EDITION. 1949 0ften butg Paia l WtibEnt. AWEYMTISING RAIES. R lb. Iyr "Uy w..d . rbtiod k. W.=uj .Mcet.y toot bI. Par Web po. toossd'k ti : d ,t ; ELEVENTH YEAR. GREENSBURG. PA.. FRIDAY EVENING. MAY 26. 1899. PRICE ONE CENT. GEN. LUNA ARRESTEP. A PROBABLE MUR-DER A~ FULL LOK UP. GREAT DAY FOR-h hu-,ok, T l°*to EUUUyEEUUUEhEEHUE hll 'lllLh i nowl , ight llyn I .slllt Shrl REAlEN(11 . uB . ............. 2iv0 pickpok.t -re pulld iny 'tts- hGrt d -ts:t.ysterd.y nd wre tken bu,k to therlty by tie olli e!s I"t night. NSB UH :lh. Dryr. an a1-ed l1-ian from tbrn)L. & Katoll ad (i_eore Al,whell, fron the main town. jllpod on to a man natmd Me-h- r and brat him. This niorriiiiffhe trio wer, fined $& h1ilip Pipe , who 19 ws-st-tel)d to Imt-~ 25,000 People Make Merry Within Our.. .. ti-P9 1,,ad .1- I-id,dth _oll lo It {ll Ilo k servillgh huts - thn Andsron of this plite. ws Cates Yesterday, .ll,,ther viiLor w*) his old roost, the lock- up s". cdin i t ,ie .... . ..... . th, ll llw ho live with hk; father The Americans Have a Holt Figit With Insurgenti. SIX OF OUR MEN WOUITDt ), Ton Iesrs,t Kilil and se-rl C,,p- tured -I.700 Sp-. S.nl1 l.l.rl E.1c- U te to the I ul ,lt*- lipr|b- . Ug In ,tK .er. 'II*. ii, i.hi 1 i',iiiyi L-yiyy, Publ-hers' Pre- Calblegram t Trl!bne. Mla11, May , ---ldjor Bo,u's I al In of the First (lifrna volu. n, lIft for Negros last night to Lshilt in quelling the uprialg In the south-in prt of the islald and on the West oat. of Cob. Ayulnlaldo's on,iii..i.on I, who wre Serious Shooting Affray at the Cen- tennial Thursday. PRINCIPALS ARE CROOKS. Jol Crl o. Alleghb..y Shot I the Shoulr a..d Al,.o.n by a Al- laced Ia Wth Wo. Us ltd • )UYrrlL A mian who gave his name as John Craig lid reilnce, Alleheny, wis shot in the shouller and abdonen, Thursday, shortly IN.re oo., whi.le sn.ding at the orner of Sedond nd South Main strees. The .nn ha did the booting es-aped. i,uoe tino I.tr a rnan whogv.Y his. na s - nlny N.WId Mrs. Gertrude Khl. deieased. late of I)orry township. bequeaths all her proper- I to her husband. The borflo Wl. rwn of Crabtreh., rn t eff lat ""lllg lllhllg the v.hl.l. and njurlIin Mr. Bwn. By his will. Fiebrary 15. l,. Robert F. Creok,. d.eca"d, of UpIlr Iiurrell town- ship, bequeaths all hi ri.e to Ill. wife. A light iy on tie rood of Johnb Otr. wks'a house In the Fifth wardl, at noon yaterdy,was extlngulshL without much Th.e Frt National bnk of IJrwin, has eolribt,eld,; John II. Anderson. la- tol*:,$510. and Jon A. Inirof Laitrob,l, $14). to tu hospital fllud nakwig the towal toilet. $1,5:L".t I. Huodr., , f A;l n Ac. or parnlil by theirfriends, while ittndillng the renetl- nil yst ib y vllptd lth iywly -,tledi.d IN THE DAYS OF THE LONG AGO. A Few Brief Memories of the Ancient Borough of Creensburg, The desire for political supremacy, combined with an idea that a great fortune lay in the newspaper publishing business caused many people, who knew nothing about the printing business, to engage in it. This condition, of course, was not confined to Greensburg, but was general throughout the country. Magazines and newspapers sprung.up overnight, and in many instances, withered just as quickly. And so, along about 1900, we find four daily newspaper publications in as many different printing plants in Greensburg. There had appeared on the scene by this time a new face, that of David J. Berry, who had conducted a successful small afternoon daily known as the Clipper, in Latrobe. Mr. Berry conceived the idea that with a large farming com- munity in Westmoreland County, a morning newspaper published from the county seat would be a paying proposition. FIRST TYPESETTING MACHINE The Daily Tribune at that time had one linotype machine, which was uncertain in its production. Mr. Berry, therefore, established the Morning Star, with hand compositors doing the work, but soon switched to the mechanical type-setting machine. Political fortunes at this period had swung to the Republican party and all daily papers were upholding the majority group. Mr. Berry's Morning Star proved to be a financial failure and it was sold at sheriff's sale to a group of Democrats composed of James K. Clarke, John B. Keenan and Albert H. Bell. Under direction of Mr. Clarke, the Star was converted into an evening paper and began to crusade for a return to the principles of the Democratic Party in Westmoreland County. Undaunted, Mr. Berry almost immediately started the organization of another publishing company and within a few months had the Greens- burg Morning Review in the field. Its city editor was E. Arthur Sweeny, who had worked for Mr. Berry on his other morning paper. This was the period in which the town had four dailies, Tribune, Press and Star in the evening field and the Review in the morning. The fipld was greatly "overnewspapered" and none of the papers, with the exception of the Tribune, which was entirely in possession of the political patronage, were able to make any money. This situation brought about the purchase of the Press by the Trib- une and of the Review by Mr. Clarke. Morning and evening publications were maintained by both extablishments, but with no better results from a financial standpoint. -145- 1799 1949 E. Arthur Sweeny TH E GREENSBURG E V ENING STAR VOL.' IX-NO. 108. JUCGE STEEL ANNULS . B, FRANCHISE ENOCKS THE P. McK. & W. CO. OUT OP OCCUPANCY OF STREETS OF WEST NEWTON. GREENSBURG, PA., SATURIDAY, JULY 24, 1909. DEATH OF W. J. MILLER. Expired Suddenly of Heart Disease This Morning at His Home on Alwine Avenue. Villial Jaolo) Miller, a well known telecgraph operator, who residel at 114 AlMine avcnue died ldlenly thi inmorn ing. He %as etlployed by the Pennsyl- vania ailroad ctompany anl was sta- lione at tl,e'"l' tower ltween. Wssc- nwr and Fast Pittbbrg. Yesterdlay af- ternoon Ihe went to his work as u;ual. crming ,hom on the "owl train' aist niglit. This morning about 720 o'clock, his wife was awakened by hearing hini gping for brel and in a short time afterwards he ,xpircd. For a considerable time lie had suffer- ANOTHER NEW CHURCH TO BE IN TOWN WILL BE LAID ON PENN STREET, THE CORNER STONE OF A. M. E. ED- IFICE WILL BE LAID ON PENN ,T,rV ' aTTrTTQr I'. SOCIAL 7- Patty-Murray. Jool L. Fatty, of Delnont, and Miss Xl,1c.M. Alur.ay), daughlter of %r. anld , i. AllertI Murray, of Blairsville, were married \tedneclsday, July 21, by Dr. F. S. 'lrarford, at ldi r'ilnre at lndiana. Mtr. n.1 Patly will lice in lelhnont, wcere tlil flolrtier i4 entlllyed int the mills. Engagement Announced. t a niacella ou s shlower givten at. hcr .1111nc(,t home Itt.-r Vidg4view on 'IlTrs day, ill hoIor of lMisc RoinAyc Kiclu1, li.e llarro,l W il, ;Illioutcd liss Ei- Notice to Our Readers With This Number The Greensburg Evening Star Suspends Publication. The Decision to do This Was Reached With Regret, But Local Conditions Seem to Have Made it Unavoidable. ZUNDEL AND WINEMAN'S RED TAG SALE ONE CENT A COPY. EN ROUTE TO LOYALHANNA BATTLEFIELD HISTORICAL SOCIETY MEMBERS OF PITTSBURG WENT THROUGH GREENSBURG TO DAY. Finally, The Tribune Press Publishing Co. discontinued the Morning Press. Mr. Clarke, who individually owned the Review, withdrew it from the plant of the Westmoreland Printing and Publishing Co., which was the incorporated firm which owned the Star, and which suspended publication and began publication on his own account, of the Review, in the Westmoreland Democrat office then on East Otterman St., in March, 1909. Within a few weeks the firm failed and Mr. Clarke sold his morning paper and the Westmoreland Democrat to three of his employees, James W. P. Hart, who formerly had edited the Star, E. Arthur Sweeny and Frank E. Seifert. They formed the Greensburg Publishing Co. in September and continued to publish the Review, daily, and the Democrat, weekly, until 1923 when the entire holdings went into the newly organized Tribune Review Publishing Co. Mr. Hart sold out his original holdings in the Greensburg Publishing Co. to the other two partners soon after the firm was formed. During the period preceding the first World War and immediately following, great changes had once more taken place in the newspaper publishing business. Costs of operation had reached such a point that none but the most skillful newspaper men dared engage in the work. Many neswpapers discontinued publication; others were forced to consolidate for self- preservation. It was this general condition which brought about the organization of the Tribune Review Publishing Co., the stock of which is entirely in the hands today of experienced newspaper workers. -146- CLEANING UP FIELD The last stroke in cleaning up the Greensburg newspaper field was accomplished November 6, 1924, when the Record Publishing Co., publishers of the Greensburg Daily Record, was purchased by the Tribune Review Publishing Co. The Record was discontinued on that day and the property of the company sold. Thus is the foregoing the family history of the newspapers being published in Greensburg today. Many of the publications which lost their identities in the various amalgamations of the past were forceful and wielded a mighty influence in their day. Many men of skill presided over these publications which figured in many notorious political battles, and in these more modern days, in industrial battles. There were, however,. a number of other publications which went to the newspaper graveyard. Some of these were forceful; others had a precarious, and therefore, a short existence. One of the most potent of the weekly papers, which was so unfortun- ate as to completely die out in later years was the Pennsylvania Argus. It was founded in 1831 by Jacob Steck and George Rippick. It was 1799 Graduation- Largest crowd in history sees first out door comm- encement for GHS 1949 GREENSBURG MORNING REVIEW (WESITMORELAND'S ONLI MORNING DAILY -COVERS THE COUNTY LIKE THE DEW) (Four Great Services-Associated Press, AP Feature Serviee. AP Telemat AP Comlesi Conendon- Youngwood gets ready to entertain county firemen at convention June 17-18. VOLUME 44. $12.00 A YEAR GREENSBURG, PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1, 1949. FOUR CENTS A COPY. NO. 82. Democratic in politics throughout its life. In 1834 it was sold to Joseph Cort and James Johnson and later that same year passed into the hands of S. S. Turney and W. H. Hacke. THE PENNSYLVANIA ARGUS In 1889 John M. Laird bought the Pennsylvania Argus and it remained in the Laird family until 1920. At this period it was owned by James M. Laird and F. V. B. Laird, who maintained a high grade of weekly newspaper. They sold it to Morgan and Potts, who after a brief ownership, sold it to the Record Publishing Co. In the spring of 1923 this company discontinued its publication. An individual publication which lasted for three years was Frank Cowan's paper. It was founded by Dr. Frank Cowan, a son of U. S. Senator Edgar Cowan. The younger Cowan was accomplished, but eccentric, and did not know a great deal about the newspaper business. Its first issue was on May 22, 1872, and in 1875 it was suspended. Darwin Musick who had a long career in the newspaper business in Greensburg and Daniel P. Stahl founded the first Greensburg Record, April 1, 1866. The last Greensburg Record was established January 21, 1915 by John C. Laughhead, now of Jeannette, who believed that a Democratic daily published from the county seat would be a paying proposition. A stock company was formed, which within a year's time, sold out to a group of temperance people who were anxious to engage in an oncoming judicial campaign in which Judge Alexander D. McConnell was a candidate for re-election. This group desired to espouse the candidacy of George Benton Shaw, a Democrat. This was the beginning of a new series of heated political campaigns in which temperance and law enforcement were the issues. The paper, however, was not able to gain headway from a business standpoint and finally, enough stock was purchased by a group interest- ed in the "wet cause" to control the paper. This group of men owned the paper for about 18 months when they decided to sell it to the Tribune Review Publishing Co. on November 6, 1924. PUBLICATIONS At one time also, there were a sufficient number of Germans who could not read the English newspapers in this county, to make it attrac- tive to publish papers in the German language. Frederick A. Cope published a German paper in connection with the Gazette in 1828. When J. S. Steck owned the Pennsylvania Argus, he also published a German edition. -147- John M. Laird 1799 Part of Tribune Review Linotype Battery Weather Indications Fair and Warmer rensbur Qait &-ibun+. City Edition LATEST AMl W"POiU M Press Et. 1881; Tribbne, 1886; Weekly, 1807. GREENSBURG, PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1, 1949 STATE PLACES VALUE COUNTY PROPERTY General View High School Outdoor Commencement IAreemnent County Tax IL,...:...:. ....J May 31, 1890, there appeared on the streets of Greensburg a new publication called "Sparks". The editor, owner and publisher was Edward B. Clark, and he reported in the second number that the first issue of 1000 copies "was almost entirely consumed during the day of issue". The price was $2.00 per year or 5c per copy. Mr. Clark had formerly been connected with the Wellsville (0.) Evening Journal and had, on coming to Greensburg, been first connected with the Daily Tribune as foreman. The new paper was kindly received by its contemporaries, the Tribune, Press, Record, Argus, Democrat, and various nearby exchanges. It was variously described as a "comic" and a "society journal". The format was4 x 11 inches, usually consisted of about 20 pages, of which 12 were either printed in New York, or from plates furnished in New York, consisting of a number of comic pages with cartoons and syndicated national advertising. The remainder was printed in Greensburg, later but not at first in Sparks' own print shop on the North Side of Second Street between Main Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, just west of the Troutman Annex. From time to time engravings or half tones of Greens- -148- burg business houses, schools, or new industrial developments appeared. It was widely read and eagerly anticipated, but after a brave struggle, it gave up the ghost. At present in Greensburg, there is one "half and half" language newspaper being published, The Sentinel. It is printed half in English and half in Italian and was established here in 1933. It is the only paper of its type in Westmoreland County and prints current news for Italians who can both read Italian and English but mainly for those who do not understand our language too well, especially the printed word. For the past decade or more Charles F. DeVaux, veteran Greensburg news- paperman, has been its editor. One other paper also is being published in- Greensburg which is more akin to the purely political newspaper of several years ago. It is the Observer, with H. H. Null as publisher and editor, and it hews closely to the personal journalism school which flourished in most all communities a few decades ago but which has largely passed from the picture. The Observer is about 12 years old. -E.H.D. FOUR CENTS 1949 1799 1949 The Greensburg Fire Department GOOD WILL FIRE ENGINE PAT LYON FIRE ENGINE Greater Greensburg today is protected from the dangers of fire by three, efficient and well-trained, volunteer fire companies, each armed with the most modern fire-fighting equipment procurable. The fine record of these fire-fighting units has won the confidence of the public to such extent that no longer its citizens are frozen in their tracks from fright by the tap of the fire bell. Unfortunately, this was not the case in earlier days. Then, the fire call brought every available man with his bucket, each conscious of the fact that none could tell where the fire would end or what amount of destruction might be suffered before the flames could be brought under control. The early settlers lived in fear of fire. The burning of Hannastown was still fresh in their memory. Many were afraid that a similar catas- trophe might overtake the villagers in Newton. For this reason, shortly after the town began to form, a bucket brigade was organized. Water was procured from springs and wells existent at that time but it often happened a bucket brigade had to be stretched from the blazing building to the nearest creek. Several citizens had made hand-pumps from tin to help throw water on the fire. Somehow, the pioneers managed to get along in this manner without a major conflagration during the first half century but in the following 50 years such was not the case. GREENSBURG FIRE COMPANIES About 1848, Greensburg purchased from the City of Pittsburgh a hand-drawn, hand-pumped engine called the Pat Lyon. It was originally purchased from Philadelphia about the year 1800. The engine was used in Pittsburgh for about half a century before it was sold to Greensburg. No record of an organization of firemen has been found prior to April 15, 1858. An old minute book which was in possession of F. V. B. Laird, father of President Judge R. D. Laird, shows that on that date an organization was formed with R. Y. McCall, President; William Conner, Captain; F. B. V. Laird, Lieutenant; John Mechling, 2nd Lieutenant; John Bricker, 1st Engineer and J. Young, Secretary. Later, Isaac Fulwood was Captain. He was succeeded by F. V. B. Laird. The rolls show the members were: Edward Gay, William Shrum, Philip Taulk, J. S. Altman, F. V. B. Laird, T. W. Holms, G. P. Fulwood, J. J. Cribbs, John Mechling, Edward Hacke, John Bricker, W. C. Lose, S. H. Williams, George Mitinger, C. R. Painter, John W. Loar, William H. Hacke, Eli Laughner and others. Later John F. Mitinger, Charles E. Coshey, Harry Coshey, Lucien Turney, Henry Hawk, John M. Walthour, Richard Walthour, Ulam Rohr, Richard Cribbs, John Gessler, William Gessler became members. They were among the last members of the Old Pat Lyon Company. The Pat Lyon and Good Will were used at the Stark Block fire on West Otterman Street between Christmas and New Years of 1886. The flames leaped across the street and burned the Laird House to the ground. The Laird House stood where the Greensburger Hotel is now located. The Pat Lyon engine is now in possession of Hose Co. No. 3, and has been in a number of parades; one was during the state convention in Pitts- burgh in 1907. The second fire engine owned by Greensburg was the Good Will. It was built in Pittsburgh some time before 1845. Records show the Good Will and Pat Lyon were used in the great fire in Pittsburgh when a large part of what is now known as the Triangle was destroyed. After that conflagration, Pittsburgh began using Steamers. The Good Will was brought to Greensburg in 1858. It, like the Pat Lyon, was hand-drawn and pumped. On the one side was a connection where a line or hose could be attached and thrown into a well or cistern. In case there were no wells or cisterns the two old engines could be filled by bucket brigades from wells, springs or creeks. The Good Will was a much heavier engine than the Pat Lyon. When brought here, it was hauled over the pike which is now Route 30. A company was organized to man it. They marched to the top of Toll Gate Hill to meet it and held a parade that evening over the principal streets, making a gala day of it. There is no record available to show who the officers were, but some of the members were: Henry S. Coshey, grandfather of the present mayor, Robert West, George Bayne, father of W. C. L. Bayne, Frank Weaver, Henry B. Temple, Frank Sarver, Bales McColly, R. W. Turney, John -149- 1799 Latta, later Governor Latta, William Dixon, E. B. Kinley, Wilson Baughman, William Laird, Lebbeus Coshey, Amos Altman, Ritter Gross, George W. Probst, Samuel Lowry, James Biggert, Hon. Jacob W. Turney and Thomas J. Barclay. With the installation of the city water plant January 12, 1891, and the organization of the present fire department, the old engines were discarded. Hose Company No. 6 reclaimed the Good Will from the scrap pile and restored all the brass fixtures that were missing. On exhibi- tion in Pittsburgh in 1907, the Pat Lyon attracted much interest among the young folks. It is now being preserved by Hose Company No. 6. The third engine, The Tuscarora, was a small hand-drawn and pumped machine. The handles of the pump were parallel with the length of both sides. The handles on the Pat Lyon and Good Will were cross- wise. Its members were mostly school boys, who when an alarm was sounded, vacated the school room. James Bowman, afterward a member of No. 2, was Captain. Some of the others were: John Coshey, Edward S. Coshey, John Lear, Hal Bierer, Harry Gunnett, Thomas Donahoe, Albert Theurer, Joseph Barclay, W. C. L. Bayne, Bert Latta, Alfred D. Hawk. All are dead now but Bowman, Hawk and Bayne, the latter two are still active members of Hose Companies 1 and 2. THE FIRST GREAT FIRE The first great fire of record to visit Greensburg was discovered in the Gilchrist stables which were located immediately to the rear of the present location of Royer's store. It occurred on September 21, 1858. The flames leaped across the street to the Mace Building and burned south to an alley between Main Street and Maple Avenue. Meanwhile, the fire ate its way south to Third Street where there were no more buildings to burn. A bucket brigade with hundreds in line was formed at this fire. It extended from the scene of the fire to Jack's Creek. In this manner, water was supplied to the Pat Lyon and Good Will fire engines; firemen working heroically in shifts to man the punips during the long hours of the battle. The next big fire was the Fisher House in 1873. It happened during the fair which was held that year on the Keaggy farm, owned at that time by a Mr. Denny. The race track was to the south of the West Newton Road. 1949 ROBINSON BUILDING FIRE The Robinson Building burned to the ground in 1873. It stood where the Barclay-Westmoreland Bank is now located. The flames spread across the alley to the east and destroyed a house owned by Lewis Trauger and which, at that time, was occupied by Reverend Plitt, pastor of Zion's Lutheran Church. The first Stark fire was a log building where the Coshey garage is now located. The second Stark fire was a large carriage shop in North Pennsylvania Avenue. It was consumed by the flames together with the barns of Dr. Lominson and Mr. Stark which were across the street. This fire took place during the teachers' institute in December, 1876. The. third Stark fire was in 1886. It started in a vacant storeroom be- tween Pennsylvania and Harrison avenues. It burned back to the old stone building at the corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and West Otterman Street meanwhile leaping across the street and igniting the Laird House which was completely consumed by the flames. The Laird House stood on the lot where the Greensburger Hotel is located. Firemen managed to save the Coshey livery stable on Pennsylvania, which stood next to the Laird House. The fourth Stark fire was in the building erected where the carriage shop stood. This fire happened in the Fall of 1891. The flames burned not only the Stark building to the ground, but also the Temple Hardware Store which was adjacent. In the Spring of 1877, the Naley Opera House burned. It was located across the street from Zion's Lutheran Church. The fire spread to the church, burned it down together with all the church records. At a later date, another fire burned the United Brethren Church, including the official records. Stables to the rear of the Masonic Temple were burned in 1894. Several head of horses were lost in this fire. A large barn owned by J. W. Moore, located where the present tile building of the Bell Telephone is now located, was destroyed by fire a short time later. Eight head of horses owned by Fred Crater were victims of the flames. Other great fires of more recent date were: Zimmerman House fire in 1905; Westmoreland Grocery fire, loss $80,000; and the Fisher House fire, J. Covode Reed lumber yard fire loss $30,000; in the early spring of 1904, a fire occured in which three lives were lost. -150- HUEY APARTMENT FIRE THE ZIMMERMAN HOUSE The St. Clair Theater fire occurred on Sunday, December 12, 1915. The structure was ruined for theater purposes but was rebuilt and has since been used as an automobile garage. The Young Candy Company fire on South Pennsylvania Avenue happened on November 25, 1921. Other fires were: the Peerless Dye Works explosion in which George Haman lost his life occurred in 1922. The French Dye Works fire oc- curred on April 17, 1923, in South Main Street. Loss $3,000. The Wine- man Furniture Store fire in South Maple Avenue Januray 8, 1924, loss $12,000. Wilson & Company fire, loss $30,000. Keystone Sanitary Supply Company fire, loss $3,000. The Keller Garage fire, January 7, 1925, Harrison Avenue, loss $50,000. with 47 automobiles destroyed. Our Lady of Grace Church, 1926, destroyed. Grand Theater fire in 1929, loss $150,000. First Methodist Church fire on November 25, 1933, loss $63,861. Greensburg Lumber Company plant, 1940, loss $50,000. Streamline Market of P. H. Butler Company, January 31, 1944, loss $15,000. Prior to the organization of Hose Companies 1 and 2, when city water was brought to town the Burgesses in the Fall of 1890, purchased a four wheeled hose wagon and 300 feet of rubber hose, with the expecta- tion of forming companies, but this was not accomplished until 1891. A fire started in the machine shop of Joseph Hogle on the old Hogle- Brewery property. The building was completely destroyed. After that, the city fathers contacted members of former companies and men who had moved into town and they planned to organize new companies. FORMATION OF PRESENT FIRE ORGANIZATIONS -On the evening of January 12, i891, a meeting was held in the Borough Building in North Main Street, which stood on top of the tunnel and which was torn down when the P. R. R. excavated the tunnel. John C. Keffer, Chief Burgess; Oliver' R. Snyder, John M. Keener, Alex Gress and Samuel Alwine, assistant burgesses were present. The meeting was called to order by Mr. Snyder. The following officers were then elected: President, John M. Keener; Vice President, W. C. L. Bayne; Recording Secretary, E. A. Creighton; Financial Secretary, Lawrence Kienzle and Treasurer, Joseph K. Barclay. Before the next meeting, the Burgess purchased a two-wheeled cart and 300 feet of hose. The four-wheel wagon' was turned over to -151- Company No. 1 and was housed on the street floor of the town hall on top of the tunnel. The two-wheel cart was turned over to No. 2 and was stationed in a small building erected on the property of Burgess John M. Keener in Mill Street, now Westminster Avenue. The organization then consisted of two companies, Nos. 1 and 2. Each had their own Captains and Lieutenants. The members of Hose Co. No. 1 were: W. C. L. Bayne, Harry D. Coshey, Edward S. Coshey, Joseph K. Barclay, Lawrence J. Kienzle, Alex Gress, T. Frank Lyon, Lewis K. Hawk, Thomas Stimmell, Murray Forbes, Robert Curran, R. P. Cochran, Lewis Nicewonger, James H. Bennett, M. B. Walker, Thomas Walker, George W. White, Harry L. Welty, M. C. Coleman and E. A. Creighton 20 members in all. Thomas Stimmell was elected Captain; T. Frank Lyon, Ist Lieutenant; Harry L Welty, 2nd Lieutenant, and Harry Coshey, nozzle-man. Assistants were James H. Bennett, Lewis Nicewonger, Thomas Walker; Plugmen, Murray Forbes and Edward S. Coshey. Only one member of the original Hose Company No. 1 is living. He is, W. C. L. Bayne. Joseph Barclay was treasurer until March. He resigned and his brother, John, who afterward was elected Chief Fireman, succeeded him. The members of Company No. 2 were: Henry B. Temple, Sr., Henry A. Wentzel, John Coshey, James A. Bowman, Frank P. Goodlin, George Gessler, Charley Gay, A. R. Young, Charles Sarver, John Both- right, Harry F. Bierer, Charles C. Mechling, Thomas Keener, A. D. Hawk, E. L. Sarver, John M. Keener in all 15 members. Captain was Henry B. Temple; 1st Lieutenant, Thomas Keener; 2nd Lieutenant, H. A. Wentzel; Chief Nozzleman, John Coshey, Assistants, James A. Bowman, F. P. Goodlin, Charles Gay; Plugman, George Gessler; Line- men, A. R. Young, Charles Sarver and John Bothright. This concluded the business of the first meeting. The next meeting was on January 14. It was called to order by President John M. Keener with 30 of the 35 members present. President Keener appointed John Keffer, the Burgess, and four members of each company to raise funds for equipping the companies. They were: Thomas Stimmel, T. F. Lyon, Harry Coshey, Harry Welty, all members of No. 1, and Harry Temple, H. A. Wentzel, John Coshey and George Gessler of No. 2. A merchant by the name of E. A. Irwin formed a committee to raise funds by popular subscription with which to purchase the first rubber uniforms for the 35 members. 1799 1949 1799 1949 Tf I kv W-0~~168~5 HOSE COMPANY NO. 1-Front row, left to riqht:-C. B. Clawson, Charles Bell, J. H. Johnston, Carl Adolphson, Robert Mathias, Harry M. Jacobs, J. H. Deal, W. C. L. Bayne, G. M. Good, James L. Deal, L. T. Miller, George Wolinsky, E. B. Mathias, H. V. Miller, W. H. Johnson. Second row, left to right:-M. J. Popson, L. J. Keinsle, M. Moschetti, Robert Buchanon, R. M. Smith, K. L. Lowstetter, W. H. Milburn, James Mahoney, Oscar Johnson, Walter Erickson, Joseph Murphy, G. A. Sharp, H. R. Miller, Kenneth Russell, Dan Fury ............ Third row, left to right:-John Giffen, J. W. Gall, Thos. Mahoney, J. B. Owens, J. H. Playfair, A. V. Forchia, J. J. Johnson, J. F. Gardner, Angelo Rosetti, K. J. Fry, Frank Johnson, Harry McNerny, C. R. Baker. Fourth row, left to right:-Richard C. Keiszle, Robert Mahoney. At this meeting the President appointed a committee from each company to recommend a man for Fire Chief. After due consideration, John F. Mitinger was selected. His name was presented before the companies, voted upon and was elected as the first Chief. He was sworn- in the next day by Mr. Keffer. George Gessler was appointed assistant Chief. Mitinger served two terms as fire chief. He died at the beginning of his third term. Mitinger was President of the State Firemen's Asso- ciation Convention in 1901 at Philadelphia. He was a member of the Gooseneck Association and the Fire Chief's Association. Also, he was one of the prime movers in organizing the Western Pennsylvania Firemen's Association. In the Spring of 1893, No. 1 moved from the Town Hall to a building on East Otterman Street, where the Central Building is now located. A new two-wheel hose cart built by members of the company and a four-wheel chemical tank was stationed there. The Company built a 50 foot tower to dry the hose. The Company had 1000 feet of two and one-half inch hose; 500 feet for the cart and 500 in the tower. Officers at that time were: President, W. C. L. Bayne; Vice President, Albert B. Theurer; Secretary, Edward A. Creighton; Financial Secretary, Lawrence Kienzle; Treasurer, John Barclay. The four-wheel truck which No. 1 had when it was organized was placed in the old Red School House on Academy Hill. After the two- HOSE CART wheel truck was built the chemical tank was discarded as it was dangerous to haul by hand. It and the truck were sold to a coal company. Hose Company No. 1 held meetings in East Otterman Street until that building was sold. They then met for a few years in the present City Hall. In 1922 the company moved to the Central Fire Station where it is now quartered. Council purchased a Seagrave truck in 1918, equipped with a 1000 gailon pump and a booster tank. The truck carried 1000 feet of two and one-half inch hose and 200 feet of one and one-half inch booster hose. The rubber coats, boots and helmets of the firemen also had a place on the truck. Space was provided at Coshey's, also at the Greensburg garage, now occupied by the Henry Printing establishment, corner of Tunnel Street and Maple Avenue. The company moved it from there to the Central Hose House. This Seagrave truck was chain driven and had solid rubber tires. Later, the machine was taken to the factory where it was equipped with pneumatic tires. It was held in reserve for a couple of years in case of emergency but was finally sold to the Stowe Townhsip Fire Department of Allegheny County. In 1941, the City replaced the Seagrave truck with an American LaFrance. This piece of equipment had a 1200 gallon pump, large booster tank, flood lights, chemicals, hand lamps, 1000 feet of two and one-half inch hose and booster hose. One charter member is still living W. C. L. Bayne. Hose Company No. 1 has had four chiefs from its membership, John Barclay, Cyrus Hoffer, Albert J. Utz and W. A. Huff. Present officers are: President, James Deal, Sr.; Vice President, Harry M. Jacob; Secretary, Robert Mathias; Treasurer, First National Bank. -152- 1799 HOOK AND LADDER HOSE COMPANY NO. 2 Late in May, 1893, Hose Company No. 2 moved from the Town Hall'to a building owned by the Hacke Estate. They held their meetings there and also kept the two-wheel cart, which was moved from the Keener property in Westminster Avenue, where. a building had been erected to house it. Officers elected were, President, John M. Keener; Vice President, C. C. Mechling; Secretary-Treasurer, George Gessler. They met in this building until April, 1894, when they moved into new quarters in South Main Street. They moved to the new Central Fire Station in 1922. In 1906, council purchased a 65 foot ladder aerial truck with full equipment. It was manned by Hose Company No. 2 and was stationed at first in the Main Street building. In 1914, Company No. 2 purchased a Lange truck large enough to carry 1200 feet of two and one-half inch hose and a chemical tank. This and the ladder truck were moved to the Old St. Clair Building on account of the small space in the Main Street building. The Lange was the first motor truck owned in Greensburg. It was replaced by a six cylinder White truck built from a touring car and was quartered in the Rose garage on West Pittsburgh Street from where it was moved together with the ladder truck to the Central Fire Station. In 1927, Council purchased a Seagrave, quadruple combination truck for Hose Company No. 2. This piece of apparatus gave the depart- ment 250 feet of ladders, a 750 gallon pump, 500 feet of two and one-half inch hose, and a booster tank with 200 feet of one and one-half inch hose. Hose Company No. 2 also bought a complete outfit consisting of coats, boots and trousers out of their own treasury. Two members of No. 2 served as Chief. They were: John F. Mitinger and William H. Blank. One original charter member of the first organization is living, Alf D. Hawk. The present officers are: President, Wilbur McCauley; Secretary, Paul Johnston; Treasurer, H. W. McColly. HOSE COMPANY NO. 3 Greensburg Hose Company No. 3, first known as Bunker Hill Company was organized July 6, 1894, at a meeting held in the school house. Later, the company business meetings met alternately in the rooms of Hose Company 1 and 2. Their present hose house was built and since then it has been enlarged with funds furnished mostly by its members who also bought the first gum suits and boots, pants, hose and cart. 1949 HOSE COMPANY NO. 2-Front row, left to right:-Domenic Felice, Chas. Spalone, Robt. Ohr, James Nelson, John McFarland, Paul Johnston, W. M. McCauley, L. D. Hayden, Brooks Hyer, Wm. Jennings, Jr., H. W. McColly, Thos. Rodgers, Jack Shoemaker, James White, John Erickson, second row, left to right:--Chas. Turney, D. U. James, Francis Gault, Wmin. Dennicker, Paul McFadden, Jacob W. Wineman, Leroy Cline, Livingston Ray, Chas. Geiger, Jacob Weaver, A. P. Weaver, Leon Byerly, Don Blansett, Peter Pignetti, Third row-left to right:- Charles Hendricks, Samuel Carmichaels, B. V. Shields, J. C. Decarro, Harry Eyring, Leslie Fait, J. W. Welling, Harry Smith, Wmin. Keeler, Harry Rohrbacker, Robert Shoemaker, Win. R. Klingsmith, Walter E. Smith, Luther Hawk, John R. Baird, Fourth row-left to right:-James Weaver, Ray Hayden. The first officers were: Christ Cribbs, President; James B. O. Cowan, Vice President; Henry M. Zundel, Secretary; W. F. Overly, Treasurer. There were 28 charter members. In January, 1906. Hose Company No. 3 organized a Drum Corps. The Bugle Corps participated in parades and attended conventions. It is still active. Three members of Hose Company No. 3 have been elected Fire Chief. They were William A. Griffith, Oliver P. Long and Oscar F. Myers. The two-wheel carts of the Company were replaced by a Seagrave truck which will soon be replaced with a new up to date Seagrave pumper. Members of Hose Company No. 3, beside being good firemen, take pride in promoting other activities, such as constructing and maintain- ing a fine playground, converted from an old stone quarry that had been an eye sore for many years. The No. 3 company reclaimed the Pat Lyon engine from the scrap heap and care for it today. In May, 1922, the wives and daughters of Hose Company 3 organ- ized the Ladies Auxiliary. This organization has aided to entertain and assisted them much in their civic activities. -153-- Jor ItS r. 1799 HOSE COMPANY NO. 3-First row; left to right:-Edward Gordon, Leroy Smeltzer, Raymond Decker, Eugene Turney, Jack Templeton, John Rohrbacker, Edward Morris, John E. Hutchinson, Donald McKlveen, Ralph Hysong, William McGrane. Second row:-William Gordon, H. Brooks McGill, Robert Gordon, William Woodward, Richard Anderson, Edward Gunter, Oscar F. Myers, David Kralik, Merle Haines, Clifford McCurdy, Charles Jenkins, John McKlveen, A. J. Thomas. Third row: Oscar Rohrbacher, Percy B. Rule, T. Defabo, John Baird, Homer Prinzler, James Cribbs, John Cummings, William Myers, John H. Baird, Jr., Wm. Anderson, Wilbur Garland, John Kilgore, Elmer Anderson. Fourth row; left to right-H. C. Smeltzer, Thomas Anderson, Clarence Hutchinson, Frank McKlveen, G. E. Hutchinson, Chas. Hysong, Wallace Johnson, John Mulkerien, W. P. McGrane, Amos Hutchinson. Officers are: President, George E. Hutchinson; Vice President, W. P. McGrane; Recording Secretary, Leroy Smeltzer; Treasurer, Homer Prinzler; Secretary, Frank McKlveen; Captain, John Hutchin- son; 1st Lieutenant, John Cummins; 2nd Lieutenant, William Myers. None of the charter members are living today. HOSE COMPANY NO. 6 Greensburg Hose Company No. 6 was organized July 20, 1896, It had 34 members and was known as the Ludwick Hose Company. Officers were: President, Amos Keihl; Vice President, George E. Hudson; Recording Secretary, J. R. Silvis; Secretary, James A. Mench; Treasurer, William Hudson; Captain, John M. Walthour; 1st Lieutenant, George S. Owens, 2nd Lieutenant, George E. Hudson. The members aided by the citizens of Ludwick Borough bought 2 hose carts, 850 feet of hose, rubber coats, hats and boots and other equipment. The funds were raised by popular subscription. The ground for the present hose house was leased from P.R.R. and all the material for the building was provided by the firemen who did the work in the evenings after they had completed their regular daily duties. 949 HOSE COMPANY NO. 6-Front Row:-Al Rosatti, H. Graff, F. McMillen, T. Fury, W. Wisneski, T. McLaughlin, O. Roesch, J. Murtland, F. Block, P. Good. Second row:-D. Fait, E. Kelly, J. Walthour, H. Olsen, L. Good, C. Walthour, G. Hudson, E. Benford, J. Kissel, S. Brown, W. Appleby, A. Wisneski. Back row:-H. Fait, W. Wolinsky, H. Hamilton, R. Roesch, J. Wisneski, J. Uvenick, R. Laughead, J. Kruder, R. Darr, J. Pletcher. In 1906, the Borough of Ludwick was annexed to Greensburg as the Sixth Ward. Ludwick Hose Company then became Hose Company No. 6 of the Greensburg Fire Department. Shortly afterward, members purchased a log house on West Pittsburgh Street known as the Williams house, tore it down, moved the logs to the Cowan farm and erected a cabin which is still standing in the back part of Mt. Odin Park. In 1926, council purchased a Seagrave pumper to replace the carts. In 1907, the members resurrected the Old Good Will from the scrap pile, repaired it, replaced most all the brass parts that were missing, painted it and took it to Pittsburgh for the State convention that Fall. It is still being preserved under their care. Of the 34 charter members, five are living; George E. Hudson, Harvey Stough, Oscar D. Kuhns, George E. Kuhns and Bennett Keihl. The present officers are: President, Earnest Benford; Vice President, Richard George; Secretary, Edward Beck; Treasurer, Lloyd Good; Captain, M. Olson; 1st Lieutenant, John C. Walthour; 2nd Lieutenant, Eli Kelly. -154- 1799 1949 4Iet 9~ HOSE COMPANY NO. 7-Left to right:-First row:-James Bell, Henry Fredrickson, Wesley Wertz, John Williams, Evans Walton, Frank Hamm, Wm. Hohn, Joseph Rush, Lester Conrad, Thos. Kline, Albert Immel, Harold Patterson, Angelo Long, Edward Haman, Edwin Anderson, Richard Crosby, Daniel Whirlow, Wm. Fulton, Nick Roy, Jr. Second row, left to right:-John Buckley,Andrew Reber, George Scott, Daniel Santone, Joseph McDonald, Anthony Santone, Fred Conrad, James Troy, Charles Aston, Gust Carlson, Joseph Pershing, Alfred Hanson, George Wertz, Robert Marshall, William Altman, James Kessler, Chas. Benford, Lewis Wass, F. Clymer Kistler, Harold Boyd. Third row, left to right:-Roy Wissinger, Stephen Somple, Thos. Rose, John Randolph, John Vallano, Andrew Hohn, Joseph Walton, Fred Railing, Ira Riley, Paul McDonald, James Hanson, Robert Ruffner, Charles Wendell, Regis McAdams, John Marshall, James Wilkison, Edgar Werts, Charles Mough, Robert Troy, Fred Silvis, Addison Walton, James Kane. HOSE COMPANY NO. 7 Greensburg Hose Company No. 7 was organized October 10, 1905, with 34 charter members. Meetings were first held in a small building used by East Greensburg Borough. In 1910, a two story brick building was erected. The building is now occupied by a store. In 1923, the present modern building was erected at a cost of $33,000.00 on a lot deeded by the Greensburg School Board to Greens- burg Borough in exchange for the former brick building. The present building is almost directly opposite from the historic gate where toll was collected from travelers on the old Pittsburgh-Philadelphia pike. The toll keeper was Mr. Wells, who is remembered quite well by old residents. The first fire fighting apparatus of the company was a two- wheeled, hand-drawn cart. In 1915, No. 7 purchased a Pope-Hartford chassis. Members con- tributed and worked remodeling the truck. A chemical tank was added. It served until 1926, when Council purchased a 750 gallon Seagrave pumper with chemical attachment and booster. This placed No. 7 on a par with the other companies. Joseph Rush who rates as one of the best fire chiefs in the state, rose from the ranks of No. 7. HOSE COMPANY NO. 8-Left to right, first row:-K. A. Moyer, Sr., R. A. Shuey, L. C. Shuey, R. T. Henry, F. G. Reamer, M. E. Stairs, A. R. Morrah, F. M. Beidler, E. L. Croushore, G. E. Brinker, Harry Ludwig, J. M. Baird, W. M. Sheffler, A. W. Jacoby, F. B. Zimmerman, W. H. Albright, Wallace Rowe, E. T. Palmer, W. E. Stairs, R. H. Evans, H. A. Parks, V. L. Miller, J. W. Evans, E. R. Sheffler, J. H. Moyer. Second row, left to riqht:-R. F. Clemens, Robert Baird, F. E. Shick, A. W. Morrison, S. C. Truxal, J. R. Truxal, P. L. Wilkenson, W. W. Rowe, Robert Bair, E. T. Helman, E. R. Johnson, H. E. Gettemy, C. W. Jacoby, W. R. Palmer. The Ladies Auxilliary of the No. 7 Company organized in 1915 and has been a valuable asset to the company. The following charter members still retain their membership; John A. Colligan, John E. Wise, Roman Ivory, J. Charles Sliker. Present officers are: President, W. H. Hanson; Vice President, Leo Immell; Recording Secretary, Frank Hamm; Fire Secretary, Evans Walton; Treasurer, Charles Benford; Captain, Lester Conrad; 1st Lieutenant, Thomas W. Kling; 2nd Lieutenant, Albert Immell. HOSE COMPANY NO. 8 Greensburg Hose Company No. 8 was the last of the department to be formed and was organized on January 23, 1906, by a group of men from the newly created Eighth Ward. It had 29 charter members with C. W. Walters, President; R. B. Sheffler, Vice President; C. W. Wible, Secre- tary; Frank Reamer, Assistant secretary; J. A. Laird, Treasurer; Danial Dunmire, Captain; W. E. Nicols, 1st Lieutenant, A. E. T. Wible, 2nd Lieutenant. A two-wheeled cart was used until 1921, when a Hose Truck was rebuilt from a Peerless 60 horse power six cylinder car. -155- JOHN M. EMER VETERAN FIREMEN BOARD OF CONTROL Seated, left to right-Charles Tourney, Eugene Sheffler, Joseph H. Rush, Oscar F. Myers, Wm. R. Hohn, W. M. McCauley, John R. McFarland, Harry E. Gettemy. Standing, left to right - Alex Wiesneski, Harry Hamilton, Amos Hutchinson, Rev. Eugene G. Slep, H. V. Miller, Leroy Smeltzer, Evans Walton. The hose house which had been a dwelling house in Highland Avenue was remodeled to house the fire truck. In 1926, City Council replaced the Peerless truck with a modern 500 gallon Seagrave truck with all attachments. In 1931, No. 8 moved into their present quarters. It was the first company to man two pieces of motor equipment; the latest piece, the present salvage truck is one of the most useful and valuable. The company has a crack first aid team. Four of the original charter members are living at present; Joseph Bair, Jacob Q. Truxal, Frank G. Reamer and William Sheffler. No. 8 also has a women's auxiliary. Present members are; President, William Shuey; Vice President, Joseph Moyer; Recording Secretary, T. Wilkenson; Financial Secretary, E. L. Croushore; Treasurer, Frank Reamer. Croushore was a charter member of No. 7 but transferred to No. 8 when he moved to the Eighth Ward. Those who have served as fire chiefs since the present Hose Companies were organized follow: John F. Mitinger, 1891-94; William A. Huff, 1895-97; W. A. Griffith, 1898-1900; John F. Mitinger, 1901-03, (died in office) unexpired term completed by John Barclay; John Barclay, 1904-09; Oliver Long, 1910-15; O. F. Myers, 1916-18; William H. Blank, 1919-25; C. D. Hoffer, 1926-28; O. F. Myers, 1929-37; A. J. Utz, 1939-43; Joseph Rush, 1943-. THE BOARD OF CONTROL Prior to 1911, business pertaining to the Fire Department was transacted by calling all the companies together. The meetings were usually held in Robinson Hall above the laundry on West 3rd Street, the room being large enough to accomodate all who attended. -156- A meeting was held that fall in the Hose Co. No. 1 room on East Otterman Street at which time the Department organization was formed. The board consisted of three members from each of the then six companies together with the chief and assistant chiefs. The following officers were elected: President, W. C. L. Bayne, Vice President, Z. T. Silvis, Secretary, Henry M. Zundel and Treasurer, Frank A. Kistler. Afterward, the meetings were held each month in the different hose houses and occa- sionally in the City Hall when business of the Department was to be transacted. During the May Term of court in 1937, an application was made to the Court for a charter of a non-profit corporation to be known as the Greensburg Volunteer Fire Department. The purpose of the corporation was to protect life and property against fire; to promote safety and first aid; to further the efficiency in fire service by schools of instruction; to maintain and to operate a central organization for control and govern- ment of the various volunteer fire companies in the City of Greensburg. Among those who signed the application for charter were Carl C. Brown, Harry M. Jacob, W. M. McCauley, Wm. R. Klingensmith, Henry M. Zundel, O. F. Myers, Wm. R. Hohn, Wm. A. Sprague and Albert J. Utz. The charter was approved July 8, 1937, and signed by David L. Lawrence, secretary of the Commonwealth, now the present Mayor of Pittsburgh. The organization has attended all the State conventions beginning at Lock Haven in the Fall of 1891. The firemen have been awarded many prizes. These are kept in the Central Fire Station. The name of the organization was lately changed and is now known as the Board of Control. The present officers are: President, William R. Hohn; Vice President, Joseph Rush; Secretary, W. M. McCauley; Financial Secretary, Oscar F. Meyers; Treasurer, Carl C. Brown. The trustees are E. B. Mathias, Chairman, Chief Joseph Rush and Assistant Chiefs Hiram McColly, Homer Mover and Lloyd Good. 1799 1949 H. M. ZUNDEL 1799 1949 i5n THE RELIEF ASSOCIATION Governor Daniel Hastings approved an Act of the Legislature on June 28, 1895, which provided that a tax of one-half per cent (later chang- ed to two percent) be levied on premiums of all out of state fire insurance companies. This fund was to be distributed among the cities, boroughs and townships within the Commonwealth. Upon passage of the Act, Fire Chief W. A. Huff called a meeting of the three Greensburg fire companies on January 7, 1896. As a result, the Greensburg Volunteer Firemen's Relief Association was organized. The founders were: Joseph H. McCurdy, James K. Clark and Richard Coulter of Hose Company No. 1; E. J. Perry, John G. Lear and George VanDyke of Hose Company No. 2; and Henry M. Zundel, William A. Griffith and W. D. Walthour of Hose Company No. 3. The first officers elected were: Joseph H. McCurdy, president; John Lear, vice president; H. M. Zundel, secretary; and W. A. Huff, treasurer. The following month of September, a committee was appointed to secure a charter. C. Ward Eicher agreed to serve on the committee with General Coulter and William A. Griffith to fill the vacancy caused by George VanDyke. Progress was slow and difficult but finally on June 12, 1909, which was 30 years later, a charter was granted. Hose Companies 1, 2 and 3 comprised the Association until Ludwick Hose Company became a member. Their first representatives were: William M. Hudson, John Keihl and Edward W. Beck. The object of the Association is to provide and maintain a fund- from legacies, bequests and other sources for the relief of members injured while on active duty fighting fires. Together with bequests, the one-half of two per cent tax realized from the premiums paid to foreign fire insurance companies on policies written in this neighborhood is allotted to the treasury of the Relief Association. The fund is then invested in securities. Application to the courts has been made from time to time to amend the charter, the last in 1937. The sum of $15 per week was fixed as a benefit for any member injured at a fire, the payments to continue for five weeks. This was decided at a meeting held in May, 1902. Later, the benefits were in- creased to $15 per week for five weeks, $10 a week for the next four succeeding weeks, and $5 for ten additional weeks. The benefits are now paid by means of an accident insurance policy carried by the City and the Relief Association. A death benefit of $750 which is increased $50 every five years up to the maximum of $1,000 is also provided for members of the fire department. Half of this amount is paid out of the funds realized from the tax on insurance premiums while $250 to $500 is taken from a special fund paid into the treasury by members themselves. Relief Association funds are invested in securi- ties by a finance committee appointed by the president and treasurer. Up to December 31, 1948, the Association had paid out a total of $135,350. as death benefits and a total of $3,273.51 for accidents. The report of auditors for 1948 showed $133,000. invested in securities. Present officers of the Firemen's Relief Association are: W. C. L. Bayne, president; Oscar Myers, vice president; Frank Hamm, secretary; Charles Hysong, financial secretary; Joseph Rush, assistant secretary; and with W. S. MacDonald as representative of the Barclay-Westmore- land Trust Company, treasurer. The Relief Association ranks among the best in the state and has a sound financial standing. Fortunately, few serious accidents have befallen local firemen while fighting fires. Special memorial services are held annually for deceased members. These services are always largely attended by firemen and the public in general. Special markers are placed on the graves of member firemen with an appropriate flag each Memorial Day. -W.C.L.B.-O.F.M.-F.H. MEMBERS RELIEF ASSOCIATION Back row, left to riqht:-Emil Croushour, Frank Zimmerman, Gus Carl- son, Jos. Moyer, John McFarland. Geo. Wolinski, Frank McKlveen, Kenneth Moyer, G. E. Hutchinson, Harry M. Jacobs, John Wise, Leslie Fait, L. D. Hayden, Fred McMillen. Front row, left to riqht:-Geore E. Hudson, Joseph Rush, Frank Hamm, W. C. L. Bayne, W. S. MacDonald, Oscar Myers, Charles Hysonq. -157- SOUTHWEST GREENSBURG BOROUGH FIREMEN Left to right, seated:-E. K. Snively, Sr., H. H. Knoblock, George Ferguson, W. W. Topper, Chief Clayton Walthour, A. M. Bell, John T. Haines, Assistant Chief Ralph Sanders, William Hosie, Lloyd E. Wright, F. H. Hudson, Clarence Henry, Paul Baker. Left to right, second row:-Eugene Leseman, Ralph Gallatin, Paul Zimmerman, Murray Bolten, E. C. Boyle, W. E. Topper, Arthur Gallatine, Samuel Miller, Robert Haines, Rudolph Swanson, Clyde Riddle, Norman Wright, Robert Long, John Karl, A. R. Davis, Herbert Menocher, E. T. Wolfe, G. R. Hersh, C. F. Baker, Louis Croushore, Jack Croushore, Earnest Taylor, Alex MaWhinney, A. T. Plough, James McCann, Paul Gongaware, John Peters. Rear row, left to right:-E. K. Snively, Jr., Blair O'Neil, Harry Kelbler, Ray Twigger. SOUTHWEST GREENSBURG FIRE DEPARTMENT The Southwest Greensburg Volunteer Fire Department was organ- ized June 26, 1905. The first meeting, held in the voting house, was attended by leading citizens of the municipality. The firemen continued to hold their meetings in this building until the municipal building was erected in 1907. The first hose cart for the firemen was donated by the Honorable George F. Huff; the Star Brewing Company donating the necessary 230 feet of two and one-half inch hose, while General Richard Coulter presented the firemen with one dozen rubber coats and an equal number of pairs of gum boots to complete the equipment. The first fire truck was purchased April 23, 1918; the present truck being secured June 5, 1931. The salvage truck was bought in 1941. The Southwest firemen were called to fight their first big fire on January 18, 1908, when the Stahl Glass Company was badly damaged by the flames. In November, the same year, the borough firemen were summoned to the William N. Davis home where they found the fire had gained considerable headway. The next costly blaze was caused by an explosion in the home of William Blakeley. The Seaboard Shaft fire caused a loss estimated at $1,000. The Greensburg Glass Company experienced a heavy fire loss on August 4, 1943. The Walthour Lumber Company mill was nearly destroyed by flames on November 14, 1947, the loss being estimated at $50,000. Heroic work of firemen is credited with saving the large frame structure from burning down. The last fire of serious proportions was that of the Peerless Gasoline Station on Feb- ruary 2, 1948. 1949 The Southwest firemen not only protect their borough property from the ravenous flames but are frequently called to assist in fighting fires in surrounding districts. Southwest firemen promote fire prevention, conduct a safety-first school, teach efficient fire fighting and assist all laudable civic endeavors for the progress and welfare of the borough. George W. Croushore served as the first chief fireman, being elected on November 3, 1905. W. J. Wolfe and A. O. Hunt were elected as first and second lieutenants, respectively, at that time. Other officers of the first regime were: President, Charles E. Hayes; Vice President, A. M. Bell; Secretary, H. T. Snively; Assistant Secretary, Oliver Wilson; Financial Secretary, Caleb Long; Treasurer, John Haines. Trustees were: A. H. Plough, W. N. Davis and David Shupe. Charter members of the Southwest Greensburg Fire Department were: A. M. Bell, W. W. Bortz, H. W. Boyer, C. C. Brown, Felix Brunot, John Bragger, G. W. Croushore, William Coledge, W. N. Davis, Jacob Funk, A. L. Funk, Herbert Gormely, Charles H. Hunter, Cyrus Hayden, A. O. Hunt, John T. Haines, Charles Hayes, W. C. Herwick, George Howell, Ludwig Johnson, Caleb Long, C. S. Mason, Charley Newmeyer, William Newmeyer, A. J. Newmeyer, Lawrence Rummell, O. A. Reichen, M. J. Snively, I. W. Stahl, David Shupe, J. W. B. Stewart, W. J. Wolfe, Chalmers Wolfe, W. H. Brinker and Thomas Moore. Present officers are: President, William Hosie; H. W. Churns, Vice President; Recording Secretary, L. E. Wright; Assistant Secretary, William Leister; Treasurer, F. H. Hudson; Financial Secretary, E. L. Taylor, Chaplain, Murray Bolton; Chief, C. E. Walthour; 1st Assistant Chief, P. W. Baker, 2nd Assistant Chief, Ralph Sanders. -C.F.D. SOUTH GREENSBURG FIRE DEPARTMENT A separate volunteer fire department in the neighboring borough of South Greensburg was established in 1902 and has shown steady progress during its nearly half-century of existence. When the hose company's official charter was granted in 1908, it had approximately 30 members, all of whom now either are deceased or have discontinued their membership in the organization. As of May 1, 1949 the department had 102 active and honorary members, plus several affiliated with the group as social members. -158- 1799 In addition to the men comprising the hose company proper, there are approximately 55 women in the firemen's auxiliary, which was estab- lished in 1948. The women's unit assists in various social affairs and has purchased dishes, silverware and other such items for the department. Through the years, besides its conventional activities in connection with protection from fire, the company has also been active in organizing and promoting many other important community enterprises. A few citizens of the borough had shown an interest in organizing a fire department when the borough was incorporated in 1891, but it was not until 10 years later that a major catastrophe set the stage for actual organization of a hose company. On a Saturday night in 1901, fire greatly damaged the plant of the Greensburg Glass Company, which was on the site now occupied by the main offices of the Railway and Industrial Engineering Company on Theobold Avenue. The fire served to solidify the community's previously scattered enthusiasm for a public water supply, without which a fire department could not operate efficiently. As the result of the citizen's open demand, both water and electricity were established shortly thereafter and the fire department was formally organized under the sponsorship of borough council. To start the fire department in 1902, council and the Kelly and Jones Company (predecessor of Walworth) each gave 500 feet of hose; Hon. George G. Huff, part of whose farm had once occupied a large section of the town, donated a hose cart; and public contributions from the citi- zens netted $102.75 in cash, with which the new company purchased rubber uniforms. The company, which was officially known as South Greensburg Hose Company No. 1, used borough hall as its headquarters and, with continued support from business establishments, manufacturing concerns, council, and the townspeople, was able to purchase dress uniforms in 1903 and parade at the Western Pennsylvania firemen's convention that year in Latrobe. Council installed seven fire plugs on various street corners in 1902 and added five more in 1904. A tower was built on the rear of Borough Hall for the purpose of drying hose after it was used. The first mobile equipment of the company was a hand-drawn hook and ladder truck built by Smeltzer Brothers of Greensburg and obtained in March, 1913. Eight years later, council purchased for the department its first automobile fire truck, a White vehicle rebuilt by Galley Brothers of Mt. Pleasant. In 1926, with the aid of $1,831 raised by the firemen themselves from various social events, council purchased for $4,500 a Deluge Master Fire-Fighter. The latter included a 350 gallon pumper, booster pump, and ladders with hooks. -159- 1949 SOUTH GREENSBURG VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPARTMENT IN PARADE UNIFORM IN 1941 Left to right, front row-Raymond D. Sickenberger. Sr., James R. Beam, Stanley J. Kasbua, Clifford W. Long. Wilbur C. Beam, Roy McIlvaine. Fred Youngblood, John Shrader, John W. Baird, Sr., George P. Miller, Frank H. Lopes, Fred E. Lerch, James Kennedy. Second row-Charles W. Elder, James W. Saville, Charles Giron II, John R. Hebenthal, Clarence Holbert, John T. Hirst, Robert Baird, Charles McIlvaine, William H. Vandervort, J. Wyant Rowe. Third row-Richard A. Blackson, Rayburn Collins, Herbert F. Blackson, Clyde E. Lute, George H. Robinson, Charles B. Shrader, Clifford J. Howard, Daniel J. Long, William Black, Robert Morris. Fourth row-Floyd W. Albright, Howard Spade, Sr., William E. Kuhns, George E. Jamison, William H. Wilson, Sr., Lloyd Makin, John Carnes, John Appleby, George B. Shrader, John Houghton. Fifth row-Michael I. Kellner, Harry Page, Charles R. Morris. Earl Mcllvaine, Lloyd L. Gearhart, Roy Kurtz, Fred G. Grossman, Donald A. Hazel, Lou F. Jones, Robert E. Frederick, Henry C. Herman, Thomas Ridsdale, Stanley Smudski, Jr. Sixth row-John R. Lunk, William Henkel, Charles Henkel, Harry S. Carnes, Lawrence E. Pegg, Robert L. Frederick. Top row-Theodore B. Carlson, Wilbur Van Bremen, Sr., James C. Carnes, Eugene Burrell, Earl A. Miller, James P. Callahan, Walter Kloes, Alfred Temple, Sr. South Greensburg's Volunteer Fire Department entered a new era in 1927 with the purchase of the old Methodist Church building on Poplar street for $3,000. With considerable hard work on the part of the firemen, the frame building was completely renovated and is now known as Firemen's Hall. Firemen have kept the building in constant repair and have from time to time made additions and alterations. Today it contains a spacious meeting hall, with a kitchen and toilet facilities, on the second floor. The auditorium now has two front entrances besides one from the alley. It is used for various public and private gatherings as well as for foremen's activities. Firemen excavated the old church basement the full extent of the building and it now contains a social room in the rear as well as a large room for the company's modern mechanized equipment. The building has hardwood floors and a metal ceiling upstairs, and recently a modern air-conditioning system and a new hot-air furnace have been installed. The entire structure is now brick-shingled. Fire-fighting equipment has been maintained completely modern by the addition of new trucks and items as needed. The main fire truck, purchased for $8,500 in 1938, is an American LaFrance. It has a powerful 750-gallon pumper, 250-gallon booster pump, 1,200 feet of hose, and the customary ladders and other paraphernalia. A small truck donated by the Railway and Industrial Engineering Company in 1940 was converted into a salvage truck. In 1949, council purchased a new combination pumper-salvage truck for $9,500. This latest hose company equipment includes a 500-gallon pumper and com- plete first-aid equipment. 1799 When the department started, the bell in the old Methodist Church was used as the community fire signal. Early in 1906, council installed the first fire-alarm system, which consisted of five cased-in public tele- phones, and also placed a steam fire whistle at the boiler house of the Keystone Coal and Coke Company's No. 2 mine. About 1919, the whistle was moved to the Kelly and Jones Company. In 1948, a new electrically- controlled, air-operated siren was installed in the borough building on Elm street. The community now has 22 conveniently located fire-alarm boxes. The biggest fire in South Greensburg's history occurred in December, 1928, when Weaver's tile-walled commercial garage, at 1223-25 Broad street, burned to the ground. An adjacent house was damaged by the flames and 17 cars stored in the garage were destroyed. Total damage was estimated at $30,000. Lowest fire loss recorded in the department's history was $30, in 1946. The loss for the past year of 1948 was $3,200. Charles T. Baker, Sr., is present chief of the fire department and Walter Lewis is president. The company's first officers, when it was established in 1902, were: President, Harry H. Hull; vice-president, John J. Weaver; secretary, Harry A. Elder; treasurer, Albert G. Wengert; fire chief, Alfred C. Shrader. FIREMEN'S DRUM CORPS. Kneeling, left to right:-Wm. Woodward, R. Decker, Clarence Hutchin- son, Percy Rule, A. J. Thomas, John E. Hutchinson, David Kralik, Merle Haines, Edward Gunter. Standing, left to right:-John Mulkearn, J. Rohrbacher, J. Templeton, R. Gordon, J. Cummings, Richard Anderson, Oscar Myers, J. Pletcher, G. E. Hutchinson, James Cribbs, Thomas Anderson, R. Hysong, John Baird, E. J. Anderson, John McKlveen, Wm. Myers, J. Baird, Jr., Frank McKlveen, Wilbur Garland. 1949 The complete list of South Greensburg fire chiefs follows: 1910-02, Alfred C. Shrader; 1903, Harry H. Hull, Sr.; 1904, H. F. Brewer; 1905-06, Alfred C. Shrader; 1907, William B. Keltz; 1908, Harry H. Hull, Sr.; 1909, E. J. Ashcraft; 1910, G. William Plummer; 1911-12, Harry H. Hull, Sr.; 1913, Harry Baldwin; 1914, George Miller; 1915, Henry Dreistadt; 1916, Howard Spade, Sr.; 1917, Patrick M. Kinney; 1918, Homer Hull; 1919, Alfred Temple, Sr.; 1920-21, Harry Carnes, Sr.; 1922-23, William Wilson, Sr.; 1924, Robert E. Frederick; 1925-28, William Wilson, Sr.; 1929-30, George Shrader; 1931, Harry Carnes, Sr.; 1932-33, Harry Page; 1934-35, Charles B. Shrader; 1936-38, Charles Giron II; 1939 until the present day, Charles T. Baker, Sr. -J.W.R. Residents of Greater Greensburg are modestly, but justly proud of their fire companies, who never fail to respond to every call for help, night or day, through all kinds of weather. As is pointed out elsewhere in this work, the predominating type of residence in Greensburg is a frame dwelling, most of which dried out by the years of exposure would be tinder to any flame. That there have been few dwellings consumed and but very few casualties, is a tribute to the earnestness, promptness and thoroughness with which our firemen do their job. Much could be added to the credit of the firemen,-facts almost every boy and girl and every citizen is ready to acknowledge. Greater Greensburg volunteer firemen have an excellent record, have rendered the community invaluable service and have proved that in every sense and with equal stress on both syllables they are fire-men. -C.F.D. A MODERN FIRE ENGINE -160- 1799 1949 Police Department In the early days, Greensburg had no police. From 1799 until late in the 80's, the burgesses, constables and sheriff were recognized as the authorized arm of the law. Following the close of the Civil War, industry began to boom and the population increased more rapidly. The building of homes spread from hill to hill. It was evident the town needed a regularly employed police officer and Joseph Bomer was appointed about 1888. His monthly salary was set at $45.00. A short time afterward John Walthour was called to serve as night patrolman. His salary was $40.00 per month. Later, Jonathan Kistler and William F. Bollinger served on the force. Several additional officers were added to the patrol in 1890. That same year council granted the police a pay increase of five dollars per month and in addition, agreed to furnish them with helmets. It was then that the police force first began to take color. Each of' the officers soon stepped out dressed in drab helmets, with blue, brass-button coats. Each officer carried a heavy night stick about 18 inches long of polished wood with a raw-hide strap on the handle end and a load of lead on the other end. It was a common, picturesque sight to see these officers standing on the street corners juggling the stick in professional manner, indicating their ability at wielding the club when summary action de- manded. Mischievious boys usually were made to feel the sting of the strap end. When Bunker Hill Borough consolidated with Greensburg the police force was increased. John Walthour had resigned and Michael Carroll was chosen to succeed him. The burgesses discontinued serving as police officers in 1893. Other members of the early police were: Amos Hutchinson, Simon Riffle, Tobias Haines, Richard Smith, Samuel Hazlett, Pete Byrne, James Bowman, .D. M. Anderson, Charles White, Charles Thomas, Lucian Turney, Thomas Handcuff, G. M. Huff, Herbert Poole, Henry Feightner, John Whitesell, Samuel Wahler, S. C. Hollingsworth, Homer Kelley, John McQuaide, Frank Colestock, George Colby, Robert Shoe- maker, Dustine, Wolford and others. The first borough jail was in the basement of the old court house. It was centrally located and convenient for arresting officers. Later, a more commodious calaboose was provided in North Main Street. The new lockup, located directly over the tunnel, was upgrade and a greater distance from downtown. This proved a great disadvantage to officers bent on landing prisoners in the "jug". Frequently, the victim Greensburg's Finest (1897) - Charles White, George Huff. Thomas Hancock, Amos ("Beanie") Hutchinson. Charles Thomas, Joseph ("Snitz") Bomer. Chief. would lie down. Those who had lost their motive powers, more or less, through too strenuous a bout or, too long association with John Barley- corn proved a real problem. Several experiences dragging prisoners up the hill was too much even for the most able and a new system was adopted. A one-wheel, two-handled "Maria" was placed at the rear of the Null House. When a prisoner balked, a few raps on the head with a night-stick helped him to change his mind. When quieted, he was told to straddle the wheel-barrow. When it happened that Barleycorn had the offender down by the time a policeman arrived, the victim was placed aboard in such manner as would balance the load. The trek up the hill to the lock-up never failed to attract the attention of both the young and old as a circus parade. When the Pennsylvania Railroad excavated the tunnel, the old city hall and jail were razed. Another and larger building next door and farther north was secured and equipped as headquarters for the town government. It was dedicated in 1910. Many times, in the rapidly growing and spreading borough, citizens had trouble to find a policeman. To solve this problem, council had two call-boxes with red lights atop the poles installed at the Otterman and Main and Main and Pittsburgh street corners. A call to city hall flashed the red lights and the police ran to the telephone call-boxes to learn what was wanted. The system was satisfactory and more call-boxes were erected until a total of 17 webbed the different wards. Officers were obligated through all kinds of weather to make regular rounds, their calls being recorded by the desk-sergeant at city hall. The town moved along with satisfactory police service until the coming of the automobile. The increasing traffic demanded a cop at principal street corners. It became necessary, for the safety of pedes- trians, to install the "Stop and Go" lights in 1926. This was something new for motorists and brought a howl of pro- tests. Several well-known citizens flaunted the new ordinance and defied the authorities, declaring nothing would stop them, at least a light -161- 1799 hung over the street. Arrests were made almost daily. Many disputed the word of the arresting officer, feigning innocence. These persons were asked to raise their hand and be sworn. Nearly all, rather than take the oath, paid and quietly left the city hall. Eventually, the most stubborn and defiant accepted the Stop and Go lights which today are observed by most every citizen. Another change that raised a storm of protests came when council voted to make Pennsylvania Avenue a one-way street. Merchants were up in arms while others, it seemed, failed to understand just what a one-way street meant. The morning after the law became effective, a colored gentleman from Ludwick driving a one-horse wagon loaded with ashes was dis- covered going the wrong way up Pennsylvania Avenue. Officer Jeff Downing called to the driver, "Hey, mister, don't you know this is a one-way street"? The reply came back, "Sure I Do's boss, ain't I just going one-way"? The officer realized the case was hopeless and told the man, "go on and get the heck out of here". The election of chief of police shortly after the coal strike in 1910 developed into a political battle that stirred the town. Not only were the citizens, but even the newspapers were divided on the issue. Chief Joseph Bomer, who had served a quarter of a century on the force was seeking re-election. He was opposed by Jeff Downing, a member of the force. The day before the council meeting, one newspaper published the names of 13 of the 24 councilmen in favor of Downing over their signa- tures. The final vote corroborated the report and Downing won over Bomer 13 to 12. He served as chief of police for 16 years and gave the town an excellent police service. Later Amos Hutchinson was elected chief of police. He was suc- ceeded by Joseph Bomer, and Jeff Downing and Robert Brinker in 1928. George Westover succeeded Brinker and served from 1928 until 1940 when Walter Hutchinson, the present chief, was elected. It was not long until the city fathers realized that an officer on foot could not match speed with the automobile. As a result, council motor- ized the police department with both motorcycles and passenger cars. From the incorporation of the borough, the police had guarded the town well. Major crimes were few and far between. The officers as a whole performed their duties fearlessly, courageously and efficiently. They realized that over the years fortune had stood them in good stead despite their hazardous occupation. This period of good luck was not to last forever for in the dead of night on the morning of March 12, 1925, the greatest gun battle ever staged by Greensburg police took place. 1949 A big, red, Cadillac car pulled up at the Standard garage next to the Y.M.C.A. The driver got 15 gallons of gasoline and then asked for a quart of oil. When S. L. "Red" Palmer, the attendant, stepped inside the garage to get the oil, one of the thugs followed, shoved a gun in his face and demanded his money-change sack. The game Palmer gave battle but was knocked to the floor from a blow over the head with the butt of the gun. Two of the bandits carried him to the rear of the garage where they bound and gagged him. Robert Hayes, of George Street, a passerby, noticed the commotion. He ran up the hill to Main Street, called to Patrolman Jacob Elpern and the two hurried back to the scene. Officer Elpern asked the stranger for "Red". He was told "Red" had gone to the restaurant. He inquired of the stranger, "Where do you live"? The reply was "Pine Street". Elpern knew there was no street in town by that name. The thug started to move toward the door and Elpern, with years of football prowess, made a flying tackle. Both men fell to the floor. When- one of the other robber gang came, the man tussling with Elpern said to his fellow bandit, "Shoot". He then pressed the muzzle of his gun against the back of Elpern's head and demanded, "Let him up". Patrolman Bryant Wilson, meanwhile, was summoned. One of the robbers immediately opened fire at Wilson and pinned him behind a telephone pole directly across the street. When he peeped, or shoved his gun around to shoot, the bandits peppered the pole with bullets, knocking splinters into his face. The bandits pushed Elpern toward their car. The one said, "Take hint along and throw him out along the road". The noise of the gunfire aroused roomers at the Y.M.C.A., from their sleep. Those awakened took seats at windows to view the spectacular battle. Two of the bandits jumped into the car, both shooting. Bullets fairly hailed. Elpern still was fighting to free himself when struck by a bullet. As he lay helpless on the sidewalk, the robbers gave the eight cylinder engine of the Cadillac full throttle, turned up Pittsburgh Street, zigzagging their car crazily to escape the stream of hot lead pouring from the gun of Patrolman Wilson. The wounded officer, painfully hurt, was taken to the hospital by Dewey Berger. Fortunately, he recovered in a few days. The alarm was spread with all 'roads patrolled. State Policemen Frank Gleason and William Tevlin grew hot on the trail at Irwin, They engaged the bandits in a terrific race. The speed of the bandit car was too great at East Pittsburgh where they were fairly catapulted down the old Wilmerding hill, wrecking their car. -162- 1799 Patrolman Clyde Murtland One of the robbers had a slightly crippled leg. He was not fast afoot and was captured. He gave his name as Albert Kanner, of Chicago. He was sentenced to serve from 7 to 14 years in prison. The other two yeggs made good their escape and have never been apprehended. From that time until January 30, 1933, Greensburg police performed their duties without unusual incident. Then, like a bolt from a clear sky, tragedy struck with such force, it threw a pall of gloom over the community. Patrolman Clyde Murtland was killed in line of duty. Murtland was assigned motorcycle duty. He was s skilled rider and fond of his work. Everybody knew Clyde. His smile won him many friends. It was an honest smile, sincere, wholesome, both penetrating and invigorating. While patrolling at 3:45 o'clock at the Main and Third street corner on that fatal day, his motorcycle collided with the back end of a passing truck. The force of the collision threw him over the handle-bars, his head striking the curb or a pole. He was rushed to the hospital where an emergency operation was performed in an effort to save his life but all efforts failed and he died at 4:40 o'clock, little more than an hour after the accident. Murtland was born at Kecksburg, January 2, 1888, and was survived by his widow and two children. After the shock of this tragedy, the police carried on with no unusual occurence until "step-in, step-out" bandits surprised John Woodruff at the monument works in West Otterman Street. It was a fast job. Woodruff was forced at gun-point to open the safe, hand over the cash and surrender the keys to his car which the bandits commandeered for their flight. An alarm was telephoned to the state police barracks of Troop A. Immediately, the warning was broadcast to all patrol cars by wireless telephone. Trooper Harry F. Anderson and "Rookie" George Donadio, patrol- ling near Irwin received the flash. In another moment the officers spied the thieves coming. A 90 mile-an-hour race ensued, marked by intermittent gunfire. Trooper Anderson was at the wheel while "Rookie" Donadio manned the guns. It was discovered later, that five bullets had pierced the bandit -163- PRESENT CITY POLICE FORCE First row, left to riqht:--John Clark, Fred Conrad. Merle Haines, Nicholas Plundo, James McGrane. Lieut. James White, Lieut. Albert Rowe. Second row:-John Carroll, Fred Kneedler, Harrold Bloom, Walter Falt, Howard Gongaware, Dominick Felice, Michael Popson, Chief Walter I. Hutchinson. Rear row:-Bernard Hanson, Peter Piqnetti, William Wolinsky, Earl Johnson, John Berlin. car. The terrific speed of both cars that reached a peak of 98 miles-an- hour was too great to round cemetery curve at East McKeesport. There, both machines smashed into a stone wall, first the bandits, then the officers, with both cars ending their wild course crashing together. Trooper George Kuma arrived by this time and joined in the foot chase. All three of the robbers were captured with much of the loot recovered and restored to the owner. The trio of bandits were given accumulative sentences totaling about 20 years in the Western Peni- tentiary. This and a series of flash holdups elsewhere impressed council that some means was needed to combat this quick-acting banditry and as a result, ordered wireless telephone equipment for all police patrol cars in 1948. This affords the flash robber little time to make his get-a-way. Under the Third class city law, a pension fund was established for members of the police department. The city and patrolmen pay an equal amount into the fund. The retirement pay at age 65 is one-half of regular salary. Four members are now on pension. They are, Frank Rosette, George Westover, Frank Turner and James Bowman. Members of the present police force are, Chief, Walter Hutchinson; Lieutenants, James White and Albert Rowe and patrolmen, William Wolinsky; Pete Pignetti, Barney Hanson, Fritz Conrad, James McGrane, Michael Popson, Robert Brinker, Harold Bloom, John Carroll, John Clarke; Earl R. Johnson, Howard D. Gongaware, Dominick Felice, Merle Haines, Nicholas Plundo and John Berlin. New, scientific methods of solving crimes, modern equipment and a training school has aided much in the development of an efficient police department for the city. The old helmet, brass button blue coats and 1799 1949 General History of Greensburg Conestoga Wagon built in Pleasant Unity by two Walters brothers for the Hugus Family of Unity rownship. Recently owned by Calvin Pollins. Settlements do not capriciously arise, nor did they in Western Pennsylvania in the eighteenth century. Why did a settlement begin a little before 1785 now known as Greensburg and why where it is? In wresting a livelihood from the hard, harsh wilderness and establishing a civilization in that part of Pennsylvania isolated from Eastern Pennsyl- vania, geographically by the Allegheny Mountains and politically by the Eastern Bourbons, people had neither the desire, time or means to do anything without a purpose. A situation or circumstance was the moving cause for everything from a square dance to the family fort, from Monongahela Rye to the Conestoga wagon. So usually there was a reason for a settlement-the forks of rivers and then commerce, the shallow fording of a river and then a ferry, a stream for a mill site and then a mill, deposits of iron ore and then a furnace, a good stand of oak and then a tannery, each of which attracted people, then a cluster of houses and then a tavern or hostelry, a blacksmith shop, a church and a school. Thus a settlement. There is nothing to show that the origin of Greensburg was chiefly for any of these reasons. Yet it began-but began where it is mainly because it was twenty miles from Ligonier. Fort Ligonier had been a settlement for nigh thirty years and it is not fortuitous that Greensburg is twenty miles from Ligonier. Twenty miles, depending on conditions, was a full days travel for pack horses. Many settlements along the Forbes Road and later the Pennsylvania Road, which included most of the Forbes Road, were started because they were the end of a day's journey by the emi- grants on their westward trek. Pack horses coming west from Stoyestown or Stoneycreek which was twenty miles East of Ligonier, of last night's sojourn descended the Western escarpment of Laurel Hill at eventide, lodging for the night at the Fort Ligonier Settlement, at a later date at Laughlintown also; another day's journey over Chestnut Ridge and the equipage stopped for the night at the site of Greensburg. The next day, without any intervening mountain ranges, the thirty miles to Pittsburgh might be covered, but most frequently night again descended five or ten miles East of the Forks. Thus the westward movement established these places of refuge for the night, so as a result they fitted with the day and night schedule of travel eastward. Many journals and diaries of the day show twenty or more miles to be a day's journey. Arthur Lee of Virginia came on horseback through Westmoreland County in 1784. His journal tells that on November 28 he left Bedford and "traversed the Allegheny mountain to Stonyscreek" (Stoyestown). In his journal appears the following: "On the 29th we traversed a part of the Alleghany, called Laurel Hill, from an abundance of what is called in Virginia ivy, growing upon it .... At night we reached Fort Ligonier...... "On the 30th we crossed the Loyalhannon, the Chestnut Hill, or Mountain, to Hannah's town...... "The 1st December brought us across Turtle Creek, through its rich bottom, and the Bull-pen Swamp (now part of Wilkinsburg), to Mr. Elliot's......Next day we proceeded six miles to Fort Pitt......" (Life of Arthur Lee by Richard Henry Lee, Vol. II, pp. 377-399, Boston 1829). The distance from Ligonier to Hannastown was about the same as to Greensburg. Often a traveler on horseback made better time than Lee did during the last several days of his journey, but packhorses were slower and seldom made more than twenty miles per day. General John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg, son of a Lutheran clergy- man and grandson of Indian interpreter Conrad Weiser, traveled on horseback through Westmoreland County in 1784 over the Glades Road (Route 31), stating in his diary each day how many miles he had traveled: March 7. "Set out from Bedford in company with two Mr. M'Far- lands, who were acquainted with the road. We took the Glade Road, and carried provisions for ourselves and provender for our horses; and in the evening, hungry and fatigued, at Mr. Black's, thirty miles from Bedford. March 8. "Set out from Black's, came down the Allegheny, crossed Laurel Hill, and about an hour after night, came to Cherry's Mill (now Laurelville), thirty-one miles from Black's. This evening it began to -2- 1799 Detail of State Police with Patrol Cars clumsy mace have disappeared. Instead, is a natty cap, dark grey suit and in winter, short overcoat. The force takes great care in the appear- ance of its members, and this, coupled with their courtesy and efficiency has rightfully earned for them the title of "Pride of the City". C.F.D. PENNSYLVANIA STATE POLICE TROOP "A", FIRST SQUADRON The Department of State Police, now known as the Pennsylvania State Police, was created by an Act of Assembly enacted in 1905 during the administration of Governor Samuel W. Pennypacker. The State Police Force was organized by the late Colonel John C. Groome, who commanded the force for approximately fifteen (15) years. The original authorized strength was 288 officers and enlisted men and consisted of four troops, with 72 officers and enlisted men assigned to Troop "A" in Greensburg. The original members of Troop "A", and likewise the other troops, were all former cavalrymen of the United States Army. When the men assigned to Troop "A" arrived in Greensburg in 1905, under the command of Captain John Borland, they established headquarters in a building on the Cowan estate, now known as Mount Odin Park. It was a commanding site, overlooking the City of Greens- burg from the West. The troop was quartered thtre until 1913 when they moved to their present location on Point Lookout, overlooking the City of Greensburg from the East. Upon the retirement of Captain Borland, 1949 the troop was commanded by Captain Lynn G. Adams, who later became Commissioner of the Pennsylvania State Police. The present commander of Troop "A" is Captain Andrew H. Hudock who enlisted with the troop in 1917. The primary purpose of the State Police when first organized was to furnish police protection to the rural districts where no organized police force existed. While this is still considered very important, the duties of members of Troop "A" now take them into all cities, boroughs and towns of the Counties of Allegheny, Cambria, Indiana, Somerset and Westmoreland in the enforcement of all laws of the Commonwealth. To insure the utmost safety for the traveling public, day and night patrols are maintained over the highways in these five counties. In addition to law enforcement, members of the troop examine applicants for drivers' licenses, supervise Official Inspection Stations, operate driver clinics, inspect installations for gasoline equipment, and perform numerous duties for other State Departments. The present authorized strength of Troop "A" is 110 officers and enlisted men, plus special units of the Bureau of Criminal Identification and Information, Accounting, Secretarial and Clerical Division and Mechanical Unit. Substations consisting of from seven to fourteen men are maintained at Ebensburg, Indiana, New Kensington, Pittsburgh and Somerset. Upon the consolidation of the Pennsylvania State Police and Pennsylvania Highway Patrol the State was divided into four squadron districts, with Troop "A" becoming a part of the first squadron. Head- quarters for the first squadron was established in Greensburg on March 1, 1938, under the command of Major Jacob C. Mauk, now Deputy Commissioner of the Pennsylvania State Police. The First Squadron comprises five troops and covers 23 counties in the western part of the State. The present Squadron Commander is Major William F. Hoffman who has been a member of the force since 1915. TROOP "A" STATE POLICE MOUNTED -164-- 1799 1949 ROTARY CLUB First row, bottom-W. Scott Lane, Edward H. Klimer, Glenn G. Vance, James E. Loughery, Charles J. Johnson, Murray F. Campbell, Elmer E. Rutter, Frank Evans, Wm. Fluke, Frank H. Mullholand. Second row, Chas. C. Hileman, Paul S. Bair, Jacob F. Armbrust, Rev. Grover Reese, A. E. Troutman, Clinton Hunt, Benj. W. Kerr, W. Fisher Overly, . Boyd F. Overpeck, Wm. Rohacek, Joseph Strouse, Jos. L. Cote, Jr., Harry H. Fisher, Hugh B. Barclay, Leon P. Smith, Carl Starr, David F. Kilgore, James Sloan, E. Arthur Sweeney, W. Burt Lucas. , Harry M. Friedlander. Fourth row, Charles E. Whitten, Edward H. Bair., Richard F. Huqus, Sr., , Karl G. Koppitz, James S. Beacom, James H. Offutt, Win. D. Hays, Jas. L. Le Mangan, J. Edward Mitinger. Fifth row, top, Frank B. Miller, Maurice L. Rose, Wm. F. Zercher, , Samuel A. Clements, Paul C. Gray. Wesley R. McFarland. Dr. Jos. E. Mitinqer. -165-- 1799 ROTARY CLUB A small group of men of this city had seen Rotary in other cities and wanted to bring it to Greensburg. Several meetings were held at which Joseph Strouse acted as chairman and George Francis as secretary. The formation of the club was decided and on July 1, 1916, a com- mittee on Constitution and By-laws consisting of E. H. Bair, Frank B. Miller and B. W. Kerr was appointed. At the first regular meeting on July 7, the constitution and by-laws were adopted and directors for the coming year elected. They were Frank B. Miller, W. Scott Lane, Joseph Strouse, George Francis, and B. F. Kerr. These directors elected as officers; President, Miller, Vice President, Strouse; Secretary and Treas- urer, Kerr; Sergeant at Arms, Bair. Early meetings were confined almost exclusively to an investigation of Rotary ideals and the better acquaintance of the members. On August 31st, announcement came that the club was affiliated with the International Association of Rotary Clubs. This was formally confirmed on October 4th by Governor McFarland, who presented the charter at a meeting held at the Elk's Club. The Club turned its attention to the serious needs of the Y.M.C.A., and by taking an active interest in the election of the directors succeeded in putting the institution on an efficient working basis. Due to a call for increased farm products during World War I, the Club decided to farm, and under the able leadership of Jacob Armbrust and Charles C. Hileman, raised an excellent crop of potatoes, corn and other vegetables. Land for the purpose was contributed by Mssers. Bair and Lane. The call came to raise money for the War Work Council of the Y.M.C.A. and the Fosdick Council for training camp activities. These campaigns were undertaken and carried through by the Rotary Club with wonderful success, under the leadership of Frank B. Miller as chairman. Over $19,000.00 was raised for this work. Truly, the Greensburg Rotary Club has caught the spirit of Rotary's Motto, SERVICE ABOVE SELF. The present officers are President, Howard J. Thomas, M.D.; Vice President, Samuel W. Jacobs; Secretary, J. Paul Harman, D. D.; 1949 Treasurer, Norman V. Bureau. Directors, Theodore H. Booth; Vernon B. Corle; Samuel W. Jacobs; George B. McHenry; Albert E. Rose; Elmer A. Schultz D.D. & Howard J. Thomas, M. D. GREENSBURG KIWANIANS Kiwanis began at Detroit, Michigan, in 1915. The name was taken from the Indian word "Kee-wanis". There are 2,900 clubs with a total membership of 190,000 in the United States and Canada. The Kiwanis motto is "We build,-Leaders, Character, and Un- selfish Principles. Aggressive Citizenship, Our Individual Responsi- bility". The aim of Kiwanis is to strengthen the foundation of our social structure, the home, the church and the school. Kiwanis was organized in Greensburg, February 12, 1920. The first officers were: President, D. P. Hudson, First Vice President, Dr. John Anderson; Second Vice President, Dr. J. J. Singer; Secretary, Leonard B. Keck; Treasurer, T. G. Truxal. The Greensburg Kiwanis Club has spent about $20,000. for under- priviledged-child work, and for eye glasses in the Greensburg district. At present the club has a membership of 119 men from all walks of life. They meet each Wednesday evening. The present officers are: President, T. E. Frederickson; Vice President, L. Harvey Fennell, Secretary Malcolm Burgess; Treasurer, John Benford. -T.E.F. GREENSBURG LIONS CLUB The International Association of Lions chartered the Greensburg club with 19 members, August 21, 1933. In fourteen years the club has grown to the present membership of one hundred one. Lionism is pledged to community betterment. The Greensburg Lions fostered the Green Pennant Safety program for school children in Westmoreland County. They gave the State Police a new highway safety film. Ceiling projectors are now available to the sick of this com- munity. Machines and micro-films may be secured through the Greens- burg Library so that those who are ill may enjoy reading books projected on the ceiling. -166-- 1799 1949 KIWANIS CLUB Front row, left to right; Gene Philips, Jacob Melzer, B T. Evans, Four Farmer Guests, Leo Daerr, John Silvis, Coulter Osterwise, Frank Owsten, Chas. Momeyer, Farmer Guest, Sam Patterson, Farmer Guest, Edw. Nicewonger. Second row, John Sheetz, Jacob Ripplemeyer, lames Dunn, Homer Bair, Harry Markle, John Snyder, Claude Walthour, Sam Wise, A. G. Wible, George Barnhart, Warren Walker, Harry Reamer, John Tracy, Judd Mechling, R. T. Jennings, Bud Mitchell, C. L. Waugaman. Standing; L. B. Keck, Elmer Ruffner, Hobart Seiler, Clark Knepper, H. Raymond Mason, W. S. MacDonald, James F. Torrance, Edw. Nelson, Wm. R. Barnhart, Rev Lawrence Bair, F. F. Steele, C Ward Eicher, Morris Young, Hillis Nicewonger, Claire Wohler, P R. Sheetz, William Nicewonger, Lloyd King, Bert Rugh, Dr. Percy Schlag, H. Frye, Elmer Evans, Edw. Nowlin, los. A. Sass, John Cummings, William Berlin. Going up steps-Charles Shuey, Wm. Burhenn, Wm. Adolphson, Lew Borstlemann, U. A. Van Dyke, David P. Hudson, W. Gerald Griffith, Monroe Snyder, James Giffen, Bob Mohr, George E. Berry. -167- 1799 A few of the activities and donations of Greensburg Lions in the past few years were: a blood-bank to the Westmoreland Hospital; a gift to the play-grounds of Greater Greensburg ($5396.20) for new equipment; annual Christmas treat and entertainment for children at the West- moreland Children's Aid Society, and the Westmoreland County Home; glasses, white canes for the blind, glass eyes, dental care, food, and fuel to the underpriviledged. Past presidents of the Greensburg Lions Club in the order in which they served are: Goethe Faust, Herbert Carson, Rev. C. C. Gohn, D.D., Joseph M. Loughran, J. Homer Fisher, Bert Faust, Lee Murphy, George Mager, Sam Ratner, John Herr, John Naylor, Louis B. Croushore, Stanley Marcy. Officers for 1948-49: President, Charles E. Marsh; Secretary, Ed- ward F. Nowlin; Treasurer, Arthur Taylor; Vice Presidents, Ralph Cavalier, Harry McGough, Joseph A. Sass; Tail Twister, Wallace A. Redding; Lion Tamer, Charles Deemer; Directors, Joseph Thomas, Charles Silvis, Thomas McCune, William Wandel. BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL WOMEN'S CLUB The Greensburg Business and Professional Women's club is part of an international organization whose purpose is to produce a "better business woman for a better business world". Organized in 1930, the Greensburg club now has a membership of 87 members representing 24 different businesses and professions. The club is primarily a service group and its members take part in civic projects of all kinds. They contribute to local drives both in money and work and help pay for the upkeep of a foreign exchange student. They are keenly interested in state and national legislation affecting women. The group meets the first Wednesday of each month. Membership is acquired by sponsorship and by recommendation of the executive board. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE The Chamber of Commerce in Greensburg dates back to April, 1921, when the first Chamber was organized with Frank Miller as president. The first secretary was E. J. Kingsbury, who was followed by D. W. Case. These men were succeeded by William Walker, who served four years and Raymond Mason, who remained as secretary until the Chamber disbanded in 1935. 1949 In 1939, the present Chamber was again organized as the Greensburg Civic and Business association. The Civic Association operated under that name until 1947 when by vote of the entire membership the name was changed to the Greensburg Chamber of Commerce, Inc. It is interesting to note in the early minutes that in 1922 the Chamber advocated building public rest rooms, and a few years later a central bus station. After more than twenty years, public rest rooms and a central bus station were realized through the efforts and promotion of the present Chamber of Commerce. Back in the 1920's, it was also realized by the Chamber members that the water supply of Greensburg was inadequate, and a move was started to increase the supply of water for Greensburg. The present Chamber is interested in this same subject. The present officers are: President, Edwin S. Lauffer; Vice President, John Coulter; Treasurer, Paul S. Bair; Executive Secretary, O. M. Deibler; Assistant Secretary, Helen G. Hill, The Board of Directgrs are:-Frank B. Miller, A. L. McClintock, Samuel B. Bulick, George K. Henry, Robert B. Herbert, John Silvis, Percy R. Sheetz, and Chair- man of the Merchants Division, Paul H. Gongaware. FRATERNAL ORGANIZATIONS GREENSBURG LODGE NO. 511 B. P. O. ELKS FIFTY YEARS OF ACHIEVEMENT In this, our "Golden Anniversary" program and history, it is wise to recall the pleasures of the past and to cause the reflecting mind to stop a few moments in serious consideration of the depth and meaning there is to be found in the early days of Greensburg Lodge No. 511. Greensburg as a borough was just a century old and the youth of the town were interested in horses as a means of transportation to the many points of our county, so in the gatherings about the several livery stables, the thought was discussed that it would be a nice gesture if the youth would offer their services to the Commonwealth and form a unit of the National Guard. They therefore petitioned the then Governor Daniel Hartman Hastings, to establish a Cavalry troop in Greensburg and the said petition (containing 75 or more names of the young men about town) was duly considered and then refused. -168- LIONS CLUB OF GREENSBURG First row, left to right: Arthur Taylor, Edward Nowlin, Stanley Marcy, Louis Croushore, John Herr, Samuel Ratner, Bert Faust, Goethe Faust, J. Homer Fisher, Charles Marsh, Ralph Cavalier, Harry McGough. Second row: Shirley Claffey, Harry Weightman, Richard Myers, Harry Keibler, Victor Weber, Robert Freeman, Walter Clayton, Henry Schworer, Vincent DiPasquale, Thomas McCune, H. V. Tarlo. Third row: John McCormick, Edgar Aultman, Eldon Nichols, Lewis Stanley, Donald Johnston, William Wandel, Oscar Schwanke, Charles Bagley, A. Fred Mechling, Joseph Curry, T. Ray Fisher, Frank Mechinko, Dr. Joseph West. Top row; Wallace Redding, John Newton, Nevin Sarver, Owen Lash, John Keracher, W. C. Berkstresser, Ben Sheftler, Charles Deemer, Ira Fennell, John Cavalier. -169- 1799 1949 1799 At the gathering to consider the refusal, it was then suggested that a lodge of Elks be formed and they therefore drew up a petition and presented to the Grand Lodge for their consideration. It was accepted and George "Pop" Falkenstein of McKeesport Lodge was deputized to come to Greensburg and look after the details and then institute the lodge on the receipt of the Charter from the Grand Lodge. This was done on June 8, 1899. At the beginning, it was necessary to choose officers from its founders, with the selection of Z. L. Waugaman as first Exalted Ruler of No. 511, Greensburg Lodge of Elks was underway. Of the original 70 charter members, there are only three living who are still active: H. H. "Doc" Null, C. B. Hollingsworth and Joseph D. Wentling, of these, Mr. C. B. Hollingsworth served as Exalted Ruler early in the history of our lodge and is now our Senior Past Exalted Ruler. The lodge was instituted on June 8, 1899, and the next initiation took place in the month of September, 1899, and in this class were the following who are still active: Frank B. Miller and Richard Coulter, Richard D. Laird and John M. Jamison were taken in the third class of initiation which was in the month of November of that year. There were 208 members who accepted the call of "Our Country" in the several wars (Civil, Spanish American, World Wars I and II). W.A.M. THE ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR is a charitable and fraternal organization, not a beneficial organization. This order is based on the principles of charity, truth and loving kindness. There are two Chapters in Greensburg. The Greensburg Chapter No. 281 was constituted October 1919. Past Officers,-Mrs. Annie C. Amend, Mrs. Katherine G. Nicewonger, Mrs. Blanche J. MacInnes, Mrs. Lelia A. Rosette, Mrs. Martha M. Morgan, Mrs. Retta B. Snyder, Mrs. Bessie D. Snyder, Mrs. Lela H. Dom, Mrs. Martha R. Michael, Mrs. Margaret B. Stump, Mrs. Marian W. McMurray, Mrs. Elva A. Saul, Miss Galia M. Null, Mrs. Cora Feather, Miss Alvira E. Sweeny, Mrs. Mary P. Wicks, Mrs. Anna B. Campbell, Mrs. Ida B. Reamer, Mrs. Kate H. Black, Mrs. Winifred B. Boyle, Mrs. Elizabeth G. Bortz, Mrs. Janette T. Newcomer, Mrs. Hazel M. Henry, Mrs. Mary F. McNemar, Miss Mildred Cadzow, Mrs. Miriam B. Parks, Mrs. Helen C. Bush, Mrs. Margaret K. Howard, Mr. John E. Sweet, Mr. John H. Feather, Dr. Oscar B. Snyder. Present Officers,-Mrs. Betty H. Wilson, Worthy Matron; Mrs. Betty B. Black- son, Assoc. Matron; Mrs. Glessen A. Leech, Secretary; Mrs. Goldie B. Walter, Treasurer; Mrs. Sara P. Boyd, Conductress; Mrs. Ida M. McColly, Assoc. Conductress. William E. Gelston Chapter No. 435 1949 O.E.S. Object: Charitable and Fraternal Organization. Organized November 17, 1928. First Officers: Mrs. Hilma E. Davis, Worthy Matron; John H. Strobel, W. P., Miss Grace Young, Secretary; Mrs. Hildur B. Johnson, Treasurer. Present Officers: Mrs. Nellie B. Carroll, Watthy Matron; John H. Stroble, W. P., Mrs. Blanche B. Prinzler, Secretary; Mrs. Irene H. Pegg, Treasurer. GREENSBURG LODGE, LOYAL ORDER OF MOOSE, No. was instituted October 21, 1912. There were 50 charter members. membership has grown to 1,600 at the present time. 1151 This The organizational meeting was held in the Brinker Building, the present site of the Bon-Ton department store. Regular meetings were held there until 1913, when the lodge moved to the Alwine building at Alwine avenue and Pittsburgh street. The Lodge again moved in 1919. This time to the Odd Fellow's building where it remained for one year. In 1920, the Greensburg Moose purchased the Fetter's property at the corner of East Otterman and Maple avenue where it has since been located in its own home. First Officers,-Governor, Thomas F. Wiechard; L. F. Edwards, Junior governor; Charles N. Narthertz, secretary; Ira C. Hissem, prelate; Cyrus Markle, treasurer; J. F. Drury, I. B. Blank, and G. W. Shearer, trustees. Present officers,-Louis K. Trainer, gov- ernor; D. B. Smalley, Junior governor; Robert Fritz, prelate; Alvah Kurtz, secretary; Harry McWilliams, treasurer; F. T. Buttermore, Merle Redding, and Russel P. Stairs, trustees. IVY SISTERHOOD NO. 166, DAMES OF MALTA, was instituted on March 13, 1920. The officers at that time were Protector,-Sara Walker; Queen Esther, Elizabeth Johnson; Keeper of Archives, Edith Daugherty; and Burser, Mabel Croushore. Active membership is held by white Protestant ladies between the ages of 16 and 50, while ladies over 50 are admitted as honorary members. A male may become a member if he is a Red Cross Knight of Malta in his Commandry. This is pri- marily a fraternal organization. Donations are made to the Queen Esther Home for Children at Avalon, Pa., to help with the upkeep of that home. Donations are also given to the Red Cross and Salvation Army in Greensburg. It has been the custom of this Sisterhood to hold an anniversary dinner each March for its members. This year, Lady Marjorie Barr, Sovereign Protector of Wheeling, West Virginia, will share honors with our Deputy, Lady Florence Manning of East McKeesport, Pa. at this annual celebration. The present officers are Protector, Jean Brown; Queen Esther, Betty Brown; Keeper of Archives, Gertrude Errett; and Burser, Pearl I. Henry. -170-- 1799 KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS, COUNCIL 1480,-Organized May 8, 1910. Object: to render mutual aid and assistance to its sick and disabled members; to render pecuniary aid to families of deceased members through insurance benefits; promoting social and intellectual intercourse among its members and conducting educational, charitable, religious and civic projects. First Officers,-Grand Knight, M. R. O'Conner; Deputy Grand Knight, John A. Rodgers; Chancellor, Charles C. Cramer; Treasurer, John H. Scherrer; Financial Secretary, John D. Lonergan; Recording Secretary, James McCarthy; Advocate, J. Hilary Keenan; Warden, James F. Sweeney; Inside Guard, Roman J. Ivory; Outside Guard, William McCarthy; Trustee, Edward O. Scherrer; Trustee, Patrick F. Howard; Trustee, Albert J. Marshall. Present Officers,- Chaplain, Rev. Marcian Kornides, OSB; Grand Knight, Eugene P. Howard; Deputy Grand Knight, Joseph J. Conwell; Chancellor, Clarence W. Robertshaw; Recorder, Joseph N. Schildkamp; Financial Secretary, Francis J. Lennon; Treasurer, Andrew Fetsko; Lecturer, Rev. Gilbert Straub, OSB; Advocate, Joseph Petrosky; Warden, Joseph Cehlar; Inside Guard, John Burkart and Matthew Musick; Outside Guard, John Kushon and Louis Marie; Trustees, Charles Burkart, S. J. Mastro- rocco and M. J. Britt. ORDER SONS OF ITALY, LODGE AMERICA NO. 735,-Organized July 22, 1917. Object: Beneficial and Social (National in scope). First Officers,-Venerable, Joseph De Carluccio; Asst. Venerable, Anthony De Maria; Ex. Venerable, Prof. Patsy lannone; Orator, Virgilio Chirico; Recording Secretary, Anthony Plundo; Financial Secretary, Nicholas Longo; Treasurer, Anthony Roberti. Trustees, Emil DeRiseis, Cosimo De Maria, Angelo Cerino, Anthony Cocco, Frank Mion. Master of Ceremonies, Samuel De Maria and John Cavalier. Guards, Mercurio Quercio and Rocco Mazzaferro. Present Officers: Venerable, Carmel Avampato, Jr., Asst. Venerable, John Rullo; Ex. Venerable, John L. Costabile; Orator, Patsy Marchioni; Recording Secretary, Louis Mar- chioni; Financial Secretary, Michael Santoro; Treasurer, Anthony Altieri. Trustees, Paul Grippo, Dominic Pietrandrea, Anthony Altieri, Jr., Philip Rulli, Angelo Vitello. Master of Ceremonies, Eugene Ferace and Carl De Nezza. Guard Raphael Paolone. WESTMORELAND LODGE NO. 840, OF GREENSBURG was instituted May 21, 1873. The first officers were,-F. M. Sarver, Noble Grand; J. Arthur Edge, Vice-Grand; A. L. Waugaman, Secretary and George F. Huff, Treasurer. The lodge is part of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania which is affiliated with the Sovereign Grand Lodge which extends throughout the civilized world. The object of the order is to 1949 perpetuate the brotherhood of man, care of the sick, bury the dead and to educate the orphans. The lodge meets every Friday evening, in the I.O.O.F. building. The present officers are:-Harry F. Kelly, Noble Grand; Peter E. Lake, Vice-Grand; Thomas Taylor, Secretary; and Gilbert G. Carlson, Treasurer. WOMEN OF THE MOOSE GREENSBURG CHAPTER No.715,- Organized March 16, 1923. Object; Helping the helpless aged and caring for dependent children. First Officers; Junior Graduate Regent, Anna Hart; Senior Regent, Mildred Sanders; Junior Regent, Sophia Morrison; Chaplain, Anna Mahoney; Recorder, Pearl Blackburn; Treasurer, Anna McPherson; Guide, Ethel Clifton; Assistant Guide, Anna Crosby, Sentinel, Mary Blackburn; Argus, Laura Hohn. Present Officers,- Junior Graduate Regent, Virginia Trainer; Senior Regent, Katherine Sanders; Junior Regent, Ruth Jamison; Chaplain, Catherine Kettering; Recorder, Mary Mahoney Pettigrew; Treasurer, Sara Stairs; Guide, Julia Knesh; Assistant Guide, Betty Champion; Sentinel, Pauline Pallitta; Argus, Mary Pallitta. KEDRON COMMANDRY NO. 18, KNIGHTS TEMPLAR. Con- stituted June 23, 1860. First Officers (1860-61) Eminent Commander, Richard Coulter; Generalissimo, Zack P. Bierer; Captain General, William S. Brown. Present Officers,-Eminent Commander, J. Clarence Shrader; Generalissimo, Norman B. Wright, Sr.; Captain General, John C. Sliker; PC Treasurer, Jacob F. Harshey; PC Recorder, Maurice A. Hammer. Sir Knight, Maurice A. Hammer, Eminent Commander in 1929-30 serving as Right Eminent Grand Commander of the Grand Commandery, Knight Templars of Pennsylvania 1948-49. OLIVET COUNCIL NO. 13, ROYAL AND SELECT MASTERS. Constituted May 29, 1860. First Officers (1860). Thrice Ill. Master, Richard Coulter; Dep. Ill. Master, William Terry; Prin. Conductor of Work, William S. Brown. Present Officers,-Thrice Ill. Master, Bayard W. Saler; Dep. Ill. Master, Charles Bocksberger; Prin. Conductor of Work, Norman B. Wright, Sr.; Treasurer, Garfield A. McDowell; Recorder, Maurice A. Hammer. WESTMORELAND LODGE NO. 518, F & A. M. Constituted Decem- ber 27, 1872. Celebrated 75th anniversary, February 17, 1948. First officers (1872),-Worshipful Master, Jacob Turney, Senior Warden, George F. Huff; Junior Warden, Wiliam W. Logan; Treasurer, Zack P. Bierer; Secretary, John Latta. John S. Sell, Worshipful Master in 1892 served as Right Worshipful Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania in 1920-21. Present officers,- Worshipful Master, Jacob -171- 1799 F. Harshey; Senior Warden, John C. Sliker; Junior Warden, William W. Wilson; Treasurer, Maurice A. Hammer; Secretary, Henry E. Holloway. PHILANTHROPY LODGE NO. 225 F & A. M.,-Constituted Sep- tember 6, 1847. Celebrated 100th anniversary September 6, 1947. First officers (1847),-Worshipful Master, Lebbeus L. Bigelow; Senior Warden, William Jack; Junior Warden, Jacob M. Wise; Treasurer, Frederick A. Rohrer; Secretary, William Cook. Present officers,- Worshipful Master, David W. Hough; Senior Warden, Michael J. Crilley; Junior Warden, Elmer W. Leech; Treasurer, John E. VanDyke; Secretary, Emory Smith. LOYAL SONS AND DAMES OF AMERICA,-Organized February 4, 1919. First Officers,-Jr. Past Counselor, James Forsythe; Counselor, Estella Hillman;Vice Counselor, Mable Lowstater; Financial Secretary, A. C. Wimmer; Treasurer, Kathryn Luigal. Present Officers,-Past Counselor, Beatrice Little; Recording Secretary, Ada Duff; Assistant Recording Secretary, Pricilla Kuhns; Chaplain, Mary Bagley; Conductor, Eleanor Yereb; Inside Sentinel, Bertha Klingensmith; Outside Sentinel, Mable Hoffman. GREENSBURG REBEKAH LODGE No. 236,-Organized August 1904. Object: Social. First Officers,-N.G., Carrie Reigh; V.G. Mrs. H. J. Martin; Secretary, L. P. Wentzell; Treasurer, H. C. Loor. Present Officers,-N.G. Bertha Jeffrey; V.G., Martha Lewis; Chaplain, Stella Ruffner; Treasurer, Jennie Taylor; Secretary, Lula Errett; Recording Secretary, Gertrude Errett; Warden, Elizabeth Taylor; Conductor, Gertrude Jones; Inner Guard, Della McCall; Outside Guard, Celia Byerly; Pianist, Jennie Barnard. WILLIAM PENN BENEFICIAL ASSOCIATION,-Organized Jan- uary 10, 1922. Object: fraternal, beneficial, social. First Officers,- President, Joseph Woodman; Vice President, E. E. Palmer; Secretary, John J. Karabin; Treasurer, Henry A. Jordan. Board of Directors, C. E. Miller, Wm. F. Weimer, Charles McIlvaine, C. R. Barnhart, H. A. Thomas. Present Officers,-President, C. E. Miller; Vice President, Alex Seymour; Secretary,Treasurer- George Taylor; Board of Directors, M. A. DeBone, George Good, Walter E. Lister, R. L. Lynn, James C. Shields. WESTMORELAND LODGE, I.O.O.F. NO. 840,-Organized May 21, 1873. Object: Care of sick, bury the dead, educate the orphan. First Officers,-Noble Grand, F. M. Sarver; Vice Grand, J. Arthur Edge; Secretary, A. L. Waugaman; Treasurer, George F. Huff. Present Offi- cers,-Noble Grand, Harry F. Kelly; Vice Grand, Peter Lake; Secretary, Thomas Taylor; Treasurer, Gilbert G. Carlson. -172- 1949 GREENSBURG LODGE NO. 505, KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS,- Organized April 14, 1905. Object: Fraternalism. First Officers,- George E. Barron, Ira A. Hartman, J. T. Coughlin, J. V. Flannery, H. H. Weldin, Charles E. Snyder, Harry E. Cope, D. M. Robinson, and Richard M. Smith. Present Officers,-John Bungard, James Bungard, Albert S. Smith, Wm. L. Bush, Virgil D. Smith, James K. Seacrist, Frank Hamm. George S. Rugh, William C. Kemerer, Mark Ciganovic, Harry Stairs, and Peter Lake. FRATERNAL ORDER OF EAGLES, NO. 577,-Organized December 22, 1903. First Officers,-James Gilliland, President; G. L. McIntyre, Secretary; A. L. Bethunn, Treasurer; Trustees: S. L. Walthour, Louis Baerr, John Kilgore. Present Officers: William Whigham, President; Clair Collier, Vice President; James Williams, Treasurer; JamesMahoney, Secretary; Trustees, George McCall, Harry Brinker, J. C. Hankey. URANIA CHAPTER NO. 192, ROYAL ARCH MASONS. Constituted 1859. First officers (1859),-Most Excellent High Priest, Richard Coul- ter; King, William S. Brown; Scribe, Daniel Welty. Present officers,- M. E. High Priest, Norman B. Wright, Sr.; King, Guy M. Andrews; Scribe, Charles Bocksberger; Treasurer, Garfield L. McDowell; Secre- tary, Maurice A. Hammer. SCANDINAVIAN FRATERNITY OF AMERICA,-Organized June 18, 1901. Object: Sickness and burial benefits to its members. First Officers,-Past President, John O. Johnson; President, August Hallberg; Vice President, Axel Nelson; Secretary, Victor Ericson; Treasurer, Sanfred Pauli; Financial Secretary, Gust Greenlined. Present Officers,- President, Carl O. Johnson; Vice President, Arnold Johnson; Secretary, Fred Bogren; Treasurer, Frank Wendt; Financial Secretary, Peter Lake. HOMESTEAD SOCIAL & BENEFICIAL SOCIETY,-Organized 1895. First Officers,-President, E. W. Trauger; Secretary-Treasurer, George Dobernick; Trustees, William Jennings, Mort McClair, Bill Gress. Present Officers,-President, Evans Walton; Vice President, Charles Marshall; Secretary-Treasurer, John G. Williams. Board of Directors: Robert S. Marshall, Regis Galvin, Lewis Williams, Omar S. Grove, and Joseph McDonald. LADY McKLVEEN REBEKAH LODGE NO. 438,-Organized January 27, 1930. Object: Social. First Officers,-N.G., Charlotte Schein; V.G., Ruth Fink; Treasurer, Hannah Lopes: Recording Secre- tary, Cora E. Kenny; Financial Secretary, Anna E. Miller. Present Officers: N.G., Florence Hallam; V.G., Mary Whigham; Recording Secretary, Henrietta Weatherhead; Financial Secretary, Anna E. Miller; Treasurer, Bertha Stough. 1799 CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, MUTUAL BENEFICIAL SOCIETY, -Organized May 12, 1906. Object: Fraternal and Social; Educational. First Officers,-President, Joseph Di Berardino; Vice President, Frank Gazze; Secretary, Stanley Cipriani; Treasurer, Michael Cuneo. Present Offiers,-President, Joseph V. Cavalier; Vice President, Jack Conti; Secretary, Christopher C. Cavalier; Treasurer, Tony Ficco. FEDERATION SONS OF COLUMBUS OF AMERICA, INC.,- Organized April 1, 1927. Object: Americanization and Beneficial Society. First Officers: Frank Ferrara, Sam Saguto, Fedele Di Pietro, Carmen Di Paolo, Rocco Zazzaro. Present Officers; President, Ciro Conti; Vice President, Sam Nava; Secretary, Rocco Rossi; Treasurer, James Petroy. MANOPPELLO GROUP OF WESTMORELAND COUNTY,-Or- ganized February 1936. To promote Americanism, Education, and Brotherhood. First Officers,-Rocco Zazzaro, President; Thelma Sofranko, Secretary; R. D'Astolfo, Treasurer. Present Officers,-Nick Mincucci, President; A. J. Blasiole, Secretary; Joseph DiPrimio, Treas. LADIES OF THE GOLDEN EAGLE NO. 154,-Organized September 18, 1907. First Officers,-G. T. Rosy Walters; G or R Josie Watters. Present Officers,-N. Templar, Annie Goulding; V. T. Ella Hawes; G of E, Catherine Ferry; G of F, Ada Duff; G or R, Lula Errett; D. G. Templar, Margaret Perkins. GREENSBURG ENCAMPMENT, NO. 199, INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS,-Organized October 16, 1907. Object: Fraternal. C. P., W. C. Loor; Treasurer, O. G. Coughenour; Scribe, H. H. Weldin. Present Officers,-C. P., Ralph E. Householder; Scribe, Roy R. Taylor; Treasurer, Peter Lake. ORDER OF INDEPENDENT AMERICANS,-Organized April 10, 1905. Object: Patriotic. First Officers,-Councilor, A. M. Bell; V. Councilor, Frank McKlveen; L. A. Fait, and W. O. Murtland. Present Officers,-Councilor, A. M. Bell; Vice Councilor, John T. Hayden; Fin. Sec., Leslie A. Fait; Trustee, W. O. Murtland. SLAVONIC AMERICAN HOME, INC.,-Organized May 29, 1935. Object: Fraternal. First Officers,-President, Carl Brierchek; Secretary, Michael Krupar; Treasurer, Mark Ciganovic. Present Officers,- Rudolph Smoroda, President; John Ferret, Secretary; John Stehny, Treasurer. JR. ORDER OF UNITED AMERICAN MECHANICS COUNCIL NO. 69,-Organized December 15, 1915. First Officers,-J. W. Bowman, W. J. Hauger, A. C. Winner, and Elmer Stahl. Present Officers,- councilor, John W. Thompson; Fin. Treas., Paul Ferry; Treas. O. W. Blackburn; Rec. Secretary, Fred W. Ball. 1949 WOODMEN OF THE WORLD LIFE INSURANCE SOCIETY,- Organized December 29, 1892. Object: Life Insurance, Fraternalism. Present Officers,-Consul Commander, William R. Hosie; Banker, William T. Taylor; Financial Secretary, Charles D. Shields. B'NAI B'RITH LODGE Westmoreland Lodge No. 903, B'Nai B'Rith, was organized in 1916, with a membership of 70 representing the surrounding communities. Harry M. Friedlander served as first president. He was succeeded by Charles Pross, Jacob Berkowitz, William Racusin, Simon Davis, Maurice J. K. Davis, Irving Lowenstein, Samuel Friedlander, Max Finkelstein, Max M. Bergad, Theodore Levin, Phillip Abramson and Harry Laughran. The lodge was reorganized in 1946, with 130 residents of Greensburg. In 1946, the name of the Lodge was changed to Warren Roy Laufe Lodge No. 903 B'Nai B'Rith with Harold I. Wolfe as president. Present officers: Jack Goldberg, president; Sidney Stern, Herbert Finklestein, William Enelow, Vice Presidents; Herbert Davis, Secre- tary; Robert Davis, Treasurer; Bernard Davis, Financial Secretary; William Wolfe, Warden; Jacob Glass, Guardian. Trustees: Phillip Abramson, Simon Davis, Mark Mace, Max Finkelstein and Joseph Laufe. ORDER OF JOB'S DAUGHTERS, Bethel Number Three was insti- tuted August 15, 1944. The local group was organized by Mrs. Lulu Leyda, the first officers being:-Honored Queen, Gertrude Wible; Senior Princess, Patricia Inghram; Junior Princess, Ruth Brooks; Guide, June Hayden; Marshall, Marjorie McDowell; Recorder, Donna Henry; Treas- urer, Mary Bell Snyder; Librarian, Patricia Highberger; Musician, Joanne Darling; First Messenger, Miriam Barnhart; Second Messenger, Kay Hammer; Third Messenger, Marjorie Ramsey; Fourth Messenger, Betty Widdowsin; Fifth Messenger, Lucy Mitinger; Senior Custodian, Lois Ann Wible; Junior Custodian, Jane Marrow; Inner Guard, Gerry Herr; Outer Guard, Marjorie Conner; Members of the first guardian council were: Mrs. Mable Marks; Mrs. Victor Hayden, Mrs. Etta Wright, Mrs. Pauline Barton, and Mrs. Nellie Herr, director of music. Present officers are: Honored Queen, Joan Anderson; Senior Prin- cess, Nancy Steele; Junior Princess, Virginia Langworthy; Guide, Fay Steiner; Marshal, Ardith Stryker; Recorder, Joanne Hassinger; Treasurer, Linda Sue Beehner; Librarian, Nancy Potts; Musician, Peggy Ludwick; Messengers,-Donna Waugaman, Connie Davis, Peggy Gailbraith, Edith Kifer and Mary Lou Loughrey. Senior Custodian, Ruth Yeager; Junior Custodian, Mildred Kifer; Inner Guard, Shirley Fisher; Outer Guard, Ann Hogue and chaplain, Donna Newquist. -173- 1799 rain and thaw; and he find the snow entirely gone on this side of Laurel. Hill, which gives us some uneasiness with regard to the creeks we have to cross." The next day he crossed the Big Sewickley, traveling twenty miles to a Mr. Lord's for the night, and on March 10th he arrived at Pittsburgh, twenty miles more, after crossing "Turtle Creek, which was very high; and the ice breaking, we cut down trees, and with their assistance got over". (The life of Major-General Peter Muhlenberg of the Revolution- amy Army, appendix, pp. 425-453, Philadelphia, 1849). Many travelers who used the Glades Road spent the night at Donegal, then known as McGinnes's, coming to Greensburg over the Clay Pike which led through Kecksburg past the present Hurst High School through Hecla and Weaver's Old Stand to the Lincoln Highway West of Irwin, the travelers, however, taking the old Mt. Pleasant Pike at Weaver's Old Stand and coming to Greensburg for the night. Yorktown had brought peace to the country and by 1785 the west- ward movement was on. The western end of the Forbes Road from near St. Xavier's Academy to Pittsburgh via Hannastown and Bushy Run was gradually forsaken since the burning of Hannastown on July 13, 1782, for a more direct road which began as a mere path through Greens- burg. So from the beginning, Greensburg was a town of taverns and hostelries-a post town. In the "History of Greensburg" printed and published by Vogle and Winsheimer, Greensburg, Pennsylvania, in 1899 for the centennial of the incorporation of Greensburg and written by B. F. Vogle, there appears on page 49 the following: "Greensburg, like all settlements in the western country, prior to 1800, and even for some years thereafter, was compelled to depend almost entirely on post-riders and pack horses in its communi- cation with the outside world...... Greensburg was a popular sojourning place with the packers and movers (owners or drivers of pack-horse trains) in their trips eastward and westward. There were four or more taverns in the limits or vicinity of the town in 1786 with special provisions for catering to the packers." That there was an inn at the site of Greensburg in 1785 is certain, for in an attempt to collect state excise taxes on whiskey, the Common- wealth-in June of 1785 sent one Graham to Greensburg for this purpose, who, when he was in his hotel in Greensburg, was called to the door of his room by night and threatened by one calling himself "Beelzebub, the Prince of Devils" and his minions. This hostelry was on the South- west corner of the intersection of Main and Pittsburgh Streets, which 1949 in 1791 became the site of the Drum House and was a hotel site longer than any other in Greensburg, and until the Fisher House burned in the early 1930's. Since then this corner has degenerated into other uses. (History of Westmoreland County by George Dallas Albert, pp. 197 and 498, L. H. Everts and Company, 1882). In the "American Gazateer" by Jedidiah Morse, D.D., Second Edition corrected in Boston, 1798, Greensburg is designated as a post town in the following words: "Greensburg.,a post town and the capital of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. It is a neat, pretty town situate on a branch of Sewickly Creek which empties into Youghiogany River. Here are one hundred dwelling houses, a German Calvinist Church, a brick Court House and stone jail." As travel increased and its methods became more varied with Cones- toga wagons, stage coaches and mail coaches, the coaches changing horses in relays every twelve miles, other settlements arose as post towns such as Jennerstown, Youngstown and Jacktown. Christopher Truby is considered the founder of Greensburg, although William Jack should share this honor as both were pioneer settlers and owners of the site of Old Greensburg. However, Christopher Truby gave the settlement its original name of New Town, after the County Seat of Bucks County from whence Truby emigrated to this vicinity by 1772. In 1776 at New Town, Bucks County, Generals George Washington and Nathanael Green had their headquarters in guarding the Deleware River. It is significant that many of the patriots from Westmoreland County served under General Greene during the Revolution, and no doubt his military popularity in this vicinity was one of the reasons for changing the name in his honor. Born on June 6, 1742, General Greene had died at Mulberry Grove, Georgia, on June 19, 1786, having been reared a strict Quaker by his lay preacher father, working in field, mill and forge; having been one of the first persons to submit to inoculation for smallpox when many states pro- hibited it by law; having at twenty devoured Blackstone's Commentaries and Jacob's Law Dictionary to help defend a family law suit, and there- after serving as a representative in the General Assembly of Rhode Island. There he voiced his sentiments and formed his opinions against England, and being convinced that war was inevitable studied military tactics and in 1774 enlisted as a private despite a slight limp in his gait,- all of which ignited embers which leaped into that flame of glory in the Revolution which the name of Greensburg has since and ever will honor. (Appleton's Encyclopedia of American Biographies, Vol. II, Page 750, D. Appleton & Company, New York, 1887). -3- 1799 1949 THE WESTMORELAND HOSPITAL WESTMORELAND HOSPITAL NURSES HOME The Westmoreland Hospital Association Industry in Westmoreland County was growing by leaps and bounds by 1890, especially the. coal and coke business, which necessitated the building of branch railroads. Mining and construction work was very hazardous with no place to care for the injured except in the home or the office of a physician. The situation became worse because of few trained nurses. Those seriously injured had to be placed on a stretcher and transported in a baggage car to the nearest hospital-which was in Pittsburgh. Patients suffered unduly from the lack of immediate, skilled care, and those hospitalized were separated from their families which found it most inconvenient to visit them. The Westmoreland Hospital Association was organized January 22, 1895, when a group of public-spirited citizens held a meeting in the law offices of Atkinson and Peoples to discuss plans for a hospital. Present at the meeting were D. S. Atkinson, Dr. R. B. Hammer, Thomas Donahoe, Dr. J. W. B. Kamerer, Joseph A. McCurdy and Dr. Frank Cowan. The following men were elected and conprised the first board of directors: Dr. Hammer, President; Dr. Cowan, Secretary; and Mr. Donahoe, Treasurer. Other members were D. S. Atkinson, Dr. J. W. B. Kamerer, Thomas Lynch, Thomas Donahoe, Dr. Frank Cowan, Joseph McCurdy, J. Howard Patton, Sr., Hon. John Brown, George Huff, John Brennen (Scottdale), and Hohn Wolf (Irwin). Committees were ap- pointed to secure a charter. In April 1895, the Court of Common Pleas of Westmoreland County granted a charter to the Westmoreland Hospital Association. A residence known as the Cowan property on West Pittsburgh Street (now the Royal Hotel) was rented for $600 per year, and this, together with a house next door, was remodeled and equipped to care for 25 patients. The formal opening took place January 1, 1896, but on December 8, 1895, Mrs. Ida Clark Gaut, the Hospital Superintendent and Director of Nurses enrolled six students. For three weeks she gave intense in- struction to the students in nursing procedures and prepared them to receive patients with a degree of confidence and skill. The students under the supervision of Mrs. Gaut were called to fill all posts day and night, including the operating room. The course of nursing education was two years. A medical staff of 15 was appointed to care for the patients, and today two of the staff members are living in Greensburg: Dr. Iden Portser and Dr. C. E. Snyder. A total of 218 patients were treated the first year. The advantages which the local hospital afforded were realized at once by citizens of the community and soon the admission of other than surgical patients was undertaken. The demand for hospital beds in- creased and the Board of Directors were obliged to make plans for en- larging the hospital. The first class of six nurses received their diplomas December 1897. The hospital moved to its present location at 532 West Pittsburgh Street in 1898. It consisted of four wards of ten beds each, six small rooms, service quarters and the nurses' quarters on the second floor. The school of Nursing continued to increase with the bed capacity. In 1898, Mrs: Gaut withdrew and Isabel WVoodburn was her suc- cessor for the next five years. In 1902, an addition to the building brought the bed capacity up to 75. More student nurses were enrolled and the course of instruction was extended to three years. A laundry was built for the hospital in 1903. A three-story wing was added in 1908 and the hospital was equipped to care for 90 patients. All the nursing care, operating room and diet kitchen service was rendered by the student nurses who attended class -174- 1799 1949 and lectures after 7:00 P.M. Through the years, the hospital grew as the need demanded. A laboratory was installed, also a receiving ward, sterilizing room and x-ray department. In 1920, a nurses' home was erected consisting of 38 single rooms, a large living room, classrooms and laboratory, and also a boiler room and laundry were added, equipped with new modern machinery. In 1925, Miss Edith B. Irwin became Superintendent of the hospital and in 1927, Miss N. E. Laubenstein, Director of Nursing. A new wing was added to the hospital in 1928, increasing the bed capacity to 175. Additional equipment was added for the school of nursing. Pediatric and obstetrical units were established. By 1930, with an increase in the enrollment of the school, more instructors and supervising nurses were employed. Additional beds were added in 1941 by converting private into semi-private rooms. A new entrance to the hospital was built and rooms formerly occupied by nurses were converted into quarters for patients. The hospital now has a capacity of 230 beds. The total of 9,225 patients were admitted in 1948. The Westmore- land Hospital School of Nursing has graduated 513 nurses. At present, there are 92 graduate nurses, 53 students, and a medical staff of 75 doctors attending the patients. There is a full-time pathologist and five technicians who work in the laboratory, a roentgenologist and three x-ray technicians in the X-ray department. The Westmoreland Hospital meets all requirements and has been approved by the Pennsylvania State Board of Nurse Examiners, the American College of Surgeons, and the American Medical Association. The Woman's Association of the Westmoreland Hospital was organized in 1896 by Mrs. Cecilia Wilson Donahoe - daughter of of Thomas Donahoe and Mrs. James Armstrong. This new auxiliary organization serves dinners to raise funds for the hospital. The organi- zation now has 400 members and 150 in the junior group. Association members give valuable assistance to provide the hospital with special equipment adding much to the comfort and care of patients. Present members serving on the Board of Directors are: R. W. Smith, President; John Barclay, Jr., Secretary; Joseph D. Wentling, Treasurer; Paul Beamer (Manor), W. Urban Gillespie (Jeannette); General Richard Coulter, A. N. Pershing, Ralph E. Jamison, John Robertshaw, Norman Hays of Irwin and C. M. Bomberger and Paul Euwer, both of Jeannette. The Westmoreland Hospital has been caring for the sick and injured of this community for 54 years. Whether in the light of day or the hours before dawn, the Hospital stands ready to serve. The doors never close, the lights never go out, the facilities are available 24 hours, seven days a week, with skilled personnel on duty at all times to administer to the sick and injured, meeting every emergency. Doctors, nurses, and an unseen army of hospital personnel-the laboratory technician who completes the all important blood count, the switchboard operator, who rushes an urgent call to someone who is needed-are always alert and ready to help when accident or illness strikes. Hospital Superintendents;-Dr. Frank Cowan, 1895-96; Ida Clark, 1896-98; Mabel Woodburn, 1898-1903; Irene Fallon, 1903-04; Harriet Krause, 1904-08; Estelle V. Fost, 1908-16; Hiram Grove, 1916-20; Mrs. M. D. Burke, 1920-23; W. Joy Bairstow, 1923-25; Edith B. Irwin, 1925-49. Directors of Nursing:-Ida Clark, 1896-98; Isabel Woodburn, 1898-1903; Irene Fallon, 1903-04; Harriet Krause, 1904-05; Ella Seifert, 1905-07; Carrie Kline, 1907-09; Elizabeth Donet, 1909-14; Mary Yeager, 1914-15; Elizabeth Childs, 1915-17; Elizabeth Brogan, 1917-18; M. M. Grove, 1919-20; Anne O'Hara, 1920-21; M. B. Carmichael, 1922; Blanche Eldon, 1923; Mary Spare, 1923-24; Loretta Bissett, 1924-25; Amanda Sheeler, 1925-26; Edith Davies, 1926-27; N. E. Laubenstein, 1927-46; Martha Marks, 1946-49. -J.D.W. For the community, the Board of Editors pay tribute to the Westmoreland Hospital, which tribute includes the unselfish devotion and great vision of the founders and the succeeding directors,-the many great and skillful physicians and surgeons who have served our people, the loyal superin- tendents and nurses and employees who have staffed it, and the hundreds of Greensburg women who through the years have supported its endeavors. Through the aggregate of these unselfish labors, it stands today as one of the finest philanthropic causes in our state, and it would be less than just not to acknowledge Greensburg's debt to it.-The Editors -175- 1799 THE GREENSBURG LIBRARY The first plan for a library in Greensburg was made by the Concord Club, a group of young men organized "to promote the welfare of our country, to create and develop intelligent, patriotic interest in every important phase of our national life". A committee was appointed on October 25, 1935, and made recommendations to the club. They secured third floor rooms in the Brien Building and collected several volumes which were cataloged. The Concord Club realized the project had to be community-wide and not a club project. Several prominent citizens were asked to serve as a temporary board of directors. This group was charter- ed as the "Greensburg Library Association". A charter was granted December 31, 1935, by Judge Charles E. Whitten. The organization aimed to establish a free public library for the community. Control of the library was passed by the Concord Club to the newly created Greens- burg Library Association in January, 1936. A membership drive was conducted to' secure charter members. K. S. Nevin acted as chairman. Charter members were to have control. More than 300 charter members and over $3,000.00 was thus secured. At the same time, another campaign was launched for books. Mrs. C. L. Goodwin was chairman for this drive. The response was excellent, many books being donated. With the membership and book drive completed, the association was ready for permanent organization. A meeting of the charter members was called at the School Administration Building on February 27, 1936. At this meeting, by-laws were adopted and the board of 15 directors elected. They were: Charles McKenna Lynch, President; Mrs. C. L. Goodwin, Vice President; Harry J. Ryan, Treas- urer; Miss Edna L. McFarland, Secretary; James A. Llorens, Library Director. Other members of the board were: Mrs. John Barclay, Sr., Mrs. 'John Barclay, Jr., Thomas S. Connor, Miss Margaret Coulter, James Gregg, Mrs. Thomas Lynch, R. W. Smith, Walter H. Smith, E. Arthur Sweeny and Mrs. Todd G. Truxal. The first job confronting the new board was opening the library, purchase of essential books, selecting a librarian, and an assistant librar- ian. The books were cataloged and prepared for circulation as part of the National Youth Movement. Both the Greensburg High School and Seton Hill College cooperated in obtaining young people for this work. About 7,000 books were thus prepared and ready when the library opened. The new quarters in the Brien Building were not satisfactory due to rapid expansion of the library. Climbing stairs to the third floor required a great deal of energy. Beside, much paper created a fire 1949 hazard. New quarters were found and the library moved to the property on South Maple Avenue owned by the Zimmerly family. On June 19, 1936, the library opened its doors to the children of Greensburg, and on June 20, 1936, to adults. There were 7,500 books and 54 magazines. Miss Muriel Bryan was the first librarian . She had two assistants, Miss Ruth Maxwell and Mrs. Irma N. Braucher. The first year the library operated on a budget of $3,600.00 The librarian's salary was $100.00 per month and her assistants received $60.00 and $48.00 respectively. During the first month of operation, the circulation was 8,481 books of which 5,335 were adult and 3,146 juvenile books. This was a very good record and proved that the people of Greensburg welcomed the library. Miss Bryan did a good job of organization but did not live to know how well she had laid the foundation of the new library. She died suddenly of a heart attack February 24, 1937. Miss Maxwell assumed her duties as librarian. On July 25, 1938, General Richard Coulter, on behalf of the Coulter heirs, offered the old Coulter residence on the corner of Third and Main streets for the library. The Board accepted the offer. The building was remodeled and the library moved June 26, 1940. More commodious quarters allowed the library to provide a Children's Room, two reading rooms and two rooms of racks on the first floor. The third floor was furnished for the Pennsylvania Room, a reference room, mending and work room and office. The book collection has grown from 7,000 to 17,433 volumes; magazines from 54 to 103. There are 500 books on Pennsylvania alone. There is a Children's Story Hour and a radio broadcast over WHJB every week. There are two ceiling projectors and films for bedfast patrons. Librarians have been: Miss Muriel Bryan, serving until 1937; Miss Ruth Maxwell, until November 1943; Frances Bell Mulcahy, until March 1945; Miss Roberta Shand, until February, 1948. The present librarian is Miss Lydia Heller. -L.H. THE GREENSBURG POST OFFICE The Greensburg Post Office was established August 5, 1791, accord- ing to records filed in the National Archives of the United States, Wash- ington, D. C. The first Post Office was located on the Southside of Pittsburgh street between Main Street and Pennsylvania avenue. Later, it was moved to a building near the corner of Main and Second streets. The -176- 1799 POST OFFICE FORCE - 1922 Oliver P. Goodlin, John E. Eckenrod, W. R. Hunter, Roy Hellein, Byron J. Barnhart, Harry C. Everett. Second row; Harry Woodward, Wm. R Bennett, Rachel Bennett, Sara Portser, Frank Stough, Walter Stephenson, George Allison, George Sprague, Victor King. Third row; John T. Painter, postmaster, Charles Sliker, Harry Orr, Charles Cribbs, M. R. Turney, Richard McIntyre, Frank R. Morrison, Art Keener. Top row; Alex Dick, Joseph Walton, Ed Mechling, George Loughner. third location was in the Masonic Building in South Main Street. The present Federal building was first occupied in 1911. The local Post Office was first known as Greensburgh but the spelling was changed on March 28, 1894 to that of Greensburg. It became a presidential office on March 17, 1865. The business expanded to such degree that in 1935, it became nec- essary to remodel the Post Office, or-Federal Building in order to provide more badly needed floor space. The Federal Building in which the Post Office is housed also provides office rooms for the Department of Agri- culture, the United States Navy, the Internal Revenue, Civil Service Commission, Census Bureau and the Congressional Office. It is located on the corner of Pennsylvania avenue and Third street. The Greensburg Post Office serves the population of about 35,000 patrons including the rural routes. The volume of business exceeds $275,000 per annum. This figure includes only the revenue derived from the sale of postage. In addition to mailing facilities, the Post Office offers service to patrons in the sale of money orders, United States Saving Bonds and postal saving certificates. The Greensburg office also acts as distributor for 67 neighboring post offices. These offices are served by seven star routes eminating from the local office and extended to Indiana, west to Leechburg and Murrays- ville, south to Uniontown and east to Latrobe. The local post office has a compliment of 20 regular foot carriers, three parcel post carriers, one special delivery messenger, six rural carriers and 28 regular clerks including four supervisors. The supervisory staff with Postmaster Margaret Mary Hughes include Frank R. Morri- son, assistant postmaster; Alexander Dick, superintendent of Mails; and Robert A. Mertz, assistant superintendent of Mails. 1949 POST OFFICE - GREENSBURG, PA. Postmasters, who have served the Greensburg office from 1791 to 1949 are: Thomas Hamilton, September 2, 1791; John Kirkpatrick, October 1, 1793*; John Morrison, October 1, 1797*; David McKeehan, July 1, 1798*; Thomas McGuire, July 1, 1801*; Simon Drum, Jr., August 26, 1818; Samuel B. Lauffer, August 4, 1849; John Morrison, April 20, 1853; John Loor, October 22, 1855; Hugh Arters, March 30, 1861; Daniel Welty, October 26, 1866; Samuel S. Turney, March 12, 1873; James C. Baldridge, January 17, 1882; William C. Loor, March 1, 1886; Augustus D. Welty, March 13, 1890; William R. Turney, March 28, 1894; R. A. Fulton Lyons, March 9, 1898; John M. Zimmerman, June 26, 1914 (Acting Postmaster) Jacob Truxal, July 1, 1918 (Acting Postmaster) John H. McKlveen, August 1, 1918 (Acting Postmaster- John T. Painter, April 1, 1919; Kathleen McT. Gregg, January 1, 1938 (Acting Postmaster) John C. Sliker, February 10, 1940 (Acting Postmaster) and Margaret Mary Hughes, November 1, 1941. *Date of first return or account from the Deputy Postmaster to the Postmaster General. Taken at back of Main Street, Post Office, Masonic Building-1906-07 Wi. Laughner, Mose Turney, John Painter, James Reed, Chas. Warner. George Loughner. -177- FIRST BOY SCOUT TROOP Y. M. C. A. YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION This is the 91st year of the founding of It was June 18, 1858 in the Armory Hall elected president of the new organization. James A. Hunter succeeded him. the Greensburg Y.M.C.A. that William Domer was Dan Welty and the late Fourteen years earlier, June 1844, George Williams, a clerk in a London dry-goods store had the idea that young men were living godless lives. He invited some of his fellow workers to his bedroom for Bible study and prayer, and the "Y" was on its way. In those days, it was a long stretch from London to Greensburg, but in 14 years the movement caught hold here. On the 9th day of May, 1889, the Greensburg Y.M.C.A. was incorporated. There were 23 in- corporators of whom only three are living. They are John M. Jamison, A. H. Bell and E. E. Allshouse all of Greensburg. The records are in- complete and what happened to the "Y" in the years between 1859 and 1890 is hard to determine. However, in that year, records show that Paul H. Gaither was president. A. H. Bell was president in 1891, and Henry S. McIntyre in 1892. Another break in the record was in 1903. Then, the late Superior Court justice, J. E. B. Cunningham, was president. Following him came Congressman George F. Huff and L. C. Walkinshaw. Mr. Walkinshaw was president of the Y.M.C.A. in Greensburg which, in reality, was more or less defunct when the Will of the late D. S. Atkinson disclosed the magnificent gift which had been made to the youth and people of Greensburg. Mr. Atkinson died April 7, 1910; his will was probated April 11-four days later. The prospect of such a gift aroused interest, and immediately the existing board assembled to discuss the matter. It was approximately a year later, however, that the trustees appointed by the Will of Mr. Atkinson was ready to make a report. The meeting was held on December 11, 1911, and the report was made by the secretary of the Board of Trustees. They decided that work would start on the new Y.M.C.A. building about March 1, and that the cost would be $95,000.00. Two years later the new building was completed and ready for occupancy. The opening and general reception was on October 30, and the dedication on November 2, 1913. The first secretary was T. B. Diltz. Lewis Walkinshaw served as president from 1910 until 1914. Succeeding presidents have been: F. G. Bryce, C. E. Whitten, W. Scott Lane, L. B. Smith, C. L. Goodwin, William T. Dom, Chas. M. Henry, K. S. Nevin, D. R. Fisher, A. N. Pershing, Jr., G. A. McDowell, Walter H. Smith and D. F. Mullane, the present president. Other secretaries following Mr. Diltz have been: Horace M. Reed, W. J. Graff, H. F. Duncan and A. W. Flath, the incumbent. It is noteworthy that more than 100,000 persons engage in the various activities at the Greensburg Y.M.C.A. during a single year. This, of course, means that many of the same men, women, boys and girls pass through the various activities many times, nevertheless, indicates the tremendous service and importance of the local "Y" to the people of Greensburg and surrounding area. -A.W.F. GREENSBURG BOY SCOUTS Scouting started in Greensburg soon after the movement was formed on February 8, 1910. No records were kept at that time and it is im- possible now to state which troop was organized first. The late Col. Edward E. Robbins is given much credit for starting the Boy Scout movement in Greensburg and Westmoreland county. He attended a meeting held in Washington, D. C., where W. D. Boyce described the British Boy Scouts. The organization of Boy Scouts of America was an outcome of this meeting. Upon returning to Greensburg, Col. Robbins called a group of men together including W. D. Hockensmith of Irwin, John D. Miller, and F. B. Miller of Greensburg, and Thomas Whiteman of Latrobe, These men set up the first organization for the Boy Scouts. -178- 1799 1949 1799 1949 BOY SCOUT CAMP STAFF, WESCO - 1948 Top row, left to right; Geo. Clark, Monessen; Harry Probst, Ligonier; FIRST BOY SCOUT CAMP - WESCO R. B. Probst, Field Scout Executive, Camp Director; Tom Larimer, Latrobe; Wm. Liptrot, Monessen. Center, left to right; Sam. Lewis, Scottdale A. J. Tempero, Greensburg; Wm. Peters, Greensburq; Jim Myers, Denver, Col., Asst. Director; Tom Tylka, Smithton; Wm. Fullerton, Herminie. Front row, left to right; Dave Fink, Derry; Wm. Hunter, Hermine; Jas. Dibble, Latrobe; Sonnie Probst, Ligonier; Wm. Hoffman, Scottdale. Two troops were formed in Greensburg and one in Irwin. Another troop was formed in Latrobe by a Chautaugua Unit about the same time. Among the early leaders -of Scouting were: William Hagenlocker of Greensburg, Richard Woods of Irwin, William Peters of Penn, Guy Yolten and a Mr. McCellan of Latrobe. Henry S. McIntire was county Scout chaplain and visited troops throughout the county. The first camp was conducted at Miller's Woods. It proved a huge success. Tents and other equipment were loaned by the Pennsylvania National Guard. Scouting made great strides and a council was formed about the time of World War I. Ray Zeller was the Scout executive. A camp for all the Scouts in the county was held at Kissel's Spring near Waterford. A second and larger council was organized in 1924 with W. D. Hockensmith, president; R. M. Mears and F. B. Miller, vice-presidents; James H. Offutt, commissioner; T. L. Ashcomb, treasurer; P. J. Abraham, national representative and Harry Irwin, secretary. M. S. Burchard was the Scout executive and Alfred B. Rask, his assistant. Other local men, who served on the council were,-W. S. McDonald, D. J. Snyder, J. R. Walthour, H. A. Riddle, C. E. Marsh, H. N. Yont, R. B. Herbert, Paul Shrum, and Dr. C. W. McKee. Some of these men are still active in Scouting work today. This organization served the entire county until September 1937, when the Westmoreland-Fayette Council was formed. Those who have served as president since the Boy Scouts organized follow:-W. D. Hockensmith, I. V. Shallenberger, T. H. Rutherford, Col. Henry W. Coulter, J. E. Kunkle, Jr., Thomas Lynch and John Barclay, Jr. Scout executives, who have served the Council since 1924 are:-M. S. Burchard, V. L. Huntsberger, W. W. Hill and J. T. Ewing. Scouting now served many groups of boys in this area each year. There are more than 4,000 boys enrolled in the 200 units in the council at the present time. More than 1,500 boys are expected to join each year. Camping has grown from a camp of fifty boys to an average of 1,500 boys each season. The Scout Council has grown from 25 men to more than 300 with 17 Scout units comprising 600 boys in Greensburg alone. -J.T.E. 1. -179- 1799 GREENSBURG GIRL SCOUTS The first Girl Scout troop in Greensburg was organized by Mrs. Paul Meyers in 1921. The troop met in the Christian church for a time but later disbanded. The next year at the request of Rev. H. A. Riddle of the Westminster Presbyterian church another troop of Girl Scouts was organized by the late Mrs. Harvey Boarts. She was assisted by Miss Helen McMillen. From then on, this world-wide movement has grown in the Greens- burg community, until today there are over 600 Girl Scouts representing 21 troops. Mrs. Boarts did much to make the organization a success. In 1934, a troop for younger girls known as the Brownies started to meet in Zion's Lutheran church under the direction of Miss Eleanor Miller. She was assisted by Phyllis Kline and Sarah Walker. The troop was short lived. Later, Miss Emma Jane Truxal, re-organized the Brownies at a meeting in the First Presbyterian church. They have many Brownie members. There are also two senior Girl Scout troops, who assist the supervision of these organizations. Work of the council members includes raising funds to acquire supplies for carrying on the work. The council was formed in 1934 at the suggestion of Mrs. Harvey Boarts, now deceased. Members at present are:-Mrs. Robert Paul Turney; commissioner; Mrs. Harvey Fennell, 1949 secretary; Miss Mabel Potts, treasurer; Miss Louise Barnhart, registrar; Miss Ella Allison, Mrs. Lawrence Blackburn, Mrs. Charles Crouse, Mrs. Dan Dunmire, Miss Katherine Gebhard, Mrs. Carolyn Kunkle, Mrs. Joseph Laufe, Miss Beatrice Ludwig, Mrs. Ross Menoher, Miss Hazel Sowash and Mrs. Carson Wallace. The object of the Girl Scout organization is to cultivate character; the motto being, "On my honor". GREENSBURG RED CROSS Early in 1898, before there was an American Red Cross of national scope and standing, "The Greensburg Red Cross Society" was formed with Louise Brunot as president, Mrs. J. W. Gilchrist, secretary and Mrs. D. C. Ogden, treasurer. Clothing and comfort articles were made and sent to the local boys in camp and overseas. A small group of children was organized into a fore-runner of the Junior Red Cross. This Society was disbanded in May 1899 and Greensburg had no Red Cross until the outbreak of World War I. Women at that time began operating as "Auxiliaries of the Greensburg Branch of the National Red Cross. They made comfort kits and surgical dressings for the soldiers. A charter was granted to the Westmoreland County Red Cross Chapter, April 26, 1917. Judge C. D. Copeland was elected Chairman; Edith Naill, secretary and Thomas J. McTighe, treasurer. Important work for the two years following was the production of 83,816 sewed and 25,233 knitted garments and 261,599 surgical dressings, 3,621 comfort kits, CAMP STAFF, GIRL SCOUTS 1942 Standing left to right: Alice Greves. Greensburg: Mary Stark, Vander- grift: Betsy Pollins, Greensburg;: Margie Culler, West Newton; Ebbie Elwood, Apollo; Grace McClain, Yougwood; Betty Gosnell. Gladys Davis, Fayette Sity: Caroline Kunkle, Greensburg; Peqqgy Bentz, Greensburg; Mary Penman, Herminie; Patty Keltz, Latrobe lean Corbett. Irwin: Jane Burt. Pitcairn; Barbara Smith. Irwin: Betty Rollins, Greensburg. Sitting left to right: Lee Miller. Jeannette; Betty Morton. Frederick. Md.; Mary Christie. New Alexandria; Mrs. Boarts. Greensburg; Ibby Engle. Frederick. Md.; Patty Wright. Latrobe; Patty McCormick. Latrobe; Evaline Glunt. Irwin: Marie Fennel. Greensburg. -180- 1799 ED CROSS FLOAT IN WORLD WAR I - SARA GROSS (MRS. JOHN G. [OFFSTOT) CENTRAL FIGURE. 4,538 Christmas packets, the collection of 15,275 linen articles, 52,413 pounds of used clothing and 15 barrels of fruit pits and nut shells. Civilian Relief cared for 1150 cases among the families of soldiers, and emergency hospitals, served by 12,145 volunteer workers, were set up to care for victims of the influenza epidemic in 1918. During the years between the two World Wars, the Westmoreland County Chapter took part in many activities. A mental clinic under the State Department of Health was held in the chapter offices, a well-baby clinic was operated in cooperation with the Women's Association of the Westmoreland Hospital. Public Health Nursing service was initiated in 1920 and continued until 1949, courses in Home Nursing, First Aid and Water Safety were given. During the depression years, government flour and seeds, material and finished garments were distributed; 19,900 new garments were made and 504 old ones renovated. A school lunch was served to a daily average of 165 children in 12 schools, making a total of 35,015 meals. The chapter was fortunate in having no major disaster during these years, but victims of small disasters were cared for and assistance was sent to less fortunate localities. During World War II, the activity of the chapter increased many fold and included the following services:-Blood Donor Service collected 14,806 pints of blood, Home Service cared for 15,000 service men, veterans and their families, all schools were enrolled in the Junior Red Cross each year and gave much service, nurses were recruited and courses were given in Home Nursing, First Aid, Water Safety, Nutrition and Canteen. Under Volunteer Services, the Production Corps made 16,176 sewed, 3,414 knitted articles and 1,128,508 surgical dressings, 333 nurses' aides were trained and gave 519,031 hours of service, Motor Corps, Canteen Corps, Staff Assistance Corps, and Home Service Corps were trained and gave invaluable service. At the present time, the officers of the Westmoreland County Chapter are Robert W. Smith, Jr., chairman; Ira J. Stinson, vice-chair- man; Joseph K. Robinson, Jr., treasurer and Margaret Coulter, secretary. Because of the different need, the program has changed with cessation of hostilities. Some services require more attention, some less and a few have been eliminated. The frame work however, remains and is capable of quick expansion. The Red Cross has always stood ready, to carry out its many services whenever and wherever they are needed.-M.C. CHILDREN'S AID SOCIETY The Westmoreland Children's Aid Society in Greensburg came into existence in May, 1886, in response to the efforts of about 60 public spirited women of Westmoreland County, interested in the welfare of children. It was at that time, the General Assembly of the State of Pennsylvania granted a charter to the Westmoreland Children's Aid Society for the purpose "of aiding destitute children by providing for them homes, food, clothing and such other assistance as they may re- quire". The Westmoreland Children's Home was established to carry out this objective. The Home was originally located in a small rented frame house in Paradise with a population of 10 children and one house-mother. Later, it moved to a rented house in Ludwick. In 1889, three years after the organization of the society, it built a home on the George J. Mechling property on Division Street. By 1897, this Home had become too small to house the children under its care and so an exchange was made with Frank Shearer for his "mansion house property" at 514 West Pittsburgh Street, the present site of the Home. In consideration thereof, Mr. Shearer was given the Division Street property and $7,000.00 in cash. A suc- cession of improvements and additions have been made to the Pittsburgh Street property. Larger and better quarters have been provided con- -181- 1949 CHILDREN'S HOME 1799 HOME FOR THE AGED tinuously to meet the physical needs of the children of the Home. The modus operandi has been adjusted to the changing times, and trends of social thinking. Whatever the changes, the Society has always made an effort to provide a way of life for its children comparable to that of a child in the average home. Approximately 3,000 children have been cared for in the Home since its organization. As these children went out to take their place in the world, many of them have given a very good account of themselves; many of them have kept in touch with the Home by visits and letters and have expressed their appreciation for the care and training given them there. From 1905 to 1933, Georgia Dunn was Superintendent of the Home. Margaret Summers, who had been associated with her for some time, succeeded and continued as superintendent until 1946. The present superintendent is Raymond L. Manella. The expense of operating the Home is met by State and County allotments and by private contributions. A list of the friends of the Home in the community who have contributed to its success and support through the years would read like a census of the county. The Directors at the time of the organization of the Society were: Mrs. Sarah G. Townsend, President; Anne Elizabeth Brunot, Secretary, Mrs. Elizabeth Moore, Treasurer; Mrs. Tade Kuhns, Mrs. Anna R. Turney, Mrs. Ada B. McCullough and Mrs. Louisa A. McAfee. The present directors are: Mrs. Harry F. Bovard, Honorary Presi- dent, Mrs. Robert C. Gross, President; Mrs. Ralph Jamison, Jr., Treas- urer; Mrs. R. Paul Turney, Recording Secretary; Mrs. Carl G. Koppitz, Corresponding Secretary; Mrs. Kirk R. Bryce, 1st Vice President; Thomas L. Wentling, 2nd Vice President. Directors: Mrs. John Barclay, Jr., Frank Boyd, Mrs. Norman Graham, Mrs. Robert B. Herbert, Wayne Hibbs, Mrs. Thomas S. Jamison, Jr., Mrs. Robert M. Johnston, Honor- able Richard D. Laird, Mrs. Stowell Mears, Frank B. Miller, Mrs. John W. Pollins, Mrs. James H. Rogers, Marcus W. Saxman, Mrs. Brennen R. Sellers. Honorary Directors: Mrs. Richard Coulter, Mrs. Thomas Lynch, Mrs. John B. Steel. 1949 The signers of the original Charter were: Mrs. Sarah G. Townsend, Mrs. Elizabeth Moore, Mrs. Ellen Kuhns, Mrs. Mary Brunot, Mrs. J. Baugher Kuhns, Mrs. Annie K. Turney, Anna M. Doty, Mrs. Ada B. McCullough, Mrs. Susan D. Marchand, Henrietta B. Huff, Isabella J. Crawford, Mrs. Rebecca Barclay, Mrs. Lydia A. Keck, Miss Ida Steck, Mrs. J. M. Mechesny, Mrs. Will Brown, Mrs. Sophia Glunt, Mrs. Susanna Jones, A. Elizabeth Brunot, Mary Shearer, Rachel A. Kuhns, Kate Stoy, Mrs. Cynthia A. Hunter, Mrs. R. Furtwangler, Jennie Clark, Mrs. James Turney, Mrs. J. M. Peoples, Mrs. J. S. Moorhead, Mrs. E. W. Coulter, Mrs. Mary Marchand, Mrs. Caroline W. Jamison, N. J. Wentling, Naomi L. Head, E. Georgene Laux, Mrs. Lyde Trauger, Mrs. J. J. Hazlett, Mrs. L. A. McAfee, H. C. Boyd, John D. Miller, Mrs. Annie M. Mullen, Donohoe, Trauger & Co., Joseph Bowman & Sons, Sol Marks, John M. Stewart, S. A. Clements, J. Covode Reed, Mrs. John Chamber- lain, Mrs. Anna B. Miller, Mrs. Lottie S. Kiffer, W. Baughman, O. J. Clawson, John McCreary, F. Y. Clopper, Emma T. Kline, Samuel Long, Kate E. Huff, Westmoreland County Sunday School. HOME FOR THE AGED The Home for the Aged of Westmoreland County was founded in 1916 by Mrs. Sarah Brady and during its 33 years, has been managed by a board of 24 women from Greensburg and other towns in the county. The second and third floors of the Main Building, 11 West Second Street, Greensburg, provide rooms for those women able to take care of themselves. The reception rooms, dining room and kitchen are on the first floor. The first floor of the Annex, 107 West Second Street, is equipped as an infirmary to take care of the sick and infirm. A nurse is on duty 24 hours a day. The Cottage at the rear of 107 West Second Street houses two women. The Home during its first 33 years has cared for 104 guests ranging in length of residence from one month to 19)1. years. Women who have resided in the county for 10 years or longer and in good health are eligible for admission. The Home is maintained by funds brought in by women admitted to the Home and by gifts and bequests. Persons interested are invited to inspect the Home. -182- 1799 UNITED COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS, A council of the United Commercial Travelers (UCT) was organized in Greensburg June 5, 1908. The organization now has a membership of 500. In addition to promoting the three cardinal principles of the Order-Unity, Charity and Temper- anceamong its members, it has been active in many civic endeavors. The UCT has for many years promoted the Greensburg annual picnic at Idlewild Park. Following are the charter members; M. L. Taylor, W. R. Sowash, E. E. Hughes, W. B. Lucas, H. Friedlander, R. M. Glenn, C. F. Skeen, H. R. Little, I. M. Taylor, C. Keller, I. F. Lane, M. Graham, W. M. Smucker, N. A. Boyer, I. T. Freet. Officers of the Council are: Senior Councelor, Ralph Cavalier; Junior Councelor, James B. Eisaman; Past Councelor, Donald Weatherhead; Secretary Treasurer, James R. Eisaman; Conductor, Charles Hatfield; Page, John Alwine; Sentinel, Joseph Bair, Jr.; Chaplain, Hudson Fennell; Executive Committee, Chairman, Joseph Bair, Sr.; Henry Blair, D. R. Fisher, Frank Mesich. THE CATHOLIC WELFARE ASSOCIATION-Established in 1943, to promote family and child welfare. The executive committee is com- posed of at least seven members who shall be the Reverend Director and to other priests appointed by him, and the elected officers of the asso- ciation. Cases which cannot be taken care of parochially are to be referred to the Central Office directly or indirectly by the pastor. The executive committee seeks to enlist the voluntary services of attorneys, doctors, dentists, and other business and professional people to render services on committees, to assist the poor and to sustain contacts with federal, state, county, and municipal officials for the protection of common interests. The officers of the association are: Honorary President, Most Reverend Hugh C. Boyle, D.D.; Supreme Director, Reverend Linus Brugger, O.S.B.; President, Doctor Thomas N. Herron. SOUTHWEST GREENSBURG PARENT-TEACHER ASSOCIA- TION,-Organized 1936, to promote the welfare of children and youth in home, school, church, community and to develop between edu- cators and the general public such united efforts as will secure for every child the highest advantages in physical, mental, social, and spiritual education. First officers: President, S. Robb Keener; Vice-president, Miriam Clendenen; Secretary, Mrs. Arthur Zeth; Treasurer, W. E. Irwin. Present officers: President, J. Robert Munden; First Vice-president, Mrs. George McHenry; Second Vice-president, Mrs. Fred Park; Secre- tary, Mrs. Harrold Churns; Treasurer, Mrs. R. H. Crosby. 1949 JUNIOR AUXILIARY OF THE WESTMORELAND HOSPITAL. Organized March, 1935, to assist in caring for the needs and comfort of the children's ward. First officers, Sally Kurtz; First Vice President, Frances Howard; Second Vice President, Nancy Wentling; Secretary, Betty Coshey; Treasurer, Virginia Miller. Present officers, Mrs. George H. Miller; First Vice President, Mrs. James C. Joyce; Second Vice President, Mrs. Francis B. Terrell; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Robert E. Shrock; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Frank L. Spino; Treasurer, Miss Jean Moore. SOUTH GREENSBURG CIVIC CLUB. Organized April 23, 1917. Name changed from South Greensburg Civic and Play-ground Asso- ciation when Recreation Board took over Playground work in 1922. First officers,-President, Mrs. W. J. Potts; Vice President, Mrs. W. C. Sykes; Second Vice President, Mrs. Ida Durstine; Secretary, Grace Silvis; Treasurer, Mrs. John E. Tracy, Sr. Present officers,-President, Mrs. Mary Kennelty; Vice President, Mrs. Carrie Koring; Secretary, Mrs. Frieda V. Barnes; Treasurer, Mrs. Carrie Rollason. LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF WESTMORELAND COUNTY. Organized Nov. 11, 1941, to work for better government on local and government levels as a non-political organization. First officers,-Presi- dent, Emma McConnell; Vice President, Mrs. Ralph Kough; Secretary, Mrs. J. A. Trainor; Treasurer, Mrs. Mabel Watson. Present officers,- Mrs. John Massier, Vice President, Mrs. Harry Rapp; Secretary, Mrs. Matthew Shields; Treasurer, Mrs. Albert Henderson. ST. MICHAEL'S ORTHODOX SOCIETY. Organized, 1918, to promote good citizenship, social fellowship, erect or purchase a property for religious and social activities. First officers,-Mrs. Joseph Mansour; Vice President, Mike Asa; Secretary, Elias Slyman; Treasurer, Louis Charley. Present officers,-President, N. S. Mansour; Vice President, John E. Faye; Secretaries, Mrs. E. M. George and Louis Charley. WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION. Organized March 27, 1884, object Home protection, and overthrow of the liquor traffic and other vices. First officers,-President, Mrs. Louisa McAfee; Vice President, Mrs. Maude Hoffman; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Agnes B. Gill; Corresponding Secretary, Lizzie Armstrong; Treasurer, Mrs. Cyn- thia Hunter. Present officers,-President, Mrs. Viola Crawford; Vice President, Mrs. Maude Phillips; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Gertrude -183-- ,! TW X .9_ 44 ji T INS AR.Nkio A. A-l I W V Zp .A -4 v "4 A i c 4. .0 Oq. 0 . J, 7 Olt I 1 A 0 V 41 "s, lg. w V j lp 'Al t ui! A tu ,S A mn ot dlit 44 . . . . . . . . . . 0. j5t g 'A jv . .. ..... ai All 4i ,7, Ac in R' . 16, :ep, '!446 YQ- i ..J . I , , i - nz W122 1799 That Greensburg was not so named until after, and hence because of the decease of its namesake is indicated by a certificate of the Justices of the Peace of Westmoreland County, dated August 10, 1786, alluding to a Court House and prison having been erected at "Newtown". However, an Act of Assembly passed September 19, 1786, pertaining to election districts refers to "Greensburg otherwise Newtown" and in a statute enacted December 27, 1786, relating to trustees to locate a Seat of Justice, reference is made "to the place now called Greensburg". Thus, the change of name must have occurred between August 10 and September 19, 1786, and no doubt the news of Greene's death did not reach Western Pennsylvania until sometime during that period due to the slow methods of travel. (Vogle's "History of Greensburg", supra, pp. 1 and 2). Although Greensburg at first had been referred to as New Town in official documents, yet it may have been called by other names at random. Following is an excerpt from a letter written by General Arthur St. Clair, dated March 10, 1787, about a site for the County Seat, whether Pittsburgh, Greensburg, or Hannastown: "What is your opinion of the Pittsburgh Country-I wish we may not overshoot ourselves in that business. I know Mr. Brackenridge is sanguine that the Republicans interest would prevail there-but I think he is mistaken, and I know that county very well-there are very few people in it that either know or care anything about the State of parties- still fewer that are decidedly with us and have any weight-and scarce any that would not sacrifice at the shrine of popularity-The Presby- terian interest is the prevailing interest in all the Western Countries, and they and the Constitutionals have made almost everywhere common. cause-neither HANNIS nor JACKS TOWN are the proper places...." (It is not known to whom this letter was addressed). By referring to Jacks Town, St. Clair obviously meant what is now Greensburg as William Jack was one of the owners of its original site. Others may have referred to it as Trubytown. Christopher Truby's land, out of which part of Greensburg was formed, lay South and Southeast of the intersection of Main and Pitts- burgh Streets; it's boundary began at a point Southwest of Greensburg on or near the Mt. Pleasant Road probably on the Lowry Place or beyond thence along the Mt. Pleasant Road and crossing it about 800 feet South of Sell's Lane and running to the junction of Hillcrest Drive with Briar- hill Drive and Plymouth Street, thence in a Northerly direction to Highland Avenue about midway between Wood Street and White Street; 1949 thence substantially along the alley between said streets crossing the Southwest branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad to the curve at the top of the hill of South Main Street; thence by the Southern boundary of the German Reformed Cemetery to about Euclid Avenue; thence along Euclid Avenue and approaching it and joining it at the curve South of the Fourth Street; thence along Euclid Avenue at an angle and diverging at its junction at Third Street and continuing at a tangent to about the Southern boundary of Pittsburgh Street; thence Northeast and crossing Pittsburgh Street at an angle to Pennsylvania Avenue at about the jail corner; thence almost due East cutting off a corner of the County Jail yard and jail and merely chipping the alley corner of the Court House and crossing the intersection of Pittsburgh Street with Main Street and chipping off the alley corner of the Woolworth Building, proceeding through the "Wagon" and the rear of the Glunt Building, progressing along the South line of the YMCA to the alley on the rear; thence South- east to the alley North of Locust Street; thence to Ridgeway Avenue west of the alley west of Tremont Avenue; thence Southeast diagonally across Locust Street, Lime Street and Hamil Avenue to the place of beginning. Containing 202 acres, more or less. (Office of the Recorder of Deeds, Westmoreland County, Deed Book Vol. A, Page 125, showing purchase of 30 acres from James Watterson, October 10, 1770, and page 241 showing purchase of 150 acres from Wendell Oury, November 20, 1772; See also Pat. Book. 12, page 329. Also Survey Docket No. 1 p. 75.) William Jack's land, from which part of Greensburg was first formed, lay North and Northeast of the intersection of Pittsburgh and Main Streets and was bounded by a line beginning at a point about 225 feet North of Jack Street where it is joined by Clyde Avenue; thence in a Western direction substantially paralelling Jack Street and crossing the Southwest branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad at the Y and through St. Clair Park; then diagonally crossing the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad at the Maple Avenue bridge to the center of North Main Street at the southwest corner of the City Hall property; thence in.a Southern direction across the railroad and Tunnell Street and behind the Strand Theater and diagonally through the Manos Theater and cutting off a- slight corner of the M'Causland Building to Christopher Truby's land as above described, thence through the jail property, and the Court House, the Woolworth Building, Glunt Building, YMCA, etc., until the point on Ridgeway Avenue and leaving Truby land and continuing to a point on Ridgeway Avenue at the alley between Underwood Avenue and Westmoreland Avenue; thence diagonally across Westmoreland Avenue and the Lincoln Highway to the place of beginning. Containing 250 acres. (Recorder's of Deeds Office, Westmoreland County, Deed -4- 1799 Watters; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Ancata McGee; Treasurer, Mrs. Sallie Dunmore. Outstanding projects: The fountain at the Court House and the fountain in St. Clair Park. GREENSBURG WOMAN'S CLUB,-Organized 1933, to create and encourage an organized center for the work of the women of the com- munity and to stimulate the interest of its members in civic, philanthropic, patriotic and educational work. First officers,-President, Mrs. John P. Chambers; Vice President, Mrs. Chester A. Johnson; Secretary, Mrs. Ruth Downey; Treasurer, Mrs. Dan Dunmire. Present officers,- President, Mrs. J. Emerson Brown; Vice President, Mrs. J. W. Holmes; Second Vice President, Mrs. C. A. Walter; Secretary, Mrs. Katherine Taylor; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. John P. Chambers; Treasurer, Miss Louella Wood. YOUNG VOTERS CLUB OF WESTMORELAND COUNTY.-Or- ganized March 1936. Welfare and charity work. Civic improvements. First officers,-Acting Chairman, Albert Martin. Present officers,- President, Albert E. Martin; Vice President, John Delesandro; Secretary, George Moschetti; Financial Secretary, Andrew Fedele; Treasurer, Nick DelPaine. WOMAN'S ASSOCIATION OF WESTMORELAND HOSPITAL. Organized, 1896. To aid in maintaining the hospital. First officers,- President, Mrs. Thomas Lynch; Vice President, Mrs. James S. Moore- head; Secretary, Mrs. J. S. Beacom. Present officers,-Mrs. William Helman; Vice President, Mrs. Philip McKenna; Secretary, Miss Margaret Coulter; Treasurer, Mrs. John Anne. QUOTA CLUB OF GREENSBURG.-Organized June 17, 1942. Public service. First officers,-President, Dorothy Inboden; Secretary, Elsie Horrell; Treasurer, Mary F. McColly. Present officers,-President, Mrs. Richard Eckenrod; Vice President, Camille Gallatin, Secretary; Edna Hollingsworth; treasurer, Eleanor Scheffel. 1949 MARRIED WOMEN'S SOCIAL AND CHARITABLE CLUB Standing (left to right) Mesdames Mary Johnson, Laura Wright, Elizabeth Lynch, Madeline Hobson, Laurena Hickman and Sallie R. Terry. Seated Mesdames Anna C. Nimmey, Maude B. Brown Gertrude Stokes and Leona B. Palmer. NORTH SIDE CIVIC CLUB,-Organized April, 1942. Present offi- cers,-President, Joseph W. Bryan; Vice President, Edward C. McKee; Secretary, Wm. J. Pfister; Treasurer, David C. Fisher. MARRIED WOMEN'S CLUB The Married Women's Social and Charitable Club of Greensburg was organized November, 1919, to promote intelligent education and to assist charity. The first officers were: Mrs. Leona B. Palmer, President; Mrs. Anna C. Nimmey, Vice President; Mrs. Beatrice Dickson, Secretary and Mts. Katherine Quarles, Treasurer. Living up to the club motto, "Press Forward", this group has done much for the community, assisting churches and contributing to needy families. The organization made pillow cases for the Westmoreland Hospital and in 1945, made a liberal donation toward the building fund of the hospital. In 1921, the husbands formed an associate club Harmony Club which will be long remembered for the they did under the leadership of Dr. Thomas E. Stokes. known as the splendid work At present, the Married Women's Club has 15 members and the officers are: Mrs. Lucille W. Owens, president: Mrs. Martha Deas, Vice President; Mrs. Beatrice Dickson, Secretary; Mrs. Ollie Anderson, Assistant Secretary; Mrs. Sallie R. Terry, Corresponding Secretary; Mrs. Leona B. Palmer, Financial Secretary and Mrs. Laura Wright, Treasurer. -184- 1799 1949 History of Military The military spirit has always been strong in Westmoreland County and we have at all times furnished many gallant soldiers when Old Glory was on the firing line. The county was too sparsely settled and the citizens too busy fighting Indians at the close of the 18th Century to have any organized representation in the Revolutionary War, but from the earliest period there were numerous independent military organizations, such as the Franklin Blues, North Washington Artillery, Phoenix Guards, Washington Cavalry, Loyalhanna Dragoons, Wayne Guards, West- moreland Guards, Gallagher Greys and the like, which met periodically for drill and military instruction and paraded on the fourth of July and other festive occasions. These separate and independent organizations did not seem to have any connection or affiliation, but the state was districted from a geo- graphical standpoint and commanders were appointed for each district and the separate or independent units in each geographical district united occasionally for drill or inspection under the district commander. These independent organizations were known as the State Militia. On May 12, 1812 Simon Snyder, then Governor of Pennsylvania, issued an order directing their organization on a war basis. In this arrangement the militia of Westmoreland County was included in the 13th division, commanded by Major General David Marchand. On the rolls of the company from Greensburg are the names of Captain John B. Alexander; afterwards promoted to Major, and for whom a Greensburg street is named; Christian Drum, Lieutenant; Peter Drum, Ensign; Richard Hardin, first sergeant, John Jameson, Second Sergeant; Peter Fleeger, Third Sergeant; Adam Kettering, Corporal, and so on with such well known Greensburg names as Singer, Williams, Stewart, Keck, Weaver, Shuey, Rugh, and many others in the ranks. This Company volunteered were accepted by the Federal Government July 14, 1812. When the crisis with Mexico came in 1846 the company from Greens- burg under command of Captain John W. Johnston and known as the Westmoreland Guards again responded and were mustered into the Federal service as Company E, second Regiment, Pennsylvania Volun- teers. On the roster of that organization are the names of Lieutenants James Armstrong and James Coulter; Sergeants Henry C. Marchand, Thomas J. Barclay and H. Byers Kuhns; Corporals, James M. Carpenter and Daniel C. Byerly; Musician Michael J. Kettering; and Privates, -185- R. COULTER - MEXICAN WA Hugh Y. Brady, Richard Coulter, Henry Fishel, Jacob Kuhns, Philip Kuhns, William Melville, Samuel C. Moorehead, Nathaniel Thomas, James Underwood, David Mechling, William McIntyre, William R. Shields, Frederick R. Steck, John Taylor, Israel Uncapher and a host of others. The Westmoreland Guards were mustered into Federal Service on January 1, 1847, and was designated as Company E, 2nd Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers. Ninety-four men were in the outfit. It landed at Vera Cruz March 9, 1847, and was mustered out July 14, 1848, with 44 men. This organization served in General Scott's army, and parti- cipated in battles from Vera Cruz to the City of Mexico, including Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Cherubusco, Molino Del Rey and Chapultepec. After the close of the Mexican War this company maintained its organization and identity, and continued to be known as the West- moreland Guards. It was mustered into the service of the Union at the outbreak of the Civil War, as Company I, Eleventh Regiment, Pennsyl- vania Volunteers and served throughout that conflict from 1861 to 1865. This organization was mustered in April 26, 1861, for three months service and saw action in the battle of Falling Waters. After having left Harrisburg, where it recruited for three years service, it took part in the following battles: Cedar Mountain, Rappahannock Station, Thorofare Gap, Second Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericks- burg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsyl- vania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, Northfold Railroad, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, raid to Hickford, Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, Boydtown Plank Road, Gravelly Run, Five Forks and Appomattox. At the close of the Civil War the State was again divided into military districts or divisions. Westmoreland County along with Fayette, Washington and Green comprised the 17th Division under the command of Major General Thomas F. Gallagher of New Alexandria. In this 17th Division was a company of Infantry from Greensburg, under the name of the Westmoreland Guards coommanded by Captain Cyrus Thomas, also a Company from Latrobe under the name of the Loyal- hanna Guards, commanded by Captain George A. Anderson, and a Company known as the St. Clair Guards commanded by Captain Oliver Fulton. 1799 Members of Co., I, 10th Regiment, Penna. National Guard About 1889 - (taken on inspection day) Left to right, back row: Thomas Donahoe, Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant: Howard Cook (of New Alex- andria), Pvt.; Harry Alwine, Pvt.; Reamer Potts. Pvt. Winm. C. L. Bayne, Sergeant: Front row; John Boomer. 1st Sergeant Co. I: Ben Kettering, Drummer. Henry Welty, Sergeant, and Augustus C. Remaley, Sergeant. In 1873 the St. Clair Guards and the Loyalhanna Guards were mustered out of the 17th Division and the remaining Companies were organized into a Regiment to be known as the Tenth Regiment Infantry. And thus was the birth of the Old Tenth Regiment of Phillippine fame. This Regiment was composed of nine Companies under the Command of Colonel .John A. Black of Greensburg, the Westmoreland Guards going in as Company C, under the command of First Lieutenant Jacob M. Thomas, Cyrus Thomas having been moved to Quarter Master, and the Gallagher Grays becoming Company I at Latrobe under the command of Captain William J. Woods. About this time, Somerset County was added to the group and the district was designated as the Eighth Division. This can not be termed a division of troops or an army, but rather a geographical division as this Eighth Division was composed only of the Tenth Regiment Infantry and the Hugus Rifles of New Salem. For some reason the military company at Greensburg known as Company C was disbanded in 1875, and the company headquarters moved to Connellsville. Greensburg was, therefore, for a short time without any military organization. But by 1878 due to continuing efforts by patriotic citizens, the Gallagher Greys were disbanded and Company I moved back here and Greensburg was again on the military map. Unfortunately in this moving around disbanding and reorganizing the names of Westmoreland Guards and Gallagher Greys were dropped and the name of Arthur St. Clair Guards was adopted. Had the name of Westmoreland Guards been retained the Company might have been officially recognized as existing from the time of the Mexican War and the men of the present command entitled to wear in addition to the red keystone on the left shoulder the insignia or device signifying the com- pany's participation in the Mexican and Civil Wars. 1949 The Muster roll of the original Company when it was reorganized in Greensburg in 1878 as nearly as can be ascertained was as follows: Captain James M. Laird, First Lieutenant Solomon Marks, Second Lieutenant Jacob F. Dick, First Sergeant James Gauss, Sergeants John W. Johns, Jacob D. Kettering, David Coldsmith and William H. Wertz. Corporals George H. Truxal, Alfred T. King, Joseph H. Lohr, William E. Rohrer, Lewis S. McClelland, William R. Turney, William Long and William W. Harman. Musicians, Henry Greenawalt and Thomas L. Jones. Privates Kurg, Brownewell, James Butler, Scott W. Brown, Robert A. Brown, Richard W. Cribbs, James K. Clark, Charles Cline, Jacob Detar, James G. Francis, William Gilson, George Garwin, Henry Hawk, Samuel S. Holmes, Albert Immel, Abe O. Jones, John K. Johnston, John K. Kline, George W. Kline, James Keenan, John Knobloch, James A. Kier, William A. Lewis, John G. McGrue, John Myers, Harvey S. Overly, George Owens, Homer C. Robinson, Daniel J. Reamer, James B. Reed, William G. Stark, Harry J. Shupe, Frank M. Sarver, Mack D. Shearer, Lucian E. Turney, George S. Winsheimer, Richard M. Wal- thour, John Walthour, William Williams and Jacob Williams. During the Company's early existence they were severely handi- capped incurring the animosity of labor and labor unions and failing to receive the facilities and support from the Government both state and National that they now have. Before the Spanish War the quarters being cramped the Company was compelled to drill on the streets or in a field in order to find room in which to execute the movements and maneuvers. On a number of occasions they drilled on Academy Hill, where the High School is now located. The uniforms were shipped on job lots and had to be altered or adjusted before they could be worn. Even then they could not be called a fit. Rations were scanty and Company I maintained a company fund with which they augmented the provisions supplied by the State and provided their own kitchen and dining tent. This fund was replenished by each officer and man contributing one day's pay at every camp and by holding dances, picnics, carnivals and the like throughout the year. Company I did strike duty on three occasions-at Morewood in the 80's, at Homestead in 1892, and at Shamokin at the hard coal region in 1902 or 3. Shortly after President McKinley's call for volunteer troops, following the declaration of war by the United States against Spain, Co. "I" 10th Infantry from Greensburg, with other units of the 10th Regi- ment arrived at Mt. Gretna on the morning of April 28, 1898. The companies of the Regiment were at once recruited from their peace streng- th, and on May 12th, the regiment in its entirety was mustered into -186- 1799 GREENSBURGER'S AT MT. GRETNA IN 1898 BEFORE "THE PHILIPPINES" First row, left to right; William Dom, John Hawk, Charles Jamison Richard D. Laird. Second row; Frank Keffer, Jack Irwin, Alex Eicher, Henry Coulter, Kay Portzer. Standing: Cyrus Cope, Sr., Henry Probst, Jacob Stimmel, George Hutchinson, Ward Eicher, Charles Earnest and Sidney Potts. Federal service as United States Volunteers. On the 18th of May, Co. "I" 10th Infantry was on its trip across the continent to the Pacific coast. On June 14th, the Company was aboard boat and the next day passed the Golden Gate on its long voyage to the Phillippines to arrive at Manila on the morning of July 17th, just about 12,000 miles from home. CO. I MUSTER ROLL As sworn into the United States Service, May, 1898 Officers:-W. S. Finney, R. D. Laird, Richard Coulter. Sergeants:-A. C. Remaley, Ludwick H. F., H. Finney, Harry Probst, C. W. Earnest. Corporals:-C. W. Eicher, Jno. J. McKnight, Jacob Stimmel, J. H. Kelly, W. T. Dom, N. G. Rask. Musicians:-H. T. Boucher, John Campbell. Privates:-T. B. Anderson, Geo. Anderson, Jake Armbrust, Tom Barclay, Morrison Barclay, W. H. Banks, W. H. Bailey, J. R. Bailey, E. T. Bear, John Brady, H. F. Brewer, Geo. K. Braden, J. K. Churns, Chas. Copeland, John E. Cribbs, Henry Coulter, E. E. Donaldson, Jake Detar, Alex Eicher, Louis Ely, John D. Fenton, C. B. Hollingsworth, G. W. Hutchinson, James Hudson, F. B. Hargrave, S. T. Hays, Jerry Harrington, R. D. Harr, Alvin O. Hunt, C. C. Highberger, John P. Irwin, W. G. Irwin, C. M. Jamison, J. B. Johnston, Frank Keffer, Frank Kiehl, E. M. Kuntz, I. L. Litton, C. F. Loucks, H. A. Mensch, J. C. Mahaney, T. S. McKelvy, T. B. Madigan, T. H. McCoy, A. M. Powell, Chas. Paden, R. K. Portzer, I. P. Ruff, P. F. Rose, A. J. Stauffer, K. W. 1949 Saam, H. R. Sarver, D. W. Stahl, W. E. Scott, J. W. Sullivan, F. C. Turney, Joe Thomas, G. A. Ulerich, John T. Wertz, Harry Welty, G. W. Williams. Recruits sworn in at Washington, Pa.:-Piers'n Ackerman Chas. E. Brindle, Roy H. Bair, Jos. R. Brewer, Frank M. Barber, J. W. Cum- mings, Daniel A. Dolley, Ottis N. Eisaman, Geo. C. Fleckner, A. S. Furtwangler, Charles Gay, James R. George, Miles Graham, H. E. Househ'ld'r, A. C. Johnston, Laurence Kienzle, John S. Kiehl, Harry M. Kells, Bert H. Leonard, Geo. H. Martin, James Mullen, Harry MaAfoos, Richard H. Miller, Jos. C. Mickey, D. C. McKeevers, Alfred F. Rough, David A. Rask, Wm. H. Stauffer, Dan'l. W. Stevens, Thos. W. Shields, Geary E. Truxell, Jos. H. Theurer, H. E. Weisbecker, B. A. Wirtner, Chas. Zimmerman. On July 31, 1898, Co. "I", a part of this little known, untried and newly recruited regiment received its baptism of fire and to their ever- lasting glory, these soldiers stood their ground and repulsed a terrific attack launched by a superior force of experienced veterans. After this this victory at Malate, the Regiment was acclaimed by its proud and well known title "The Fighting Tenth". It fought from Malate to Malolas, helped subdue the insurgent natives and was returned to the United States where the Regiment was mustered out of Federal Service in San Francisco on the 22nd of August, 1899, after 16 months of Federal Service. Three members of the Company were killed in action in the GREENSBURG WATCHES CO. I. GO TO THE PHILIPPINES -187- CO. I. AT SAN FRANCISCO ENROUTE TO PHILIPPINES Philippines, viz: Privates John Brady, Bert Armbrust and Daniel W. Stevens. Many of the veterans never forgot their military training and patriotic spirit. Veterans of the Spanish-American War were back in service on the Mexican Border and World Wars I and II. -R.D.L. The Fighting Tenth promptly reorganized their military units and Co. "I" remained as the one and only Greensburg unit. Over the period of years from 1899 to 1916, the personnel changed. The ox carts and mule teams of the Philippine days were replaced by the new motor vehicles. Weapons were modernized and the troops received better instruction in offensive and defensive tactics under instructors furnished by the War Department. During these years of peace, the Greensburg unit attended its weekly drills, summer camps and maintained friendly competition in the capture of peace-time honors. In July 2, 1916, Co. "I" 10th Infantry was again mustered into Federal Service and sent to the Mexican Border with other units of the Regiment and Division. The 10th Regiment was based at El Paso, Texas, but Company "I" was assigned to detached service. The border service was brief and Co. "I" was mustered out of Federal Service on October 27, 1916, and returned to State Service the next day. This service, while short, was good training mainly because the greater part of the personnel of the Greensburg unit were present and became the actors in the next big event, World War I. July 15, 1917, Co. "I" was again mustered into Federal Service and on August 5th, became a part of the 28th Division. This Division was reorganized November 15th to conform to the new tables of organi- zation for War Strength Divisions. Our old 10th of Philippine fame and the 3rd Regiment from Philadelphia merged to form the 110th Regiment. Old Co. "I" now became a War Strength Infantry Company of 250 officers and men. The training period was intense. New weapons, new vehicles and new tactics were made necessary because of the intense fire power of light and heavy guns. New air power and ground defenses evolved in the European war were some of the many necessary subjects to master. It is here necessary to point out that the history of Co. "I", now a big infantry Company, was only a very small part of really large regiment and an enormous sized division. The Division now became an organization capable of fighting with its own fire power and the Division had its own service and supply units. -188-- On April 21, 1918, the movement began to the port of embarkation at New York and the 28th Division arrived at Calais, France, where the Division trained with the British. It was sent South to a point near Paris where the Greensburg boys got their first quick glance at the Eiffel Tower while on their way to the rear defense areas of the Marne River. On July 27th, Co. "I" was on the Ourcq River, August 6th on the Vesle where activity continued until relieved on September 8th. The Company moved with the Regiment via Jaulgonne, Epernay, Chalons and Revigny to the Argonne where it was relieved on October 9th; and then to a section near Thiaucort where it remained until November 11th. Those members of the Company who did not fall by the wayside, nicked by enemy fire or ended up in the hospital, and who finished the entire tour of duty are now entitled to wear battle stars for the Champagne-Marne, Aisne- Marne, Ypres-Lys, Champagne, Oise-Aisne, Meuse-Argonne and Lor- raine. During the War, another Company was organized in Greensburg. This organization became Co. "H" and was a member of the Pennsyl- vania State Reserve. This Company held drills, had training periods in the field, trained men for military duty and was held in reserve for whatever call might issue from the State in cases of disaster. On the 19th day of October, 1919, Co. "I" 10th Infantry was reorganized. They again took over the State Armory and the Pennsylvania State Reserve was mustered out of service. On April 1, 1921, the 10th Infantry was redesignated as the 110th Infantry and has retained that identity up to the present day. Greensburg organized another new military unit following World War I. This unit became Headquarters Detachment 3rd Battalion of the 110th. The post-war period, like other periods, following a reorgan- ization became one of those periods where enlistments were the big must. Slowly but surely, training methods changed. The old close order drill almost became a thing of the past. Weapons were again changed and the old 30 caliber rifle now became a modern semi-automatic weapon. Automatic pistols, automatic rifles and light machine guns and mortars were added to the weapons of our Greensburg companies. Field training periods likewise changed and the units were now trained as a cog of the battalion, regiment and division and the infantry training was held in conjunction with all the other armed services and supply units. Only one assignment other than the training periods at Indiantown Gap occurred 1799 1949 TIT ENTRANCE TO PENNSYLVANIA STATE ARMORY HOME OF CO. I. 1799 during the period after World War I and that was a call by the Governor of Pennsylvania to take part in protection and aid to the City of Johns- town in March, 1936, when the City suffered its second great flood disaster. February 17, 1941, Company "I" and Headquarters 3rd Battalion were again activated for Federal Service. Authority for the activation was Presidential Order 8633 and again the 110th was in Federal Service, but this time no war had been declared. Greensburg's two units, with the Regiment and Division assembled at the new training area at Indian-, town Gap. The training periods immediately following were no summer outings. The cold wind and sun glare on white snow soon had the men's 1949 faces turned to a dark tan. During this period, the units were built up to war strength by groups of selectees. The necessity for Corps and Army training first took the 28th Division to the A. P. Hill Reservation in Virginia. The second move was by motor to Carolina for 1st Army maneuvers; while at Halifax, Virginia, on the return to the Gap, the news of Pearl Harbor was announced. War had really begun. January 7, 1942, the Division moved to Camp Livingston, Louisiana on a permanent change of station and the move by motor trucks was completed January 20th in spite of gruelling weather conditions under which men suffered severely. A great change in the Company personnel which had already begun was now rapidly carried out to completion. GREENSBURG CADETS 1898 Bottom row: left to right: Christy Shontz, Paul L. Thomas, Thomas F. Taylor, Kenneth Bair, Richard Kilgore, Paul E. Brown, John Robb Clark, Robert Beacom, Edmund S. Doty, Lloyd "Pat" Robinson, Paul S. Bair, William Bollinger. Second row: David Kilgore, Ferdinand Pechau, Milo Crosby, Hazlett Griffith, Charles Walthour, Chas. H. Wentzell, A. D. Welty, Jr., Jim Sloan, Fred M. Seanor, "Beezer" Beard, , George Huff, Joseph Fisher. Third row: John A. Kilgore, , Pollard Latta, Harry E. Seanor, Phil Klingensmith, Weber Arter, Paul Dick, Tom Crawford, Fred Perry, Ralph Blank. Fourth row: Frank W. Royer, Maurice W. Bush, Hampton Welty, William Wentzel, J. Clarke Bell, John Harkins, Harry A. Bahmond, Homer L. Keener, Clyde Sykes, Robert B. Herbert, Bill Marks, Lawrence Janeway, Huff Winsheimer, Roy Cope. -189- 1799 PAST COMMANDERS-ROBERT KOTOUCH POST NO. 318 AMERICAN LEGION eated left to right-John McCormick, James Gregg, Joseph Shields, :enry S. Coshey, Richard Keck. tanding left to right-Thomas Conners, J. Ross Foust, James Deal, [arry Allsworth, W. J. Potts, Robert Carson, Paul Robinson. Officers over age for grade were transferred to the Air Corps or to non- combat units. Enlisted men were sent to schools, cadres of officers and men from this now well-trained organizations were assigned to new companies, battalions and regiments throughout the United States. Further training with amphibious forces and training in beach landings were conducted in Florida and Virginia before the Division moved to its embarkation area. The morning of October 8th, 1943, found the men on board taking their last look at the United States. The change of personnel from one unit to another as stated above, to build up new organizations and furnish trained officers and key non- commissioned officers to other organizations was not the principal reason to deplete home town outfits of the men who left their town in their own organizations. Losses in World War I and the disasters of Pearl Harbor and again in the Philippines at the start of this War were so great in certain communities that the units were almost entirely wiped out. This was not to happen again. When the 110th Infantry sailed out of Boston Harbor and when the last look was taken of .the United States, very few men who left Greensburg in Co. "I" or in Head- quarters Company, 3rd Battalion were left in their original outfit. The history of these Greensburg units in World War II is not the only history of the 110th Regiment Combat Team but many other Regiments and Divisions of World War II as well. Events of World War I period were enacted in World War II. When the Greensburg units entered Federal Service in this last war, a new State Company was activated, Co. "I" a unit of the Pennsylvania Reserve Militia. This group again served the State, trained men in basic subjects and were ready at all times for an alert. Many soldiers from this group enlisted in combat and other federal units. When the war ended, again the National Guard was reorganized and again the same two companies are the active units in Greensburg, now large companies, federally recognized, well recruited and officer manned. They offer to the city and county opportunities for the young man. Also in Greensburg are the Reserve components of the Reserve Corps who now have their own Armory and quarters in East Otterman 1949 GROUP OF PRESIDENTS LEGION AUXILIARY Seated,. left to right; Galia Null, Mrs. Henry Zimmerman, Frances Elpern. Standing, left to right: Mrs. Walter E. Herr, Mrs. Oscar Nelson, Mrs. Maurice Davidson, Mrs. Nick Roy and Mrs. Hester Playfair. Street in Greensburg., These units are filling the void which always existed in the United States for training officers and men when danger unexpectedly strikes and an enemy appears at the borders. -R.L.P. AMERICAN LEGION POST NO. 318 The Robert G. Kotouch Post No. 318, The American Legion, of Greensburg, Pennsylvania, was organized September 16, 1919. At the organization meeting, held in the Armory Hall, some two hundred and fifty members attended. The meetings of the Post were first held in the Court House, but in 1922 headquarters were established in the Brian Building, now the building in which the Royer's store is located. In the early part of 1923 a campaign for funds to purchase a Post Home was conducted. The citizens of Greensburg responded so well that the present Home of the Post was purchased from the Leonard Keck estate. After being extensively remodeled, it was appropriately dedicated at a ceremony on Armistice Day, 1924. At the time the Post Home was being remodeled, Mrs. Henrietta B. Huff erected and furnished the Memorial Hall in memory of her son, Burrell Richardson Huff, of the First World War. A memorial mantel was included in this room. Meetings pf the Post as well as other activities are held in the Memorial Hall. It was dedicated at a fitting ceremony on Armistice Day, 1924, along with the Post Home. The Post has engaged in a great number of activities, one of the most important being the awarding of medals in the eighth grade of the Grammer and Parochial Schools in Greensburg and surrounding districts each year. This activity has been carried on since 1922 without inter- ruption. These medals are awarded to the outstanding boy in the eighth grade of these schools. In 1929 a drum and bugle corps was organized by the Post. Later it became known as the Green Trojan Drum and Bugle Corps and com- peted successfully with the best corps in the eastern part of the United States. One of its notable appearances was at the National Convention -190- 1799 of th, American Legion held in Detroit, Michigan, in 1932, when it finished third in national competition. The Post has for a number of years, sponsored American Legion Junior Baseball. This has been one of the oustanding activities of the Post and has helped many of these young players to gain recognition on the baseball diamond. In 1924 the Post entertained the Department Converition of the Legion in Greensburg. Some twenty four hundred delegates and alter- nates attended this meeting. The convention was concluded with a mamn-oth coavention parade in which fifteen thousand Legionnaires participated. Many veterans of World War II have enrolled in the Post . These former service men have joined whole-heartedly in the various activities of the Post and have helped immeasurably in keeping the interest in the organization active and alive. At the present time, the membership consists of over fifteen hundred former service men. The American Legion Auxiliary Unit of the Robert G. Kotouch Post No. 318, The American Legion, was organized in 1922. The organi- zation meeting was held in the headquarters of the Greensburg Post, located in the Brian Building, and was attended by some seventy-five mothers, wives and sisters of members of the Greensburg Post of the American Legion. Since that time, the local unit has continued to function by carrying out its program of rehabilitation of Legionnaires and its child welfare work. This program has been financed locally through the annual Poppy Day sales by members of the unit. Miss Galia Null of Greensburg was the first president of the local Unit and the following served in that capacity since that time in the order named: Miss Frances Elpern, Mrs. Elizabeth Fluke Powers, Mrs. Robert J. Hunter, Miss Margaret Bell, Miss Ruth Sloan, Mrs. Howard Bortz, Mrs. Nancy Fisher Mercer, Mrs. Elmer Leech, Mrs. John Black, Mrs. Hester Playfair, Mrs. Oscar Nelson, Mrs. Orvil Higgins, Mrs. Nicholas Roy, Mrs. Elizabeth Davidson, Mrs. Blanche Wilt, Mrs. Gilbert Vierling, Mrs. Walter E. Herr, Mrs. Henry Zimmerman. The Unit now has a membership of 369 and meets monthly at the American Legion Home in Greensburg.-J.M. 1949 GENERAL GREEN LODGE NO. 56, Fraternal Order of Police. Constituted October 22, 1929. Purpose: This Order was formed for bettering existing conditions of policemen; for advancing social, charitable and educational undertakings among policemen; to provide for and maintain a fund from dues and assessments for relief, support and burial of members. Charter Members,-Geo. Westover, Amos Hutchison, Fred Bomer, Clyde Murtland, Bernard Hanson, Michael Papson, Simon Riffle, William Wolinsky, James Bowman, Frank Rosette, Jeff Downing, Robt. Brinker, John Carroll, Frank Turner, John Clark and James McGrane. Present Officers,-Bernard Hanson, President; Howard Gongaware, Vice President; Peter A. Pignetti, Secretary; William Wolinsky, Treas- urer; Nick Plundo, Guard; Frank Rosette, Conductor; Trustees: Fred Kneedler, Walter Fait, Earl Johnson. AUXILIARY VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS, POST NO. 33,- Motto,-Aid to veterans; First officers-President, Mrs. Katherine Boarts; Secretary, Mary Remaley; Treasurer, Margaret Bell. Present officers,-President, Mrs. Evelyn Lopes; Secretary, Mrs. Jessie Wieland; Treasurer, Mrs. Ethel Clifton; Chaplain, Mrs. Grace Crosby. Charter members living, Mrs. George Ferguson and Mrs. Mary Smith. PYTHIAN SISTERS,-Greenhill Temple No. 164. Organized, June 13, 1947. First officers,-M.E.C., Irene Altman; Secretary, Florence Stairs; Treasurer, Myrtle Waugaman. Present officers,-M.E.C., Leah Steiner; Secretary, Florence Stairs; Treasurer, Myrtle Waugaman. THE GREEN TROJAN DRUM & BUGLE CORPS THE ROBERT A. KOTOUCH POST NO. 318 GREENSBURG, PA. -191- 1799 AMERICAN LEGION AUXILIARY,-Organized in May 1922. A charter was granted March 20, 1924. First Officers,-President, Galia M. Null; Vice-president, Miss Frances Elpern; Secretary, Miss Mary Gaither, (Miss Gaither resigned and Miss Nancy Fisher was elected); Treasurer, Miss Kathryn Walthour. After her resignation, Miss Eliza- beth Lute was elected. Present Officers,-President, Mrs. Evelyn Lopes; First Vice-president, Mrs. Walter E. Herr; Second Vice-president, Mrs. William Suttle; Recording Secretary, Mrs. John Garcia; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. I. F. Barney; Treasurer, Mrs. Oscar Nelson; Chaplain, Mrs. Rose Powers; Historian, Mrs. Cecelia Anderson; Sergeant-at-Arms, Mrs. Robert Kunkle. PHOEBE BAYARD CHAPTER DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERI- CAN REVOLUTION,-Organized January 25, 1896. To perpetuate the memory and spirit of the men and women who achieved American Independence. First Officers: Mrs. John F. Wentling, Regent; Mrs. George F. Huff, Vice Regent; Mrs. Jeffrey Taylor, Registrar; Mrs. Will- ian A. Huff, Treasurer; Mrs. Elmer Lyon, Secretary; Mrs. Amos Steck, Historian. Present Officers,-Mrs. Clark H. McColly, Regent; First Vice Regent, Mrs. Frank I. Bossart; Second Vice Regent, Mrs. Samuel S. Sheffler; Chaplain, Mrs. Frank P. Walthour; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Jack Bates; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Joseph A. Sass; Treas- urer, Mrs. C. L. Goodwin; Registrar, Mrs. Harry Summers; Historian, Miss Ida Anderson; Librarian, Mrs. C. Gill Watt. PRIVATE JOHN BRADY, JR. NO. 62 AUXILIARY UNITED SPANISH WAR VETERANS,-Organized, November 11, 1926. To help comrades, organizations and Country. First Officers,-President, Sallie Q. Dunmire; Treasurer, Gertrude Joseph; Secretary, Ivy Horning. Present Officers,-President, Ina Mough; Treasurer, Pearl Mertz; Secretary, Sallie Q. Dunmire. AMERICAN LEGION, ROBERT G. KOTOUCH POST 318,-. Organized September 1919. First Officers,-Dr. John J. Singer, Com- mander; Dr. Lewis J. C. Bailey, Vice Commander; John McCormick, Adjutant; Finance Officer, Dean C. Griffith. Present Officers,-Joseph M. Shields, Commander; Wm. J. Jennings, Adjutant; Harry B. Alls- worth, Finance Officer. NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN, GREENSBURG SECTION,--Constituted 1919. Object: National and community welfare and education. First Officers,-(1919) Mrs. Joseph Ziskind, President; Mrs. Max Finkelstein, First Vice President; Mrs. Charles Pross, Second Vice President. Present Officers,-(1948-49) Mrs. Jack Goldberg, President; Miss Molly Wise, First Vice President; Mrs. Robert Kane, Second Vice President. 1949 BEN KETTERING AND HIS SPIRIT OF '76 ORDER OF INDEPENDENT AMERICANS,-Constituted April 10, 1905. First Officers,-A. M. Bell, Councilor; Frank McKlveen, Vice Councilor; L. A. Fait, W. O. Murtland. Present Officers,-A. M. Bell, Councilor; John T. Hayden, Vice Councilor; Leslie A. Fait, Fire Secretary; W. O. Murtland, Trustee. PENNSYLVANIA GAMMA NU GREENSBURG,-Constituted 1941. First Officers,-President, Helen Larabee; Vice President, Betty Page; Secretary, Faye Perkins; Treasurer, Josephine Crovatta. Present Offi- cers,-President, Betty Keefner; Vice President, Virginia M. Kinsly; Secretary-Treasurer, Eleanor Baker. DAUGHTERS OF UNION VETERANS, EMILY E. WOODLEY TENT No. 24,-Organized June, 1923. First Officers,-President, Lucille Patterson; Senior Vice-president, Mary Orr; Treasurer, Ida Long. Present Officers,-President, Lottie Bower; Secretary, Gertrude Watters; Treasurer, Viola Crawford. PATRIOTIC ORDER OF AMERICANS,-Organized October 18, 1907. Object: Benefit of members. First Officers,-Frank Page, Secre- tary. Present Officers,-President, Stella Ruffner; Secretary, Lula Errett; Financial Secretary, Gertrude Errett, Treasurer, Celia Byerly. THE GENERAL RICHARD COULTER CIRCLE NO. 197, LADIES OF THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC,-Organized May 25, 1921, to promote and help in the upkeep of the Old Ladies GAR Home, Hawkins Station, and also in the work of the Department in Pennsyl- vania. First Officers,-President, Mrs. Alice Cribbs Kemp; Secretary, Carrie Loughrey; Treasurer, Mary Whitsell. Present Officers,-Presi- dent, Elizabeth Baldridge; Secretary, Mary McNulty; Treasurer, Ethel Clifton. MARILAO POST NO. 33, VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS OF UNITED STATES,-Organized August 21, 1914. First Officers,- Commander, A. C. Remaley; Adjutant, H. F. Brewer; Paymaster, A. C. Johnson. Present Officers,-Commander, Arthur R. Jeffrey; Sr. Vice-Commander, R. J. Moschetti; Jr. Vice-Commander, Vincenzo Caruso; Adjutant, Ray Gable; Quartermaster, Frank Turner. MILITARY ORDER OF THE PURPLE HEART,-Organized Jan- uary 7, 1948. Officers,-Commander, Frank Cantella; Senior Vice Commander, George Semenko; Jr. Vice Commander, Dominick Di Rado; Adjutant, Gus Mauro; Finance Officer, Calvin J. Gardner; Historian, Miller Abraham; Chaplain, Dominic Antonucci; Sergeant-at-Arms, Arthur J. Rulli; Americanization Officer, William Whigham; Judge -192- 1799 Advocate, Sandy DeMarino; Executive Committeeman, James Hann; Alternate, A. A. Farage. CAPTAIN GEORGE A. CRIBBS CIRCLE NO. 50, LADIES OF THE G. A. R.,-Constituted 1889. First Officers,-(1889); Mrs. H. C. Beary. Present Officers,-Elizabeth Kallop. GEN. ARTHUR ST. CLAIR CHAPTER, Sons of the American Revolution, Organized March 21, 1947. President, William T. Dom III, Esq., Sec. & Treas. Calvin E. Pollins, Esq.; Chancellor, Harry E. Cope, Esq.; Chaplain, Rev. J. Paul Harman; Historian, William J. Laughner, Registrar, Frank E. Maddocks; Present Officers; President, Harry R. Hummer; Sec. & Treas., Calvin E. Pollins, Esq.; Chancellor, Harry E. Cope, Esq.; Chaplain, Rev.' James C. Stormont; Historian, William J. Laughner; Registrar, Frank E. Maddocks. THE LADIES AUXILIARY UNIT 271, MILITARY ORDER OF THE PURPLE HEART,-Organized September 26, 1948. Object: Patriotic, fraternal, historical, and educational, to preserve and strengthen friend- ship among its members, to assist any one that needs help including the Purple Heart men, to perpetuate the memory of Purple Heart dead, maintain true allegiance to the government of the United States and fidelity to its constitution and laws, and to assist the Chapter of the Military Order of the Purple Heart in emphasizing those principles of historical significance, Americanism and loyalty to their country that are the cherished inheritance of every American citizen. Officers,- President, Mrs. Iva Miller; Senior Vice-president, Mrs. Mona Proctor; Junior Vice-president, Mrs. Etta Brinker; Secretary, Miss Elizabeth Bodner; Treasurer, Mrs. Mildred Suttle; Chaplain, Mrs. Thelma Spen- cer; Parliamentarian, Mrs. Antoinetta Pallitta; Historian, Mrs. Rita Lowstetter; Sergeant-at-Arms, Mrs. Emily Cantella; Patriotic Instruct- ress, Mrs. Vi ginia Pedicone; Marshal, Mrs. Annette Elpern; First Year Trustee, M . Francis Robistek; Second Year Trustee, Mrs. Jennie Stough; Thi d Year Trustee, Mrs. Evelyn Watts; Executive Committee Woman, Mis. Ida Franey; Musician, Mrs. Nellie Herr. AMERIC _N VETERANS OF WORLD WAR II. AMVETS POST NO. 88,- rganized March 20, 1946, to uphold and to defend the Con- stitution the United States, to safeguard the principles of freedom, liberty, a d justice for all, to promote the cause of peace and good will among n tions, to maintain inviol61ate the freedom of our country, to preserve ,the fundamentals of democracy, to perpetuate the friendship and associations of the Second World War, to dedicate ourselves to the cause of mutual assistance-this by the Grace of God. First Officers,- Eugene Ruffner, Commander; Carl Nichols, First Vice Commander; Jack Mitchell, Second Vice Commander, Steve Fancalsky, Finance 1949 Old Spanish field piece (bore 3") captured by Maj. John B. Alexander's battalion near Ft. Meigs in the war of 1812 and by him brought to Greensburg. This cannon was evidently taken from the Spanish in the campaign of 17-. by the British. the same campaign in which George Washington's older brother served. After its capture by Alexander's battalion, on the occasion of Lafayette's visit to Uniontown. it was taken to the Uniontown-Pittsburgh Road (near Rehobeth Church and fired a salute to the Marquis to the great consternation of the worship- ers. Officer; Josephine Castracane, Adjutant. Present Officers,-H. M. Blackwell, Commander; Albert Ruffner, First Vice Commander; Robert Yonkey, Second Vice Commander; Jack Lavrinc, Third Vice Commander; Eugene Ruffner, Finance Officer; Charles Garrity, Adjutant; Dick Albright, Service Officer; Kathleen Benker, Historian. WESTMORELAND COUNCIL REPUBLICAN WOMEN The Westmoreland County Council of Republican Women was organized at a meeting held in the I.O.O.F. Hall in Greensburg on July 23, 1923. The Greensburg community councils along with others were organized and officers elected. The objects of the councils are-To provide a center for political education; increase registration of women voters and secure equal representation of women on state and county committees. First officers were,-President, Mrs. Harry Greek; Vice-president, Miss Elizabeth Peterson; Secretary, Alice McQuaide and Treasurer, Mrs. C. Beers. Charter members were,-Mrs. Dan E. Dunmire, Mrs. E. Glaus, Mrs. Carolyn Jamison Lynch, Mrs. Denna C. Ogden, Mrs. Charles E. Whitten arnt Miss Sara Watt. In 1941, an auxiliary council was formed to stimulate the interest of young women. Mrs. George Rugh was elected to serve as chairman. About a year later, they asked to become a separate unit. The request was granted. The original council is referred to as the "Mother Council". The colors are royal blue and gold. Present officers are,-Honorary President, Mrs. Denna C. Ogden; President, Mrs. Esther L. Frye; Treasurer, Mrs. Jessie Wieland; Corresponding secretary, Mrs. Etta Brinker; Secretary, Mrs. Ruth Woodruff. The vice-presidents are: Mrs. D. J. Snyder, and Mrs. John Chambers, respectively. WESTMORELAND COUNTY DEMOCRATIC WOMEN'S CLUB. GREENSBURG BRANCH,-Organized August 1940. To promote interests of Democratic Party in Westmoreland County. First Officers,- President, Mrs. Edward P. Doran; Vice-president, Mrs. Harry H. Clifton; Treasurer, Mrs. James P. Brannigan; Financial Secretary, Mrs. E. Paul Jones; Secretary, Mrs. J. Hilary Keenan, Recording Secretary, -193- ~I 'DO herey C I TIF Y, t atv'ta,ily taken and tubfribd the 6470 1rmati 4f Allegiance a Fideliry, as direde by an a J - (.f Qeneral Afcimbly of Pcnnfylvania, PAN thc a hts jf June, A. D.t7 Wi&ne d and. fell, uc C Iy f ' A SAA Book Vol. A, Page 160, showing purchase from Peter Castner, Decem- ber 28, 1778.) We print herewith a facsimile of a patent to Col. Robert McKee for land which may have lain athwart a part of the Jack patent. THE SUPREME EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA To all to whom these presents shall Knowledge that in consideration of the sum of Twenty-one pounds fourteen shillings and six pence lawful money paid by Robert McKee into the Receiver General's Office of this Commonwealth there is granted by the said Commonwealth unto the said Robert McKee a certain tract of land called "Omaghe" situate on a branch of Sewickley. in Hempfield Township. Westmoreland County beginning at a White Oak; thence by land to the heirs of Adam Turner. North 81* East 151 perches to a post; thence by John Campbell's land South 30d West 241/ perches to a White Oak South 22* East 60/2 perches to a White Thorn; thence by land of John Brown South 43' West 3 perches to a Sugar Tree and South 17* East 19 perches to a White Oak; thence by land of Nathaniel Nelson North 87' West 134 perches to a White Oak; thence by vacant land North 2* West 54 perches to a Swamp Oak North 85* West 281/2 perches to a White Oak and North 8* East 131 perches to the place of beqinning containing 168 Acres and allowance of Six per cent for roads. etc with the appurtenances. (which said Tract was surveyed in pursuance of an application No. 3616 entered the 7 July 1769 by Robert McKee for whom a Warrant of Acceptance issued the 21 September last. To have and to hold the said Tract or parcel of land with the appurtenances unto the said Robert McKee and his heirs to the use of him the said Robert McKee his heirs and assigns forever free and clear of all restrictions and reservations as to monies, royalties, quit-rents or otherwise excepting and reserving only the fifth part of all gold and silver ore for the use of this Commonwealth to be dlivered at the Pits mouth clear of all charges. In Witness Whereof the Honorable Charles Biddle, Esquire, President of the Supreme Executive Council hath hereto set his hand and caused the State seal to be hereto affixed in Council the first day of October in the year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty-seven and of the Commonwealth the Twelfth. ATTEST James Trimble for John Armstrong, Jun Sec'ry Most of present Greensburg which lies West of Pennsylvania Avenue and North of Pittsburgh Street was owned by Ludwig Otterman and what is generally Southwest Greensburg belonged to Peter Miller. By Act of General Assembly of Pennsylvania approved February 26, 1773, Westmoreland County was erected from Bedford County, which provided further that elections and Courts should be held at the house of Robert Hanna "until a Court House shall be built for said County." (Laws of Comm. of Penna. Vol. 1, p. 407 Phila. 1810). Robert Hannah was among the five persons named and empowered in said Act to purchase land as trustees in some convenient place and to erect there- upon a Court House and prison. There was no time limit for this to be done. Of course, Robert Hanna, having by the same Act acquired author- ity to have the elections and Courts held at his house in Hannastown on the Forbes Road was in no hurry to have his commission select another place or build another Court House. General Arthur St. Clair in a letter to Joseph Shippen, President of the Supreme Council of Pennsylvania, dated Ligonier, January 15, 1774, expressed his fear of this and inci- dentally his tribute to Hannas' honesty implicit in entrusting the letter to one whose plans he sought to thawrt in the following words: "Sir,-This will be delivered by Mr. Hanna, one of the trustees of Westmoreland County. To some manouvres of his, I believe, the oppo- sition to fixing the County Town at Pittsburgh is chieflly owing, as it is his interest that it should continue where the law has fixed the courts pro tempore; he lives there, used to keep a public house there, and has now on that Expectation rented his house at an extravagant price, and Erwin, another Trustee, ajoins, and is also public-house keeper. A third trustee (Sloan) lives in the neighborhood, which always makes a majority for continuing the courts at the present place, A passage in the law for erecting the county is that Courts shall be held at the foregoing Place (the house of Hanna) till a Court House and Gaol are built; this puts it in their power to continue them as long as they please, for a little Manage- ment might prevent a Court House and Gaol being built these twenty years. I beg you will excuse inaccuracies, as I write in the greatest hurry, Mr. Hanna holding the Horse while I write. I will see you early in the Spring." (History of Westmoreland County, George Dallas Albert, supra, page 62). -5- 1799 1949 1799 Mrs. Russell Doyle. Present Officers,-President, Mrs. Edward P. Doran; Vice president, Mrs. James P. Brannigan; Secretary, Mrs. John A. Crowley; Treasurer, Mrs. Clarence L. Kull; Recording secretary, Mrs. Joseph W. Bryan. THE DEMOCRATIC WOMEN'S GUILD,-Constituted in 1941. First Officers: President, Evelena K. Smith; Vice President, Elizabeth Pedicone; Recording Secretary, Dora M. Dunn; Corresponding Secre- tary, Helen W. Keck; Treasurer, Hilda E. DeVauz. Present Officers,- President, Elevena K. Smith; Vice President, Katharine M. DeBone; Recording Secretary, Mary Nardizzi; Corresponding Secretary, Mar- garet Fulton; Treasurer, Genevieve Sinkule. WESTMORELAND EVENING COUNCIL OF REPUBLICAN WOMEN,-Organized October 1, 1941. Object: Political. First Offi- cers,-Mrs. George Rugh, President; Mrs. E. B. Mathias, First Vice- President; Ann Richey, Secretary. Present Officers,-Mrs. L. F. Blas- singham, President; Mrs. Joseph Fritz, First Vice-president; Mrs. C. E. Wohler, Secretary. LADIES SOCIETY OF THE BROTHERHOOD OF LOCOMOTIVE FIREMEN AND ENGINEMEN PEACE AND VICTORY LODGE NO. 680,-Organized September 15, 1943 Present Officers,-President, Miss Jemima Watson; Vice President, Mrs. Helen Emrick; Past Presi- dent, Mrs. Cecelia Morrison; Secretary, Mrs. Edith Barney; Treasurer, Mrs. Evalyn Kinkead; Collector, Mrs. Gertrude Amalong; Board of Trustees, Mrs. Jane Crowe, Mrs. Bessie Schrader, and Mrs. Bernadine Oravetz; Warden, Mrs. Helen Hayden; Conductor, Mrs. Marjorie Hake; Inner Guard, Mrs. Sara Agey; Outer Guard, Mrs. Susan Young; Chaplain Mrs. Anna Page; Flag Bearer, Mrs. Charlotte Enfield; Delegate, Mrs. Edith Barney; Alternate Delegate, Mrs. Gertrude Amalong; Magazine Correspondent, Mrs. Helen Hayden; Pianist, Mrs. Elizabeth Blank; Legislative Representative, Mrs. Evalyn Kinkead. UNITED ELECTRICAL RADIO & MACHINE WORKERS OF AMERICA. LOCAL 625 U. E. OF RAILWAY INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING COMPANY,-Charter granted September 1, 1941. For better relationship between management and employees. First Officers: President, Wm. Vandervort; Vice President, D. B. Smalley; Financial Secretary, Lloyd Making; Recording Secretary, Clyde Thomas; Treasurer, Geo. W. Scott. Present Officers: President, Harlan Walton; Vice President, Brooks Hyer; Recording Secretary, F. P. Shoemaker; Financial Secretary, Clyde Porterfield; Treasurer, Joseph Blissman; Executive Board, Glenn McGinnis, Frank Foreman, Denver Miller and William Riddle, Sr. 1949 WALWORTH LOCAL UNION NO. 1275. U.S.A. C.I.O.,-Organized 1939. First Officers: President, Michael T. Hulihan; Vice President, Harold Provins; Financial Secretary, Alvin T. Holden; Recording Sec- retary, Harry T. Snively; Treasurer, Samuel M. Wright; Guide, Paul Goodlin; Inside Guard, Eugene Burrell; Outside Guard, George L. Baker. Present Officers: President, S. I. Kamerer; Vice President, Charles O. Ryan; Financial Secretary, John W. Zimmerman; Recording Secre- tary, Harry Henry; Treasurer, C. T. Allshouse; Guide, Mike Lesko; Inside Guard, George Baker; Outside Guard, Paul Goodlin; Trustees: George Steiner, Jr.; William Hyson, and L. D. Tucci. WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL AUXILIARY NO. 158, GREENS- BURG-JEAN'NETTE TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION,-Organized March 3, 1941. First Officers: President, Mrs. E. B. Mathias; First Vice Presi- dent, Mrs. James Beidler; Secretary, Mrs. Frank Beidler; Treasurer, Mrs. George Charlton. Present Officers: President, Mrs. Anthony Zruno; First Vice President, Mrs. Frank Beidler; Secretary, Mrs. Edgar Wertz; Treasurer, Mrs. E. B. Mathias. UNITED STEELWORKERS OF AMERICA,-Organized 1942; suc- cessor to Steelworkers Organizing Committee 1936, to organize workers for Collective Bargaining. First Officers: Philip Murray, Clinton Golden, David J. McDonald, and Van. A. Bittner. Present Officers: Philip Murray, President; David J. McDonald, Secretary-Treasurer; Van A. Bittner and James Thimmes, Vice Presidents. LOCAL 462 CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF AMERICA,-Or- ganized November 15, 1888. Present Officers: James P. Glasgow, Presi- dent; Henry Baker, Vice President; Joseph Brewer, Financial Secretary; Lloyd Baker, Recording Secretary; Inner Guard, Clymer Kistler; Con- ductor, Wm. Lenhart; Trustees, George Armbrust, Roy Rugh, and Joseph Cavalier. UNITED MINE WORKERS OF AMERICA, DISTRICT NO. 3,- Organized January 25, 1890. Present Officers: President, Frank Hughes; Vice President, Ewing Watt.; District Representatives, James J. Kelly, Bruno Olmizzi, and Valentine Lesko. AMERICAN FLINT GLASS WORKERS UNION,-Organized Feb- ruary 24, 1934. First Officers: President, Jake Vargosko; Financial Secretary, Robert Thropp; Corresponding-Recording Secretary, Ward Miller. Present Officers: President, Thomas Winfield; Financial Secre- tary, Westley Cramer; Corresponding and Recording Secretary, Elmer Whigham. -194- 1799 1949 Greensburg Sports Through The Years FOREWORD The writer desires to acknowledge his thanks to many sports- men who have generously contributed their written accounts, pictures and other material for use in this article. In particular, grateful acknowledgment for data and memories of Greensburg sports figures, players and events is expressed to Dr. Fred A. Robison and Lawson Fiscus, half-backs of the Greensburg Athletic Association; W. C. L. Bayne and Richard Coulter, guard and tackle of the same team; Paul S. Brown, quarterback of the Polka Dots and outfielder of the Elks; William "Kid" Dark, forward of the Greensburg Central League team and third baseman of the Elks; W. Budd Hunter, sports enthusiast; Joseph D. Wentling, official of the Greensburg Driving Association; and Dr. Murray E. Patrick, trainer and driver of harness horses. Prior to the dawn of the nineteenth century Greensburg, and other American communities as well, had viewed few if any organized sports events. The hardy pioneers who settled Western Pennsylvania, particu- larly those of German or Dutch origin, knew and cared little for any form of athletic diversion. Of necessity, to be sure, they were expert hunters and fishermen, but the hardships of clearing the wilderness, of resisting hostile Indian raids, and of earning a livelihood left no time or desire for friendly contest. The influx of new settlers of Scotch-Irish extraction brought with it a measure of pugnacity and love for competi- tion which was asserted in contests of leaping, running, throwing the tomahawk, wrestling, and marksmanship. In describing early Greens- burg, one historian alludes to some variety of game in which boys played ball on a "Common between the lower house on Main Street and the German burying ground." The following comment concerning the city also intrigues the reader: "The hill west of it was then known as 'Bunker Hill' probably in ridicule for there was a riotous tavern on the top of the hill, where cocks, dogs, men and other game animals fought, sometimes for money and sometimes for recreation." Since, from ancient times, mankind has gloried in the "Sport of Kings", it is most fitting, that following the lead of Virginia, Maryland and other eastern states, our first recorded public sports event should be a race meeting. Beginning the 7th day of October, 1819, three days of racing were scheduled on the David Williams farm, immediately West of Greensburg (near the present road leading to West Newton). The purses offered totaled fifty and forty dollars a day with entries open on the third day for horseflesh from anywhere in Pennsylvania. Indeed the sport continued periodically through the balance of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth. In the early years, lovers of the sport from Pittsburgh and vicinity frequently journeyed to the Westmoreland County Seat to enjoy the races. After its incorporation, February 17, 1872, Westmoreland Agricul- tural Society acquired title to the old Fair Grounds, now known as the "Polo Grounds", built a track and held the annual Westmoreland County Fair until it was deemed advisable to move the site to Youngwood. The application of the Society for its corporate charter recites: "The Object of the Corporation Shall be to advance and promote Agricultural and Mechanical Interests; to have Competative Exebitions of Agricultural and Mechanical products and impliments and Live Stock and for the trial of speed in Horses." Upon the removal of the Fair, race meetings were sponsored by the Greensburg Driving Club for the period of 1902 to 1909. inclusive, but in the latter half of the nineteenth century other sports had been fostered and commanded public interests too. Various local baseball teams played at Coulter's Field, adjacent to South Main Street, as early as 1876 and graduated to the better playing field at the Fair Grounds several years later. The following clubs appear in the records of that early day: PORTER BOYS B.B.C. C. Cline ........................... c G. Ulam .........................p F. Bierer ........................... ss T. Turney ........................ 1 Denman....................... ...... 2 Shaw ............................. 3 E. Cline ........................... If Barclay ............................ cf Fisher ............................. rf E. J. KEENAN B.B.C. McGrew.......................... c Knowblock ....................... Colville. .......................ss Coshey .......................... 1 A lwine .......................... 2 H. Lisht ............................3 F. Gra ff........................... If A. Theurer ..... ...................cf J. Clark ...........................rf BLUE STOCKINGS B.B.C. Kuhns ..............................1 Boyd ............................. cf Bomer ........................... If Jno. Kuhns ......................... ss Sechrist ........................... Arters ............................ c Clarke ............................ 3 Powell ............................. p Keenan.............................rf GEO. HUFF B.B.C. Myers.............................c H. Fess...........................p Mitinger ........................... s G ilson ............................ 1 Altman .............................2 W. Crerry .........................3 Denman ............................ If G. Coshey ......................... cf Ulam.............................rf -195- 1799 WHITE STAR B.B.C M echlins.... ................... c Barclay ............................. P G rier............................. ss Kuhns .... . .................... 1 Tyre .............. ..............2 Keenan ..... . ................... 3 Light ........... ..............If Hunter........ ................ cf Lyon........ .................. rf JOHN GUFFEY B.B.C. JOHN LATTA B.B.C Kirk......................................... ss Burrell .......... . .............. 2 Clemens.....................3........ Turney. .............................1 McTighe ........................... p Ulam ............................. c Dixon .............................rf Gross .............................If H ebrank........................... cf Frass...... ........................ss Rhorer.............................3 Loor .............................. 1 McCall ............................ If W . Turney .......................... 2 Stewart ............................. c Keenar ............................. rf L. Turney .........................p McClain ........................... cf The "Guffeys" organized in 1879, represented Greensburg on the diamond quite ably, winning twenty of twenty-two games played over a three-year period. This team played its home contests at the Fair Grounds, but frequently journeyed to foreign fields. The roster of the Guffeys for the season of 1881 included the following players: John Barclay, catcher; John B. Kuhns, pitcher; T. C. Turney, shortstop; Chas. Bomer, first base; S. A. Clements, second base; A. M. Milligan, center field; Frank Loor, left field; Frank Hill, center field; James Keenan, right field; C. C. Law, W. A. Johnston and W. Stevenson, substitutes. With few exceptions, the same players appeared later as the "H. J. Brunot B. B. C." and campaigned successfully in this and neighboring towns. The team had real support from the Press as these headlines attest: THE CLOVEN FOOT, THE LAFAYETTES, OF UNION- TOWN, BACK OUT. The Brunots, of Greensburg, Make Them Take Water. THEIR PROFESSIONAL CATCH- ER HAD TO LEAVE. THIRD EDITION, Sere tburth EMUion onihird page ,or the erm latest news. BASE BALL. THE H. J. BRUNOTS GAIN A LIVELi VICTORY. THE B-Af)DOCKS CLUB BEATEN WHI.N NOT EXPECTi D. Greensburg Folka Feel HlIghly Platterj ed Over the bls ceima tdkeoys Yest day. 1949 Fourth Edition, BASE BALL. BRAGGADOPIA, BULLDOZING, BUL- LFING BUFFOONERY. Greensburg Gentlemanly-Union- town Ungentlemanly. In last evening's PRESS, the first inning was given in the. social game of base ball played at Uniontown yesterday afternoon. To-day we give the remainder of the innings, Fifth Edition, 16 TO 3. IN FAVOR OF THE CLUB, BRUNOT A C(ld I)ay For Connellsville Base Bali Men. HiBp, Ilip, Hurrah fNr the Brunols. tIA4tiEN'1AS MINCt,1I. The UaX Gul4)m Keolik the Noelkm oK Ike Xeroy WV#amta.-iAP RaVI sttbble-4--itore 18 to -HIP lp Iftp Yeterda. hr,oight another victory for the Guffeys. 'hey went to Indiana to play the MagIntma, of that plce, in company with Baseball continued in popularity for many years with the old Fair Grounds as the principal playing field until Athletic Park came into use during the eighties. During its hey-day, the Fair Grounds was well equipped to handle the thousands, who in the "horse and buggy" era, thronged there to attend the showing of livestock, produce and machinery and to witness the harness racing. It had a covered grandstand and judges' stand; various frame stables and sheds for horses, cattle, sheep and swine; and buildings for other exhibitions. The half-mile dirt race track was in- scribed by a cinder or warm-up track used by the trainers of the trotters and pacers in wet weather and in later years by high school trackmen. The baseball diamond was situated at the westerly end of the grounds. Athletic Park, re-named Offutt Field, is and has been the heart and soul of local football and baseball history. For more than six decades the roars of its crowds have echoed from surrounding hills; three genera- tions of Greensburgers have appeared on the old field as contestants or -196-- 1799 spectators; and the cleats and spikes of the great, the near great and the mediocre have been dug into its sod. The pictures of teams, the clippings in scrap books guarded as precious possessions in many Greensburg homes, the memories of games and performances, all have the old park as their common background. Small wonder then that our people, and particularly our native and adopted sons, have a strong and real s(nti- mental attachment for the ground which has been so intimately asso- ciated with their youth, and in many instances, that of their forebears! The full impact of the popularity of athletic contests and sports events fell upon the Greensburg community during the middle nineties and asserted itself in strong amateur, professional, independent, and school- boy performances in various phases of athletics and contests. Should a reviewer be asked to mark a "Golden Era" in Greensburg sports history, with due allowance for the rules of the games, population of the town, and the limitation of equipment and facilities-he should be obliged, in candor, to award the title to the period of 1895 to 1915, which, for variety, skill and public interest, remains unexcelled by later and con- temporary representatives in the sports field. The years immediately preceding this era were notable for teams which laid the ground work for the advancement of the more famous ones immediately following them. From the viewpoint of public interest, football has always been Greensburg's main sport, so much so, in fact, that the person who has grown up in the City limits and remains unfamiliar with the technique of the game is the exception rather than the rule. Oddly, and contrary to popular belief, football did not make its first local appearance at Athletic Park. Its unique entrance came about when Richard Coulter and some fellow collegians home for Christmas vacation in December, 1890, accepted a challenge to meet a Pittsburgh team, staked out a crude field at the Fair Grounds and played a surpri- singly close but losing game with the visitors. The following season of 1891 found an organized team of town boys performing at Electric Park, now the site of the Southwest Junior High School. The '92, '93, and '94 teams brought the game to the center of the town and attracted the enthusiastic support of the townspeople. With the exception of one or two players, these organizations were strictly amateur, and, among others, listed the names of T. Jamison, Null, Bovard, Furtwangler, Brotherton, Bayne, Copeland, Coulter, T. Barclay, T and J. Donohoe, Laird, Shearer, Thomas, Theurer, Fiscus and Mech- ling, as players. 1949 The Greensburg Athletic Association, organized at an earlier date but formally incorporated in the year 1895, sponsored football, baseball, and gymnasium teams which combined local and professional talent. The headquarters was established in the Kuhns Building on Main Street. Elected officers were-President, Dr. J. E. Mitinger; Vice President, Thomas Donohoe; Recording Secretary, George Foster; Financial Secretaries, Richard Thomas and Chas. Jones; Treasurers, Leo Furt- wangler and Oscar Rask; Directors, Richard Coulter, Chas D. Copeland, Ward Eicher, William Brinker, Chas. Jamison, Edgar Doty, H. Robin- son, R. Laird, A. Coulter, Thomas Jamison, William Stout and Harry Furtwangler; Membership Committee, Bert Wirsing, E. Mechling, Wm. Alcorn, Mack Shearer, Thomas Donohoe, W. C. L. Bayne, Chas. Jones, E. Blank, H. Copeland, John Irvin, Elmer Wildman, Ed. Keck, John Cribbs, H. Sarver and James Bell. Three notable additions were made to the 1895 squad-A. M. Wyant, of Bucknell and Chicago, a giant guard, and two Penn State backs- Fred Robison and Charles "Prexie" Atherton. During the remaining years of the nineties and nineteen hundred, other famous names from college ranks dot the lineups to stamp the Greensburg Athletic Association as one of the prominent professional outfits of that day with notable records: 1895 25 Latrobe ................................... 0 42 Wester University of P ........................ 12 Altoona ....................................... 6 44 Carnegie A.C ................................ 0 12 Whee ing Tigers ..............0.. ......... 0 40 Connellsville ................................ 0 0 Pittsburgh Athletic Club. ................ ........ 0 0 Duquesne Country and Athletic Club ............. 12 17 Altoona .................................. 4 24 Beaver Idlls ................................ 0 0 Latrobe ............................... . ... . 4 1896 22 Jeannette ................ ............ ...... 0 14 Wheeling Tigers ................................ 0 12 3eaver Falls................................... 0 14 )ittsburgh Athletic Club ........................ 0 10 -atrobe ............................... . ... . 4 4 ). C. &A. C....................... ........ 18 0 )ittsbursh Athletic Club ........................ 0 10 .atrobe ....................................... 0 1897 22 Swisvale ..................................... 6 76 Jeannette ...................................... 0 90 Imperials .................................... 0 32 Geneva ....................................... 0 28 Altoona ...................................... 0 30 W heeling *. ..................... 0 47 Western University of P......... ............. 0 24 D.C. &A.C ................................. 6 6 Latrobe ................................... 12 16 Pittsburgh Athletic Club. ....................... 0 6 Latrobe .................. .................. 0 -197- 4-7a- JONIlI . . . . .. . . . 1799 GREENSBURG ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION - 1897 Back row - McFarland, Borlin, Flowers, Crookston, Theurer. Second row - Feightner, Dunsmore, Core. Third row - Darrah, McKenzie, Speers, Sterrett, Lang, Donohoe. Fourth row - Barclay, Thomas, Cherry, Cope. Front row - Laird, Sigman, Kiehl, Mechling. Robison, Furtwanqler. A. M. Wyant and Tom Donohoe also members of this squad. Featured among the players in the memories of fans of those days and in the newspaper accounts were Hassett of Chicago; Donohoe of Fordham; McAndrews of Amherst; Jimeson and Seneca of Carlisle Indian School; McKenzie of Penn; McDermott and Hutchinson of Princeton; Devall of Cornell; Carr, Steckle and Seigmund of Michigan; Hanley and McDonald of Notre Dame; Koehler of Purdue; Dunsmore, Penn State; Sterret, Geneva; Thomas, Lawson Fiscus, Ross Fiscus and Mechling of Indiana Normal; Flowers, McFarland, Theurer, Crookston and Core of Washington & Jefferson; Worthington, Rinehart, Sigman and Barclay, Lafayette; Darrah, Lang, Gessler, Feightner, Bird and Kiehl. College elevens of that day were undaunted by the reputations of the professionals and scheduled them regularly; nor was it unusual that a "Play-for-pay" artist should enroll at college and participate as a member of collegiate teams. Home games were gala occasions. Game time brought a cessation of business activity, as many proprietors and employees closed stores and shops to take their places in the bleachers or along the side line ropes at Athletic Park. Spectators who drove to the scene left their horses, buggies and wagons on the Easterly side of Jack's run. For lack of a field house, the Athletic Association team dressed in its club room on Main Street and, attended by groups of admiring fans and small boys, walked or ran through the town alleys to the gridiron. Bare- headed, Greensburg players were garbed in maroon and white striped jersies, stockings of the same colors, quilted pants and light padding under leather shoulder patches. Some wore shin guards and a few used rubber nose protectors. Visiting teams donned uniforms at their hotels and embarked for the combat on a bus drawn by a sturdy team of horses from a local livery stable. The game itself was hard and bruising. The forward pass had not come into being, so the defense could well afford to mass men on the line of scrimmage. Offensively, Greensburg operated from the T formation with a variety of end and flank sweeps by its fleet backs, split and cross- -199- 1949 POLKA DOTS Top row - Chas. Hoffer, Chas Hrank, Harry Frye, Mqr., Paul Brown Sam Alwine. Middle row - Oscar Cope, Harry Balmond. Lawrenc Janemay, Jud Woods, Sam McElwee. Front row - Joe Workman Wilbur Findley. bucks by its bucking backs, Donohore's famous end-around, guards and tackles-back plays and the on side kick. Feelings ran high in those days. Victories over rivals, particularly Latrobe, were marked by noisy celebrations, parades, and dinners while defeats assumed the aspect of community calamity. The local press, in general, was unstinting in its praise of the Greensburg representatives and begrudged any kind words for opponents. Not infrequently, and in no uncertain terms, the sports writers of this period questioned the veracity, competency and integrity of officials and rival managers. In the same vein, opposing players and their supporters stood convicted of misconduct and were editorially flayed with open bitterness and contempt. Professional football was discontinued after the 1900 season, leaving a fine record and an impression on Greensburg youth which was reflected and carried on by the high school and independent teams which followed in its wake. Through the years 1896 to 1909, local fans enjoyed the lively play of an independent eleven named the Polka Dots. Originally a boys' team, it gained in stature as "some of the boys" grew and added addition- al mature material through the years. In the first six years of existence under the managership of Harry A. Frye, the Dots were undefeated. As linemen, the club showed Wentzell, Hoffer, James McElwee, John McElwee, Janeway, Spindler, Marks, Findley, Woods, P. Feightner, Mace, Slacker, Cope, Sloan, Moore, Alwine, Hawk, McConnell, Jones, Yount, Crawford, R. Herbert, Hardy, Sickenberger, Wigger, J. Farr, Altman, Blansett, Hammer and Friedlander; as backs, Brown, Balmond, F. Seanor, R. Feightner, H. Herbert, C. Seanor, Cline, G. Farr, Clawson, Lowrey and Candy. Nearly all towns of the nineties were represented by capable baseball teams and Greensburg was no exception. With the influx of football 1799 players, some of whom notably Robison, Atherton, Theurer and "Rose" Barclay, were also diamond performers, the G. A. A. proceeded to field outstanding teams. The season of 1895 showed 28 games won and 5 lost; that of 1896, 39 won and 13 lost; and that of 1897, 36 won and 9 lost. The lineups, of course, continually changed and shifted as various positions were re-enforced and as players drifted to other clubs. Promin- ent, however, in the nineties' teams were Buttermore, Best, Blair, Robison, Painter, O'Brien, Suter, O'Hara, Altman, Gay, Mechling, Brady, Bradley and Carey, outfielders; Abbatichio, Criswell, Redding, Edmundson, King, Atherton, Gilligan, Miles, Whaley, Johns, Moran, Stanley, Hafford and Theurer, infielders; Gilboy, Wilson, Lear, Cremer, G. Barclay, catchers; Smith, Wilhelm, McTighe, Burns and Pittinger, pitchers. These were truly Class A teams which students of the game will immediately note included names later appearing in the major leagues and others which might have attained that high status had their bearers elected to pursue a professional carreer in the sport. One of the stronger lineups was an all-collegiate one which confronted the immortal Rube Waddell, then pitching for Homestead, with Moran of Georgetown, shortstop; Stanley of North Carolina U., second base; Bradley of Prince- 1949 ton, center field; Cremer of Franklin and Marshall, left field; Barclay of Lafayette, catching; Theurer of Washington & Jefferson, first base; Hafford of Georgetown, third base; O'Hara of Pittsburgh College, right field; McTighe of Catholic U., pitching. This team, with the exception of Altman in center field and Pittinger on the mound, met the Brooklyn Dodgers in an exhibition game at the local park. Many and various amateur teams played independently and in leagues in the early years of the twentieth century, both at Athletic Park and at the Elks' Park in Southwest Greensburg. The Boston Redsox, with "Brownie" GesSler, a former Greensburg player as captain and the famous Cy Young on the mound for several innings, dropped an exhibition tilt 2-0 to the Elks at the latter's park in 1908. The lineups: BOSTON McConnell......................... 2 Lord ..............................3 Speaker ......................... m Gessler ..........................r Cravat ............................. 1 W agner ............................ s Niles ............................ .1 Donahoe ........................... c Young.............................p Brady ..............................p ELKS Brow n.............................1 Dark ..............................3 Cremer ........................... Jones .............................. s Bowser............................ m Bell .............................. 1 Patterson. ..........................2 Ramsey ............................r Fulton.............................p L 5 -~ I -- Gru ~ Ir5RHGlrtu --; ' "-' F~io ~ GRlllrZq H I I -200- A~tll 1799 Fred Jamison with Wilkes Brewer 1949 Harry Fleming with Lucille Spier Rigs, carriages, buggies, refreshment stands, picnicking groups from the rural sections, blanketed horses being "cooled out", straw-hatted gentlemen and ladies with parasols, drivers in silks and goggles, clouds of dust, the water wagon, groups of men slyly noting "gentlemen's wagers", shrill vendors of scorecards and pop, the thud of hoofs, and the blaring band contributed to the colorful scene as the starter tolled his bell announcing the first heat of the first race at a local race meeting. The Association sponsoring racing events functioned from 1902 to the year 1909. The meetings themselves were of two varieties, the first, matinee events, in which owners drove their own horses, and the second, those which were open for all, including professional trainers. Some of those who served as officers of the association were: Harry F. Bovard, Joseph D. Wentling, Harry F. Thomas, Harry Seanor, Dr. J. E. Mitinger, Dr. C. E. Snyder and Dr. Thomas P. Cole. Of the many drivers who frequently appeared on the Greensburg track, race fans will no doubt recall the Johnstown drivers-Eddie Haywood, John Pender, H. Y. James and Bert Hawes; Pittsburgh drivers-David G. McDonald, Al Williams; as well as Curt Gosnell, of Indiana, Pa., John Shafer of Dawson, and Harry Weldon of Greens- burg. Fred Jamison, in later years known as the "King of the Half Mile Tracks" and one of the largest money winners of the country; Harry Fleming, in later years nationally prominent as a Grand Circuit driver and pilot of the great trotters, Lucille Spier and Nedda; and Joseph McGraw, later President of the American Harness Racing Association, all drove and trained horses at the Fair Grounds. The main entrance to the Keaggy Rink, formerly a theatre, was located on the northerly side of West Otterman Street at the present site of the Strand Theatre, the main floor being reached by two flights of stairs. The baksetball court, laid out on the second floor, was illuminated by arc lights and enclosed on its four sides by wire stretched over frarime uprights and cross-pieces. Baskets or hoops were offset twelve inches from thick square back-boards of glass. Spectators were seated on bleachers outside the cage and in a low balcony which extended to the top of the structure. The professional players assembled to represent Greensburg in the Central League trotted out on this, their home floor, before their enthusiastic backers in the late Fall of 1906. During that season the league included East Liverpool, Greensburg, Homestead, Southside, Butler and McKeesport. The following three seasons in which the league functioned showed changes in these franchises, particularly Grandstand at the "Old" Fairgrounds where race meetings were held 1902-1909. TROTTERS ON THE HOME STRETCH -201- GBG.-H. S. TEAM - 1901. Front row - Alex McConnell, Charles Mck. Lynch, Paul Cline. 2nd row - Coach A. S. Sigman, Dick Hunter. Jesse Mase, Capt., Earl McCormick, Mgr., Curtis Clawson. 3rd row - William Ehrenfield, Bruce McWilliams, Leader Eisaman, A. B. Kelly, John Keim 4th row - Bert Kunkle William Wry. the addition of Johnstown and Uniontown and varied personnel as players were bought, sold and traded in a manner similar to that em- ployed by organized baseball. As may be readily surmised, the action in the cage with no out-of- bounds, the double and stop-and-go dribble legal, great liberality on the part of the rules defining and the official's interpretation of fouls, was fast and exciting, albeit quite rough according to present standards. A center jump followed the scoring of each point, and any player was permitted to shoot the called fouls-a duty generally assigned to one specialist. Those fortunate enough to have witnessed a contest here recall with pleasure the skillful exhibitions of dribbling, passing and marksmanship put on display by these early professionals. Oddly enough, this era produced experts with the one hand push and hook shots. This technique was for some years discontinued by teachers of the game only to be returned in more recent years, highly developed by its leading exponents. Refereeing in the League required great agility, as well as discretion, By reason of the restricted playing area, the single official, to insure his personal safety, was at times obliged to climb the wire structure to avoid the fast moving contestants. Dark, Toner, Powell, McCreight, Featherstone, McGregor, Mc- Laughlin, White, Wilson, Kummer, Miller, Doherty, Kelschner, Ahearn, Marshall, Geig, Good, Beggs, and Doyle were names commonly on the tongues of admiring local adherents who despite extreme partiality to their favorites frequently showed their appreciation of the abilities of visiting stars such as Hough, Kane, Sears, Keenan, Wohlfarth, Fogarty, Kinkaide, Adams, Ferat, Getzinger, Steele, O'Donnell and Pennino. HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETICS As a natural consequence to the success and popularity of the early amateur and professional football teams, a deep impression was made on Greensburg youth which was reflected by scholastic and independent teams flourishing in the wake of their famous predecessors. Likewise, having fostered and sponsored the first professional football teams in the country, the populace of Greensburg was thoroughly football-minded and asserted a hearty interest in bringing a position of prominence to the schoolboy version of the great sport. The products of this interest have now for more than half a century been outstanding in high school circles and many have appeared in the lineups of leading colleges and universities to this day. To trace the records of the players, coaches and contests of Greens- burg High School embracing the entire period of fifty-five football seasons, is a task worthy of separate and entire study which, of necessity, cannot be fully or adequately accomplished in a general synopsis. The high school was first represented on the gridiron in the year 1894 under the name of Underwood High School. Loosely organized, scholastic contests were most informal in these early years. Few students were enrolled in the schools, so that it was not unusual for any team, in- cluding ours, to recruit players among the young men about the towns in order to strengthen its forces for any game. In these early stages, school authorities had little or no interest in athletic contests and, there- fore, a record of school attendance was not a requisite for the active participants. -202- 1799 1949 Back row - Dougherty, Ahern, Geig, Wilson. Center row - Hughes, Mgr., White, Rose, Mgr. Front row - Dark, Kummer. 1799 GBG.-H. S. TEAM Back row-M. Crosby, Oscar Cope, James Shields, Thos. Lynch, Charles Hawk. Second row - Sam Sheffler, Richard Welty, M. F. Null, Mgr., William Brown, mascot, Maurice Welty, Arch Eicher, "Lanky' Weldon. First rowmCarl Yount, James Owens, Frank Royer, John Clements, Robt. Z. Beacom, David L. Waldon Bottom row - Paul Mase, Captain. Prior to 1905, Greensburg High School had never consistently put in the field, a football team strictly composed of high school students. We print herewith a picture of the 1901 team, which shows C. B. Clawson, then a student at Mercersburg Academy, in uniform, and he actually played on the team. In 1905, however, a new principal, Frank C. Baker, came to High School, He was a fine leader of boys, and had excellent ideals and tried to inculcate in young men the true principles of sports- manship and academic purity in athletics. When he saw the report of a game played at Elk's Park September 23, 1905 with the follow- ing lineup: GREENSBURG HIGH SCHOOL EMPIRE A. C. X Hoffer .............. R.E.............X Balmond Welty ............... R.T ............... Farr Weldon .............. R.G............... Clements Wray ............. .C.................. Beacom Hank................L.G............... X Sickenberger Mase..............L.T............ X Murray Shields ............... L.E......... ....X Herbert Smith ................. Q.R.............. X Bair Welty ............... R.H.B ................ Lynch X Finley ...............L.H.B............. Jones X Werkman............B........... ....Shupe he hit the ceiling, for three players on the High School team never attended High School and on the Empire Team, which had suc- ceeded the Polka-Dots, there were at least five players who were students. The action was prompt and decisive. He put it up to the boys and the result was that the Empires practically abandoned and joined forces with the high school teams. A reconstituted high school team was able to defeat East Liberty Academy at Elk's Park 10 to 6 on October 27, 1905, and save for one game thereafter no "ringers" were ever used on a Greensburg High School team. This action of the Greensburg educator had its influence in purifying High School teams throughout the county, and three years later, practically all High Schools were following Mr. Baker's lead.-The Board of Editors. The coaching was almost negligible, although some elementary tutoring was furnished by Mr. A. S. Sigman of the Greensburg Athletic Association and others who contributed of their knowledge of the game to the young players. 1949 EMPIRE A. C. - 1904 Back row - Kenneth Bair., Thos. Lynch, G. Cleveland Murray, Don Bing, Richard Kilgore. Middle row - Jas. Owens, David Shupe, Elmer Bair. Robert Beacom, Frank Herbert, Oscar Cope. Front row - Ed Brant, Arch Eicher, Carl Brant. The first faculty coach, Vance E. Booher, a former Washington & Jefferson football and baseball luminary, assumed his duties in the Fall of 1907, thus heading the list of full time coaches who have directed Brown & White squads to the present day, whose names, alma maters and years of service follow: Vance E. Booher, Washington a Jefferson, 1907-19101 Carl Wimberly, Washington & Jefferson, 1911-121 W. O. Saylor, Franklin and Marshall, 1913-14 Reginald Bovill, Washington A Jefferson, 1915, Victor D. Younkins, Washington & Jefferson, 1916, A. A. Wesbecher, Washington & Jefferson, 1917, R. R. Feightner Pitt, 1918, Leslie Moser, Washington & Jefferson, 1919-20; Elmer E. Carroll, Washington Jefferson, 1921, Albert Knabb, Penn State, 1922; Elmer E. Carroll Washington & Jefferson, 1923-24-25-26 Earl E. Loucks, 'Washington & Jefferson, 1927-28-29-30-31-32; A. A. Wesbecher, Washington & Jefferson, 1933-34-35-36-37-38; Regis McKnight, India sTeachers, 1939-40-41, Luther Richards, Pitt,,1942, Joseph J. Gates Duquesne, 1943, Asa G. Wiley, Waynesburg, 1944-451 Joseph J. Gates, Duquesne, 1946, Earl Ewing, Geneva, 1947-48. With the advent of professional coaching, the spot-light of attention was turned on the teams of Greensburg High School. In occupying the center of the stage, these proceeded to play their roles in a manner befitting star performers and proved themselves worthy of "top-billing". Their meetings with Pittsburgh Central High and hard fought engage- ments with Johnstown High School became the football classics of the Western Pennsylvania school-boy world. It may also be remarked in passing that these rivalries, and others, at times developed some slug- fests among the overly enthusiastic rabid partisans and followers of the teams. Thereafter our statistics .and records show undefeated seasons during the years 1911, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1920, 1921, 1927, 1929, 1933 and 1935. This interesting fact does not signify that the teams of those years were the strongest units. On the contrary, it is obvious even to the casual fan that some of these records were compiled against weak or mediocre opposition as compared to others which met and at times succumbed to strong opponents. It is of interest, however, that in one era Greensburg played forty- three games without experiencing defeat from September of 1913 to October, 1917, and in twenty-six consecutive games during the seasons -203- of 1913, 14 and 15, opponents were unable to score a touchdown. 1799 But in spite of St. Clair and the dissatisfaction of many people, Court continued to be held at Hannastown for fourteen years more. The burning of Hannastown on July 13, 1782 precipitated the issue of moving the Seat of Justice. Although Robert Hannah's house was not burned, this catastrophe left Hannastown without adequate accommodations for the many people who customarily visited the town on Court Days, and travelers on the Forbes Road. Indeed when travelers got West of Youngstown, they began cutting South of the Forbes Road as a more direct route to Pitts- burgh which took them through the site of Greensburg so that on Sep- tember 25, 1785, an Act was passed by the General Assembly opening a State Road from Cumberland County to Pittsburgh, diverging from the Forbes Road at various places and especially at the Western end and through Greensburg. Usually substantial use of a road preceded legal procedure to open it, the purpose of opening it being to dedicate it to the public and maintain it at public expense. Hence, the road through Greensburg must have been in use for sometime before 1785. However, in spite of the inconveniences, the Court continued to sit at Robert Hannah's house. On November 22, 1784 the Legislature paassed an act which recited that whereas, the trustees appointed by the Act of February 26, 1773 had not complied with the terms of the law, dismissed the trustees and appointed five new, commissioners to select a site for the County Seat. After hearing claimants for Hannastown, New Town and Pittsburgh which was still in Westmoreland County, the commissioners could not agree, so on September 13, 1785, the Legislature removed them and enacted the following: "Whereas, the seat of justice of Westmoreland hath not heretofore been established by law, for want of which the inhabitants labor under great inconveniences, it shall and may be lawful for Benjamin Davis, Michael Rough, John Shields, John Pomroy and Hugh Martin, of the county of Westmoreland, or any three of them, to purchase and take assurance in the name of the Commonwealth, of a piece of land, in trust for the use of the inhabitants of Westmoreland County: Provided said piece of land be not situated further east than the nine-mile run, nor further west then Bushy run, further north than Loyalhanna, nor further south than five miles south of the old Pennsylvania road leading to Pittsburgh; on which piece of ground said Commissioners shall erect a Court House and prison, sufficient to accommodate the public service of the said county." (Laws of Comm. of Penna. Vol. II p. 338, Phila., 1810.) 1949 This Act eliminated Pittsburgh as a possibility as by the terms thereof the new site could not be farther West than Bushy Run. No doubt, by this time Pittsburgh had good reason to believe that its move- ment for its own county could be successful which it finally was on February 24, 1788, when the Legislature erected Allegheny County. Thus the issue lay between Hannastown and New Town. As three of the newly appointed Commissioners lived South of the Forbes Road and two North of it, it was a foregone conclusion that New Town would be the new County Seat. And so it was. Commissioner Benjamin Davis of Rostraver Township, Hugh Martin, Mt. Pleasant Township, Michael Rugh, Hempfield Township, on December 10, 1785, not three months after their appointment entered into an agreement with Christopher Truby and William Jack, to which Ludwig Otterman later became a party for the purchase of two acres of land on which to erect public buildings. These two acres comprised what is now the block enclosed by Pennsylvania Avenue, Otterman Street, Main Street and Pittsburgh Street, on part of which Westmoreland County's Court Houses have always been located. This agreement provided as follows: "Articles of agreement made and concluded on between Christopher Truby and Wm. Jack of the one part and Benjamin Davis, Michael Rugh and Hugh Martin, trustees for the county of Westmoreland, Witnesseth, that the said Christopher Truby and Wm. Jack doth hereby grant, bargain and sell unto the said Benj. Davis, Mich'l Rugh and Hugh Martin, Trustees, a certain piece of land situate and being in Hempfield Township, on the North Branch of the Sewicklee, containing two acres, for the use of Erecting a Court House and prison, for the consideration of six pence lawful money of the state of Pennsylvania to us in hand paid, the receipt we do hereby confess and acknowledge ourselves fully satis- fied, and the said Christopher Truby and William Jack doth hereby bind themselves, their heirs, executors, administrators and assigns to make a clear Patton free from all incumbrances to the said Bejn Davis, Michael Rugh and Hugh Martin, Trustees or their successors, and the said Christopher Truby and William Jack doth hereby promise to the said trustees to lay out a certain quantity of land for the use of a county town containing Sixty acres, viz: Running thence south twenty east 160 perches, south 43' east 80 perches, north 75 east 40 perches and north 4Y2 west 135 perches to a post, south 75 west to the place of beginning, and to allow the Inhabitants of said Town free incourse and recourse to the North Branch and West Branch at certain places as the said trustees shall think proper, not to be in injury to the bottom on said Watters, and the said Christopher Truby and Wm. Jack doth hereby -6- 1799 1949 G. H. S. CHAMPIONS OF PENNA. - 1914 Third row-Mitinger, Mgr., Bortz,. Capt., Saylor. Coach, 2nd row - Corman. Loughrey. Shields, Griffith, Benford. Atkinson. First row-Orr, Keck, Silvis, Thomas. Robinson. Long,. Kuhns. -204- 1799 Before being admitted to membership in the Western Pennsylvania Inter-Scholastic League, certain of these teams with outstanding records were recognized as Western Pennsylvania or Pennsylvania Champions, and after entrance to the league, the team of 1927 was awarded the championship title under the point rating system. Throughout all these years, many of our outstanding players have been honored by selection to mythical all-star combinations as composed by sports writers, authori- ties and selection boards. The highest award of the collegiate football world, namely, nonina- tion to first All-America position, was awarded to J. Stanton Keck, tackle, of Princeton, and Jesse Quatse, tackle, of Pittsburgh. There are many constitutents who have watched and studied the panorama of brown-jersied gridmen through various cycles and eras through the lean and fat seasons; on rain-soaked, wind-swept, snow- covered, dusty and green fields, in bright daylight and more recently, under the glare of the lights. In reminiscent moods, these dyed-in-the-wool adherents take a particular pride and enjoyment in discussing the merits and qualities of the colorful teams and of the talented individuals who have graced the high school scene. In spite of the many factors such as changes of rules, the change in the shape and inflation of the ball, the tightening of the eligibility codes and quality of opposition, which militate against logical conclusions as to excellence of the teams of the past as compared with those of more recent years, nearly all agree that the team of 1914 possessed all of the attributes of true championship calibre. There were several unusual features, beside a perfect record, to which attention may be directed concerning this remarkable team. It was one of, if not the first high school squad, to conduct its preliminary season drills at a training camp; it played most if its schedule under the guidance of "substitute coaches"; it defeated teams out of its class; and it inaugurated the interesting Greensburg-Harrisburg Tech rivalry. Rich in big, fast, experienced material, the 1914 squad practiced for weeks in the mountains before returning to its home field. Prior to the opening game, Coach Saylor was hospitalized. Hastily, two local men, "Choc" Worthington, former Lafayette and G. A. A. star, and Dr. Ross Feightner, a star University of Pittsburgh tackle, were asked to assume the active coaching work, which they accepted and performed with skill and distinction until the latter part of the season. Harrisburg Tech, the scourge of central and eastern Pennsylvania high schools, accepted the Greensburg challenge and essayed the role of "giant-killer" only to be humbled and crushed in a memorable, though one-sided game. The complete record: 1949 Greensburg 9 Irwin .................................... 6 Tarentum ................................. O Latrobe .................................. 7 California Normal ............................ 8 Harrisburg Tech .............................. 4 Connellsville .............................. 7 Johnstown ................................. 4 Pitt Freshmen ............................ 0 East Liberty Academy ....................... Opponents The Greensburg-Tech games which followed became the high-lights of the schedule of each and attracted thousands from the two cities in their home-and-home series. After a division of Harrisburg high schools, several contests were played with William Penn High of that city. The series record: Greensburg Harrisburg Tech 1914 .......... 1915........... 1916. .......... 1917 . ......... 1919........... 1920 .......... 1921 .......... 1922 .......... 1923 .......... 1924 .......... 1925 ........... 1926........... 1927 .......... 1928 .......... 0 0 6 16 39 7 6 20 69 0 6 William Penn High 7 0 14 Continuing as a major power in school circles for many years, it was inevitable that there should be more prolonged periods of mediocrity as countless others concentrated in producing efficient football machines. Despite average and declining fortunes of more recent years, public interest and game attendance figures have mounted. One of the modern problems of school officials is to find adequate play-field accommodations for players and spectators in carrying out an extensive football program. Originally, a minor sport and in some years discontinued completely, high school basketball has risen in popularity by leaps and bounds in comparatively recent years to over tax playing facilities and space for spectators. Although never attaining championship heights, Greensburg has boasted several strong teams which have won sectional titles and fared well in tournament play. In later years, wrestling has established a firm standing in the Winter sports program. By reason of lack of competition from "natural rivals", Greensburg here meets opponents not frequently appearing elsewhere -205- 1799 1949 1927 FOOTBALL SQUAD Kopesak, Potts, Cox, Rowan, Quatse. Shaffer. McDevitt, Black. Hammer. Morrison, Vudragovich, Rathqeb. Earl E. Loucks, coach: Pesci. Korish, Pantalone Dovich, Burkhart, Moore. Rollins, Paskey, Torrance, Brinkley. Hamilton, Kaylor, Avra Pershing, coach. Drake, Enders, Kebe, White. Robinson, Watt, captain, Hayden, Cavalier. Keisler, Asa, Hamlin. John Eisaman, trainer: Weaver. Pultz, Brooks, Pignetti, Blissman, Sherman. Rabe Marsh, coach. -206-- 1799 1949 1921 TEAM - G. H. S. Front row: Evans Seanor. Ride. Demoise, Mayers, Guarino. Coleman, Cuneo, Bytheway, Hull, Pershing., Potts. J. Truxal. Second row: Carroll. Coach: Buck Williams, Asst. Coach; Waugaman. Wienand, R. Pollins. P. Marsh, Friedlander. Beehner, Reardon. R. Marsh, Griffith, Tozzi. Third row: Smale, Scherer, Gallagher. Laird, Mayers, Davis, Crosby, Hutchinson, Hershberger, Lutes, G. Smafl, Bruning. Tarr, Rote. G. H. S. BASEKETBALL TEAM - 1943 on the athletic calendar. The record has been punctuated by the develop- ment of some very capable matmen who have campaigned successfully in dual meets and in interscholastic tournaments. At first apathetic, public and student interest has steadily mounted to give the grapplers a group of enthusiastic followers. As in all schools and colleges, Spring sports by reason of season limitations, contest times, and dependence on favorable weather condi- tions have never commanded an extensive public following. Neverthe- less, in furthering the talents of its students, the high school despite earlier lapses now supports teams in track and field, baseball and golf. Before the twenties, the track and field teams fared well in local competition and their individual members were conspicuous in inter- scholastic meets in Pittsburgh and elsewhere. In the annual Westmoreland County Interscholastic meet, inau- gurated in 1923, the locals have won the County title fourteen times. In the Western Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic League Meet, top honors went to Greensburg in 1936; while in one of the major events, the one-mile relay, the same team furnished the winners in four successive years, 1935, 1936, 1937 and 1938. A new W.P.I.A.L. record, which remains unbroken, for the 880 yard run was set by Greensburg's middle distance star, Elmer Pochatko, in 1937. Originally a major sport, then abandoned for many years, baseball was reinstalled to its former status in 1946 and during the past few seasons since its return the locals have fielded interesting and representa- tive diamond combinations. Golf, somewhat a newcomer to interscholastic competition, has attracted capable squads of candidates for the varsity teams. With Mt. -207- Odin as the home course, they have turned in very commendable per- formances. In studying the lists of athletes who have been awarded letters by the school for their prowess, the observer will note that whereas earlier squads were made up almost entirely of students who resided within the city limits, late ones have drawn heavily on surrounding districts for playing personnel. Whether or not the high school can compete success- fully with Class AA rivals when and if Hempfield Township erects a separate senior high school thereby casting the burden directly upon the shoulders of the youth of the city proper, is a question which future events can alone answer. The opening of the Greensburg Y. M. C. A. building in 1913 was a boon to youngsters of the city and to their elders who enjoyed indoor games and swimming. Many have learned or practiced at basketball, gymnasium apparatus work, handball, volley-ball, wrestling, boxing, and swimming and diving at the Y. With its many other activities, it has sponsored leagues and teams for its members, introduced competi- tive sports to smaller boys and in general played an important role in athletic endeavors. Despite rather frequent attempts to establish them, Greensburgers have not consistently supported baseball or boxing for many years. Amateur, semi-professional, and Class D "farm teams" have repeatedly tried to gain a foothold, only to see their plans sputter and fail after a few seasons. Regrettably, with many surrounding communities or industrial firms sponsoring amateur teams, Greensburg today has no field and no team bearing its name playing the National Game within the city limits. Dating back to the days of the Keaggy Rink, boxing shows have been sponsored intermittently by different organizations, but were unable to,.c6mmand consistent patronage or enthusiasm. VIEW OF OLD FAIR GROUNDS 1799 1949 Keeping pace with the rise of the popularity of golf, the Greensburg Country Club which opened its 9-hole course in 1903, extended its lay-out to the present 18 holes in 1926. Under constant improvement, it is now and has been for considerable time past, recognized as one of Western Pennsylvania's better courses. Hannastown Club, reserved to the use of men only, opened its popular though smaller links in 1916 and has continued to attract its full quota of players. Mt. Odin Park's 9-hole public course, laid out by the City of Greensburg, has likewise exper- ienced such hard and constant use that its extension is almost imperative. Rich in athletic and sports lore, proud of the achievements of her native and adopted sons here and on foreign fields, the City of Greens- burg, celebrating the one hundred and fiftieth year of her birth, salutes the memory of organizers, supporters, athletes and sportsmen, who in days gone by contributed of their abilities to add to her prestige; and to those living, she sends greetings-hoping that they may awaken memories of the welcome applause and thunderous cheers of Greensburg crowds which in the past acclaimed their effiorts.-R.B.M. -208- The architecture of a city tells the story of its growth perhaps better than any other means, although the relationship between buildings and the influence that produced them is not always apparent at first. We must understand the historical background of that city and the forces that have shaped its environment before we can tackle the problem of appraising its architecture. In Greensburg, our culture and environment have been shaped by many forces such as the Indian wars in frontier days, the sources of immigration of our early settlers, the fertility of our soil, the discovery of coal, the development of the railroads, the fact that we are not closely situated to any large body of water-these and other factors have in- fluenced the lives of all Greensburgers since the earliest days, and have determined the origin and character of our architecture. The strategic position held by this region, between the Appalachian frontier and the headwaters of the great central river basin of North America, made it a highly contested plum in the bloody series of wars that ensued in the latter half of the eighteenth century. Everything was chaos during this period, and very little progress of any kind was possible until after the end of the French and Indian & Revolutionary Wars. BUILDING TRENDS During the long pioneer and Indian war period, Westmoreland County architecture advanced no farther than simple log house building. The first communities in the area surrounding Greensburg consisted of adjoining farms grouped around a centrally built block-house, and the whole surrounded by a stockade. In the 1780's, Greensburg was a small trading center or post-town called Newton having the one great advantage of being located on the new east-west state road. When Greensburg became the county seat in 1785, the first courthouse and jail, which were combined in a single building, were built of logs and heavy plank and rough stone masonry. Concerning the early block-houses and "fortress-homes" in this area, John N. Boucher in his history, makes mention of several examples in and around Greensburg. -209- 1799 1949 Restored one room Log Cabin (Coneutoga Wagon in foreground) on property of the late J. Rappe and Mrs. Myers. The largest one was that of Michael Rugh, a county justice of the peace in 1787, north and near the county home. It was of rough-hewn logs, two storied, and equipped with portholes. The building became a supply distribution center for needy settlers, and it is said that during the burning of Hannastown, folk from all the surrounding country fled to Rugh's blockhouse for refuge. It was razed in 1842. On the Michael Kepple farm, a mile and a half north of Greensburg, stood another block house of hewn logs with stone foundation and loop- holes for rifles. All cracks and weak spots were reinforced with heavy planks. Although built as a residence, it was used as a fort on several occasions during the years 1781-1782. Log architecture flourished even into the nineteenth century in this region because of the abundance of timber. Log houses were built in from one to three days usually as a. communal activity with all coming to the aid of one. Churches and schools were built in a similar fashion. A log house of the pioneer period still stands on the Shotts property southwest of Greensburg. The interesting thing about this house is the combination of original log house and additions tacked on at several different periods. The low central section was built some time before 1800, while the story-and-a-half portion was added in 1830, with the upper tiers of logs extending over the original building for greater struc- tural bond. In the New Stanton area eight miles south of Greensburg are to be found a number of pre-Revolutionary War log houses. The log building known as the Hempfield Hunt Club in a grove of pines south of New Stanton is a fine example of log architecture, retaining all its original aspects except for the original chimney which has been replaced. As Westmoreland County became more settled and civilized, so its architecture was correspondingly influenced by trends in the eastern cities of Philadelphia, New York and Boston. The post-colonial archi- tecture in this county was also influenced by the natural desire of its immigrants, chiefly of English, Scotch-Irish and German origin, to build according to their native forms. In spite of these powerful influen- Architecture Original Aspects 1799 Four of the oldest buildings in Greensburg (which stood until the 1920's) Welty's on the corner owned first two buildings, next was Armstrong and adjoin- ing was Ogden property. ces, however, the most interesting architectural remains of the district, are buildings built between 1800 and 1830 and containing no traces of formal style. They express an extremely humble architecture with quiet lines, almost no detail, and wholly satisfying proportions. The materials used were always native fieldstone, or brick fired in local kilns, with doors, windows, and often gables trimmed in wood. A fine example of this early "homespun". Western Pennsylvania architecture is the Tobias Painter house at Lincoln Heights familiar to every Greensburger. It was constructed in 1783 with a few alterations made in 1891. The house is of rugged sandstone construction with no detail except the simple door and window trim and some geometrical wood carving in the west gable. The well known Johnston house at Kingston on the Lincoln Highway is an even finer example. It was built by Alexander Johnston of this county before the construction of state road, now known as the Lincoln Highway; the ell on the west side was added in 1823. The house is said to be a replica of Mr. Johnston's boyhood home in County Tyrone, Ireland, although the influence of early Western Pennsylvania building tradition is strong in the design. The original owner's name and date of construction are carved in the stone of the gable. The early "Western Peninsylvania building tradition" crept into churches as well as homes, and we have at least one distinguished example of a church of this period in the Greensburg district. It was built in the days when our German Lutheran and Calvinist Reform Congregations worshipped together because of their common language and liturgy. There were three such congregations in this district by 1820, all three administered by one preacher. The separate churches were built at approximately the same time, two of brick, one of stone, and almost identical in general appearance. Of the three, only the Brush Creek church near Adamsburg remains. The one in Greensburg, the Beehive Church, so-called because its parishioners flocked in and out like bees to and from a hive, was razed to make way for the present First Lutheran church on South Main St. The third building of the trio, built of stone and located at Harrold's community was razed many years ago. 1949 The Brush Creek church near Adamsburg dates from 1816, and was completed in 1820, by the same workmen who designed and constructed the earlier Harrold's and Beehive Churches. Except for the slightly stilted proportion resulting from the height required to accomodate the balcony, the Brush Creek Church is a fine example of the architecture of its period. The delicate ornament in the doorways, balcony, and supporting post capitals was executed with the gouge and other simple tools, and is of the finest workmanship. The original wine glass pulpit was replaced in 1864 by one of inharmonious Greek Revival design. The old Greensburg tollhouse on East Pittsburgh Street, dates from this period, and was built shortly after the Pennsylvania legislature in 1811, appropriated $350,000 for the construction of a road from Harris- burg to Pittsburgh. The old tollgate rests on a stone foundation but its super structure is frame. The overhanding second story was designed to give the toll collector a clear view of the road in both directions and to provide shelter for him in collecting toll in inclement weather. A table of tolls, lettered on a board, hung, at one time, on the road face of the building announcing the fee for animals, pedestrians, and all types of vehicles. PUELIC BUILDINGS The first building of any architectural pretense in Greensburg was the third courthouse building completed in 1856 on the site of the present one. Actually, this latest is the fourth building in which court had been held since the incorporation of the county seat. Two of its sides were built of cut sandstone while the other two were of brick covered with cement rusticated to resemble stone. The approach to the building was from the south, that is Pittsburgh Street, and of monumental propor- tions. Almost the entire area of the second floor was occupied by the courtroom, and its southern end opened on to a gallery of four corinthian columns directly over the ground floor entrance. A well proportioned dome surmounted the central axis of the building. The Greek Revival style which flourished throughout the nation from 1830 to 1850, little affected our area where traditional forms were too deeply rooted, although there was some Greek influence evident in the moldings and minor details of buildings, particularly churches built here in this period. The old Methodist Church which stood on the site of Murphy's Five & Ten Cent store was built along general Greek proportions with classical trim on -210- 1799 " 1949 The Third Court House and Jail 1891 (this date determined from the fact of the street car and the old residence standing on the site of the Barclay (later Maddas) building, now Court House Annex. -211- 1799 Residence built by Hon. Jacob Turney, South Main Street. the cornice and gables, but fundamentally colonial in character. After the Civil War with the resources of the nation sadly depleted, architec- tural progress took a header from which it did not emerge until the "eighties" when Henry Hobson Richardson and the great firm of McKim, Mead, and White steered the nation back on a course of sound archi- tectural design and principles. The early Italian Renaissance architecture was popular in office building during the post civil war period, and we have examples of it here in Greensburg in the Masonic Temple on Main Street. The "Victorian Gothic" or Eastlake style was imported from Eng- land for American residences, and the Turney house on south Main Street is a very creditable example of this style having fine proportions. The Mansard style came from France and was used in the design of the Stokes mansion, now owned by Seton Hill (formerly St. Mary's) and the old Coulter House on south Main Street now the Public Library. The hotels built in Greensburg during this period oddly enough hearkened back to the rugged simplicity of the early Western Pennsyl- vania rural buildings. The Laird House, Null House, Fisher House, Zimmerman House, Cope Hotel, and Keystone Hotel (of which only the latter two remain and are greatly altered) proved that the early building traditions of our country were still very much alive. The chief virtues of these hostelries lay in the fine spacing of their windows, and the architectural detail of the wrought iron balconies found on all six buildings. In the eighties, Henry Hobson Richardson started a one-man building fad by reviving the Romantic Romanesque architecture of Southern France, and his influence is seen in several Greensburg build- ings. The Huff Building, and Bank and Trust Building on East Otterman and Main Street is a notable example of Richardson's rugged style, and the medieval looking jail tower built in 1883, is one of the finest examples of architecture of any period in Greensburg. The Cope Building and Westminster Presbyterian Church are also of the Richardson era. 1949 About the year 1900, a need was felt for a larger and more extensively equipped courthouse. William Kauffman of Pittsburgh was called in as architect, and on June 29, 1901, his plans and specifications for the new structure, were approved by the court. The present building was com- pleted in 1906, and formally opened to the public with great ceremony on January 31, 1907. It is an ornately built and lavishly decorated building of the French Baroque period, and its cost is said to have been one and one quarter million dollars. Its imposing entrance consists of a great pediment supported by corinthian columns and surmounted by the sculptured goddesses of Justice, Law, and the People. The great central dome over the rotunda, visible from most parts of the city, is covered with ornamental glazed tile, the roof being made of pure gold leaf and glazed in old ivory tone. The building is 157 feet long and 87 feet deep, and contains in addition to five court rooms, a law library, Judge's chambers, jury rooms and dormitories, and the offices of county com- missioners and other officials. Utility has been sacrificed to the lavishness of the designer, and the functional purposes of a court house have been largely overlooked. Like the Brunswick Lion presented by the Emporer William of Germany to Harvard, it is chiefly interesting as an example of what one who had never seen his subject thought it ought to look like. Since the First World War, a number of fine modern structures have been built in Greensburg not the least of which are the city's two largest churches, the First Presbyterian and the Most Holy Sacrament. The Presbyterian Church is the work of the late distinguished church architect and medievalist, Ralph Adams Cram, and its corner- stone was laid in 1916. The church is built of water-washed granite with sandstone trim, in a general ell shape with an over-all length of 100 feet. The main body of the church constitutes about two-thirds of that distance, and seats 800 people. The church is of a modified English Gothic Style bearing the unmistakable hallmarks of Dr. Cram in the hexagonal towers flanking the entrance, the gabled buttresses, and the bracketed cornice running along both sides of the building. The lancet stained-glass windows are the chief glory of the church and were designed by several craftsmen. The magnificent chancel window and the similar one over the balcony are the work of Charles J. Connick formerly of Pittsburgh, who was a Cram associate for many years. The aisle windows were designed by the Pittsburgh Stained Glass studios, the Burnham Studio of Boston, the D'Ascenzo Studio of Philadelphia, and the Castle Park Studio of New York City. The lectern, pulpit, and communion table are made of fumed oak bearing a great deal of symbolic carving. -212- 1799 The Most Holy Sacrament Church on North Main Street is the largest church in Westmoreland County and one of the finest, architec- turally, to be found in this part of the state. It was designed by the Pittsburgh firm of Perry, Comes, and McMillen and built in the English Gothic style of the XIV Century with some modifications. Construction was begun in September 1925 and the dedication ceremonies were held in September, 1928. The exterior is of sandstone trimmed with Italian limestone. The church is cruciform in shape with an overall length of 220 feet, and the width from sacristy to sacristy 112 feet, the seating capacity is 900. The dominant architectural feature of the church is its great square tower rising 125 feet over the crossing. The beautiful rose window and transept windows command the particular attention of the visitor inside. All the church windows were made by Franz Maier and Co. of Munich, Germany and depict the figures of Saints and significant events in their lives. The Stations of the Cross were carved by Anton Schmitt of Cologne, Germany. The new high altar now being installed in the church, was made in Pietrasanta, Italy of carrara marble under the direction of Giuseppe Tomasi of New York. This altar is of the baldachin type with a canopy resting on four pillars over the altar and predella. An interesting example of the lavish use of Christian symbolism is to be found in the Zion's Lutheran Church, which was entirely rebuilt in 1936. Practically every Symbolic Device known to Christendom has been fashioned in wood, stone, brick, or floor tiles (where over 300 of the 400 varied forms of the cross appear.) Neither the interior nor the exterior of of the church is yet completely finished, and will not be probably for another decade. Pave & Bartholomew of Greensburg and Ernest Boyer of Pittsburgh were the architects. In the 1920's were built the Greensburg High School, The First National, and Barclay Banks, and at Seton Hill the Norman style gymnasium, the latter by the firm of Kaiser, Neal and Reid of Pittsburgh. RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE Of the residences in Greensburg a few only are worthy of mention. The Joseph B. Fogg house on Morey Place, built by Judge Jeremiah Burrell at a date estimated to be about 1840, is a fine example of the Greek Revival and early Victorian architecture. It is built on Georgian lines but has tall narrow windows of the early Victorian period with deep slanted revels on the interior. The house has a gracefully hipped roof 1949 The residence built by Judge Jeremiah Burrell, later owned by Hilary J. Brunot and now owned by Joseph B. Fogg. crowned with a widow's walk, and columned porches on the north and west sides. The type of jigsaw trim on the porch cornices is rarely seen in this part of Pennsylvania. The old Jack Mansion on East Pittsburgh street, razed about 1900 was an example of spacious plantation building. It's two story columned porch ran round three sides. The Will Huff house on North Main Street, now the residence of Mr. and Mrs. John M. Horn, was designed by Ralph Adams Cram, and built around the turn of the century. It is of the Jeffersonian neo-classical style whith a finely scaled pediment resting on four Ionic columns. The house was originally symmetrical, and the porte cochere on the south added at a later date. The house of Mrs. W. A. Wilson on West Pittsburgh Street is built in the Romantic style of the late Elizabethan period, and designed by the firm of Baker & Dallett of Philadelphia. Doorway of Burrell House -213- 1799 promise to sell the said lots of ground at the rates of Forty-five shillings per lot, and we do hereby bind ourselves in the penalty of Two thousand pounds for the true performance of the above agreement, as witness our hands and seals the 10th day of December, 1785. Chris Truby William Jack. Sealed and delivered in the prence of Wm. McGhee. (Recorded 12th day of July, 1787, in Recorder of Deeds Office of Westmoreland County, Deed Book B, Page 287.) The sixty acres referred to began at the intersection of Otterman Street and Pennsylvania Avenue; thence South by the center of Pennsyl- vania Avenue and across Pittsburgh Street and Second Street to about seventy-five feet South of Second Street; thence Southeast diagonally across the Post Office and Third Street at its intersection with the alley and diagonally across the Presbyterian Church property to the center of Main Street at a point about 100 feet North of Fourth Street; thence in an Easterly direction to the Eastern boundry of Maple Avenue about 100 feet North of Fourth Street; thence diagonally in a Northern direction across the Eastern terminus of Second Street at the alley East of and paralleling Maple Avenue to the center of Otterman Street, midway between said alley, and St. Clair Avenue; thence in a Westerly direction along the center of Otterman Street to the place of beginning. As Ludwig Otterman's lane cut across the Southeast corner of the intersection of Pennsylvania Avenue and Otterman Street at the M'Caus- land Building and as this was within the sixty acres and two acres it can be seen why he was a necessary party to the agreement. Although this agreement as to the sixty acres was later voided by Court proceedings in 1800 and it was fourteen years until Greensburg was incorporated with a greater area, yet this can be considered the original intended confines of Greensburg as a definite potential town and as such Greensburg can be considered to have originated on Dec- cember 10, 1785, as a County Seat. For fifteen years this gave Greens- burg the anomalous status of having definite boundaries without being a municipality or political entity in inself. For example, when three and one-half acres of land contigous to Pennsylvania Avenue, lying between Second and Third Streets, was conveyed by Christopher Truby to Philip Kuhns on January 7, 1790, the deed in part describes the land as "a certain lot adjoining Greensburg". (Recorder's Office of West- moreland County, Deed Book D., Page 254). 1949 However, Robert Hanna did not yet sheath his sword in his duel for Hannastown, nor did some of the Pittsburgh proponents, including Hugh Henry Brackenridge, for the Legislature by Act of December 27, 1786, superseded the authority of the trustees, but on February 14, 1789, the Legislature repealed this Act and confirmed what the trustees had done and authorized them to proceed. They had in the meantime and by July 1, 1786 built a building of logs comprising both a Court House and jail on the two acres deeded for that purpose and where the present Court House stands. The first Court was held in Greensburg on January 7, 1787. That part of the two acres which was not used for the Court House and jail was promptly laid out in lots and sold by the Commissioners for the reason that some citizens objected to the Commissioners spending more money for more land than was necessary for. the Court House and jail and for the reason that the Commissioners doubted whether they were authorized under the law to purchase more land than was actually necessary for the county*buildings. The present Court House and jail occupy the exact ground on which the original Court House and jail were built. Once it became the County Seat, Greensburg waxed while Hannas- town waned. But it was twelve years until Greensburg became self- conscious enough to become a borough, which it did by Act of Assembly approved February 9, 1799. (Laws of Comm. of Penna. Vol. III, p. 340, Phila. 1810). By Section One of this Act, if it were enacted today, the borough line would begin on South Main Street where it is joined by Maple Avenue; thence in a Northern direction diagonally across the intersections of Maple Avenue and Fourth Street, Alwine Avenue and Laird Streets, Talbot Avenue with an alley, Arch Street and East Pittsburgh Street, and caddycornered through the A & P Super Market and across Otterman Street to a point on Arch Street at about the Southern terminus of the curve approaching the tunnel under the Pennsylvania Railroad; thence in an Easterly direction across St. Clair Park and Maple Avenue at Tunnel Street and Main Street at the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge to a point on North Pennsylvania Avenue at the.Northern end of the railroad bridge; thence South on Pennsylvania Avenue to within one hundred feet of Otterman Street; thence West to Harrison Avenue, thence South on Harrison Avenue to Otterman Street; thence West on Otterman Street to College Avenue; thence South paralelling an alley on the West and a few feet across Pittsburgh Street to a point just East of Vannear Avenue; thence East to the first alley joining Pittsburgh -7- THOMAS LYNCH RESIDENCE Portico of Will Huff House (now residence of Mr. and Mrs. John M. Hemrn) designed by Ralph A. Cram. Also designed by Baker & Dallett is "East Gate" the home of Mr. and Mrs. John M. Jamison. This house built of fine red brick in the Georgian style in 1906, stands on the site of Mr. Jamison's father's home on East Pittsburgh Street. This farm, east of the Tollgate, and hence the name of the house, was acquired by Robert S. Jamison in 1872, and comprised the Philip Kuhns farm and part of the Eicher farm. An old stone tavern stood along the pike and was occupied by Mr Jamison while his house was being built. Built about the same time as "East Gate", by the same building contractors and of the same materials and general design, are the W. W. Jamison house on North Main Street, the T. S. Jamison house on Oak- land Avenue, the John Barclay house on West Pittsburgh Street, and the present T. H. Booth residence on North Maple Avenue. Aside from having the above mentioned similarities, these houses further resemble each other in plan, all having a center hall and a re- markably similar grouping of rooms. The largest residence on West Pittsburgh Street, a street of many fine old houses, is the Thomas Lynch residence, built in 1905 by the Pittsburgh firm of Rutan and Russell. The house commands a gently sloping and beautifully landscaped site extending from Seminary to Oakland Avenue in breadth, and Rohrer Street to Pittsburgh Street in length, the former property of the late Frank Clopper and Greensburg Seminary. The house is built of red brick in the georgian style with a finely scaled, two-storied, semi-circular portico on the Pittsburgh Street side. The house and property have been occupied for several years by the Coal Operators Casualty Company and recently an annex has been built in keeping with the style of the original building-W.W.J., Jr. It is not, however, the few finely built residences, public or business building that are the stamp of character on the architecture of a town, but rather the general trend of building in the community. As appears elsewhere in this book, after the log cabin era, the early residences of Greensburg were of brick, locally burned and available at about $5.00 per thousand. These soft-burned brick weathering to a beautiful rose color, gave character and individuality to the town that was widely noted. A few remain in place. The sexton's house of the Old German cemetery still stands on Euclid Avenue. The bricks of the old Zimmerman house were built by Mrs. J. L. Cote into her spacious residence in Maplewood. James Gregg has preserved the bricks of the Dr. King residence on Maple Avenue, and the James C. Clarke residence on South Main Street, in DOORWAY IN W. A. STOKES HOUSE JACK MANSION -214- 1799 1949 1799 1949 DETAIL OF WINDOW TRIM STOKES HOUSE ARMSTRONG MANTEL barns on his farm on the Mount Pleasant Road; and tihe interior walls of Zion's Evangelical Lutheran Church are built of bricks of the old George Mechling house in the tract off of West Otterman Street. In the period ensuing after the Civil War, however, when the great timber resources of Pennsylvania were exploited, lumber, particualrly siding for weather-boarding became the cheapest building material, and for a period of over 60 years, such "frame" construction characterized Greensburg's architecture. This simple form of building consisted of nailing to studding, planed and tongued siding, on the outside, and lath on the inside. Regardless of the inability of such construction to insulate the interior, it is a great tribute to the Fire Department that no major conflagration has taken place. By the early 1900's, however, the burgers appreciating the fire hazard, began to use a "brick-cased" type of con- struction, At first, this building was a frame dwelling, rough-sided, in wood, against which a single course of brick was laid; later the wall was solid masonry: a four arch course of brick with 'a five to eight inch "back-up" tile to support it. In almost every case, however, the brick used were a hard burned, in some instances glazed, in other "tapestried", in almost no cases susceptible to beautiful weathering, however great the utility. Contrasted with other towns in the eastern part of this and the United States, the architecture of Greensburg has suffered over the past 100 years. Almost none of the stately and characteristic residences still stand. Most recently the beautifully proportioned and designed Simon Cort residence, corner of East Otterman and Maple Avenue was pulled down. Mr. Arthur Schaller, of the Westmoreland Historical Society has preserved the doorway. The stair case and many of the mantel pieces of the old Drum residence in East Second Street, as well as the beautifully proportioned mantel of the Armstrong house in Main Street are preserved in the James Gregg residence on Mount Pleasant Road. Mrs. Alex Eicher has had the foresight to install the mantel of Edgar Cowan's bedroom in her West Pittsburgh Street residence. But the heavy hand of utility has been laid on many of a Greensburg landmark. This may be progress but it is not design.-W.W.J., Jr. -N SECOND COURT HOUSE BUILT WHERE TBE PRESENT STRUCTURE STANDS. This unsigned drawing has generally been accepted as the second Court House erected and completed some time between 1794 and 1801. It appeared as such in the Centennial edition of the Greensburg Press May 25, 1899, on badges circulated at that time, and in The Morning Star of May 10, 1901. Vogle's History of Greensburg published for the Centennial describes the South wing as a one story brick structure con- taining the law office of Henry D. Foster and the County Commissioners' Office, and the North wing to be a two story brick structure, the first floor being the Prothonotary's and Treasurer's Offices and the second floor comprising the Recorder's Office and a vacant storage room. Boucher's History states the first floor was the Court room, the bench being at the West end; and the grand jury room was on the second floor. This Court House was demolished in 1854 for the third, predecessor to the present one. This drawing is open to suspicion for the reason that no -215- I ..... 1799 photograph of the second Court House is extant, and the narrow bastille windows are post Civil War or Mid-Victorian, their dimensions scaling nine feet by two feet. The width of the central portion scales twenty- eight feet and the height to the square forty feet. Such a height for a two story building of this size is preposterous for any architectural period in America, expecially for the Colonial or Post-Colonial. The position of the chimneys could not accommodate fire places or stoves to heat the Court House proper, and no other chimneys appear for this purpose. Yet in 1899 there were many people still living who could remember the second Court House forty-five years before. If they raised any objection to this drawing, it is not a matter of record nor would it likely be. 1949 This drawing of Sorber and Hoone, Registered Architects, was made from the carpenter's contract for building the second Court House. Just recently discovered, the contract is dated February 10, 1794, the parties being Geo. Smith, James White, John Kirkpatrick, County Commissioners, and David Pollack, carpenter. It provides, inter alia, as follows: "The Court house to be forty three feet long & forty feet wide, sixteen feet high the first storry & thence fourteen feet to the roof- One office at each end thereof of one storry eighteen feet in length & seventeen feet in width. Seven windows for the front of the Court house with one door and five windows at the back and with one door one Window & one door in each office. The roof of the Court house to be laid Diagonally & the roofs of the offices to be square-the Court house to have a Cupela of an Octagen figure & the whole to be covered in before the next winter. Provided the masons work be finished a convenient time before." Note that the architects have placed the chimneys to accommodate fire places or stoves for heating both the Court House and office wings. If this was the contract finally followed and if the specifications without change were carried out in the actual construction, then no doublt this drawing faithfully represents the second Court House. If, however, construction was not begun until 1796 or 1797, as averred by some historians without documentary proof, it is possible that during this two or three year period, another contract was entered into. It is also possible that during construction the specifications were varied or dis- regarded resulting in a Court House similar to the other drawing. It is certain, however, that David Pollack was the carpenter in the actual building of the Court House. -J.C.P. Aioj r,4coa~r ~,d , Slcr / I(onJI IcrIV JCCCOAIN6 T0 Ol/L I./PgCITIJOJ or r ( JzColyo Cov^Trousr or ^ a ^ fC Al o mi 1fr1jrmro AcmrTrr -216- I rA46 UUa m II U*4 1799 1949 Trades and Professions LAWYERS The bench and the bar of Westmoreland County is much a part of the history of Greensburg, for since its founding, Greensburg has been the county seat where courts are held and where-until within the last generation-all county residents came for legal advice. In the early days, the bar was composed of lawyers whose early training was in the humanities and classics. Today, with the almost complete surrender of our people to one bureaucratic form of government or other, state or national, the lawyer must seek his training in the multi- tudinous array of practicalities. Blackstone, the keystone of the arch of common law, is no longer taught in the law schools. At the time the county was erected, Comyn's Digest of Decisions furnished the lawyers with practically their only reference book to the English cases, and the early Pennsylvania statutes were concerned more with the development of the State than with a revision of the common law. Small wonder then, that a law suit would be fought, not only to the bitter end, but by a great furnishing forth of ability of the counsel as well. The way of life of a lawyer in the early days was leisurely and gave room for many of the amenities that are today lacking. He was then, as now, gregarious; yet, because most lawyers of the bar were giants in mind, few unqualified persons aimed at the law, for the social graces won few law suits. Rather the patient "digging at the roots" of the law was the way to uncover the means of winning a law suit. In the first 50 years of holding court in Greensburg, principles were decided: facts either fitted the principles, or they did not. The device' of fitting a principle into the facts of a case had not yet been invented. The early bar would not have dared to invent the device, and would have scorned its use had it been invented. This is not to imply that there were not then some shysters. The devious mazes of the law have always been a temptation to the unscrup- ulous, and always will be. In "September 1808", there was published a history of "The case of Jean Marie, exhibiting the cruelty and barbarous conduct of James Ross to a defenseless woman". The tract was "written and published by the object of his cruelty and vengeance", and was "addressed to the public of Philadelphia and the whole of Pennsylvania". The facts exhibited in it are shocking, and if the quarter of it is true, the distinguished gentleman was an arrant knave and a skillful and polished shyster. But that our early legal heroes were men of great stature seems to be above doubt. Alexander Addison, one of the early judges, was certainly so. He was inflexibly honest and just, but he permitted no tinkering with the vessel of justice. He rode the circuit of a number of Southwestern counties, among them Westmoreland and Allegheny; he left a masterful volume of Reports of the principal causes disposed of; and he perished at the stake of political impeachment. In those days, appointment of judges was by the governor and for life. Addison was a Federalist and a strong but just one. He sat on the case arising in Greensburg when some rowdies beset Simon Drum's Tavern, where lodged the joint commissioners of the United States and Pennsylvania sent out to treat with the insurgent Whiskey Rebels, and he sat heavily and firmly. But he was just enough to furnish to President Washington a certificate exonerating Hugh Henry Brackenridge of any complicity in exciting or promoting the rebellion at a time when Bracken- ridge stood sorely in need of such a certificate from a man of known and approved Federal character. That Brackenridge repaid him by acquies- cing in his impeachment, if not colluding in it, on the grounds he up- braided a Republican wooden-head judge of the name of Lucas in Pitts- burgh (who was haranging a grand jury, whereas, according to Addison, he was not competent to instruct them in the law as a lay judge), does not destroy Brackenridges' character as a lawyer, for lawyers often make political mistakes, although it does annihilate him on the score of friend- ship and impale him on the sharp point of ingratitude. Brackenridge, although a resident of Pittsburgh, practised here successfully until his elevation to the Bench of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. In November, 1828, the celebrated Anne Royal left Bedford for Greensburg, and arrived here to make some trenchant observations on lawyers. She thought a great deal of the Honorable Richard Coulter but very little of his brother lawyer, John B. Alexander. Of him she writes: -218- 00 H CAl RE1VSSU3O A'~ S 06e A w 0 0~ Ak cot* ()0 kuak, Aw NE -A IMEMENCLS1,1 "ID HANSIM& (07 ww7w(Dam"D COMUT, EDEM.9 ROODZZ ,REG, 'AMC-,, 1799 "Mr. A. is one of the oldest lawyers in the place and has become amazingly wealthy. He does not condescend to live exactly in the bor- ough; but has perched himself upon one of those delightful situations in sight of it. Here he amuses himself by improving his terrestrial paradise, upon which he spares neither cost nor pains; and I was only sorry that he had neither taste nor desert in proportion to the blessing. He fulfills at once, everything understood by the word purse proud. Having exchanged a few notes with him, some years back, I had a wish to see him, and acknowledged my obligations, without dreaming I had the honor of corresponding with a nabob. I addressed him a note, saying, I would be happy to see him at Colonel Rhorer's. He replied to me quite in the style of a gentleman and called on me the same day of my arrival. But never was I more disap- pointed: a great, surly, boorish looking man, as rough as a bear. Finding I offered him no fee, which, doubtless, brought him, he transplanted himself off, giving me a tremendous frown." Notwithstanding Mrs. Royal's strictures upon him, the fact remains that John Byers Alexander was a great lawyer, a great patriot,-he raised a battalion for the War of 1812, -and a prime citizen. He lived on a farm where Southwest Greensburg now stands and was an early experimenter with fruit, cattle and hogs. He frequently measured swords with Richard Coulter, Alexander W. Foster and John F. Beaver. Of this quartette. Albert H. Bell, in his classic "Memoirs of the Bench and Bar" says "Coulter surpassed (Alexander) in eloquence, Foster was his superior in scholarship and Beaver in readiness of wit, but in knowledge of the law, Alexander was superior of them all." Early in our history, we had, in addition to Addison, two other dis- tinguished judges: Samuel Roberts for two years as Addison's successor, and John Young, who served for more than 30 years, resigning in 1836. The latter was a superior scholar, a kindly and generous man, a splendid lawyer, and an excellent judge. Perhaps the worthiest contender of these early great lawyers was the first Richard Coulter. His capacity was unlimited and his honor unsullied. Wherever he was, he spoke his mind. His conscience was his only guide, and he always heard and obeyed "the still, small voice", regardless of party-and he was singularly successful in politics, serving four terms in our House of Representatives in Harrisburg, and four in the National House. Upon his defeat in 1834, he returned to practice here, and continued until his appointment to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in 1846. In 1850, when the new constitution of the state 1949 prescribed the election of judges, he was the only one of five Whigs to be elected. He began political life as a Federalist, turned to Democracy, and later changed to the Whig party, but the changes did not affect his political fortunes. These giants were succeeded by a generation quite as distinguished. Not only a great lawyer, but the darling of the people of Greensburg was Henry D. Foster who studied law with his uncle, Alexander W. Foster, and who was admitted to the bar in 1829. He was an excellent lawyer, made a vast amount of money, and died poor: as Mr. Bell says, "he bereaved his hand and bosom of the sheaves gathered at the behest of his kindly heart." Such was his popularity that when in 1860, the news of his defeat for Governor by Andrew Gregg Curtin reached Greens- burg, it is said strong men wept. Foster's protege, Edgar Cowan, was one of the greatest lawyers in the state, and the only Westmorelander ever to have served in the United States Senate. He was elected in 1860, and served throughout the Civil War. John Armstrong and Henry C. Marchand, co-founder of a firm which has continued until now, were active and vigorous practitioners. Succeeding these men were Harrison P. Laird, a thorough lawyer, widely known for his caustic wit, James C. Clarke, the first solicitor of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and later the second Richard Coulter, a brigadier general in the Civil War, organizer of the Greensburg Banking Company, later the First National Bank. Other lawyers of this and the succeeding period who have left their mark here were Thomas J. Barclay, who abandoned law for banking, Judge Jeremiah M. Burrell, who resigned this bench for an appointment to the Bench of the Territory of Kansas, and who never took office there, his impact upon this town rather being his delicate taste as evidenced by the building of one of our most beautiful residences, later the Brunot and now the Joseph B. Fogg house, and the fact he sired Mrs. George F. Huff, one of the great ladies of the town. Also H. Byers Kuhns, a nephew of Alexander, Jacob Turney, once a Congressman, William A. Stokes, the chief counsel of the Pennsylvania Railroad in the Western end of the state, a great convivial lawyer and patron of the arts and husbandry, John Latta, the only Lieutenant Governor the county has produced, who bore the hall-mark of gentility, A. A. Stewart, a gifted lawyer whose defeat politically turned him sour, the witty Andrew M. Fulton, the brilliant James J. Hazlett, Cowan's son-in-law, John A. Marchand, a meticulous lawyer, who with his uncle Henry C. Marchand, enjoyed a large and lucrative practice, William M. Given, counsel for the Commonwealth in the Drum murder case, the decision in which -220- 40 sm~s ( ~ ~ os 10~0 AOOe ~V I I S M .44"Am U.'"OK I-*11 KS*5 N0 CWI-aww ow I itei$.& ro"I.g* WrA51 I-S *55515*WtI45 **Q5 An ul ]k 1555551 55 5*550 55 555555555 511 5* BENC BAROF ESTMRELND CUNTYPENA 19040 1799 epitomized the Pennsylvania law of murder, Edward J. Keenan, who was a capable lawyer, and brilliant writer, James A. Logan, who ascended our bench and later became general solicitor for the Pennsylvania Rail- road at Philadelphia, and Frank Cowan, the Senator's son, the least of whose varied interests was the law. John F. Wentling was in continuous practice from 1868 until 1914, enjoyed a large and varied practice and was universally respected as a good lawyer, John Young Woods, grandson of Judge Young, read law with his father, and with Henry D. Foster, an uncle. When he was killed by a train in 1905, he was the last of a family to have practiced con- tinuously for a period of 115 years. D. S. Atkinson, and his successive partners, John M. Peoples, William C. Peoples and John E. Kunkle were lawyers of sound traits who served a large clientele. James A. Hunter was a successful lawyer and a good judge. Welty A. McCullough served as a member of Congress, Joseph J. Johnston, a scholarly lawyer to whose abiding interest in education the Greensburg Public Schools owe much. The leaders of the bar of the 80's and 90's were Alexander M. Sloan, James S. Moorhead, Alex D. McConnell, Alexander Eicher, Paul H. Gaither and John B. Keenan. Sloan retired from the law shortly after 1900 to devote himself to business interests; both Doty and McConnell went to the bench and distinguished themselves and their county by their long and brilliant service, and both Judge McConnell and Alexander Eicher sired two good lawyers each, of whom three survive. Mr. Gaither went into the Marchand firm, and later Cyrus E. Woods joined the firm, 1949 continuing until he began his career in the State Government and diplo- matic service, serving successively as Minister to Portugal, Secretary of the Commonwealth, Ambassador to Spain, Ambassador to Japan and Attorney General. Then Charles E. Whitten joined the firm and continued until his elevation to the bench in 1921. Mr. Moorhead was, of course, not only the leader of this bar, but one of the most distinguished lawyers in Pennsylvania. Four lawyers of this period are universally acknowledged to have headed the state bar: John G. Johnson of Philadelphia, William U. Hendel of Lancaster, David T. Watson of Pittsburgh and James S. Moorhead of Greensburg. His partner, John B. Head, was his equal but left practice for the Superior Court in 1905, where he made a notable record as a great judicial writer. Other splendid lawyers who followed them were Edward E. Robbins, Curtis H. Gregg, who fathered two lawyers, and Adam M. Wyant, all three of whom served the county in Congress; Denna C. Ogden, Joseph A. McCurdy, Jacob R. Spiegel, Judge John B. Steel of the Orphan's Court, M. N. McGeary, David L. Newill, Edward B. Mc- Cormick and Philip K. Shaner, Albert H. Bell, a gifted lawyer and a splendid citizen, alone survives, although retired from practice and who also gave two sons to the law; Judge William T. Dom whose death in 1936 completed 13 years on the bench, Judge Charles D. Copeland, who became Orphan's Court judge in 1912 and in 1919 was elected to the Court of Common Pleas and whose tenure of office was terminated by his death in 1937. He also gave a son to the law, Charles D. Copeland, the present Orphan's Court judge. -J.G. Congressman Edward E. Robbins Congressman Welty A. McCullough Congressman Curtis H. Gregq Congressman Adam X. Wyant -222- 1799 THE MEDICAL PROFESSION The first physician known to have practised medicine in Newton, Pa. was Dr. James Postlethwaite born in Carlisle, Pa. in 1776 who came over the mountains in 1797 with his drugs and equipment in his saddle bags: He had served an apprenticeship in the office of Samuel A. Mc- Coskey of Carlisle, Pa. and had attended lectures at the University of Pennsylvania in 1795 and 1796. As a country physician he was expected to act as physician, surgeon, optician, dentist, nurse and man-midwife. Newton at the time was a collection of log houses with an occasional brick dwelling. The surrounding country was thinly populated. There were no improved roads, regular mails or newspapers. Dr. Postlethwaite was often called to ride through paths in the woods in the dead of night to reach the bedside of his patients. Dr. Postlethwaite's practise became large and burdensome as his reputation spread throughout the county. He maintained his early interest in political history and was a great admirer of Daniel Webster who visited him in Greensburg. His keen knowledge of the Bible and church history caused favorable comment. After practising in Greens- burg for more than 40 years. Dr. Postlethwaite died November 17, 1842 and was buried in the Presbyterian Graveyard, now the St. Clair cemet- tery, without even a stone to mark his grave. Dr. Alfred Thomas King was another of the early physicians of Greensburg. He was born in Galway, N. J. on October 22, 1813. He got a substantial common schooling and was put by his father with a doctor of that place as a boy of all work, one of his duties being the carrying of medicine to patients. Since he indignantly refused to act as scullion about the house and kitchen on the suggestions of the doctor's wife, the mistress of the house, he left this unhappy situation and returned to his father who placed him as a boarder and scholar in the school of the Rev. Andrew Wiley, D. D. of Philadelphia. Following this he attended the medical lectures and walked the hospitals of that city, afterwards sup- porting himself by lecturing and doing duty in the Philadelphia Hospitals. William Brown, a merchant of Greensburg met Doctor King, a fellow Convenanter while visiting in Philadelphia and persuaded him to practise in Pleasant Unity, then badly in need of a doctor. As a result, Dr. King came to Pleasant Unity in 1838, arriving with 75 cents in his pocket. At first he was forced to walk to visit his patients but soon gained a lucrative practice, being able to purchase a horse for trans- portation. 1949 Through the call of his profession Dr. King became acquainted with Dr. Postlethwaite of Greensburg. The two formed a partnership. Dr. King had previously married Miss Sidney Postlethwaite, one of the three daughters of Dr. Postlethwaite. The two physicians practised medicine in Greensburg as partners until 1850 when Dr. King accepted an appoint- ment as professor of the Theory of the Practice of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. He filled that post until forced to resign because of ill-health. Dr. King died on January 2, 1852 the internment being held in the old St. Clair cemetery now St. Clair park. Dr. King's discovery in 1842 of amphibian footprints in the carboni- ferous deposits near Greensburg gave him world acclaim as a geologist. Among his many medical writings his address before the Westmoreland County Medical Association, delivered November 22, 1842 on the rise and modern history of medicine is without doubt one of his most interest- ing productions. At the solicitation of Dr. King, a number of the medical profession met in Greensburg in the summer of 1842 to hold a conference on the subject of organizing a county medical society. Dr. John Hasson of West Newton was elected President and later, Dr. David Porter was elected President and Dr. S. P. Brown secretary. This association in time passed out of existence and the next abortive effort to form an organization was in 1852. The Westmoreland County Medical Society, the present organization was organized in Greensburg November 15, 1859 with the following officers: S. P. Brown, president; R. Nelson and J. McConoughy, vice presidents J. W. Anawalt, recording secretary,; T. Richardson, corresponding secretary; James Taylor, Treasurer; George S. Kemble, J. L. Cook and J. W. Blackburn, censors. There have been several interesting excerpts from the Greensburg newspapers of the past concerning the practice of medicine. For instance the Westmoreland Intelligencer published this advertisement on Sep- tember 2, 1852: "Dr. D. A. Arter, physician and surgeon located in Greensburg with the intention of making it his permanent residence respectfully tenders his professional services to the afflicted in Greens- burg and surrounding country-persons afflicted with diseased lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, spleen, eyes, rheumatism, dropsy, bronchitis, scrofula, mercurial pains, piles, female weakness and irregularity and venereal diseases are invited to consult with him". Another notice pertaining to the medical practice appeared in the Greensburg newspaper on May 7, 1852: "Dr. William C. Lane has moved his office to Main Street, three doors north of H. Y. Brady's store and -223-- 1799 ' 1949 \ , 'K~ ~ / ----I.ZJf ~ - _ The broken lines enclosing the area bearing the figure 2 and 7 bound / the lands of William Jack. \ The broken lines enclosing the area bearing the figure 3 and 4 bound the lands of Christopher Truby. fThe brken lines enclosing the area bearing the figure 1 bound the lands ., " The brown line represents the boundary of the original town of Greens- burg, containing 60 acres, as defined by agreement of Christopher Truby and William Jack with the Trustees for Westmoreland County, dated December 10, 1785, Deed Book B., Page 287. The solid black line represents the first corporate borough limits of .' Greensburg as defined by Act of February 9, 1799. ..... - \ , \ \ \ \\ \,, - Fir.7 -8- 1799 nearly opposite H. Kettering's Hotel". This item is significant because it shows how important it was for the public to know the exact location of the doctor's office in those days, since many calls for the physician came at night by messenger and to avoid awaking neighbors, it was important for the public to know the correct location. The Westmoreland Intelligencer contained this notice on March 17, 1853-"S. P. Brown, M. D., R. Brown, M. D.; Dr. S. P. Brown having associated with his son, Dr. Robert Brown will now be able to attend to all professional calls." A record in the office of Recorder of Deeds discloses the names of physicians who were practising medicine in Greensburg during the term of Sheriff John Guffey 1875-77: Doctors E. W. Townsend, Robert Brown, Charles Kapp, Samuel Logan, D. A. Arter and James Anawalt. Doctors Arter and Anawalt served as surgeons during the Civil War. Also on the list appears the name of Dr. E. A. Fisher as a surgeon-dentist. Medical practitioners were required to register at Harrisburg be- ginning in 1881 and from that time more is known about the practice of medicine. Among those who registered at that time as physicians in Greensburg were Doctors Daniel A. Arter, James White Anawalt; Ida E. Blackburn, L. J. C. Bailey, James L. Crawford, John S. Crawford, Henry George Lominson, William J. K. Kline, George Singer Foster, Robert Brown Hammer, E. W. Townsend, Lemuel Offutt and Joseph Wm. B. Kemerer. Of this latter group of medical practitioners, the name and repu- tation of Doctor Lemuel Offutt remains outstanding not only because of his wide popular appeal but also because of his preeminent standing among his fellows in the profession. He was born in Darnstown, Mary- land May 8, 1851 and was graduated from the University of Maryland Medical College in 1876. Although he opened his first office in Penn, Pa. he came to Greensburg in 1885 where he practised medicine for 33 years and became known as one of the leading physicians in the state of Penn- sylvania. One of the present practitioners of Greensburg has character- ized him as "An institution in himself". A former patient had this to say about him: "We kids started to get well as soon as we saw him coming". Doctor Offutt died on March 27, 1917. A tree in Mt. Odin Park has been dedicated to his memory. Following the turn in the century the improvement in surgical technique in which antisepsis gave place to asepsis and the development of methods of anesthesia made possible the life saving surgical procedures that are known today. 1949 In this era, it is to be noted that Doctor John W. Fairing was the first nationally known specialist to practice in Greensburg. He came to Greensburg in December 1912 after more than two and one-half years of specialized training at the Manhatten Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospi- tal and became a diplomate of the American Board of Otolaryngology and the American Board of Ophthalmology in 1920. Born in Scotland in 1872, he came to this country in 1888 and was graduated from the Medical School of the University of Maryland in 1898. He passed 10 years of very successful practice in general medicine prior to his entry into his specialty. He was a member of the staff of the Westmoreland Hospital for more than 30 years until he became emeritus and recently, in June 1948, he gracefully retired from practice still hale and hearty at the age of 76. Modern research in the laboratories of our country is rapidly changing the practice of medicine in Greensburg. Insulin for diabetes, liver extract for pernicious anemia, the antibiotics such as penicillin, streptomycin, tyrothrycin, aureomycin, and chloromycetin for acute and chronic infections were introduced into the Greensburg practice as soon as they were proved therapeutically applicable. The influx into Greensburg of young well trained doctors from the modern medical schools of our country has kept pace with the marvels of our laboratories and our rapidly ad- vancing knowledge of the human body in disease and health. Post-graduate study at home and away from home has been made feasible by the better methods of transportation and the more readily available libraries and journals. Greensburg physicians have constantly taken an active part in the scientific programs of the Westmoreland County Medical Society and regularly have been the stimulus for the importation of speakers in specialized fields of medical practise. Post- graduate courses, constant reading and study have been accepted by them as the most practical method of keeping abreast of the rapid progress in medical science. Medicine in Greensburg is now, therefore, less static--more dynamic. It is no longer country medicine--it is urban medicine at its best.-E. H. Jr. Doctors of Medicine practising in Greensburg Altman, Louis 3ailey, Jean 3ailey, L. J. C. 3ailey, L. J. C., Jr. 3aldwin, Gertrude 3arclay, Hugh B. 3ierer, William E. 3lackburn, L. L. 3ortz, Walter M. 3rant, Carl E. 3risbine, J. C. Cole, Richard S. Conn, William V. Cordray, David P. Cross, D. H. Crouse, C. C. Demoise, Peter F. Feightner, F. W. Hamilton, James Hamman, H. H. Highberger, Edsar S. Hishberger, Elmer Jr. Keck, William S. Liska, John R. Maurer, John F. Mayhew, J. M. McKelvey, P. G. McMurray, H. Albert Jr. McSteen, Arthur J. Monsour Robert G. Moore, Edward J. Murdock, D. Ray Naples. Louis A. Ober, I. J. Ober, Henry Porter, Alfred J. Portser Iden M. Potts, W. J. Snyder, C. E. Snyder O. B. Thomas, Howard J. Trimble, J. F. Wilson, L. F. Zimmerman, J. H. -224- 1799 Dr. Thomas P. Cole 1871-1944 1949 Dr. Claude W. McKee 1876-1946 Dr. John S. Anderson died 1946 Herewith are photographs of some of the great-hearted men who served this little town in the past. They ministered to every ill from simple belly-aches to minds diseased, won many a race with the stork, performed appendectomies on kitchen tables, in short made the sick to get well, saved lives, and watching over death beds eased the last moments of the dying and were often the first and surest consolation of the bereaved. They were the original psychologists, but were quite unassuming about their powers. Praise God, they did not require their patients to make an appointment to get sick, but responded promptly when called. May their tribe increase! There were others, too, but photographs were unavailable. Dr. Robert J. Hunter 1883-1938 Dr. John McCormick 1860-1905 Dr. James H. Fiscus 1885-1943 Dr. Carl F. Pierce 1881-1942 Dr. Lemmuel Offutt 1851-1917 Dr. H. Albert McMurray 1878-1946 Dr. Edward Marsh 1871-1907 -225-- Dr. John Singer 1879-1934 1799 DENTISTRY In considering Greensburg's dentists, one must realize that dentistry, as one of the learned professions, is a great deal younger than Greensburg. When the first dental college in the world was established at Baltimore, Md., Greensburg was already a thriving village and actual dentists did not exist here. Dental care, as we know it today, had not been thought of and the only treatment known in this then far western settlement consisted of palliative applications to aching teeth to be followed even- tually by extraction of the offending members. The village physician, the blacksmith and the barber all lent a hand in performing this crude and brutal type of dental surgery. There the treatment ended for such things as fillings and the replacement of lost teeth were as yet unheard of in this section. Dentistry in Greensburg, as elsewhere, has come a long way in the past 150 years. Our community has seen the suffering torture of her people during those early days when superstition and chicanery were the prescriptions for their dental ailments. Greensburg has seen the progress dentistry has made in the past century. Here, as in other com- munities throughout the land, were men who pioneered in the healing arts and Greensburg has seen dentistry rise from nothingness to a highly scientific and learned profession. Our first dentists received their training by serving as apprentices to older practitioners following with two years in a college of dentistry where they were granted the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. Today, the course of training requires a minimum of two years (four in many schools), college pre-dental education and four years in a college of Dentistry. Eli Fisher was probably the first practitioner of dentistry in Greens- burg. He maintained an office on the ground floor of the building now occupied by the Jamison Coal & Coke Company, at 116 N. Main Street. Whether or not Dr. Fisher held a D.D.S. degree is not known, nor can it be found where he received his early training; but he seems to have been in active practice until the time of his death about 1880. W. H. H. Wertz had an office in 1876 on Main Street opposite the Masonic Hall. E. E. Henry, also was an early Greensburg dentist. It was during Dr. Fisher's time that Dr. Turney took up the practice of dentistry in Greensburg. He was followed later in the 19th Century by George and Alex Culbertson and the Waugamans, "Zach" and "Ike". Many of our dentists of the last century served their apprenticeship under these men. 1949 To the inventive genius and the untiring research of these early dentists, in a field where but little was known, our modern dentists of today owe a great debt of gratitude. From the bulky plush operating chair and its tin "spittoon", from the hand drill and foot engine, from the turn-key extracting instruments, evolved the modern dental opera- tory with which we are all familiar. As the art and science of Dentistry progressed, the Greensburg dentists progressed with it until it is now possible, through modern methods, drugs and equipment, to give to our citizens safe, scientific, artistic and, in most cases, painless dental care. Early in the 20th Century, the Westmoreland County Dental Society was organized by a group of Greensburg dentists along with others from the surrounding towns. This society was formed for the purpose of discussion of dental problems and to help keep its members informed of the new advances being made in dentistry. This organization is still active and is now a component society of the Odontological Society of Western Pennsylvania. Most all Greensburg dentists are members and, in turn, also are members of the Pennsylvania State Dental Society and the American Dental Association. The next 150 years should bring even greater miracles in dentistry. Who knows? What with all the new drugs and the recent advances in preventive treatment, future generations mav be free from most dental ills and dentists may become but a memory for historians to write about. -W.L.I. DRUG STORES The early drug store was a miniature manufacturing plant. There were no large wholesale pharmaceutical houses as exist today and this made it necessary for the druggist to prepare nearly all of whatever medicines he had for sale. Drug stores were slow in getting started for the old fashioned physician usually compounded his own medicines. Most of the tinctures, extracts and pills were made with the aid of apothecary scales, percolators and filters. This equipment was installed in the prescription room and was kept in operation almost constantly. The general layout of the drug store never failed to attract public attention. The window display itself always interested passerbys. A familiar scene in the display window was the three-tier bottles, the base of one serving as a ground glass stopper for the larger one below. These were usually filled with colored water, one with red, one yellow and the third with green. -226-- BROWN'S DRUG STORE ABOUT 1908 Usually one side of the old drug store was filled with hand blown bottles and other containers each distinctly labeled in gold letters beariiig a Latin or official pharmaceutical name. The fluid extracts, tinctures, lotions, herbs and spices were located on the same side of the store. Proprietary medicines were placed on shelves on the opposite side of the store. The more potent drugs and poisons were placed in-the prescription department where all the compounding of medicines was done. The stores most always opened at 7 A.M. and closed at 11 or 12 P.M. Few items or extra side-lines were carried by drug stores at first. Generally, this branch of the business was limited to a small supply of tobacco, a few toilet articles and a small quantity of confections. Several druggists installed soda fountains and supplied customers with an ice cream soda for the sum of five cents. The large wholesale pharmaceutical houses began to distribute most every known drug in the finished product to drug stores around the turn of the century. This made less work for the druggist and afforded him more time to devote to the sale of extra items. More and more articles were added to the stock until today, some of the larger drug stores carry as many as 25,000 different items in stock, including magazines and nylon hose. Will Brown is generally credited as founder of the first drug store in Greensburg. He was the son of Samuel P. Brown, a physician who was born here in 1801, and resided in Greensburg until his death in 1860. While Dr. Brown had established a large drug trade as a physician, the son Will opened his drug store in 1859, on North Main Street. He con- ducted his business which had a large retail and wholesale trade until his death, when it continued in business under his son Samuel P. and, upon his death, under his son Samuel P., Jr., until his death. The history of drug stores in the City from 1890 is interesting. Brown's Drug store at 39 North Main Street was conducted by S. P. Brown, Stephenson's Drug Store was located at No. 3 North Main Street and was owned by John Stephenson. This store was bought and moved to South Main Street, two doors below the Huff Building and is conducted by Paul Brown, a son of S. P. Brown. The Brown family have been in the drug store business for a period of 90 years. The A. E. Martin Drug store was located at the corner of Main and East Pittsburgh Street. It was acquired by the Red Cross Drug Company and later sold to William Ehrenfeld. It was known as the Ehrenfeld Drug store but has since discontinued business. -227- MARTIN'S DRUG STORE - 1894 A. E. MARTIN, DANIEL BORLIN, ARTU STANLEY The Walthour Drug store was located at about No. 30 South Main Street. It was sold to George Steel, upon the death of Mr. Steel, the store was acquired by Samuel Hays, who sold to Harry T. Copeland and Daniel H. Borlin. It was moved to Pennsylvania Avenue and has since become extinct. The drug store of Harry L. Greer at 130 South Main Street was sold to William Hayden, who moved it to 40 North Main Street. He sold the business to Deacon Jones, who in turn sold it to Harry J. Weightman. The store was later purchased by George Loughran, who operates the business in the same location at the present time. The drug store conducted by Harry Thomas, Sr., in South Pennsyl- vania Avenue was moved to a new building at the corner of North Pennsylvania Avenue and West Pittsburgh Street. It was sold to J. Lauffe, the present proprietor. D. Arter Miller conducted a drug store in West Otterman Street occupying a storeroom in the Rappe Hotel. Later, it was moved across the street and sold to C. E. Hoffman, who in turn sold to M. M. Rottenberg, the present proprietor. The Sun Drug and Rand's also operate drug stores in Greensburg at the present time.--C.F.D.-H.W. SHOEMAKING Not many years ago, the tannery and shoemaking business flour- ished in Greensburg. There were no shoe stores as such although some cheaper shoes were sold in the general stores. Most people in need of footwear went to their favorite shoemaker and had their feet measured as the first step toward obtaining a new pair of shoes. 1799 1949 1799 John C. Bott (1816-1898) An old time shoemaker whose shop was in the basement of the Bott house in South Main Street. He was a stout Democrat. Once Senator Cowan, a Republican, ordered a pair of shoes from him. when he called for them he inquired if the shoes were ready, "No. the boots iss not retty, but the bill iss made oudt," Mr. Bott replied;--evidence that a Jacksonian Democrat would give no credit to a Republican. It required from two to three or more days for the shoemaker to manufacture a pair of shoes and in those days, the task was most tedious requiring the best skill to sew and sole a good, neat, strong pair of well- fitting shoes. A cobbler was and is a repairer of shoes. In the beginning there were no left or right shoes. The lasts were known as "straights" and the shoes or boots of course were the same and could be worn on either foot. It was only during later years that lasts and shoes could be secured as lefts and rights in the various sizes and shoes made on these lasts could not be worn on either foot. After the upper part of the shoe was prepared, fitted to the last, and sewed, a piece of sole leather was fastened to the underside of the last by two or three lasting nails and trimmed neatly around the outside of the last. The upper part of the shoe was then drawn tightly over the last and held all around over the underside of the insole with lasting nails and sewed back to the heel. The uppers and a welt-a narrow strip of heavy leather-was then firmly sewed with a strong waxed heavy cord known as a wax-end to the insole, the piece of sole leather on the under side of the last. This seam of sewing the uppers and welt to the insole had to be done very firmly and tightly for upon this depended the life of the shoe or boot. The welt was then flattened down, standing out around the shoe. The outer sole was then tacked on the insole and last by lasting nails. It was then stitched through the welt firmly to the shoe, the stitches calling for the best skill of the shoemaker both to make a nice looking seam and be firmly drawn to hold fbr if not drawn tightly it would soon rip. The lasting nails were then drawn, the outer edges of the sole trim- med, polished with irons and the heel built, trimmed and polished as was the edge of the sole. A boot was soled in the same manner. -228- 1949 THE PEGGED SHOE The same process was followed in making a pair of pegged shoes as the sewed shoe up to the fastening of the uppers to the insole. Here the uppers were drawn farther in over the bottom of the insole and held fast by small wooden pegs. The outer sole was then put on and held by some two or three pegs and trimmed all around to near the finish. A mark was then made with an awl along which the pegs were driven through the outer and inner soles into the last. The holes for the pegs were made by a diamond shaped awl, the peg set therein and driven in with one stroke of the hammer; a second stroke of the hammer always broke the peg and another awl hole through the broken peg became necessary. As the pegs went clear through the soles into the last, there was often some difficulty in getting out the last. After the last was out the pegs were cut off on the inside and the shoe finished in the same manner as the sewed shoe. The pegged shoe came into being about a century ago and lasted for perhaps from 60 to 75 years. It was not as form fitting as the sewed shoe which was and is more elastic and comfortable to the feet. The sewed style is the only shoes now made in the factories except some of the very light weight shoes for women, the outer soles of which are attached by rubber cement, and likewise so repaired. -E.E.A. The foregoing description of the old art of shoemaking is from the pen of E. E. Allshouse a, member of the Westmoreland Bar, who as a boy, served an apprenticeship in making shoes in the shop of his brother-in-law Daniel Keefer, attending school, meanwhile making his own shoes. Leather for these hand-made boots and shoes was obtained from the tanneries three of which operated in Greensburg at that time. White-oak bark was used for tanning the hides of sheep, calves or cattle into leather for the upper parts of shoes and boots. Hemlock bark was used for tanning sole leather used only for pegged shoes or boots as it was too brittle and rigid for sewed work. The hemlock tanned leather was much redder in color than the leather tanned with oak bark. One of the tanneries was located at the corner of Union and West Pittsburgh Street, another tannery was operated in East Otterman Street near the corner of Maple Avenue where the St. Clair apartments are located. Baer's tannery was near the creek in Ludwick just south of Otterman Street. 1799 1949 6A1R GEO. POTTS, BLACKSMITH. "Tice" Stockberger. Frank Pietly's Oil Team Walter Gongaware, Amos Weaver. owner. Among the first-class shoemakers in those days was William Lynk, who was also known as a crack rifle marksman. He employed three helpers and had a busy shoe shop on West Otterman street, a short distance east of Hamilton street then in Ludwick borough. Daniel Keefer was considered an excellent shoemaker. His shop was in Ludwick too. Prior to the Civil War, George Fraaf conducted a shoemaking and repair shop in West Pittsburgh Street where the Royal Hotel now stands. Henry Brantigan succeeded him. The Bott shoe shop was located across from the Presbyterian church in South Main Street. Swen Wendel had a shoe repair business located on the south of West Otterman Street, a short distance from Main Street. The last of the old boot makers was Alex Fletcher, who for many years maintained a shoemaker's and cobbler's shop at the corner of Mill Street (near Westminster Avenue) and Third Street. The business of hand made shoes gave way entirely, with the introduction of modern machinery. Most of the repair work is now done by machinery. The Westmoreland Intelligencer, July 14, 1853 advertised that the firm of Drury and Wetherell at the old stand of Melendy, Wetherell Company, sign of the Big Boot in Greensburg, sold Jenny Lind slippers, boots and shoes, single and double soles as stock of their own manufacture in Connellsville. J. M. Wallace; dealer in boots and shoes, garters and slippers, ad- vertised as the largest dealer in the county. D. N. Denman and his son E. N. Denman are credited with having opened the first exclusive store for the sale of shoes in Greensburg. It was located on Main street, adjoining the court house on the north.- C.F.D. BLACKSMITHS In the early settlements, the chief craftsman was the blacksmith. At that time, horses were the only means of travel; first in pack trains; then, when roads were made, to draw the heavy wagons loaded with all kinds of merchandise from one end of the road to the other. Later came the stage coaches over the mountains with from four to six horses. All this created a demand for blacksmith shops-the horses needed shoes and the stage coaches and wagons needed all kinds of repairs. The wheels had iron rims and had to be renewed every so often. All other trades were dependent upon him; he made picks, axes, hatchets, nails, wagon irons, plow-shares, axels, hubs for wagons; chain traces, and every useful article of iron or steel. TIMOTHY JENNINGS, BLACKSMITH The blacksmith shop was a popular gathering place for men, and served as a news center for the male population. It was a friendly place; with its double doors standing wide, the bellows creakinig and the sparks flying as the smith pounded the red-hot metal into the desired size and shape, then tempered it in a tub of water. These shops sprung up along the much-traveled roads leading into Greensburg, as well as in the village itself. Among the early shops in Greensburg, were those of Henry Barton, John and Peter Flegger, Simon Singer and John Smith. John Flegger is mentioned as doing some of the metal work on the second court house. Later, Samuel Alwine had a shop on East Pittsburgh Street near Alwine Avenue and Timothy Jennings was located on West Pittsburgh Street opposite Vannear Avenue. He kept a forge there a number of years and sold out to George Potts. Mr. Potts had a specialty of making fine hatchets when not busy at other work. They were very much in demand. When the last court house was being torn down to make way for the present one, a workman found one of these hatchets made by Mr. Potts. James Dugan opened a blacksmith shop on East Otterman Street in 1853 about the location of the present Maxwell Furniture store, living above the shop. Beside being a skilled blacksmith, he was a veterinarian of wide experience. His shop was in operation until 1908. Charles Murphy opened a shop on Pennsylvania Avenue where Quint's Market was located and after a few years, moved north on the same street to where the Central Hose Company is now located, then finally located next door west of the Schomaker Flour Mill off West Otterman Street. There was a large open space at the side of the shop where horses could be hitched and wagons parked. The shop of Charles Knoblock was at the foot of South Main Street where the Gulf Refining Company is now located. He sold it to Mr. Miller, who moved it across the street. He in turn sold it to Link Mc- Kelvey and 55 years later, Amos Weaver bought him out. Amos Weaver and Charles Murphy learned their trade with James Dugan. At that time, a man served three years as a helper before he was qualified to operate a shop of his own. The first year he was paid $40.00, the second year $60.00 and $100.00 for the third year. This included room and board. The charge for making and shoeing a horse on all fours was fifty cents. As times changed, prices advanced. The present rate ranges -229- 1799 1949 anywhere from $5 to $15, all depending on the type of shoe wanted, whether it is a race, show, riding or work horse. When the automobile, truck and tractor replaced the horse, the demand for the blacksmith shop decreased until today, Harry Smith, who bought out Amos Weaver, has the only general blacksmith shop in Greensburg; James Silvis, who served with Smith, and who now has no shop, still shoes an occasional horse.-A.S.M. CARRIAGE AND WAGONMAKERS Among the important industries in the young town of Greensburg was that of the carriage and wagon builder. Greensburg was one-of the principle stops on the Pittsburgh-Philadelphia Pike, and as such, was well supplied with shops for the repair of wagons and the shoeing of horses. As time went on, these early repair shops were turned into shops where wagons and carriages were made. Caleb Stark owned and operated a wagon shop on North Pennsyl- vania Avenue about the middle of the last century; George Potts had a blacksmith and wagon shop on West Pittsburgh Street. Blacksmithing and wagon making and repairing were usually combined in those days. Soloman Eisaman had a shop in Middletown, later moved to Greensburg, and finally sold out to Joseph Eisaman. George Datz operated a shop on West Otterman Street, and Jimmy Dugan had a horse shoeing and wagon shop on East Otterman Street. A more pretentious wagon and carriage shop was located on East Pittsburgh Street on the site now occupied by the Atlantic Gas Station. This shop was owned and operated by Jacob Kepple about 1864. Here was made the spring wagon which was the principal conveyance for passengers and light hauling. It gradually gave way to the buggy, buck- board, surrey and carriage. The vehicles turned out in this shop were in great demand because the workmanship was fine and the construction sturdy. Beside the lighter passenger vehicles, many heavy wagons were built in this shop, such as storage and transfer wagons, milk wagons and brewery trucks. Jacob Kepple operated this shop for about 30 years. It was then taken over by some of his workers in 1889, with Albert Theurer as mana- ger, under the name of The Greensburg Carriage Works. Later, the shop passed into the hands of Harry Guy, 1899; E. W. Kepple, 1903; C. C. Brown, 1906. Just before the advent of the automobile, buggies, buckboards, express wagons and other light conveyances were equipped with solid' Bennett & Talbott Bldq. Contractors L. W. Bott 1910. Seated: O. J. O'Hara, stand- Building Contract ing 1. to r.: Reichert. Talbott, Bennett rubber tires. Most of the farm wagons and heavy drays had four-inch- wide iron tires, some of which were 3/ inch thick. All of these iron tires were welded by the blacksmith and two helpers, each swinging a ten- pound sledge, the blacksmith using his hammer to direct the men with the sledges where to strike. Then the tires were taken to the yard and a fire built around them to heat them. The tires would then slide on the rim and water was immediately applied to shrink the tire and cool it to prevent burning the rim. It is interesting to note the transition from wagons to automobiles. The first automobiles were repaired and equipped in the wagon shops in the early days. Automobiles came from the factory without wind- shields, mud guards or tops. All these were furnished and installed at the carriage shops. The carriage and wagon business was rapidly going out of existence, to be replaced by garages and gas stations. Only small shops remained for the purpose of shoeing horses-E.W.K.-D.L.Y. THE BUILDING TRADES The first houses in Greensburg were built of oak logs with large fire places in one end where the cooking was done over a wood fire. The settlers had few tools such as axes, adzes and augurs but what they lacked in tools they soon gained by experience for the ground had to be cleared before they could farm. The trunks of trees were selected to build the cabins. The logs were hewn flat on two sides, top and bottom then notched at the ends so that the cross logs would fit into the other logs at the corners. The openings between the logs were "chinked" with small pieces of wood and wood chips then plastered with clay mud that had been mixed with straw. Most of the cabins had but one door. *The few win- dows were covered with greased paper to admit the light. Cabin floors were mostly of packed clay or in case of wood the floor was made of logs, with straight grain split to form puncheons. Roofs at first were made of flat slats and rested on the ridge rolls. These were thatched with straw. Later, hewed split shingles were adopted. -230- 1799 Contractor Joseph Pidutti and his men excavating for the Troutman store building 1923. Log houses were unknown to the A nerican Indian. The first cabin homes in America were erected by the Swedes. The most skilled mech- anics came to America from Sweden, Germany and Switzerland. The first resident carpenter in Greensburg was probably Robert Cooper, who was also an assistant burgess. Some of the more prominent contractors of the last 50 years, who built many of the principal buildings in Greensburg were: Simon Baker, Rahl Patterson, Jacob Snyder, George W. Good, Oliver P. Long, James Wentzell, John Burrell, Jacob Spindler, B. R. Fulmer, Luther P. Wine- man, John E. Snyder, the Crosby Brothers, John W. Eli, Reuben and Lewis, W. Bott, Charles Shuey and Tesse Raimondo. Brick for most of the building was made at the Parks brick yard below South Main Street and by Eli Sell in Sell's Lane. Henry Armbrust and John Stocker were stone and brick masons. Charles Stauffer and Ben Beehner were among the most skilled and dependable brick masons during the past generation, their skilled hands doing much of the brick laying work on the First National Bank building and the Penn Albert hotel and many other buildings in Greensburg. Lewis Wentzell, Edward VanDyke, A. E. Wible were leading paint- ers. Levi Portser, Guss Allison, James Cochran, John Light and George Alms were plasterers. Temple and Armbrust, Adam Turney and "Yank" Brown were the hardware dealers and tin-roofers. Most of the excavation work was performed by Ludwig Johnston with scoop and his grand team of horses. Francis Fox and Frank Stark did some of the larger excavating jobs. About the beginning of the 20th century, a number of skilled masons, who developed into expert cement finishers came here from Italy. Among them were Joseph Pelles, who had laid brick all over the Mediterranean countries, South Africa, and China, Anthony Vonjule, Joseph Pidutti, and Egidis Zambano. All of these were artisans of the first order, and most of them have trained sons of equal ability to succeed them. J.D.W. BARBERS In the memory of the oldest town folks today (1949), barbers whd worked in Greensburg from 1875 to 1877 were: Harry Seidel, who had a shop in the Baughman Building on the northeast side of Main Street, where the Barclay Bank now stands; John Muncy, southeast side of Pittsburgh Street, where Woolworth Building now stands; then known -231- 1949 George W. Good (1849-1905). Built S. R. PATTERSON, Builder Temporary Court House (Pollins Building in 49 days; St. Clair Theatre) Westmoreland Grocery (Charley Bros.)) and other large buildinas. as the Smith building. The barbers of that day kept leeches in a bowl and if a customer was affected with a sore, or had a black eye, the barber applied a leech. This was a survival of the earlier profession, for in the 18th and preceeding centuries, the barbers were also "leeches" or sur- geons, the principal early function of which was blood-letting. This function gave rise to the red and white stripped barber pole. John Nimmey, now in his 75th year, in a reminiscent mood, tells of the barber shops in Greensburg during his long residence here; first as an employee in the Joseph ("Jersey") Taylor Restaurant, which noted place in local history was situated across the tracks from the passenger station, followed by an apprenticeship May 12, 1892, with James Monroe, and years of independent work in his own shop. Coming down Harrison Avenue from the P.R.R. station, Tony Guarino operated a barber shop in the Ehalt Hotel, now the Penn Albert Hotel Annex. Turning up Otterman Street came Harry Ingenito, in old Stark Block, N. W. Corner of W. Otterman Street and Pennsylvania Avenue; Albert Butler, next to the Eicher Building on West Pittsburgh Street; up the street a short distance, James Monroe in the basement of the Fisher House, where Ratid's Drug Store stands now. Turning down Main Street was found the Johnny Patterson shop in the Old Laird Building. Johnny was noted for his propensity to play the violin. These shops dated from 1887 to 1891, when James Monroe moved from the Fisher House to the Huff Building. Louis Brunring opened a shop in the basement of the Zimmerman House, which stood on the corner of Main and Second streets in 1892, where he remained for about four years, moving to the present location in the Bank and Trust Building, a period of 53 years. Herbert Stuck operated a barber shop on W. Otterman Street in the early years of this century. During these L. to r.: John Sistek, W. H. Stuck, C. W. Stuck, Swen Wendle. 1799 1949 L to r-Jesse Lewis, Herbert Stuck, Alvie Daerr, Charles M. Thompson, and C. Russell Saxman of Latrobe. Customer in the chair. W. D. Graff, F. N. Graff., Bennett Rask, Sarahl Bavne. Mayme Hawk, Alec Dick, Charles M. Setoni early years, according to our informant, barbers were plain "barbers", now, in accordance with the great strides in the advancement of culture, barbers are designed as "tonsorial artists". Another barber of consider- able local fame was Bill Lewis, who had a shop in the basement of the Odd Fellows Building. Charles Thompson was well known as a barber and as a public spirited citizen, maintaining for years a shop in the 4th Ward. Jacob Sleppi and William Branthoover also were outstanding barbers. Of these barbers, Hackney, Lee, Muncy, Patterson, Monroe and Nimmey were colored. Another barber who has been in business for some years is Alvie Daerr. He operates a shop in the basement of the Arm- strong Building but was formerly located in Pennsylvania Avenue. J.N. TAILORS A prominent local tailor speaking of the individual and collective membership of his vocation: "We know their names, when and where they worked; but there is nothing to tell of interest about their history." True; the man who makes your clothes declaims not from the ros- trum nor sits in the halls of government; he is, however, an exemplar of one of the oldest crafts, and one requiring much meticulous care, patience and artistry. The custom tailor today only caters to the exceptional man, either very well to do, or one hard to fit from the racks of the clothier; yet the time has not been long since most of the citizens got their clothes from a tailor as "ready-made" suits were not available until after the Civil War; and for many years, only "gents pants" were carried in stock. So the tailor using fine goods and superlative craftsmanship made his customers presentable, and some even to appear distinguished. A brief summary of our tailors and the location of their shops follows: Nelson Graff, 1863, S. Main Street, now LaRose Shop; Bennett Rask, 1867, S. Main Street, now LaRose Shop; Lawrence Winsheimer, 1869, E. Otterman Street; Thomas O. Wilson, 1869, W. Otterman Street, now Fur Store, McCausland Building; Benedict Dick, 1870, now Modern Tea Room; Pierson Wendel, 1873, N. Main Street, next to Null House; Charles McFall, 1880, W. Pittsburgh Street, Moore's Alley; Robert Hodson, 1880, S. Main Street, opposite Zimmerman House; Z. Schrader, 1880, E. Otterman Street, next to Dugan's Black- smith Shop; Tailor Swanson, W. Otterman Street, Central Building; Charles Falk, 1895, W. Otterman Street, in Lomison Opera House; Fred Balmond, 1895, W. Otterman Street, now Western' Union Telegraph office; Oscar C. Rask, 1898, W. Otterman Street, Stark block; Harry Breitigam, 1899, N. Main Street, Baughman Building, now Barclay Bank; Frank N. Graff, 1899, N. Main Street, next to Null House; William D. Graff, N. Main Street, 2nd Floor, Maddas Building; Andy Hudak, 1900, S. Main Street, 2nd Floor over Martin's Drug Store; Carl Edberg, 1902, S. Main Street, Clark Building, next to Zimmerman House; Budd Hunter, 1902, N. Main Street, 2nd Floor Turney Building; Anthony Robert, 1914, Harrison Avenue; Clarence Murphy, 1918, Westminster Avenue, near Fourth Street; Ross Rega, 1918, E. Pitts- burgh Street, near S. W. branch of P.R.R.; David Hamilton, 1920, Ludwick; Frank Gross, 1920, E. Pittsburgh Street, Glunt Building; Albert Freet, 1920, E. Pittsburgh Street, Glunt Building; Reuben Miller, 1875, 207 N. Main Street.-O.R. JEWELERS Jewelers and watchmakers have had their share in the history of Greensburg. One of the oldest was the Furtwangler business started by Mr. Leo Furtwangler in 1846 in the parlor of the old Furtwangler home at 126 S. Main Street. As the business developed, his son, Harry, Jr., became interested in his father's trade and worked with him. The elder Furtwangler passed away and in 1909, the Furtwangler estate sold the jewelry business to Harry Furtwangler, Jr., and D. M. Rhea, -232- 1799 The Furtwangler estate sold the property to the McCrory Five and Ten Company in 1924. The jewelry firm then moved to a room formerly occupied by the Rodger's shoe store, now the site of the Wright Jewelry store. Harry Furtwangler died in 1929, and the store was sold to Leo Furtwangler. Mr. Rhea, after a few years retirement, opened a new store for the jewelry and watchmaking business in the Newell Building on Main Street in 1932. Mr. Rhea died in August, 1942. The business is now owned and operated by Mrs. Rhea in the Huff Building at 119 Scuth Main Street. Adam Fisher, son of Dr. Fisher the dentist, started a jewelry store in the early 1880's in the Fisher House on the southwest corner of Main and Pittsburgh streets. He afterwards moved across Main Street to the location now occupied by the Woolworth store. Adam and Robert Fisher, brothers, were in partnership for several years. Later Robert withdrew, leaving Adam sole owner. Due to poor health, Adam retired, and his son, William, conducted the business for a short time, followed by the younger son, Adam, Jr., "Yock" in charge of the store. "Yock" died in 1933. Joe Fisher, a relative, acquired the business but died in 1934, and the business was discontinued. Bruno Reinhold, Jim Schultz and H. B. Potthoff were well-known watch makers at this time, and had worked for Fisher in other shops in Greensburg. Harry C. Wright opened a jewelry store in Main Street in the Finance Building in 1933, and has been in continual operation ever since under the firm name of Harry C. Wright & Sons. Louis Hochberg bought out Sol Friedman and operated a jewelry store and watchmaking shop on West Otterman Street next to Cuneo's fruit store (Cuneo's stood on the corner of Main and W Otterman streets). Jacob Hochberg, son of Louis, continues the business in a store on North Pennsylvania Avenue, across from the Grand Theater. Sherman Braughler started in the jewelry and watchmaking business in a storeroom in the old Wise Building on North Main Street where he remained for about eight months. Then purchased the business of Charles Dick (Formerly Dick & Dick), located in the Stark Block on West Otterman Street in 1890, and remained in business until 1896. Mr. Broughler employed W. R. Berlin and George Probst while in the Stark Block. Philip Baab and William Eidem were early jewelers and watch- makers in Greensburg. Other jewelry firms are the Highberger Jewelry store, North Pennsylvania Avenue; T. V. Tarlo, Newill Building; Chas. Bocksberger, 208 South Pennsylvania Avenue; Graff Jewelers, 35 North 1949 THOS. MURRAY Main Street; Dees Jewelers, 217 South Main Street; Fierst Jewelers, 1032 South Pennsylvania Avenue, Louis Grillo, 6 West Otterman Street; Howard Jewelers, 216 South Main Street and Leonard Jewelers, 108 North Main Street. TOBY MAKERS Among the memories that add charm to the history of Greensburg, as well as a recollection of an industry of considerable importance in the community, is that of the toby maker. One of the earlier Greensburg toby makers of whom we have detailed record is Thomas Murray, 1845-1923. Mr. Murray first made tobies in an upstairs room in his home, located on the northeast corner of Laird Street and Alwine Avenue in 1881. After moving five times, Mr. Murray finally settled at the present location of the business in 1887, in the Welty Building on the southeast corner of Main and Otterman Streets. Three of Mr. Murray's sons, Harry, John and Ed, were toby makers and worked with their father. Other help was employed as needed, among them being Oscar Newingham and the Ernest sisters, Minnie and Bess. Robert Rugh, an old time toby "roller", also worked for Mr. Murray. Tobies are rolled by hand and consist of a "filler" and a "wrapper". Various types of tobacco are used in toby making. Among them are "Dutch" and Gephart" from Ohio; "Pennsylvania Havana Seed", from Pennsylvania. "Filler" is seasoned from four to five years before use; the "Wrapper", about one to one and one-half years. The output for a toby roller is from 700 to 1200 per day. John Wigger made tobies for a short time at his home on the West Newton Road, followed by his brother Charles who continued the busi- ness until 1922, when the sisters Margaret and Francis assumed the business and have continued to the present Joseph J. Wesbecher and Andrew Spellmeier operated a toby shop on Alwine Avenue across ftom the Greensburg Brewery. -233- 1799 Street, thence South by said alley across Second Street and continuing in a straight line across Third Street a few feet West of Euclid Avenue paralelling Euclid Avenue to Fourth Street; thence Southeast across Euclid Avenue and the West Penn Railway property and the Old German Reformed Cemetery to South Main Street the place of beginning. Section two of the Incorporating Act provided that the freemen of the borough residing therein for six months should on the first Monday of May next meet toegther at the Court House and "by ballot choose two reputable freeholders to be Burgesses and three reputable persons to serve as Assistants; also to elect a High Constable and a Town Clerk, the person securing the greatest number of votes for Burgess to be called Chief Burgess." Section four accorded the Burgess and Assistant Burgesses much the similar powers that a Borough Council has today provided that said ordinances, rules, and regulations should not be repugnant to the Con- stitution and the laws of this Commonwealth. And provided also that no tax shall be laid by them in any one year to exceed one cent in the dollar in the valuation of taxable property taken from the last assessment until the same is agreed to by majority or electors at the Town Meeting assembled for that purpose. Section five of the Act provided inter alia that "Said Burgess and freemen duly qualified to elect as aforesaid and their successors for every year after shall be one body politic incorporate, in and by the name of "The Burgesses and inhabitants of the Borough of Greensburgh in the County of Westmoreland.' " Of interest is Section six providing as follows: "And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That it shall and may be lawful for the said Burgesses and Assistants to lay off a portion or piece of ground, on the square of the said borough, lying south and east of the public gaol, sufficient in extent for the purpose of erecting a market-house; and it shall and may be lawful to extend the said market-house eight feet on the street leading to Pittsburgh, if it be found necessary: Provided always, That eight feet at least shall be left between the said market- house and the public buildings. (For complete text of incorporating Act, see Vogle's "History of Greensburg," supra page 26). On the first Monday of May the eighty-two qualified electors of Greensburg met at the Court House and elected George Armstrong, Esq., Chief Burgess; Simon Drum, Burgess; Jacob Hugus, Robert Cooper, Thomas McGuire, Assistant Burgesses; John Morrison, Town Clerk and Alexander Stewart, High Constable. A list of the succeeding officers of Greensburg appears at the end of this article. 1949 The market-house prescribed by the Incorporating Act of 1799 was promptly erected by the first borough officers, having been completed in October of the same year. It stood partly on what is now the Court House sidewalk on Pittsburgh Street and continued in use as a market- house, a rendez-vous for soap-box orators, an auction block for slaves and Sheriff sales and remained until 1854 when it was demolished to make room for building the predecessor to the present Court House. More details about the market-house appears in another place in this history. Sufficient for this article is to say that it caused Pittsburgh Street to be referred to as Market Street for some years although this street was first named First Street. During the fifteen year period from Greensburg's beginning to its incorporation or the turn of the century, its citizens lived and moved and had their being and followed the even tener of their ways as would be expected. For spring water and gossip the bonneted matrons carried their piggins to a public spring on Front Street or Church Street, now Maple Avenue where the YMCA now is and where by 1794 a distillery and later a brewery were started, or to the spring on what is now St. Clair park or to the spring on Pittsburgh Street west of Back Street, now Pennsylvania Avenue, on the Bell Telephone property, on what was later Judge Hunter's lot. (Ed. note: in the early part of 1949 The Bell Telephone Company in erecting its new building was put to great trouble and expense in draining this spring on the adjoining property). Later, as Pittsburgh Street, which was the main business street became settled toward Bunker Hill, the thirsty burghers dipped their piggins into the water of the spring on the Mechling property, which property was just east of the alley paralleling and east of Division Street. For whiskey there were six taverns and inns. The best were the Drum House owned and operated by Simon Drum on the Southwest corner of the intersection of Main and Pittsburgh Streets and the Horebach House owned and operated by Peter Horebach, directly across Main Street from the Drum House; also the Dublin House owned and operated by Alexander Johns- ton or the West side of Green Lane, now that part of Pennsylvania Avenue l1ading North from Otterman Street. Along with whiskey, which cost twelve and one-half cents a gill, was the latest news for nothing as told by the increasing stream of packers and movers who stopped at these inns. If you were a Republican (now Democrat) and wanted to mix politics with your drink, you repaired to the Kuhn's House in Dutch Town, by which that section of town on West Pittsburgh Street toward Vannear Avenue was known, and if you were a Federalist to the Federal Spring House in Irish Town, by which the region of the Eastern hill of Pittsburgh Street was known. (Albert op. cit., p. 502). -9- 1799 GEORGE F. BURHENN Andrew J. Spellmeyer and John J. Wesbecher started in the toby business in 1902. Mr. Wesbecher went to Geary, Indiana in 1909, Spell- meyer continuing the business, until 1924. Spellmeyer and Wesbecher made the following well known brands: American Dudes, Victor, and Shorts. At certain times John J. Kush and Joseph Pore were employed by this firm as toby rollers. It is interesting to note that Mr. Spellmeyer was born and reared in the old toll-gate house on East Pittsburgh Street. John Albert Sheetz started a toby shop about 1895, next door to the Ehalt Hotel. Mr. Sheetz moved to Monessen, then to California where he engaged in the candy business. Later he built and operated the Penn Albert Hotel until his death in 1941. George F. Burhenn was a noted toby maker in Greensburg. He was a familiar figure on the streets making the rounds of stores as agent for his business. His wife, Salome Burhenn, directed the business located at their home on Third Street. She is said to be the first woman in Greensburg to roll a hand-made toby. Mr. Burhenn was born in Baden-Baden, Germany, in 1836; came to America and settled in Middletown (near Greensburg) in 1865. He came to Greensburg in 1882 and started a toby shop below the Laird House (late the Rappe, now the Greensburger Hotel). Mr. Burhenn built a combined home and shop on West Third Street, opposite Vannear Avenue; retired from business in 1901. He died in 1919. The following girls rolled tobies for Mr. Burhenn: Anna Thompson Miller, Ida Michael Simpson, Henrietta Weightman, Bess and Minnie Ernest, Alice Baker Sykes, Harriet Kelley and Elsie Saxon.-D.L.Y., Sr. MILLS AND MILLING Human beings used cereals for food long before recorded history; at first, in the crude state without grinding or cooking. Egypt first ground wheat for food 6,000 years ago. Greensburg has had at least four mills during its history; The Eli Coulter mill at the point near Jack's Run. Baer mill on South Main Street, Steiner mill in Paradise, and the Baer, now Schoemaker mill on West Otterman Street. The methods of grinding grain have varied from the simple expedient of breaking it to fragments with pestle and mortar to the use of two roughened stones placed together between which the 1949 STRUBLE, WALTHOUR & STRUBLE Planninq Mill & Lumber Yard grain was reduced to powder; by the hand mill or quern; by the use of animal power, water power and windmills. The use of mill stones was universal until about the end of the 18th Century and is still employed in many remote sections of the world. The last step in milling was the substitution of rollers for millstone, about 1840. In the early days in this district, as was customary everywhere, farmers took their corn, wheat, oats, rye and buckwheat to the mill to be ground into flour, cornmeal, chop feed, bran, middlings. The toll charge or "take", as stated by Mr. Shoemaker, proprietor of the Schoe- maker mill was 10 bushels of wheat for grinding 60 bushels, the return to the farmer for his 60 bushels being 36 bushels of flour and 14 bushels of bran and middlings; for grinding corn the charge was 10 cents per sack if the farmer furnished his own sack; if not, the charge was 5 cents for the sack. Cornmeal was an important article of food in those days, being very extensively used for mush and as a basis of pon-haus and for corn cakes and corn bread. The Eli Coulter mill was located at the junction of East Pittsburgh and Otterman Streets. The Baer mill at Westminster and South Main Streets was burned in 1892. The Shoemaker mill was built about 1880 by a Mr. Baer who had operated a small country mill near Ligonier, Pennsylvania. The Shoe- maker mill was bought in 1885 by William Shoemaker of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and is now the property of William Shoemaker, his son. Steam power was originally used to operate the mill, then gas for a short time, and finally electricity. This mill has not made flour for a number of years due to restrictions of state laws on milling which require the labeling of mill products as to weight and chemical analysis. This proved too onerous a task for the small millers and most of them went out of business. The Shoemaker mill is located on West Otterman Street, near Joe Street. The Steiner mill was built in what was then Hempfield Township, but due to the expansion of the town, later was located in Highland -234- 1799 Avenue. The mill was built by Sam Parks who also operated a brick yard on South Main Street. The mill is named for Edward Steiner, a native German, who learned his trade in Switzerland. Steiner worked at his trade in Pittsburgh, Freeport and Kittanning, before coming to Greensburg. The mill was equipped with old fashioned burrs, and so used by Steiner for a while, who also dressed his own burrs, considered quite an art and a rare accomplishment. Mr. Steiner attained local prominence as Councilman and Burgess of Southeast Greensburg and later as Councilman in Greensburg after consolidation of Southeast Greensburg (Paradise), with Greensburg Borough. The Steiner mill was destroyed by fire in 1913. BAKERIES In the early days of Greensburg, small bake shops appeared along the main streets. These little neighborhood shops were entirely handi- craft bakeries. They had no machinery, the "sponges" were set in the evening in large wooden dough-troughs. The "starter" yeast was made of boiled potatoes, hops, and sometimes cornmeal. In the morning, at an early hour, the journeyman baker and his helper, boys of the neigh- borhood, took the "sponge" and started on the day's baking. It was usually done by noon. This was just half the day's work. The bread was delivered in the afternoon by horse and wagon and after that, wood was chopped for the oven, shop cleaned, the horse bedded and the "sponge" set for the next baking day. Among these early neighborhood bakeries was that of Mrs. Mary Beatty, established sometime before 1870 in a log cabin at 104 West Pittsburgh Street which is the present site of the Keystone Hotel parking lot. Mrs. Beatty was a short, plump woman with a genial disposition and a pleasant smile for the children who came for ginger cookies. Adolph Block opened a bake shop at 223 Spring Street beyond Katte's Grove. He came from Germany to Greensburg in 1886 with his wife and nine children, three of which were born here. Adolph and Rudolph, two of the boys, baked and delivered the bread. Later, the bakery was moved to the Kunkle property on West Otterman Street. It was later sold to a man named Witt. Uptown, Hantz's Bakery was located at 12 East Pittsburgh Street where "The Wagon" is now located. Charles McCarthy began work there in 1894 and hauling flour was one of his many duties. Later, the bakery was acquired by Bill Burkhart, followed by Antone Steiner, Sheriff Clawson and finally, Jacob Ripplemeyer, who moved to West Pittsburgh Street, and later at 106 West Pittsburgh Street, formerly the law offices of Hon. Edgar Cowan which is still standing, and is owned by Andrew J. Papson. 1949 HOFFER BAKERY About 1881, Samuel Alwine established a bakery at 111 North Main Street, the present site of Sears-Roebuck store. When he went to the Zimmerman House to work, he sold the bakery to Sheriff Clawson and Y. X. McConnell. The bakery was managed for a time by Nevin Mc- Connell and later, Edward Dorsner purchased it. George Blank operated a grocery and bakery shop on Main Street next door to the Court House Annex. Gessler's established a bakery in 1880 on Main Street where the Greensburg Drug Company is now located. Later, the bakery was pur- chased by J. M. Davison in 1900. Ice cream became an additional tasty food for sale at bakeries about this time and many still remember Davi- son's Ice Cream Parlor with its odd iron tables and chairs. On Harrison Avenue, north of the railroad grade crossing and across from "Jersey" Joe Taylor's Restaurant, Laughrey Bros. operated a bakery which was later operated by Peter Kearns. Taylor is credited with being the first to make ice cream in Greensburg. His restaurant was a popular place for oyster stew and Andrew Carnegie was said to have been a regular customer when he was in this district. John Mitinger, who learned the baking trade under Joseph Taylor, opened his first bake shop in West Otterman Street where the Court Restaurant is now located. Later, in 1878, he moved his bakery to Main Street where the G. C. Murphy Company is now located. He sold ice cream, pastries, candy and occasionally bananas and celery, which were then considered somewhat as luxuries. During oyster season, he served oysters. Dr. Joseph E. and W. L. Mitinger operated the store from the death of John Mitinger in 1904 to 1910 when Joseph assumed the management and continued until his death in 1922. Whether the bread would rise had always been a worry to the bakers until the Fleishman Company started delivering manufactured yeast from Pittsburgh. Salesmen came by train and hired a horse and buggy to distribute it. In 1907, P. H. Kirk was appointed to this position and delivered it for many years afterward. In 1903, Jacob Hoffer built a new and modern bakery at the inter- section of East Otterman and East Pittsburgh Streets on the present site of the Gulf Refining Gas Station. His plant marked the beginning of the machine age in the baking industry. It was equipped with the first power driven dough-mixer and divider. Another innovation was -235- ~ II ; ~II ___ __I_ 1799 an oven which was heated by a larger surrounding chamber. It did not need to be heated for each baking. In 1910, Hoffer's introduced the first truck for delivering bread in the Greensburg area. The Hoffers dis- continued the baking business after the sale of the property to the Gulf Refining Company in 1923. The Keystone Coal Company built a plant at 217 West Fourth Street in 1906 to supply their stores at the mines with bread. It was managed by Charles Koch, now a resident of Kingwood, W. Va. In 1919, it was acquired by John Steele, and is still in operation under the name of The Greensburg Baking Company. In Southwest Greensburg, Jacob Funk built a bakery at 602 Green Street and in 1908, he sold the business to E. J. Schaller, who had been operating a bakery on Market Street in Blairsville. During the first World War, a system of honor rationing was instituted by the Govern- ment. The Food Administration in Westmoreland County was headed by John Barclay, Sr. Mr. Schaller was appointed Baking Administrator. It was his duty to advise bakers in this county in the use of substitute materials for wheat flour, cornmeal, rolled oats, rice and barley flour, etc. The product of the bakeries was called "War Bread". All the skill and ingenuity of bakers were called upon to make a palatable product from these materials. The Schaller Bakery was operated by him until his death in 1945 and is now being operated by his three sons. After 40 years of operation on Green Street, the bakery was moved in 1948 to larger quarters at 826 Highland Ave. In 1902, Dan Morelli started a bakery on Washington Street where he made good Italian bread. Later, his son Nick erected a new brick bakery on Jefferson Street. William Benkeiser had a shop at the rear of Rohrbacker's store. He later moved to West Third Street and it is now known as Lytle's Bakery. -Other bakeries were McGwinn's on West Otterman Street across from the United Brethren Church; Harry Baker on Broad Street in South Greensburg, which was later occupied by J. E. Tracy and finally by William Miller in 1913 who operates it at present. The bakery of the Hoffman Brothers is on West Newton Avenue and is now operated by Fred Hoffman, other bakeries were Mrs. Kuhns' Bakery at 121 South Pennsylvania Avenue, now occupied by Ann's Bakery; Federal Bakery Shop, 29 North Main Street; Dominick Vezzetti, 608 West Otterman Street, and Jacob Levi on West Pittsburgh Street.-R.W.S. 1949 Buy U. S. Savings Bonds - left to right: Edward Eisaman, Joseph Mitchell, and John Starenchak. seated: Stewart R. Byers. Mr. Starenchak is shown with 167 pounds of silver purchasing $3,000 worth of series "G" War Bonds. SURVEYING AND ENGINEERING In the area radiating from Greensburg, the various branches of engineering have been applied, in the development of natural resources, principally that pertaining to the mining and removal of coal, and includes railroads, public and private roads, construction of buildings, dams for water supply, drainage, etc. Among those who followed the profession of engineering or surveying in Greensburg were: Major J. B. Alexander, Alex Coulter, Sr., James Keenan, David Fullword, W. A. Wilson, Cyrus T. Long, Chas. H. Fogg, Wm. R. Turney, James Mack, Warren Mitchell, J. J. Neel, J. J. Janeway, George W. Mechling, Jacob Detar, Joseph Greer, Wm. W. Jamison, S. L. Carpenter, George Hutchinson, Clyde Cowan, Robert Morris, Wm. W. Hellman, Frank E. Maddocks, John D. Bott, B. F. Hebrank, David Walkinshaw, Chas. H. Wentzel, Percy B. Rule, George Morris, Robert A. Ramsay, Charles Herbert, Walter Richards, John Wallace, Fred Topper, Reuben Potts, John Buchanan, George Rial, Edward Thorn- blade, Gus Baird, Homer Keener, H. H. Null, Garfield Wentzel, Norbert G. Bell, Robert Gill, Richard Goehring, W. B. Jamison, Samuel Hammer, Clarence Dryley, Morris Ramsay, Lloyd Ackerman and L. O. Keener. -236- 1799 MAP OF GREENSBURG 1820 This plan is a copy in part from a Plan made in 1820 by Major Alexander. The following notes are inscribed upon this map. "Greensburg, August 14, 1820. This Plan of the Borough of Greensburg has been made by examining the titles of owners of lots, by actual measurement of Streets, lanes and alleys and most of the lots, five feet have been taken oft the lots on both sides of Main Street and added to the width of the street. The same thing has been done on both sides of First St. on the North side of Second Street, on both sides of Otterman Street so that each Lot is less than the Deeds call for by the amount taken off. This is according to the testimony of several persons that the arrangement was so made when the town was laid off and the lots sold. The courses and distances here laid down for the Borough are different from those in the Act of Incorporation. I have laid down the Plan according to the boundaries as shown upon the ground and declared to be the Borough line. The seven lots in the same square with the Public Buildings were laid out by the Commissioners on the ground conveyed by the Proprietor of the town for Public uses the want of several numbers in the Designation of the Lots I account for thus. I have seen an old Plan which exhibited nine lots in each square consecutively numbered. Another by which it is said the lots were made has been shown in- creasing the size of the Lots decreasing the number in each square from nine to six. Some of the old numbers being retained the want of numerical progress becomes inevitable. Signed J. B. Alexander Si - a _' el'a1 Ia II 0. A 4I',7 I Ilj.',,I~, S 1.ti..f. 1k 13, = I " r'" _ _~lrXor,i 'tjil U~ gt -237- 1949 1799 1949 Artists and Writers Footprints on the Sands of Time Down the First Indian Path, described by Justus Holmes Pershing, came the pioneers from Philadelphia and other Eastern seaboard centres of culture, their German and Dutch accents streaming along. By way of the Alleghenies sauntered the Conestoga Wagons from Lancaster, sifting the mountaineers along through Ligonier and Latrobe, while wagoners brawled in dialect. And how the Scotch-Irish filtered over The Pittsburgh-Stoyestown Turnpike is the story relayed by John Newton Boucher in 1911. Ten years later William A. Johnston gives some idea of this mingling of tongues and blending of fine characteristics that have enriched My Own Main Street. But who can better realize the strange chemistry of the human heart at work in this local laboratory of mixed races by 1935 than Attorney James Gregg? He sincerely presents his version of "History and the New Immigration" in the WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE; a piece of writing that should be dressed in a sturdy jacket and lettered in gold across the spine. The Rostruon Early writers of Greensburg illustrate the interplay of the antithetical forces regional differences were sure to create, before there were enough books to break the shell of frontier loneliness. As early as 1803 Samuel Brown Wylie marketed through Simon & McCorkle, publishers of GREENSBURG GAZETTE, his treatise of 117 pages, dealing with union of Church and State. A decade after, the Wylie publication was attacked by William Findley, Westmoreland's first Congressman, in a 266 page diatribe, entitled Observations on "The Two Sons of Oil". Apart from the religious impact on political theory there is some evidence of religion vs. science, as manifested by the "King-Stillinger Debates", during the 1840's when Dr. Alfred T. King, flourished as a geologist as well as physician. FRONTIER HISTORY The spirit of patriotism has been fostered in the journalistic writings of the Reverend William A. Zundel and Dr. Charles Maxwell, Super- intendent of Westmoreland County Schools. In the Greensburg Daily Tribune of August, 1939, the clergyman wrote the story of "Fort Allen in Westmoreland County," "Fort Allen Important as a Historical Land- mark," "Fort Allen Protected." Dr. Maxwell states in that same news- paper that "The School's History is Retold in the Story of Fort Allen." The STAR OF THE WEST, edited by Dr. Maxwell, carries his articles on: "The Presentation of Westmoreland County's Rattlesnake Flag" (1943), "The Spirit of Bushy Run" (1944), "The Story of Fort Ligonier" (1945), "Pennsylvania's State Flag" (1946), and "Temples of Justice" (1948). Stephen Quinon, in the Report of Western Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1899, presents six pages regarding "Bouquet Redoubt." In 1866, Reverend Cyrus Cort wrote on "The Bouquet Celebration on Bushy Run Battlefield." In '83 this author described in 100 pages our Colonel Bouquet and His Campaigns of 1763-64. Three years later he compiled the Memorial to Enoch Brown and the Eleven Scholars Who Were Massacred by Indians. That same year he prepared the Sesqui- centennial Memorial Service to Enoch Brown. In 1916 Reverend Cort delivered the Fort Louden Dedicatory Service, and in 1917 the Fort Mc- Dowell Monument Dedicatory Service. These pamphlets number about 26 pages each. UNVEILINGS and MEMORIAL EDITIONS John Newton Boucher's Address at the Unveiling of the Oil Painting of Senator Edgar Cowan, in 1931, in the Greensburg Court House, was ordered to be printed by order of the Citizens Law Library and West- moreland Law Association. His Memorial to Edward H. Bair, Jr. was printed by the family of the World War hero, 1919. HISTORICAL SURVEY George Dallas Albert is considered the first to record the History of Westmoreland County. He could justly be called the first to make history, since his exhaustive treatment covered 4000 folio sheets, condensed to 726 pages. His work has the advantage of illustrations, folded maps, -238- 1799 and biographical sketches. Though published in 1882 the physical make-up of the book is excellent. John Newton Boucher's History of Westmoreland appeared in 1906 in three volumes. Twelve years later he presented a four volume work, Old and New Westmoreland. In 1939 Lewis Clark Walkinshaw completed his fourth volume of the Annals of Southwestern Pennsylvania. When Greensburg celebrated its centenary in 1899 Benjamin Frank- lin Vogle published the History of Greensburg and Greensburg Schools, 170 pages of print and an equal number of plates. In 1927 Henry McClellan Zundel put out The Burg of Greene in Pictures Seen. The fiftieth anniversary of South Greensburg, 1941, was the occasion of a history, entitled A Town Grows Up, edited by J. Wyant Rowe, a Greensburg teacher. MILITARY HISTORY A certain pride centres in the 110th Regiment. Back in 1868 William Henry Laucke, D.D., published through Lippincott of Philadelphia his Story of the 110th Regiment of the Civil War; and in 1920 Colonel Henry Wesley Coulter compiled the History of the 110th Infantry of Pennsylvania, of the 28th Division U.S.A. 1917-1919, a dignified book containing illustrations and biographical notes. HISTORY OF THE SISTERS OF CHARITY The foundation and expansion of the Greensburg Mother House of the Seton Hill Sisters of Charity in Western Pennsylvania is told by Sister Electa Boyle, present Dean of Seton Hill College. Sister Electa's book is dated 1946. TRAVELERS AND OBSERVERS A migrant from the West to the East and back again is Greensburg's Dr. Frank Cowan, who in 1881, published his Reveries of a Rambler, Twice around the World. Spectator on the Island Empire was Mary Marchand Woods, who with her husband, Ambassador Cyrus E. Woods, witnessed the Japanese earthquake. NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW in February 1931 carried Mrs. Woods' article, "Through the Inferno." Just a year before that same magazine had published her "Spirits of the Dead." In the July 1929 issue of COUNTRY LIFE the Ambassador's wife described "The Glorious Gardens of Japan." 1949 FRANK COWAN A former Greensburg attorney, internationally known for his diplo- matic writings, has recounted many of his reminiscences and observations while Ambassador to Chile, and during his economic mission to French North Africa. This prominent writer is William Smith Culbertson. While specializing in geology at Yale in 1947, Henry Wesley Coulter,. Jr. succeeded in compiling a Mountain Climbing Guide to the Grand Tetons. MAP MAKER Another hobby of Greensburg's world-rambling Dr. Frank Cowan was map drawing. His Sketch of Southwestern Pennsylvania, printed in three colors, on a map board 28 x 33 inches, is a clear true piece of topo- graphy. It exhibits coal fields, railroads, oil belts, rivers, towns, and noted historical events. It is dated 1874. Cowan's charcoal Map of Australia, in the form of a 40 page atlas, appeared in 1886; and his Corea, an illustrated monograph, with map, about that same time. REMINISCENCES AND FICTIONIZED BIOGRAPHY While secretary to President Johnson, Dr. Frank Cowan had ac- quaintance with the private life of the Chief Executive. These personal reminiscences were published by Cowan in the PITTSBURGH LEAD- ER, and later in book form, entitled Andrew Johnson, President of United States. That same year, 1894, Dr. Frank Cowan wrote a short biography of his friend, David Alter, Discoverer of Spectrum Analysis. Dr. Alter's writings are world famous because of his scientific achieve- ments. Reminiscing of another kind is the jolly book by a nun aged ninety- two, Sister Mary Xavier Farrell, who clear-mindedly dictated Happy Memories of a Sister of Charity. Her scribe, Sister Fides Glass, pen- sketched the illustrations. Herder Publishing House put the book on the market in 1941. Sister Fides specializes in fictionized biography, "written for children of all ages." Her artistic talent adds to the appeal in her several works, namely: The Prince Who Gave His Gold Away, 1938, the story of -239- 1799 Prince Demetrius who left his home in Russia to become an American missionary to the Alleghenies. Many Westmorelanders were baptized by Father Demetrius Gallitzin, on his visits to Sportman's Hall during the illness of Father Peter Helbron in the early part of the 19th century. This book is still being sold by Herder in St. Louis, and is in its fifth printing. The Ballad of the Golden Squaw, beautifully illustrated, is based on the true story of Mary Jamison, a Scotch-Irish girl, who was captured by the Indians and remained their captive for life. (1930) the Seton Ballad, true story of Elizabeth Ann Seton, appeared in 1945. America's Indian Queen, the story of the Virgin of Guadalupe, a Benziger publi- cation, will be off the press in April, 1949. HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHY and GENEALOGY "The Life and Times of William Findley" is the contribution of Robert Merton Ewing to the WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HIS- TORICAL MAGAZINE (Oct. 1919) pp. 240-251. Callista Schramm's article on "William Findley in Pennsylvania Politics" is in the March issue of that magazine, pp. 31-40. The Genealogy and Historical Record of the Elder family is the com- pilation of John Calvin Elder (1938) THE PULPIT The oldest piece of Church History in Greensburg seems to be that of 1877. The History of the Reformed Church Within the Bounds of the Westmoreland Classis, compiled by Reverend J. W. Love. There had been a two volume work by Reverend Henry Harbaugh in 1872 but its coverage was somewhat broader, since it treats of The Fathers of the German Reformed Church in Europe and America. In 1919 Reverend David B. Lady prepared the History of the Pittsburgh Synod of the Re- formed Church of the United States, and in 1934 Attorney Bell wrote the History of the Presbytery. Reverend Lawrence E. Bair in 1930 outlined a compendium for those preparing to enter the Reformed Presbyterian Church, entitling the work Pioneers of the Faith; and in 1935 he published Twilight, a philosophy for old age. Reverend Cyrus Cort's Historical Sermon in the First Reformed Church of Greensburg, Oct. 13, 1907, is memorable. Church Manuals of the United Presbyterian Church of Greensburg have been edited annually from 1907 to 1910 by Reverend W. J. McMich- 1949 ael and Reverend John A. Douthett. Reverend William Shero's Manual of Instructions in the Christian Religion appeared in 1913. The History of the Southern. Conference of the Lutheran Church in America by Reverend William F. Ulery was published in 1920 by Rever- end A. L. Yount, who in 1894 had circulated The Prodigal in Six Positions. The Memorial History of the Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church was posited by Reverend Ellis Beaver Burgess in 1926; and the History of the Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church in Greensburg was compiled by Reverend J. Paul Harman and Attorney Gregg on the Hundredth anniversary of the Church in 1948. Through the efforts of Reverend W. A. Zundel of recent memory much has come to light regarding Lutheranism :-Fundamentals of Lutheran Church Government, 1942; Lutheran Influence in American Affairs, 1914; Lutheran Church in America, 1918; and History of Old Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church, 1922. Pastor Zundel in 1939 wrote a series of newspaper articles describing the early churches of Hempfield. Catholic contributions include a translation into English from the German of Reverend William Zollner's 8 volume set of Pulpit Orator (1882) and Two Retreats for Sisters (1894) (2d. ed.) by Father Augustine Wirth while rector of Most Holy Sacrament Church. HYMNODISTS AND SONG WRITERS The Common Book of Songs, copyrighted by J. S. Steck in 1818, was printed in Greensburg in 1828. In the original the title reads; "Das Gemeinschaftliche Gesangbuch Zum Golltsdienstlichen. Gebrauch der Lutherischen un Reformirten Gemeinden in Nord America. (This 370 page hymnal can be located by conferring with Attorney Gregg, President of Westmoreland Historical Society.) In 1932 S. G. Eversole edited a 47 page book of Hymns and Poems. From William Wentzel we have two lovely Christmas numbers, When Christ the Lord Was Born, published in 1903; and Lambkins, 1929; and the anthem; Benedictus, 1942. His other songs, A Baby's Hair is Built of Sun, 1927; Orchard Song, 1929; Whimper-Low, 1930; and From the Swiss Mountains, 1945, have been set to music for organ or piano accompaniment. Mildred Gardner's Madonna 1928, is likewise a musical composition, expecially adaptable for Christmas. Martha Breckbill in 1948 had published by a Hollywood House a ballad that might be considered a recital number, Then I Found You. -240- 1799 In a lighter vein there is Marcia Love's (Mrs. H. C. Jones) 1945 publication, Somewhere in Slumberland Lane, and several other popular songs. Bill and Gene Baker have produced three songs; I Believe in You, Music Trailing, and Portrait of a Lady, all dated 1944. Dr. Frank Cowan's The Dare-Devil Yough and The Piper Lad are suitable for parlor or concert hall, the composer states. Both have been set to music. MUSIC COMPOSERS Carl G. Gardner in the last fifty years has accomplished masterful things in his ballad, The Hobson-Arnold Kiss, 1898; Academy March, 1891; Military March, Seashore Girl, 1906; and the Queen of Youth, 1904. This last is for full orchestration and brought to the winning composer 1949 WILL WENTZELL noted Composer 1886-1946 international fame. It was composed for the opening of St. Clair Theatre in Greensburg, 1903. The following year the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra performed it; and its fame marched on. THE BAR Distinguished among orators is the Honorable Richard Coulter, whose Judicial Opinions were indexed by Attorney James Lawrence Kennedy in a 1941 compilation. Mr. Kennedy likewise published the Index to the Judicial Opinions of Jeremiah Sullivan Black, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, in 1937. He has to his credit also the revised edition of the Cresacre More version of the Life of St. Thomas More, 1941; and a pamphlet sketch of St. Ives, Patron of Lawyers. Prominent as the founder of the Westmoreland Law Journal, in 1911-1912, is John F. Wentling, Jr. and his associate William Rial. A flair for biographical writing seems to prevail at the Bar. Attorney Calvin Pollins delighted his readers with his sparkling little book about Whiskey, Ezekiel, and Herman Husband, published by the Cider Press at Trauger in 1945. Attorney Benjamin Holmes Pershing in 1921 sketched the life and works of Edgar A. Cowan, Greensburg's famous Senator, and father of Dr. Frank Cowan. And within the past year Attorney John Pollins has recorded his excellent findings on the versatile Greensburg author, Frank Cowan, whose biography will possibly appear in the near future. A contemporary of Dr. Cowan is Attorney Albert Harvey Bell, who in 1925 wrote Memoirs of the Bench and Bar of Westmoreland. Another attorney, internationally known as Ambassador to Chile is William Smith Culbertson, who wrote among other works, a biographi- -241- 1799 cal essay, entitled Alexander Hamilton, in 1911. Mr. Culbertson has contributed to the field of Economics his Glossary on Schedule "K", 1910-1912; Commercial Policy in Wartime and After, 1919; International Economic Policies, 1925; Reciprocity, 1937; and Political Economy of Total War, 1942. From the mid-West we read of a former Greensburg attorney, Samuel Pool Weaver, who published a book on Business Law, 1926; the Law Stenographer, 1937; Constitutional Law, 1946; and Essential Principles of the Law of Business, 1948. THE SENATORIAL BENCH Greensburg's Civil War Senator, the Honorable Edgar A. Cowan, was a writer in his own field. To his credit are at least seven publications. The name of his many-sided son, Dr. Frank Cowan, is listed for about seven times "seven times" Senator Cowan's Speech in the Senate of United States, June 27, 1864, has been preserved by order of legislation, likewise the Speeches Delivered at the Union Convention, Westmoreland County, September, 1861. Memorable are his Addresses Delivered Before the Westmoreland Agricultural Society; and the Addresses Delivered Before the Pennsylvania State Agricultural at its Exhibition and Meeting at Williamsport; Lycoming County, September, 1865. Senator Cowan's fame rests especially on his post-war solution to the reconstruction question of 1866. His book, The Constitution Is the True Remedy, is convincing. Perhaps it accounts for the research center- ing of Edgar A. Cowan in some of the universities of today. THE PLATFORM, POLITICS and PROBLEMS Greensburg has always taken the healthy outlook on' current prob- lems of the day, whether the time was the first half of the nineteenth century or the 49th year of the twentieth. Back in the pre-Jacksonian period two outstanding citizens expressed their honest American views on topics relevant to the age. With revered regard citizens read the Democratic convictions of the Honorable Richard Coulter, first citizen of Greensburg, and the Federalistic opinions of Dr. James Postle- thwaite, first physician of Westmoreland County, Newspapers took sides according to their policy regarding the anti-Masonic Party and the political campaign. 1949 As late as 1938 a book on Third Parties in Pennsylvania, 1840-1860, was published at Catholic University, the doctoral research of Sister Theophane Geary, professor of History at Seton Hill. In 1948 Alice Sturgeon Maddocks, Greensburg life-long resident, takes up the study of the "Taverns of Greensburg Back to 1784". And in 1949 we hear from another Greensburg native, Dr. Martin Nelson McGeary, now professor of Political Science at Penn State College. The Institute of Local Government has just published the Report of Dr. McGeary's searching study on Licensed Clubs. He terms them "Real 'Problem Children' of the State Liquor Board". Greens- burgers recall with satisfaction the 1940 book of Dr. McGeary. Its subject is The Development of Congressional Investigative Power. 'The Coal Situation in Westmoreland County"-This is definitely a concern to Greensburg residents. William Wible Jamison handles it adriotly in his paper presented before the Westmoreland Historical Society and released for publication in 1949. And lest we are unaware of the canal skirting Livermore and running through certain areas of Westmoreland County, Frank E. Maddocks, civil engineer of Greensburg, writes of it in his description of "Canals of Pennsylvania". To protect the God-given natural resources as well as the rights of man there is a court of justice. Elmer Faber portrays the local angle of this penal code in his forthright story of the Greensburg police, Behind the Law, (1934). THE DESK Dr. Charles Frederick Maxwell, editor of the STAR OF THE WEST, official annual of Westmoreland County School publications, not only presents his ideas, but encourages teachers and students to set their thoughts into print. Dr. Maxwell's "Evaluation of Achievement Tests" is indeed sound reading. Dr. Daniel R. Sullivan, while president of Seton Hill College con- tributed regularly to the BRITISH LABOR JOURNAL. Because of his literary association with MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, he was honored as Fellow of the Royal Society. -242- 1799 Many of the Address delivered by the late President Reeves were reproduced in the Proceedings of the Educational Societies with which his administrative duties affiliated him. In 1935 the National Council of Catholic Men, Washington, D. C. released a 27 page pamphlet con- taining the Reeves version of Christian Education. WOMAN'S HOME COMPANION (March 1941) carried the second article of Dr. Reeves on Religion in a Democracy, captioned "Freedom To Be Tolerant". The chapter on Bishop Hugh C. Boyle in Catholic Pittsburgh's Hundred Years (1943) is a tribute of the Reverend Reeves to his ecclesiastical supericr. "The Office of the President" published in PROCEEDINGS of the Workshop on Co-Education, June 27, 1946, is his chapter in the DeFerrari book on College Organization. Reverend Carl Hensler, Sociologist, deals with the "Nationalization of Property and Christian Social Teaching". He challenges: "Does the Church Approve the American Economic System?" and raises the questions: "Can American Industry Pay the Family Living Wage?" and "What Makes Juvenile Delinquency?". Dr. Helen Potter, Economics Professor at Seton Hill, in JOURNAL OF AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN tells of "The Teacher's Recompense" and in SCHOOL AND SOCIETY says: "I Am Happy To Be a Teacher". Dr. Potter has published The History of Worker's Education in United States, through the Bureau (F.E.RA..) Washington, D. C., 1934. This pamphlet as well as The Marshall Plan, a 48 page report on economic life has been translated. LES RELATIONS, a French journal, (Volume 8, 1948) lists the latter work, Le Plan Marsh- all". INTERNATIONAL TONGUES Professor J. Beamer, teacher of the early schools, has left a legacy of 264 pages, a Book of Proverbs, "containing 7000 gems", printed in Greensburg, 1904. Dr. Frank Cowan in 1894 published a Dictionary of the Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases of the English Language. Earlier he had composed a collection of English Words in the South Sea Languages, Hawaiian, Maori, Tahitian, and Australian; and in 1881 had written The Science of Lang- uage in Plain Terms. In the last twenty years, Sister Marie Elise Blouin, Officier d'Acad- emie, Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur, has contributed to periodicals with international circulation. In 1930 the first appeared in ENSEIGNE- MENT CHRETIEN, a Paris publication. The article, "L'Enseignment 1949 du Francais les Institutions Religiuses aus Etat-Unis", was followed in 1933 by "La Mort du Latin aux Etats-Unis". A few articles on "The Mastery of the French Language" were accepted by LE TRAVILLEUR (April 1940). In 1942 Sister's Eclectic Method of Teaching French was printed for the use of teachers. The doctoral thesis, Louis Mercier-Ou L'Ame Catholique et Pausanne de La France was published in Revue Presentine, St. Hyacinthe, Canada, 1935. Sister Joseph Mary Cousins, after meeting at the Sorbonne the distinguished scholar, M. Louis Bertand, has released valuable informa- tion, culled from first hand knowledge, in her 1948 book written in French, Le Sentiment Chretien dans L'Oeuvre de Louis Bertrand. This piece of literary criticism is sold in Montreal and the United States as part of the "Herminie" collection. Sister Serafina Mazza, while researching in the field of Catholic Italian periodicals, wrote the story of Li Frontespizio, entitled Not for Arts Sake, a Crown Press publication, 1948. Sister Rose de Lima Henry, native daughter of Greensburg, Professor of Greek at Seton Hill College, completed in 1943, her research in The Late Greek Optative and Its Use in the Writings of Gregory Nazianzen. Sister De Chantal Leis has contributed to CLASSICAL WEEKLY. One of her items is a constructive criticism of the Bieter dissertation, centering on "Cassiodorus". THE LABORATORY CHEMISTRY Dr. Jane Dick Meyer, resident of Greensburg and garduate of the Johns Hopkins University, has co-edited with Dr. E. Emmet Reid, a book on the Organic Sulfur Compounds, a 1949 release. Dr. Meyers' other contributions to scientific literature include: "Oleyl Alcohol" (ORGAN SYNTHESIS, vol. 15, 1935); "The Higher Alcohols and Their Physical Constants" (THE HIGHER ALCOHOLS, 1932); "Ismorphism and Alternation in the Melting Points of the Normal Alcohols" (JOUR- NAL OF AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 55, 1933); and "Effect of 18 Normal Alphabetic Alcohols in the Growth of Lupinus Albus", co-authored with David I. Maght, published in AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, vol. 20, 1933. Sister Mary Dorcas Smith carries a three-page write-up on "Theories of Electrolytic Solutions" in SCIENCE COUNSELOR, September, 1937). -243- 1799 If you became stricken with the "ague" or the "shakes" and "yarbs" proved futile, you secured the services of the town's only physician, Dr. James Postlethwaite, who had come over from Carlisle as a surgeon with the Whiskey Insurrection Army in '94, and who later lived on the South- east corner of Main and Second Streets. As a child you had your meager schooling at a log school house on North Maple Avenue at St. Clair Park and you played ball on the commons between Third Street and the old German-Reformed Cemetery. When you became old enough for malitia duty you drilled on the "Bullet Ground" Southeast of town by the hill of South Main Street. You were either German or Scotch-Irish, and if the former you went to church at the combined German-Reformed Lutheran Church built of logs on the Northwest corner of Main Street and Third Street, near the site of the present First Lutheran Church, heard a sermon in German, and you were buried in the Old German Re- formed Cemetery further South on Main Street; and if you were the latter, you went to Church in the school house on North Maple Avenue on the site of St. Clair Park and heard a sermon in English, and you were buried on the same site. Regardless of which, your final destination was the same,-then as now. Greensburg on occasion was a lively place. Sally Hastings, nee Sarah Anderson, traveled through Greensburg in 1800, during which she maintained a descriptive account of a family tour to the West and in which appears the following: "(October 27. (1800) Yesterday, about noon, the Sun began to exert his benign Influence upon the inclement skies and frozen earth. Bidding adieu to our unpleasant Lodging, we joyfully continued our Journey; and arrived at Greensburg about dark. Yesterday, being the day of a Public Review, the Town was full of riotous People, We therefore thought it advisable to pass onward to a Place of more quietness ...... "There are public Races in Greensburg; and the Beaux are flocking into Town by dozens. It seems singular to me, that they are principally in Uniform, and have the air of Gentlemen. I am told that there is a Garrison at Pittsburgh; and this may, in some degree, account for the military Appearance which the public Roads exhibits." (Pen Pictures of Early Western Pennsylvania by John W. Harpster, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1938). As Western Pennsylvanians were definitely antifederalist and democratic both in their way of life and politics, so were the people of Greensburg. The record shows that a majority of the people were opposed to the federal excise tax on whiskey and sympathized with the position taken by the whiskey insurrectionists in refusing to pay the tax, yet they 1949 did not generally condone and participate in the riotous lawlessness of the insurrectionists. In an attempt to avert the use of force in quelling the insurrection, which finally had to be used, the federal and state government in the summer of 1794 required that the citizens of South- western Pennsylvania sign amnesty oaths similar to oaths of allegiance. At Greensburg, only eighty out of a meeting of three hundred signed, no doubt many not signing through fear of harm from the insurrectionist. In September Term of Court, 1795; Jacob Cribs, Daniel Harold and eleven others were tried on an indictment "for a riot committed 3rd September, 1794, in besitting the doors and windows of the house of Simon Drum in the town of Greensburgh, throwing stones etc. at the doors and windows with intent to beat, wound, tar and feather, and evilly entreat Jasper Yeates and William Bradford, Commissioners on the part of the United States, and Thomas McKean and William Irwin, Commissioners on the part of the State of Pennsylvania, to confer with the citizens West of the mountains." Nine of these defendants were con- victed and four were acquitted (1-Addison's Report, page 277) who were pardoned by Governor Mifflin (Pa. Arch. 9th Series, p. 1089). These Commissioners had been sent to Southwest Pennsylvania for the purpose of negotiating a settlement of the insurrection. It must be remembered that there were sixteen distilleries in Hemp- field Township making whiskey aside from the many private stills, in reference to which William Findley, Westmoreland's first Congressman stated that while traveling through the County you never lose sight of the smoke of a still. Yet as early as May, 1794 thirty citizens of Hemp- field Township, including many Greensburgers petitioned General William Jack, the malitia leader, requesting him to muster a small corp of Malitia volunteers "to supplement the "voluntary associations" in supressing the riots. In response to this but significantly much later and on September 22, 1794, William Jack wrote Governor Mifflin stating that the people of the County were generally averse to the duty on spirits and revolted at the idea of submitting to the excise law upon the terms of settlement proposed by the Commissioners. He further stated as follows: "Considerable pains were used at this place (Greensburg) to procure the signing required, and I firmly believe but for the steady countenance and determination of a few among us, no signing at all would have taken place. The Germans who are thick settled in this Neighborhood, being from ignorance of our language, more easily im- posed upon, were extremely unwilling and even shewed a disposition which I did not expect from these habits of Industry to which they are used. -10- 1799 Sister Hildebert Muddler, likewise in SCIENCE COUNSELOR records her "Notes from Ten Years" Teaching Chemistry". BIOLOGICAL-PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Dr. Frank Cowan as early as 1865 wrote about Curious Facts in the History of Insects; also The Physique of the United States Senate at the Close of the War. In 1881 Dr. Cowan published his studies on The Func- tions of the Spleen, the Thyroid and Thymus Glands, and the Supra-Renal Capsules. Sister Florence Marie Scotts' Studies on the Later Embryonic Develop- ment of Tuniscata; Botryllus Schlosseri and Amaroecium Constellatum, 53 page illustrated doctoral dissertation was published by Columbia University, 1934. She has also had published in BIOLOGICAL BULLE- TIN, (1945-1946) the "Developmental History of Constellatum Am- aroecium". DR. KING, THE NATURAL SCIENTIST Granting that Dr. Alfred T. King on November 2, 1842 delivered to the Westmoreland County Medical Society a most informative paper on "The Rise and History of Medicine" and wrote about "Asiatic Cholera, Cancer, Bronchitis, and Scrofula", his professional literature deals primarily with Geology. Always his treatment of subject is scholarly, though he has the gift of presenting his findings in popular, readable style. On "The Importance of a Well Directed Education" and "A Brief Philosophy of Storms" and "The History of Tornadoes" this early physician-geologist writes fluently. Sir Charles Lyell, while on an American exploration tour from London, visited Greensburg to convince himself of Dr. King's findings. in the Manual of Geology, published by Harper of New York, 1871, Sir Charles supports King's statement regarding footprints of a large reptile in the coal strata of Greensburg. This reference to "Cheirotherian Foot- prints in Coal Measures, United States" appears on p. 407. In 1863 Dr. King had made known through James D. Dana's Manual of Geology early findings of another species of amphibean creatures called "Thenaropus Heterodactylus" (cf. p. 351) Professor Stillman in AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE (1845) comments on the illustrated drawings that always accompanied King's reports crediting him with framing a nemenclature new and attractive; and arranging tracks under classes and orders genera and species. 1949 Some of Dr. King's illustrated discoveries are published in the PROCEEDINGS of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia (November/December, 1844) and in AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE (January/February/March, 1845) PHYSICIANS OF TODAY MEDICAL LITERATURE Contemporary Greensburg native sons in the medical profession are vitally concerned with the age-old maladies. Dr. Edward Leroy Bortz in 1944 revised for the third time his 304 page book on Diabetes. It is enlarged and carries colored plates. Dr. Bortz is the assistant editor of the Cyclopedia of Medicine, a 15 volume set which cumulates annually. In 1928 he published an authorized translation of the Alexander Cemach Surgical Diagnosis in Tabular Outline for Students and Physicians. Dr. Walter Bortz contributed to the Cyclopedia of Medicine in 1939 valuable information on "Botulism", "Aplastic Anemia", "Headache". Other articles on "Juvenile Diabetes" and "The History of Diabetes" he wrote for his brother's book on that subject. Dr. Donald Bortz collaborated with Dr. Russell Haden in presenting the "Treatment of Ideopathic Pernicious Anemia", which appeared in full in JOURNAL OF AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, volume 138, 1948. Dr. Donald Bortz published in April 1948, volume 15 of CLEVELAND CLINIC QUARTERLY his results regarding "Polycythemia Vera Rubra Treated with Nitrogen Mustard". Dr. Elmer Highberger, Jr. in 1935, volume 34 of ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY and PSYCHIATRY, presented a dozen pages on "Hemi- plegia with the Leg in Flexion". In April 1940 AMERICAN REVIEW OF TUBERCULOSIS, volume 41, published his article, "Portable Pneumothorax Apparatus". The journal, DISEASES OF THE CHEST, printed his "Remarks of the Patient-Physician Relationship in Tuber- culosis", (1940). Earlier that publication gave out "Some Problems in the Early Diagnosis and Early Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis". These listings are just a few of the many Dr. Highberger has written. LITERATURE AND ART Classical writer and scholar in the realm of the Augustinian Age is the new President of Seton Hill College. At present he is projecting an extensive work on Petrarch and Christianity. His translation from the -244- 1799 Latin of Jacobus de Voraigne, a two volume set of The Golden Legend, was published by Longmans in 1941. "The Education of the Medieval Woman"--by President Ryan, came off the press in 1948. The Inaugural Booklet containing the complete program and the "Inaugural Address of President William Granger Ryan, November 11, 1948" is a recent circulation. Sister Thecla Schmidt, scholar of Thomas More; has published several articles on the English martyr. In MODERN LANGUAGE NOTES (December '46) is a resume of her "Saint Thomas More and the Cetena Aurea". The magazine, AMERICA, carried "Saint Thomas More and the Medieval Devil"; also "The Unknown Saint Patrick", and "Souls in Supplication". CATHOLIC WORLD (January 1947) published "New Corn from an Old Field". THE NOVEL Greensburg claims two novelists whose books have been preserved at the Library of Congress, if nowhere else. Listed in Burke's American Authors and Books, 1640-1940, is Dr. Frank Cowan, Native and resident. His novels that have been located are: Zomara, a romance of Spain (1873) embellished with wood engravings and lithograph of the author; Jane Jansen, the story of a woman's heritage in the heart of Appalachia (1895); An American Story Book (1881); The Millionaire: and Revi Lona, or The Romance of Love in a Marvelous Land. The latter two are not dated. Less known than Frank Cowan is William Bernard Conway, author of A Cottage on the Cliff, 1838 a tale of the American Revolution. Mr. Conway served at the Bar of Greensburg and lived here many years before he was delegated to launch the Territory of Iowa. There he wrote verse that has been published as the poetry of the "Iowa Minstrel". *The Cowan novels are available at Seton Hill College and Greensburg Public Library. Only one copy of the Conway book has been traced. It is in Washington, D. C. VERSE WRITERS From the earliest times writing reflects the locale of a people. Widen- ing of horizons is definitely evident in the poetry of Greensburg. From the first press releases of the newspaper in 1799 there is evidence that folks were setting their thoughts to verse. There was a demureness that too often led the writer to hide identity in a pen nane. Even the men Cover of Frank Cowan's Christmas Story "Zomara" -245- b 1799 were sometimes reticent. As a result the first recognized poetry is that of Dr. Frank Cowan whose Arthur St. Clair is dated 1874. In '78 he published through his own Job Office a 474 page book, Southwestern Pennsylvania in Song and Story. His American Book of Ballads came out in 1882. Both books are regional in tone. The two volume set of Frank Cowan's Poetical Works deals realistically with scenes from everyday life, and partly with reveries of his rambles. Gettysburg, printed in 1887, is military in tone. Reverend John Franklin Bair is another local poet whose two volumes of collected verse bear an original copyright of 1898, and several reprintings. Reverend Cyrus Cort's Response to "The Blue Juniata" and other poems were written in 1902. Ambrose Diehl and Mrs. Lizzie Johnston Sarver, contemporary verse makers, give out sacred lines. The man dreams of Peace, Beautiful Peace! The Lady Prays: Thy Will Be Done! The Victorian generation will recall Mrs. Sarver's verse in the Argus, under the pseudonym, Marie Agnestine. Margaret Bell and Betsy Mann Collins, of a later generation, have contributed to anthologies and magazines. Miss Bell tells of "Apple Blossoms", "Lovely Lights","The Death of Summer" and "Farewells". Mrs. Collins writes for COUNTRY GENTLEMAN about "Hospitality" and "An Old Classmate". In the Fort Ligonier Poetry Anthology we read "Christmas Time" and also "Reminiscences" by Mrs. Glenn Hyde. Sara Graves writes of "Vagabondage". In Braithwaite's 1931 book, Our Lady's Choir, Sister Claudia Glenn Ias two poems: "Washington, Napoleon, Bronson"; and "Strang- ers in Golgotha". Sister Thecla Schmidt had a "Song for Epiphany" in AMERICA, January 11, 1941; and "Evening Song for Autum", October 28, 1944. GREENSBURG'S PRIZE-WINNING POET David Leroy Yount in 1948 won first award in the Boswell Poetry Contest sponsored by the Fifth Annual Writer's Conference of the Medill School of Journalism, Northwestern University. The prize was given by the Boswell Club for the best short poem on the humanistic personality of the biographer of Samuel Johnson. 1949 Mr. Yount's 250 page book of Selected Poems is being published by Dorance Company of Philadelphia this spring (1949). Other poems that have brought renown to Mr. Yount are: "The Country Parson", "Forbes Road", "Reveries of One Who Is Blind", "Stephen Collins Foster", "Tom Johnson", "The :Pioneer's Return", "Portraits in Verse" and many others. The last named is a group of four poems that appeared in DIAPASON, February 1, 1944. This is the official organ of the'American Guild of Organists. Some of the Yount verse has been seen in THE POETRY REVIEW, THE POTTER'S WHEEL, THE MUSICAL FORECAST, THE SEER, and also THE MONTHLY BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF PENNSYLVANIA. ARTIST-POET Charles Fletcher specialized in picture words. His monographs include: The Flight of the Byerlys, A Touch of the Alleghenies, A Little Tale of Roaring Run, Greensburg, Arthur St. Clair, and My Daughter. They are lengthy poems, some of them illustrated by the writer, and each a separate dedication. WESTERN CHRONICLER OF THE EAST Another group of Dr. Cowan's verse is a blend of the Occident and the Orient. The City of the Royal Palm is beautifully described in his 1884 monograph. The following year he wrote about A Visit to Halem- aumau; The Terraces of Rotomahana; Fact and Fancy in New Zealand. In 1889 came The Tai Mahal. THE DRAMA The "magic" pen of Dr. Frank Cowan dips into dramatic art at least twice. His five-act play dated 1866 is Three-fold Love. Another in 1869 is a five-act romance, At Twelve o'Clock. THE SHORT STORY ST NICHOLAS MAGAZINE, (December 1917) brought a glow to Greensburg eyes when they feasted on the lovely Christmas fairy tale of their own Julia Burket. In 1927 Century Publishing Company of New York included Julia Burket's short-story, The Unwelcome Gift, in a collection of Maud Van Buren's Christmas in Storyland, available for purchase even now. -246- 1799 THE SHORT SHORT STORY AND THE PUN Edna Mae Bush, contemporary professional writer of Greensburg, is unique in her flair for delighting children. Her name appears in PLAY- MATE, LITTLE FOLKS, SUNBEAM, PLOTWEAVER, WRITERS' DIGEST and many other magazines for juveniles. She is prolific in the variety of her talents. Apart from her essays of an expository type, Miss Bush writes epigrams and also serious verse for greeting cards. For some years she has created the ideas for the cartoons in such popular magazines as: SATURDAY EVENING POST, COLLIERS, etc. through collaboration with the cartoonists of the syndicate. At present she specializes in "wit and humor" writing. BOOKS ABOUT BOOKS It is quire understandable that two librarians at Seton Hill College should be interested in "the book" in all its minute details. Both have compiled bibliographies of extensive coverage. Sr. Melania Grace in 19+8 brought out Books for Catholic Colleges, a supplement to the Shaw List, and prepares annually a chapter for the Catholic Book List. Sister Marie Helene Mohr, in tribute to the Hundred Seventy-fifth Anniversary, has just compiled the Bibliography of IWestmoreland County from Its Erection in 1773. -Sr.M.H.M. GARDNER MUSIC STUDIO The history of instrumental music in Greensburg would not be complete without something about Professor Carl Gardner, who came here from Quincy, Illinois in the Summer of 1900 as violin soloist for the Glen G. Vance instrumental trio. Later, he became director of the Vance Orchestra at the Keaggy Theater as well as director of the Sho- walter Opera House orchestra in Latrobe. One of the gala events in Greensburg history in 1903 was the opening of the New St. Clair Theater. Frank Good was theater manager and Carl G. Gardner, musical director. The opening production was the comic opera "Prince of Pilsner", and until the St. Clair fire in 1916, Greensburg enjoyed the best of theatrical entertainment. The orchestra played a prominent part in all productions, musical or dramatic. The theater musicale was always programmed. 1949 GARDNER'S MILITARY BAND - 1905 sitting left to right: E. Proctor McWilliams, S. E. Hardy, Frank J. Hardy, A. Schnabel, Carl G. Gardner, J. H. Robinson, W. H. Cline, A. J, McColly Standing: left to right: H. N. Griffith, Charles J. McIntyre, H. C. Mc' Pherson, John C. MacMillan, Eugene Riggs. W. T. Newton, Dr. F. S. Porch, James Woodward, John McIntyre, W. J. Loughner. In the Spring of 1903, Professor Gardner and a small group of local men met and organized a Military Band. In deference to its leader it was called Gardner's Military Band. Soon, additional musicians were added. Their first public appearance was Decoration Day of that year at the old St. Clair Cemetery. In the years that followed, the band was very much in demand for all sorts of celebrations; this included picnics at both Oakford and Idlewild Park, concerts at the Youngwood Fair and Volunteer Firemen's Conventions. The Philharmonic Orchestra of Greensburg was formed in 1906 from a class of instrumental students of Professor Gardner. The first public concert was presented at the St. Clair Theater in May and was such a success, a repeat performance was rendered. THE GARDNER SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA A string quartet was organized in 1908. This organization was much in demand for social engagements. Although the personnel of this group changed as the years progressed, it continued until the first World War. In 1919, instrumental music became a part of the curriculum of the Greensburg Public Schools and Carl G. Gardner was elected to take charge. A high school orchestra was organized and instructions were given in all grade schools in string, reed and brass instruments as in the high school. A concert presented by this orchestra May 9, 1924, acclaimed National Music week. The proceeds were used to establish a fund for a high school library of orchestral music. The orchestra, composed of 30 boys and girls, played a program of classics with Mildred Gardner, -247- 1799 Greensburg High School Orchestra 1924-Carl G. Gardner, Director Bottom row: left to right: Jean Hayes, Helen Barron, Mildred Hillis, Floyd Tarr, John Bates, Edward Barnes, Sarah Louise Hershey, Charles Shotts, Stanley Marcy. Second row: left to right: Thomas Miller, Joseph Theobald, Glenn Haines, Ida Liebman, Robert Taylor, Carl G. Gardner, Arthur Barker, Glenn Stough, Curtis Baer. Third row: left to right: William Errett, William Peters, Thomas Lutes, John Martz, Henry Seidel, Merill Calltharp, Carson Wallace, Samuel Wentzel. George Sincley. daughter of Professor Gardner, as guest soloist. received. The concert was well Professor Gardner continued his work with the Greensburg schools until 1927, when he resigned to donate his entire time to private teaching. With the building of Hempfield Township and South Greensburg Junior High Schools in 1930, Professor Gardner was elected to supervise the teaching of instrumental music in both schools. A program similar to the one in Greensburg was adopted with the result bands and orchest- ras were formed in Harrold's Junior High School, New Stanton, Wash- ington, Wendel, Bovard, Hannastown and South Greensburg. These schools served as a reservoir of trained musicians for the senior high schools. One other band belongs to history, that is the South Greensburg Community band, organized May 12, 1939. The purpose was to furnish music for parades and meetings of interest. It was much in demand and made 40 public appearances that summer winning several awards. C.G.G. GREENSBURG CITY BAND-1896 The Greensburg City band under direction of Glenn C. Vance, held its rehearsals on the second floor of the old Greensburg Steam Laundry Building, 210 West Third street. Later, rehearsals were held on the third floor of the building now occupied by the Greensburg Bortz Hard- ware store in North Pennsylvania avenue. A shell band-stand was erected on the lot made vacant when fire destroyed the old Laird Hotel, where the Greensburg Hotel is located. S1949 The band disbanded when the Musicians' Union was organized. After that when a band was wanted a leader was engaged to call sufficient union members together to form a band. Later, the employees of the Kelly & Jones Company formed a band under the leadership of Charles LaChoppe. The only organized bands at present are the Loyal Order of Moose and the high school bands of Greensburg, South and Southwest Greensburg. Members of the old Greensburg band of 1896 were:-Clarinets,- Louis Kotouch, Harry Murray, Wesley McCabe, John Clark; Cornets,- Harry Murray, Andrew Strasliski, William Murray; Altos,-John Bennett, Thomas Jones; Trombone,-James Woodward, Charles Zellers; Baritone,-Harry McPherson, William Bennett; Basses,-Andrew Ko- touch, Balsar Herwig; Drums,-Robert Lee, James Cox. Another musical organization fondly remembered by many Greens- burg theater goers of yesteryear was the St. Clair Theater Orchestra. Members were: Carl G. Gardner, violin, director,-Clarinets,-Edward Hardy and Edward Cost; Cornet, Glenn S. Vance; Trombone, Charles Zellers; Piano, George Poder and Herbert Stuck; Drums, Proctor McWilliams. First National Bank decorated impressively during War I bond drive. Showing Lyon & Campbell, Real Eestate Agency; Mitchell's Barber Shop; Glenn G. Vance, Insurance Agency; and offices of Richard Coulter, Jr., S. B. Foight and Fink and Keister. -248- 1799 Pioneer Stage Coach 1949 Industry and Commerce Conastoga Wagon Passing through town. EARLY INNS AND TAVERNS In the year of 1800, and prior to that time, Greensburg, like all surrounding settlements in the wester n country, was dependent on post riders and packers for communications with the outside world. The early settlers had few vehicles of any kind due to their scant means. What roads existed were few and in an almost impassable con- dition during the greater part of the year. Previous to the year of 1790, there were few roads worthy of the riame, except the Forbes road through Hannastown, and the more direct one through Greensburg from the East to Pittsburgh. The by-roads were little more than bridle paths and Indian trails. Even the Forbes and Greensburg roads were difficult to travel at times, due to unbridged streams, boggy bottoms and storm-felled trees. On their trips eastward and westward, both packers and drivers of pack trains found Greensburg a popular place to stop. There were four, or more taverns in the limits and vicinity of the town in the year of 1786 which made special provisions for and catered to the packers. This is the first record of inns and taverns in Greensburg. A large open shed with an enclosed loft and a commodious bar-room were the prime requi- sites. The shed had long troughs, which had plenty of nails pounded into the edges to prevent the hungry pack horses from gnawing away the wood. A look into the loft would reveal much corn and oats carefully piled all over the floor by packers on their journey eastward which would be fed to their faithful horses on the return trip. They were always fed plenty of hay. These sturdy packers passed the night asleep on the spacious bar- room floor, with their heads where they could find a place for them, and their feet to the fire. Accomodation for several tdozen lodgers was to be had in some of the larger bar-rooms. These packers traveled in caravans, or droves, with from 6 to 16 horses tethered in single file, the driver sometimes riding in the lead, or sometimes in the rear and directing the pack train by loud whistles or calls. With the heavily laden pack saddles and the tinkling bell suspended from their necks, the horses walked steadily along at the rate of from about 18 to 20 miles a day. Products of certain kinds, such as whiskey and skins were transported east of the mountain while alum salt petre, iron, and merchandise was conveyed on the return trip. Among the inn keepers in Greensburg, and the immediate vicinity in 1786 were Joseph Thompson, Robert Taylor, Bartel Lauffer and John Taylor. Some conception of the names of the Greensburg Taverns prior to 1820 may be formed from the following:--"Sign of the Spread Eagle", "Sign of the Cross Keys", "White Hall Inn", "Sign of Captain Lawrence" "Sign of George Washington", "Sign of General Nathaniel Green". In some instances inns were known by the name of the landlord. A conspicious wooden sign, with a crudely painted figure of a spread eagle, or of George Washington, or whatever the name, would be hung from uprights and there it hung or swung in the wind. After the days of the pack horses came the stage coaches and the mail stages. These operated between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. In 1795 to 1800, traveling time from one of these points to the other was about seven days, making necessary places to stop to rest. The stage coaches were drawn by four horses, with fresh relays furnished about every 10 or 12 miles, depending upon the condition of the road. There were also broad wheeled wagons carrying freight from one end of the road to the other. The drivers were young men whose occupation was about half-farmer and half-hunter. A visit to one of these inns in the evening showed the stable filling up with wagons; horses being bedded and stabled for the night. Men lining up at the wash bench out back, cleaning up in preparation for the evening. This done they came into the inn. In the dining room was a long table fairly groaning under its load. Home cured ham, done to a golden brown, baked potatoes, several kinds of vegetables, corn bread, home made pickles, apply butter and mounds of steaming biscuits with plenty of butter and maple sirup, to say nothing of several kinds of pie. This all was washed down with a coffee made from roasted grains and then ground. There was not much formality. The invitation was "To set up and fall till". The meal over, the table was shoved back to the wall, more wood added to the great open fire and not long afterward the squeak of the fiddle could be heard tuning up. Soon the rollicking old tunes of the square dance rang out. "Choose your partners and balance all" and it was "Turkey in the Straw", "Pop goes the Weasel" and many others. They sang as they danced and the fun was on. This picture was not confined to any inn or tavern, but was general. It was a poor host indeed that did not furnish entertainment for his guests. As a usual thing, the town people gathered in to hear the news of the road and often stayed to join in the fun. Coming from the east -249- 1799 1949 Fisher House site of Drum House into Greensburg, was the Eicher House. This was called a wagon tavern and was patronized by men from the broad wheeled wagons. It was built of stone and was owned and operated by Peter Eicher, a German, who formerly lived at Bedford Town. It was located about one mile east of Greensburg, immediately west of St. Clair Cemetery and is now the home of Attorney Vincent Smith. A large stable lot as well as an adjacent blacksmith shop, made this a good place for drivers to stop. In the village of Greensburg were three inns, or taverns rated as first class. The others were rated second class. The three were the Drum House, the Harbaugh House and the Westmoreland House, conducted by Frederick Rohrer. The Harbaugh House was located at the corner of Main and East Pittsburgh Streets, the location of the present Woolworth store. This was owned and operated by Frederick Harbaugh, a mail and stage con- tractor, who operated lines between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. This was called a relay station. That is, it furnished fresh horses and some- times drivers, at intervals not farther apart than 10 or 12 miles, depending on the condition of the road. He had large stables where fresh horses could be quickly hitched to the coaches and speeded on their way without loss of precious time,- often without the driver leaving his box. Pittsburgh Street, coming up past the Harbaugh House was narrow and muddy most of the time, and it was a common sight to see men and boys, who did not have anything better to do, watching the teams that were stuck in the mud. The rise from the Point, the junction of East Pittsburgh and East Otterman Streets, up over Main Street, was then called the "Hog Back" and was said by the drivers to be in a much worse condition than the usual Township road. The usual speed these coaches were able to make was about 10 miles per hour, and the fare from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh about twenty dollars. After the turnpike was built the travel time was much less. Three generations of Harbaughs operated these stage lines. The Drum House, was located directly across Main street from the Harbaugh House, on the southwest corner of West Pittsburgh and Main Street. This was sometimes referred to as the General Nathaniel Green House, from the large wooden sign which hung from the front of the Inn. This was later known as the Old Fisher House corner and was owned and operated by Simon Drum who came to Westmoreland County in 1777 and was one of the first residents of Greensburg. He bought the land from its first owner, Christopher Truby and built a very substantial stone building, a part of which was so strongly built as to have been incorporated in the old Fisher House. This house was patronized by the Null House former site of Rohrer House better class of travelers. Prices were higher but there was more refine- ment and this appealed to the carriage trade. The other first class inn was the Westmoreland House, owned and operated by Frederick Rohrer, who was born in France in 1742 and came to America about 1765. He first settled in York County, where he married Catherine Deemer. They moved to Hagerstown, Maryland. In that year, he came into the Back Country, as this territory was then called. He brought a number of cattle with him, which were exchanged with General Arthur St. Clair for a tract of land in the Ligonier Valley, while his family still lived in Hagerstown. In 1767 he brought the first wheat over the mountains and planted it together with other grains in preparation to bringing his family here. This he did the following fall. He took out warrants for valuable land along the Conemaugh River, on which was made the first salt. He boiled it in an iron pot and traded it to the Indians. About 1771, he took his family back to Hagerstown, as they were no longer able to stand the rigors of frontier life. In 1793, he moved to Greensburg where he built and operated the inn known as the Westmoreland. This was located on the northwest corner of Main and Otterman Streets and is known as the site of the old Null House. This was Democratic Head- quarters and here the men gathered and mended many a political fence. A stone building occupied for many years as a tavern was erected by William Barnes in 1796 on the northwest corner of West Otterman Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. It was known as the Stark block. At that time, residents of this locality were not yet entirely free of attack from the Indians. Although but two stories high, Mr. Barnes made the solid walls of his building 22 inches in thickness with the evident purpose of being able to speedily transform it from a tavern into a block house, or fort, if necessity arose. This tavern under the direction of various landlords was a noted wagon house, prior to and during the operation of the turnpike. On West Otterman Street where the United Brethren Church now stands was a stone house used as a Tavern in 1797. This was owned and operated by David Cook, at one time an associated judge of Westmore- land County. The Richmond House was located on the site of the old Zimmerman House, and now that of the Troutman store. Later, it was the home of John B. Alexander and was sold to Samuel Alwine, who for many years conducted it as a hotel. Joe Hornish kept a tavern at the Southwest corner of Main and East Otterman Streets.- This was a place much frequented by mechanics and working men. -250- IYilB sJ ion g III II elf i 1799 1949 Simon Singer was the owner and operator of an inn known as the Greensburg and Pittsburgh Hotel. There was a Tavern called the "Sun, Moon and Seven Stars" which was owned and operated by a Mrs. Bignall, an Irish woman, and was located opposite the parsonage of the German Reformed Church. It was classed as second rate and was reputedly a very hilarious place. The eastern slope of Main Street was known as Irishtown and the western slope as Dutchtown. In Dutchtown was an Inn kept by John Kuhns. This was located on the southeast corner of Pittsburgh Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, the site of the present Cope House. The Germans of that day were very clannish, so the Kuhns House was a favorite place for those who held Democratic opinions. In Irishtown, at the other end of town, was a good Tavern owned and operated by Frederick Mechlin. The policies of this Tavern were just the opposite of those of the Kuhns Tavern. No matter whether these Taverns were Irish or German, the language spoken in all of these places on the frontier was Pennsylvania Dutch. There was anotfier Tavern in Irishtown called the Dublin House and this was owned an'd operated by a Mr. Thompson. This was a place of great merriment.. They had a dancing school and the Fourth of July celebrations were usually held there. There was one other Tavern in Greensburg where the broad wheeled wagons stopped. ,They usually drove on through to the Eicher House east of town, or stopped at Grapeville. This was located at the corner of Depot and West Otterman Streets and was owned and operated by Grif- fith Clark of Mt. Pleasant. This place was operated afterwards by Britnal Robbins, Peter Row and Joseph Nicewonger. Bunker Hill got its name from full scale fights in one of the taverns at the top of the hill, at the corner of West Pittsburgh Street and Oak- land Avenue, where Thomas S. Jamison built his home. There once stood the Bushfield Tavern. At this time there was one other house on the hill which had been built by Judge Burrell. It is now known as the Brunot house on Morey place. This tavern was a favorite place for stage drivers. It did not take much, if anything to start a fight there. Dogs fought, cock fights were held and men fought, sometimes for money and sometimes they just fought. These battles kept on until someone remarked that more heads were broken at the Bushfield Tavern than at the Battle of Bunker Hill. As a mark of derision the Bushfield Tavern from then on was referred to as the Bunker Hill House, and that section of the town to this day is known as Bunker Hill. Later, this tavern burned and was Bowman Store, 1890. Left to right: - Simon Bowman, Artl Hawk, Anna Hunter Miller, Lucy Sli Stout, Kissie Vance, Harry Larimer, doorway) Mrs. Offutt, Alex Rosensteel. never rebuilt. It was made of logs and the older residents of town can remember seeing the old foundation overrun with vines in 1900. The inns and taverns which played so vital a part in the early history of the Back Country flourished until the coming of the railroad.- A.S.M. MERCANTILE BUSINESSES The old time stores were of a general nature, that is, they carried a little of everything from sugar and spice to saddle bags, brimstone, calico, needles and twist. Window glass was an important item. James Fleming conducted such a store on the southwest corner of Main and Otterman Streets, (lot No. 9 in the public square), from early in 1807 to the edd of 1809. This is now the location of the Murray Cigar Store. Many of the accounts were paid in hides, beeswax, whiskey and country linen. A bear skin brought 11 shillings and 3 pence. His ledger reads like a "Who's Who" of not only Greensburg, but also of people who came from many parts of the county to trade here. One account was that of General Arthur St. Clair. An interesting item in the day book was where he paid Jacob Weaver $17.25 for carriage of 862/2 lbs. of butter to Baltimore, that was the market at that time. On his return trip, he brought tobacco, tea, sugar, spices, fine shawls, muslins, china dishes, as well as ladies shoes and slippers. In 1809, John Morrison in his advertisement in the paper informed his customers in particular, and the public in general that he was open- ing a general store and had just received an assortment of dry goods, hardware, queensware and groceries, which he was enabled and deter- mined to sell at prices as low as any regular house in the place. His former customers were informed that should they come forward to settle and pay off their old accounts, he had no objection for them to open a new account with all kinds of merchantable country produce to be accepted, at market price, for goods, or outstanding debts. In 1823, John Connell conducted a store opposite the market house and stage office. He advertised fancy articles. In that same year M. P. Cassilly, Randall McLaughlin and Henry Welty, Jr. operated a merchan- dise store in partnership. It was dissolved in 1824, each of the partners -251- 1799 SINGER & GROSS, 1884 L. to r. , Harry Larimer, William Singer, E. M. Gross, launching in business for himself, with M. P. Cassilly carrying on a business at the old stand, Henry Welty, Jr., taking over the storeroom formerly occupied by James Fleming. H. Brown & Son and Mr. Mowry kept store opposite the post office. Others in business at that time were Arthur Carr, James Brady & Com- pany and Edward N. Clopper, the later being located one door south of the Harbaugh Tavern. In 1853, John McClelland and R. Shields & Bro. and Donohoe & Maher had a general merchandise store where they sold groceries and dry goods. The Lewis Trauger store on Main Street and the Bowman store on South Pennsylvania Avenue were both in business quite a number of years and had a large trade. Singer, Kuhns & Gross had a good store at the corner of South Main and Second Street, next door to the Tinsman and Walker Bank for a number of years. Kuhns died and E. M. Gross withdrew from the mercantile business to go into the coal business with George F. Huff and store business was discontinued. E. M. Dick then opened a store at this same site and in the early part of 1897 he sold out and the storeroom stood vacant. A. E. Troutman and J. L. Cote came to town one day, leased it and that was the beginning of the A. E. Troutman Company in Greensburg, which has now expanded into the great department store of A. E. Troutman Company. This was the beg- inning of the modern department store as contrasted with the specialty shop. Now the site of the Bon Ton. Brinker Bros. who had started in business on Main Street, in the Mitinger Building moved across the street and bought what was later called the Brinker Building, next door to the Troutman Company. In fact, the Bon Ton used the old Brinker Building remodeled it and made additions for the present Bon Ton store. Brinker Bros. specialized in men's and boy's clothing. The survivor and lineal decendant of Brinker Bros. is the present Kuhns-Johnson Com- pany which succeeded Brinker Bros. The chief contempory of Brinker Bros. was Leonard Keck, whose store for many years dominated the men's and boy's clothing and home furnishings business in Greensburg. A nephew of Mr. Keck, Christ Keck, ran a separate department of floor coverings and draperies on the third floor. This building boasted the first passenger elevator for a store build- ing in Greensburg. John W. Pollins, of Unity Township, for many years maintained at two different locations on Main Street, "Pollins' Grand Depot Store". This was a sort of a glorified general store with hardware and groceries excluded. Mr. Pollins, however, was enterprising, and in 1903, George W. Good built for him the large building now occupied by the J. C. Penney Company, then the largest building in Greensburg. Then was organized the John W. Pollins Company, which was in fact, the first real department store in Greensburg. The building was completely modern, was the first structure in Greensburg carried on a steel frame and was built of the best material according to the most approved architectural standards of the day. The finish throughout, even to the shelving ,was oak person- ally selected by the builder. Into this department store was combined a number of other busi- nesses in Greensburg, among them being the Galbraith & Jamison Gfo- cery store, formerly a next door neighbor to Mr. Pollins on Main Street. They occupied part of the site of the present Woolworth Building. George S. Getty, who later maintained a furniture store on South Pennsylvania Avenue, formerly occupied by Zundel & Wineman, operat- ed the furniture department. This store ran into great difficulties during the panic of 1907 and due to some defalcations, Mr. Pollins decided to liquidate the company. This cleared the field for the expansion of the A. E. Troutman Company which was quick to grasp the opportunity. Gradually it expanded until 1922 when in order to get more commodious quarters the company bought the site of the Zimmerman House, later more ground from the James C. Clarke Estate and built a modern department store, which is this year celebrating its 52nd Anniversary. Mr. Troutman lived to celebrate the 51st Anniversary of the founding of the store. -252- 1949 I F-~---..._- Ii - II i.- ': I, / / ~ / / ?:4 ' d6 ~ 1799 Wible Groceryman & Drayman Other notable stores in Greensburg have continued substdntially to the present day. For instance, Lewis Trauger was succeeded by Will Welty, who maintained a high quality of dry goods and ladies furnishings, that is at the present time, and in the same location, the New York Store, founded by the scholarly I. Kahanowitz, who bought out the Welty Estate upon the death of Mr. Welty. In 1913, Joseph Strouse, an enterprising merchant of Latrobe, came to Greensburg and erected the building which Kuhns-Johnson at the present time occupy, and conduct a ready-to-wear store. In 1915, Frank Royer, who had succeeded his father, Harry F. Royer, as a salesman for a nationally known shoe house, opened a shoe store in the Laird Building, which by now under his early partner, Arthur Smith, has expanded into the Royer Company, one of the leading ready-to-wear stores in this end of the state. In the old days, following the great immigration, there were a number of cut-rate ready-to-wear men's clothing stores. Sol Marks was probably a pioneer in this business and for many years a resident of this community. Contemporary with his arrival, came the Falk Brothers, who later aban- doned the narrow fields of Greensburg for the wider ones of Pittsburgh and who succeeded in getting into the steel business and amass great funds. They were very philanthropic and founded a number of charitable enterprises, perhaps chief of which is the Falk Clinic. I. Oppenheim sold plenty of pants to the miners. He succeeded the Falk Brothers. Finkelhor founded the Fair Store, which was bought out later by Joseph Strouse, and the longest survivor of all was Max Leopold who, before he died, put pants on the great-grandchildren of his original customers. In 1922, Sam Rose came to Greensburg from Indiana and occupied the room formerly occupied by Joseph Strouse for two years, then bought the Brinker Building, vacated by the A. E. Troutman Company, entirely remodeled it, and added another floor, installed elevators, and founded, a splendid department store, which his son operates as a worthy rival of the A. E. Troutman Company store across the street. 1949 Frank R. Griffith came here from Indiana, Pa., where he had worked for J. R. Stumpf, a pioneer in the Racket Store business. In January 1898, Griffith opened one of these stores in North Pennsylvania Avenue, in the McCausland Building, directly opposite the Grand Theater, this being the first chain store in Greensburg. After two years at this site, he moved the store to the Hacke Building on Main Street, opposite the Court House. He remained in this location for five years. Then he bought the Hammer Building where he conducted a good store for sixteen years. At this time Mr. Griffith sold the building to the First National Bank and the stock in the store to the A. E. Troutman Company. Soon after this, Mr. Griffith went with the Troutman Company and was placed in charge of the china and house furnishings department. He has been in their continuous employ since that time. W. C. Henderson came to Greensburg in January 1902 from Mc- Keesport where he had been employed by J. C. Murphy, later the J. C. Murphy Company, and opened a 5 and 10 cent store at the corner of East Otterman and North Main Street, now the site of the Sears & Roebuck Company. He remained in this location two years and then moved down Main Street to the two store rooms vacated by the Pollins Grand Depot moving into their new store building on South Main Street. Henderson's 5 & 10 did a prosperous business until July 1916, at which time Mr. Henderson closed it out to become president of the Record Publishing Company of Greensburg. This was the first Five and Ten Store in Greensburg.-A.S.M. & J.G. RAILROADS Greensburg has been on the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad since the railroad's earliest days. Before the railroad was built, Greens- burg's transportation to the East was by stagecoach or Conestoga wagon over a toll turnpike. The complicated canal route between Pittsburgh and Philadelphia did not come through Greensburg, but went through the northern part of Westmoreland County. (To compete with the Erie Canal for the western trade, a rail line to the East became vital to Pennsylvanians). On April 19, 1836, a public meeting was held in Greensburg to publicize the town's desire to have a railroad. In January, 1837, Charles De Haas, employed by the State to survey a route for a railroad, reported very favorably to a route through Greensburg. In 1838, Westmoreland County delegates attended a Harrisburg convention to urge the con- struction of a rail line to Pittsburgh. In 1840, Charles L. Schlatter was directed by the State to survey possible western routes for the railroad. -253- 1799 "On the 11th inst. the day fixed, only about 80 came forward to sign out of several hundreds met; frequent attempts were made by some to intimidate and create mischief; at length some of the ringleaders attempted to snatch the papers in order to destroy them, but were pre- vented. Those who were known to have signed have been more or less threatened ever since, by a set of worthless fellows. "An association was set on foot in the town, the 13th Instant, for protection and mutual safety, and was generally agreed to even by some of those who did not like the declaration, to submit to the Laws. On the 16th, being assured of an attempt, set on foot by Lieut. Straw, to raise a party to come to Town with the pretense of getting the papers. I thought it most advisable to issue a Warrant, and Committed him to Goal. "Being joined by a Number of friends to peace from the country, I went with a party of about 50 men to a House where the said Straw's party was to collect, about a mile from town. There we found about 30 persons who declared in favor of peace, and not finding some of those among them who had been the most active, we thought it best to be satisfied with their assurances." "To put a check to further Combinations of this kind, it was deemed expedient (on a consultation among the citizens of the town, and some who had come from the country, Particularly Mr. Findley and Mr. Porter) to have a party raised to be ready on any Emergency. In con- sequence I have given instructions for calling out a Lieut. and 30 Volun- teers Malitia if occasion requires; but I hope this will not be necessary- the more especially as the Troops ordered by the Executive are now supposed to be on their March." When on November 27, .1794, some of the Whiskey Insurrection Army returned from Pittsburgh, camping at "the Dutchmans" a mile or so West of town, with seventeen of the insurrection ring leaders prisoners, three more were picked up at Greensburg, one of whom was Philip Weigle. These twenty trophies of war were deposited in the Greensburg Jail for safekeeping until the 29th when they were exhibited to the people of Greensburg by being marched through the streets shin deep in mud and snow. No doubt the whiskey tax and the strong arm methods of the Federal government to quell the insurrection augmented the anti-federalists beliefs of the inhabitants of Greensburg as it had the county at large. This Spirit of Independence and anti-federalist feeling had been exhibited as early as 1788 after New Hampshire had ratified the Federal 1949 Constitution on June 21 of that year, thus making the ninth state to do so, being the required number for ratification. A meeting was held in Greensburg on August 5 of that year to establish a County Committee of Correspondence for the purpose of stimulating a general sentiment for the Bill of Rights which anti-federalists were agitating in order to curtail the powers of the federal government as contained in the new Constitu- tion. (Early Western Pennsylvania Politics by Russell J. Ferguson, page 98, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1938). At the turn of the century the dwellings of the town were built chiefly of logs and clapboard and only public buildings were of brick or stone. The houses were set back from the streets with ample space between them. (George Dallas Albert, supra, page 499). But, as will be noticed hereafter, shortly after the turn of the century, Greensburg became noted as a town of brick buildings. The laborious business of making clapboards was by hand-power, one man standing in a saw pit, and the other above on top of the log. Although practiced in this country from the time of the Pilgrims, when as Governor Bradford records in his history of the Plymouth Settlement, a shipload of clap- boards was returned to England to apply on their debt in England, this gave way to the tendency of America toward mass production, and clay being abundant and universal and coal cheap, bricks became the chief building material. The following account of the experiences of a Swiss farmer in Western Pennsylvania in search of suitable land on which to settle is taken from "Briefe aus Amerika von einem basler Landmann an seine Freunde in der Schwiez (Arau und Basel, 1806)" contains the following: "At last on the third of September (1804) we reached Greensburg. This place contains 100 dwelling houses, together with a German Re- formed Church, a new courthouse built of brick, and a prison. Through this place goes the western post road from Bedford to the Ohio since there is a post office here .... ." A Frenchman named F. A. Michauz in his "Travels to the West of the Allegheny Mountains", etc., London 1805, reports the following of Greensburg when he came through it in the year 1802: "Greensburg contains about one hundred houses. The town is built upon the summit of a hill on the road from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh. The soil of the environs is fertile; the inhabitants who are of German origin cultivates wheat, rye and oats with great success. The flour is exported at Pittsburgh. -11- 1799 His report specified three routes, only one of which passed through Greensburg. Fortunately, the Greensburg route was by far the best from an engineering standpoint. On April 13, 1846, the act incorporating the Pennsylvania Railroad was passed by the State Legislature and the Governor granted the charter on February 25, 1847. On May 1, 1847, James Clark from near Laughlintown was appointed commissioner to procure releases or deeds for the right-of-way, and to settle land damages on the Western Division of the Railroad. Clark came to Greensburg on May 22, 1847, and met with Samuel Kuhns, Simon Cort and Dr. Thomas S. Marchand to enlist their aid in getting releases for the right-of-way. This group called on Peter Kaylor and the John Miller heirs, who gave releases for the railroad to pass over their land without question and without charge. Christian Rodebaugh refused to sign the release since his dwelling house stood on the survey line. Samuel Allshouse refused to grant a right-of-way since he thought the railroad would be of no benefit to him and he wanted to let well enough alone. On May 26, 1847, Clark appointed Samuel Kuhns as his local assistant to procure right-of-way releases for the railroad from Greens- burg to Brush Creek. Opposition to the railroad was strong. (It crystallized in the inn- keepers along the turnpikes, the wagoners, the canalmen, many of the farmers and some of the local politicians). No opposition, however, could withstand the astonishing speed with which J. Edgar Thompson, the chief engineer, pushed the railroad to completion. Construction was started July 7, 1847 and by December 10, 1851, the railroad had been built from the East to Beatty's Station, two miles west of Latrobe. From Pittsburgh, the track ran to Turtle Creek. The only gap in the line from Pittsburgh to Philadelphia was between Turtle Creek and Beatty's Station. By July 5, 1852, the line had been extended from Turtle Creek to Radebaugh Station. On that day, a locomotive for the first time entered Westmoreland County. Nearly all of Greensburg was in Radebaugh that day. Grading of the railroad around Greensburg began in 1849. The tunnel at Radebaugh Station west of Greensburg, the tunnel under Main Street in Greensburg, as well as the arch on Arch Street, and the tremendous fills east and west of the depot in Greensburg made this last section one of the most expensive on the line. The contractor for the Greensburg tunnel was Michael Malone, who had put up extensive blacksmith and repair shops on what is now 1949 Adams Express Office 11 Tunnel Street between Main Street and Maple Avenue. Richard Mc- Grann, Jr. was the contractor for the section west of Greensburg and the Radebaugh Tunnel, while the section east of Greensburg was completed by Charles McCausland. On October 2, 1850, David Berry was killed in the first fatal accident on the local section of the railroad. In November 1850, the local railroad workers went out on a strike which lasted for a week in protest of a wage cut from one dollar to eighty-seven and one-half cents a day. The great day for Greensburg was November 29, 1852. A locomotive came through the Radebaugh Tunnel, gingerly over the fills, through the Main Street Tunnel, and over the fills east of town. On December 10, 1852, regular service was inaugurated between Pittsburgh and Phila- delphia through Greensburg. The fare was $9.87/2, and the trip took twenty hours, soon to be reduced to fifteen hours. Three trains were soon making the trip daily. The first ticket and freight agent in Greensburg was John Fulwood. In 1853, there were 17,319 passengers who departed from Greensburg and 15,553 arrived. The total income from the sale of tickets that year was $14,698.17. During the week ending January 31, 1854, receipts showed that the following goods were shipped from Greensburg: 1,151 barrels of flour; 68 barrels of whiskey; 20 barrels of clover seed; 5,744 pounds of pork; 430 reams of paper; 200 bushels of corn; 100 bushels of oats; 911 pounds of fresh butter; 392 pounds of lard; 55 dozen brooms; 2,571 dozen poultry. In 1854 the railroad installed a telegraph line along the right-of-way. In 1852 Andrew Carnegie had been assigned to Greensburg as operator for the telegraph company at $25.00 monthly. (The early locomotives were wood-burners. Farmers piled wood along the tracks and the railroad engineers left receipts for the wood used so that the farmers could collect their pay from the railroad.) Almost simultaneously with the beginnings of the Pennsylvania Railroad, a Hempfield Railroad Company was incorporated on May 15, 1850 to run from Greensburg to Wheeling. Pittsburgh furiously opposed the construction of this road since it would divert traffic from the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad twenty-five miles south of Pittsburgh. The incorporators of the Hempfield project were all Westmoreland County men. The Greensburgh Weeklies were full of tolerant rebukes to Pittsburgh's distrust of the project. Construction was begun in 1853 -254- Scooting into Tunnel about 1895 First Pennsylvania Railroad Station -255- 1799 and by 1857 the road was completed from Wheeling to Washington, two-fifths of its intended distance. The link between Washington and Greensburg was never built because of the lack of money and the en- gineering difficulties. Passenger trains stopping in Greensburg found the grade to the west crossing the Grapeville anticline difficult. Trains were sometimes backed out of the station in order to get a start. To overcome this, the level of the track was raised in 1909 and 1910. The raise necessitated tearing out the tunnel at Main Street. The present bridges over the tracks at Main Street and Pennsylvania and Maple Avenues, as well as the arch at College Avenue, were built at this time. The tracks at the depot which were formerly at street level were elevated to their present height and a new depot built. At this time too, the railroad demolished Castle Gardens. This was a one story wooden building erected in the '80's to provide temporary shelter for the great crowds of immigrants while they waited for a train to take them down the Southwest Branch to the coke regions. The present Southwest Branch of the railroad was first proposed as a road to Connellsville in 1853. The voters of Greensburg in 1854 approved a bond issue to help finance the road. It was not actually con- structed until 1873 and immediately became a part of the Pennsylvania Railroad System.-T.L.W. REFERENCES History of the Pennsylvania Railroad, W. B. Wilson (1899) The Pennsylvania Railroad, W. B. Sipes (1875) The Pennsylvania Railroad, A Pictorial History, Edwin P. Alexander (1947) The Pictorial Sketch Book of Pennsylvania, Eli Bowen (1852) Short History of American Railways, Slason Thompson (1925) History of Creensburg, Vogel and Winsheimer (1882) Westmoreland County. J. W. Boucher (19-) Westmoreland County, Walkinshaw (-) Memorandum Book of James Clark (1847) Pittsburgh and the Terrible Hempfield, E. Douglas Branch, Vol. 20, No. 4, Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine. Success to the Railroad, E. Douglas Branch, Vol. 20, No. 1, Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine. The Coming of the Railroad to Western Pennsylvania, David K. McCarrell. Vol. 16, No. 1, Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine. Notes on Pittsburgh Transportation Prior to 1890, Henry Oliver Evans, Vol. 24, No. 3, Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine. Greensburg Morning Review, May 26, 1936, page 1. 1949 THE COAL INDUSTRY An early settler in the village coming back to Greensburg after a century and a half, and seeing about him the present prosperity and industrial stature of the Greensburg area, might well wonder how this great progress came about. There are many answers, but certainly one which could not be overlooked would be the pioneering and development of the great coal industry in and around this community. Greensburg is a city literally built upon coal; the foundations of its dwellings rest upon the fragment of the richest mineral deposit in the world, the Pitts- burgh seam. This great subterranean area of wealth underlies a con- sicerable part of Westmoreland County, and has an average thickness of six and one half to seven feet. Its depth varies with localities, but it lies generally from 50 to 200 feet below the surface. It was a long time after the first discoveries of coal out-cropping in this area before anyone would admit their value. Timber was plenti- ful and remained a cheaper source of fuel than coal, and as far as the early iron furnaces were concerned, charcoal seemed to fill the bill ade- quately. The actual discovery. of the Pittsburgh seam is attributed to a flash flood near Ligonier in the spring of 1808, when rampant waters washed away much topsoil and, in several places, denuded the outcrop of the previously unknown Pittsburgh seam of coal, although F. Cum- mings, in his Tour of the Western Country, published in the same year, tells of warming himself before a fine coal fire in the common room of Horbach's Tavern in Greensburg "which coal was laid down .... for eight cents a bushel". Gradually the mining of coal got underway in the Greensburg area, although in a most primitive manner; it remained for the great railroad building era of the "fifties", to start the wheels humming. However, for twenty years mining operations were confined to coal fields in close proximity to the main railroad lines. The idea of "bringing the mountain of Mohammed" was not thought of until 1870, when the southwest branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad extending from Greens- burg to Uniontown and Fairchance, opened up the richest field of coal in western Pennsylvania-The Connellsville Region. (The late George F. Huff of Greensburg was one of the organizers of the southwest Pennsy Railroad and was its treasurer until the offices were moved to Phila- delphia.) By 1880, the young industry had grown to such proportions, that the mining of coal and the manufacture of coke in the Greensburg- Latrobe re'gion was known throughout the east. A few miles north and west of Greensburg is the great Irwin Gas-Coal basin where are mined the gas-coals which for many years have been -256-- 1799 shipped to eastern metropolitan areas for conversion into fuel-gas. Most of the unmined area in this basin at the present time is owned by The Westmoreland Coal Co., and the entire region is crowded with coal cars, slag piles and shafts. In 1902, ten mines in the Greensburg and Irwin Gas-Coal areas incorporated and formed The Keystone Coal Company. Chief among these small mines were the Sewickley, Arona, Madison, and Claridge Gas-Coal companies, and the Greensburg, Hempfield, Carbon, Salem and Huron coal companies. George F. Huff was the organizations' first president, and during his reign, the company expanded into other areas. Mr. Huff was instrumental in forming the Latrobe-Connellsville Coal and Coke Company at Latrobe with two mines, and the Argyle Coal Company at Argyle, also with two mines. Later the company opened the Keystone Shaft Mine at Herminie on coal owned by purchases from the Manor Real Estate & Trust Company. Mr. Huff died in 1912, and his successors have been, in turn, Lloyd B. Huff, General Richard Coulter, Julian B. Huff, and Harry F. Bovard. The Keystone Coal Company was produc- tive and successful in this area for many years, but the exhaustion of its coal has forced its liquidation in recent years. Also having its chief operations in the Irwin Gas-Coal basin, the Westmoreland Coal Company enjoys the distinction of being the oldest, incorporated Bituminous Coal company in the United States operating under its original name. The company organized in 1854 with the open- ing of a small mine in Larimer whence the first Pittsburgh seam coal was shipped out of the county by rail. In 1856, the North Side Mine was purchased, and in 1857 the first shaft opening in the Pittsburgh Seam was sunk. In 1870, the Foster Coal and Iron Company, sold their inter- ests near Penn Station to the Westmoreland Coal Company, and after acquiring this new property, the combined output of the company was 380,000 tons per annum. In 1918, the Penn Gas-Coal Co., which had received its charter in 1861, was bought with its vast holdings, by the Westmoreland Coal Company thus raising their territory to twelve- thousand acres of Pittsburgh coal. McCullough mine was opened in 1918, and Hutchinson mine began operations in 1925. In addition to these Westmoreland County holdings, Westmoreland Coal has acquired 14,000 acres of coal land in Boone and Logan counties, West Virginia. The largest coal company in the Greensburg area and a well-known name in Pennsylvania coal history for over fifty years, is The Jamison Coal and Coke Company. It started in a very small way with the opening of an operation at Luxor in 1892, but its growth was rapid and by the time of the first World War, the company operated ten mines which included some 20,000 1949 acres of the finest Pittsburgh coal in Southwestern Pennsylvania and West Virginia. The company's founder was Robert Smith Jamison, whose early training and experience were gained on a farm. He lived, however, at a time which saw the birth of an industry to which agri- culture was destined to become secondary in importance, and in 1880, he and a few associates began to buy county coal land which at that time was untouched and undeveloped. In 1882, he became Superintendent and part owner of a mine at Mutual, and ten years later, in 1892, Mr. Jamison, along with his three eldest sons, William W., John M." and Thomas S., and two other as- sociates, James McDermott and C. H. Fogg, founded the Jamison Com- pany. In this same year, a number of ovens were built at Luxor, and became known as Jamison No. 1. No. 2 was opened in 1899 at Hannas- town about a mile this side of our first county seat. It was the first shaft mine opened by the company, but another was soon sunk at Forbes Road known as Jamison No. 3. Numbers 4 and 3 were opened in the Crabtree area, and No. 6 near Forbes Road between 1900 and 1907. Numbers 1, 2, and 4 had a total of 1400 ovens of the beehive type for the production of coke. In 1917, Jamison No. 20 in Unity Township, was opened on a tract of land leased from the Thaw Coke Trust and remains to this day one of the most productive of all the company mines. In 1942, a piece of land, also in Unity Township, was purchased from the Hostetter-Con- nellsville Coal Company and is known as No. 21. All the Jamison mines except one at the present time, are equipped with mechanical loading machines, and the total output of the company is three million tons per year. John M. Jamison who has watched this organization grow over a period of 57 years now heads it as Board Chairman. Ralph E. Jamison succeeded him as President in 1945, and Jay C. Jamison became Com- pany Vice-President, Thomas S. Jamison, Jr., is Secretary. Senator Jamison was, perhaps, the first independent coal producer to break the combination existing between railroad heads and leading coal producers. His training and experience as a lawyer (he was admitted to the Bar in 1888 soon after the passage of the Commerce Act of 1887, which out- lawed rebates given by railroads to favorite shippers), enabled him to insist upon placing all shippers on the same footing. As a result of the discontinuance of this practice, all coal producers were in an equal, and none in a favored position. Another colorful individual without whom the history of the coal business would not be complete was Thomas Donahoe, an Irishman who came to Greensburg in 1854. He opened a general store, started an -257- 1799 extensive grain business, and embarked in various enterprises, among them introducing short horn cattle in this county. Although not one of the pioneer operators, coal soon engaged his attention and he built coke ovens at Crabtree (among the first beehives in the county) ,and followed this with other operations at Madison, Arona, Beatty and Claridge. No less outstanding than any of these was Thomas Lynch, who came to Greensburg in 1891. He was then, as until his death in 1915, connected with the H. C. Frick Coke Company, the largest producer of coke in the world. He had started at the bottom and rose to the top, and out of his vast experience, insisted that "Safety is the first considera- tion" which slogan he coined, was later abbreviated to the universal admonition "Safety First".-W.W.J.Jr. OTHER GREENSBURG COAL COMPANIES The Greensburg Coal Company later changed to the Greensburg Coal & Coke Company, was organized in the Spring of 1913, with 450 acres of Pittsburgh seam of 7 foot coal located one mile west of the Pennsylvania Railroad passenger station at Greensburg, Pennsylvania. The coal was owned by the well-known Coulter family for many years and Alex Coulter was president of the new company. Frank Stark sank the shafts about 140 feet and built the buildings. Later, the company bought 325 additional acres of coal. The mine was electrically equipped throughout with West Penn Power Company power and the engine that hoisted the coal up the shaft was the first large hoist motor to operate directly off the power line. Most of the coal was sold to the railroads, some of it for 85 cents per ton when the mine was first opened. The company bought the Zellar farm of 25 acres west of Greensburg and built the town which later became known as Gayville. IThe mine produced 72 million tons of coal and was worked out in the Spring of 1937. All of the houses were sold, mostly to the employees who were given first chance at a very low price. In 1916 Richard H. Jamison and associates acquired a field of Pittsburgh seam coal in the vicinity of Slickville, and incorporated the Irwin Gas Coal Company to operate the properties, with T. P. Latta as general manager. 1949 In 1938 the Company was re-organized under the name of Irwin Gas Coal Corporation and the management of the new company was thereafter conducted by John B. Brunot, President, Rabe F. Marsh, Jr., Secretary and Directors W. C. L. Bayne, John Z. Burket, F. B. Miller, George W. Potts (decd.), J. E. Snyder, J. R. Walthour. The New Alexandria Coke Company was organized in 1907 and Richard H. Jamison became president, and Charles M. Jamison, sec- retary. C. L. Clark and George W. Williams, both of Greensburg acted as superintendent of the operations. The company constructed a branch line railroad to its property in Derry Township and opened several large mines in the Pittsburgh seam of coal, underlying the lands of Guthrie, Laughlin, Steele, Seanor, Elliot, Rainey and others. GAS IN GREENSBURG ARTIFICIAL GAS The development of gas as a means of light and heat can properly be placed in the 19th Century. Gas produced by distilling coal was known as far back as 1739. Its properties were studied and its inflam- mability and many of its general characteristics were known at that time. Baltimore was the first city in the United States to install gas lighting. This was in 1817, and since that time, progress in that industry has proceeded uninterruptedly. Artificial gas, at first had sulphur dioxide gas in it and the smell was obnoxious, but later, this was filtered out. The first burners for light were "fish tail", or a pareline knob or jet that caused a flame looking like a fish tail. The light was not high in candle power. Later, Welsbach mantles were introduced which gave a light of considerable more candle power. On the first day of April, 1858, by an Act of the General Assembly, P. L. 806, Edgar Cowan, E. J. Keenan, C. R. Painter, Jacob Turney, Joseph Greer and Charles McCausland and their associates and successors were incorporated under the name and style "Greensburg Gas & Water Company". -258- 1799 This corporation had the exclusive authority to supply Greensburg and its vicinity gas light and water to persons, partnerships and corpora- tions residing therein; also, to make and erect within the said Borough the necessary buildings, machinery, and appliances for the manufacturing and distribution of the same. By the Act of -the 25th of February, 1861, P. L. 100, the name was changed to the Greensburg Gas Company, and said Act repealed the water rights previously given. Land was purchased for this enterprise by two deeds from Henry Welty, et ux, the first deed being dated November 6, 1858, recorded in Deed Book 42, page 349, and the second from Henry Welty, et ux, by deed dated December 16, 1872, recorded in Deed Book 75, page 110. The Company also purchased the right for water from George Mechling to be piped by pipes laid under ground to the gas plant, by deed dated April 15, 1860, and recorded in Deed Book 62, page 27. This spring was located where the West end of Hawthorne Avenue is now located, and the gas plant was located along the Greensburg-Pittsburgh Turnpike and was well known as a never-failing source of supply. The land where the gas plant was erected iS now occupied, on the northern part of Westminster Avenue, by the County Lumber Company and Hagan's Milk Depot. At the time the plant was operating, it was bounded by West Otterman Street, Gas Street, the Pennsylvania Rail- road, land of the Brown Estate, and a plot of ground belonging to H. P. Laird. The gas manufactured was to supply stores, hotels, business estab- lishments and a few of the residences belonging to people of wealth, as well as street lighting. The storage tank was located near the now and adjoining land of William Brown. Brown Avenue now extends through the gas property. Every now and then, the retorts would explode and the plant would be in danger of burning. When this occurred, the employees went to Academy Hill in front of the Marchand property (now the Woods property), dug up the street, smashed the cast iron pipe and drained the storage tank. After the fire was extinguished, the pipe was repaired, the street covered up, and the company again proceeded to make gas. Coal tar was a by-product of the manufacture of artificial gas but not used in these days except to tar roofs. The surplus was turned into the nearby streams, whereby the run which rises in the lands of the Sisters of Charity north of the Railroad acquired its name, Coal Tar Run. 1949 Before the discovery of natural gas, the Greensburg Gas Company had a monopoly in servicing residences gas for street lighting. Lamp posts were erected and a fish-tail burner was placed in an enclosed glass case. When natural gas was discovered, it was piped into Greensburg and the Company laid pipe lines in all the streets of Greensburg. Natural gas was very cheap, and by using Welsbach mantles, it gave a very good light. The street lights, which used natural gas, were very crude: a two inch standard pipe bored with holes set in the ground. The gas, when lighted, gave a flame of 18 inches in length. Practically no person used the artificial gas after the natural gas was piped into town. In a few years, the usefulness of the Greensburg Gas Company was past and finally its real estate was sold by the sheriff to Mrs.-Josephine Clarke by deed dated October 15, 1915, and recorded in Deed Book 541, page 54. There was another artificial gas company in Greensburg and the same will be discussed later. -H.E.C. NATURAL GAS Natural gas was discovered in the vicinity of Jeannette sometime prior to July 1886 and, as a result of this discovery, Jeannette came into existance as a glass manufacturing town. On July 6, 1886, a charter was granted to the "Greensburg Fuel Company", the record being found in the Recorder's Office of Westmoreland County in Corporation Docket 2, pages 239-246. The purpose of the company was to supply Jeannette, Hempfield Township and Greater Greensburg with natural gas. In the application for charter, the following persons appeared as stockholders.: James Armstrong, Stark Brothers, C. J. Stark, B. J. Sullivan, Thomas Donohoe, Robert S. Jamison, F. Y. Clopper, George F. Huff, Shields and Mechling, W. W. Jones, H. J. Brunot, M. R. Haymaker, W. W. Jamison, McWilliams and Baker, J. B. O. Cowan, Brunot and Laux, W. C. Loor, M. E. Low, J. B. Keenan, J. K. Clarke, D. A. Miller, Israel Glunt, E. M. Dick, James Gregg, John Zimmerman, J. J. Johnston, S. R. Patterson, John Armstrong, C. R. Dieffenbacher, Frank N. Graff, Frank J. Kimble, James E. Clarke, Fredolin Miller, O. C. Sarver, J. Bowman & Sons, C. T. Barnhart, E. E. Lyons, S. A. Clements, John Truxel, Bennett Rask, H. C. Robinson, Frank Vogle, John Kuhns, H. C. Best, O. P. Long, Swen Wen'dell, J. C. Baldridge, S. S. Rumbaugh, James S. Beacom, James Bennett, A. D. Welty, E. J. Hauseman, D. Musick, John Zimmerman, J. C. Wentzell, Jess Glunt, S. F. Null, F. C. Gay and Company, H. B. Temple, John B. Kuhns, W. H. Barnhart, Thomas -259- 1799 Wible, Eli Beck, J. H. Weaver, George Culbertson, H. S. McIntyre, G. L. Potts, W. J. Kline, A. B. Kline, A. L. McFarland, J. M. Peoples, H. Hamel, John Keefer (for manufacturing company), George Howell, Richard Coulter, E. M. Gross, E. A. Irwin, Robert Gemole, H. B. Kuhns, M. J. Bassett, L. W. Bott, W. J. Row, J. H. Huber, L. and 0. J. Clawson, J. R. McAfee, George Croushore, J. W. Stoner, G. W. Kline, W. Graff, Frank Shearer, John D. Miller. A contract was let to H. F. Stark and C. H. Stark (doing business as Stark Brothers), for digging, filling in the trenches for gas lines in July, 1886, and the line was completed in a few months. Homes burned natural gas without restriction and in a few years, the Grapeville field was soon exhausted. John M. Klingensmith was foreman of the Greensburg Fuel Company and its successors; viz, Manufacturers Gas Company and the Peoples Natural Gas Company, and worked for these companies from July 2, 1886, until he retired upon a pension a few years ago. The Greensburg Fuel Company sold its franchise to Joseph J. Johnston, James S. Moorhead, C. R. Diffenbacher and F. M. Mechling, by deed dated May 22, 1893, and recorded August 17, 1893, in Deed 'Book 227, page 197, for its gas lands and rights-of-way, pipe lines in Greensburg, Ludwick, Bunker Hill, East Greensburg, South Greensburg, Southwest Greensburg and Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Joseph J. Johnston and Louisa, his wife, C. R. Diffenbacher and Emma M., his wife, James S. Moorhead and Elizabeth, his wife, F. M. Mechling and Mary, his wife, conveyed the property right as is set forth in the foregoing mentioned deed to Manufacturers Gas Company of Greensburg, a corporation having its domicile in the Borough of Greens- burg, County of Westmoreland and State of Pennsylvania, by deed dated August 15, 1893, and recorded in the Recorder's Office of West- moreland County, Pennsylvania, In Deed Book 225, page 383. On June 23, 1892, the Manufacturers Gas Company was incorporated as appears by application for charter and charter recorded in Corporation Docket 3, pages 575-577, inclusive. The purpose is the manufacturing and supplying of gas to the public in the Boroughs of Greensburg, Ludwick, Bunker Hill, South Greensburg, Southwest Greensburg and the Village of Paradise. The incorporators were R. Coulter, Thomas Donohoe, Ezra M. Gross, James M. West, and John B. Head. 1949 From a letter of John M. Klingensmith to Mr. Christy Payne, one of the officials of the Peoples Natural Gas Company, it appears that the Manufacturers and Gas Company entered into a contract with Joseph Askin to build a gas plant for the manufacturing of gas. The plant built was a failure and burned about a year after it was built. The plant was built soon after the Manufacturers Gas Company obtained title through the Greensburg Gas Company and was located in the 8th Ward, between Mount Pleasant Street and the Southwest Railroad. Shortly after the plant burned, the Company let a contract for a new plant which was torn down and third plant was erected by Hawk and Hastings, who leased it to the Company. This plant was a success, but the Company obtaining natural gas did not need much of the manu- factured gas. From the records of the Peoples Natural Gas Company, it appears: "The plant of this Company at Greensburg was under a lease to the parties who were engaged in the manufactured gas business. In 1898, this lease was purchased by the Peoples Natural Gas Company and an agreement was made to distribute natural gas to the town (Greater -260- 1799 Greensburg and vicinity). In 1916, the Peoples Natural Gas Company purchased the stock of the Manufacturers Company; in 1919, the property involved was transferred to the Peoples Natural Gas Company. In the following year, 1920, the Manufacturers Company was formally dissolved. The property acquired included the Greensburg plant and seven miles of pipe line from Grapeville to Greensburg." There is nothing recorded in Westmoreland County relative to the transfer of lands, pipes, and franchise to the Peoples Natural Gas Company. New fields are being discovered and by the conservation of gas, the gas will last for years. It was the waste of gas from the Murrysville field that caused these fields to be exhausted. The Peoples Natural Gas Company was incorporated as appears by records in Corporation Docket 4, page 110, and is now supplying the gas to Greensburg and vicinity. -H.E.C. ELECTRIC UTILITIES On August 26, 1886, The Peoples Electric Light Company of Greensburg was incorporated by J. W. Moore, H. G. Lomison, W. Baugh- man, John Guffey, Jno V. Stephenson, Darwin Musick, Jno. E. Turney, Freeman C. Gay, J. L. Crawford, A. D. McConnell and others, for the purpose of "manufacturing and supplying light, heat and power by means of electricity to the public in the Boroughs of Greensburg, Ludwick and to persons, partnerships and associations residing therein and adjacent thereto as may desire the same". The company was incorporated with an authorized capital stock of $10,000, divided into 200 shares of the par value of $50 each. Of the total authorized capital stock, 10%, or $1,000, was paid in cash by the incorporators on the date of incorporation. The balance, or $9,000, was paid in cash sometime later. On October 21, 1891, Morris L. Painter (a private operator) secured a franchise from the Borough of Greensburg, which granted to him, or his assigns, the right to "construct, erect, maintain, operate and, from time to time, repair an electric plant in said borough, and to use and occupy as much of the streets, roads, lanes and alleys of the said Borough as may be necessary and convenient in constructing, maintaining and repairing the necessary lamps, posts, crossarms, wires, switches, con- nections and other necessary and convenient electric appliances". On November 21, 1891, M. L. Painter also secured a franchise from the borough of Ludwick, which granted to him, or his assigns, the same rights which he enjoyed in the Borough of Greensburg. On January 27, 1892, Morris L. Painter secured an additional 1949 When Greensburg changed from Gas Lights to Electric Carbon. Robt. Shefler O. E. Smith, A. M. Bell, 1896. franchise from the Borough of Southwest Greensburg, which granted to him rights similar to those mentioned above for the Boroughs of Greensburg and Ludwick. On January 8, 1892, Daniel Monahan, E. H. Bair, Winfield S. Lane and associates incorporated the Westmoreland Electric Company for the purpose of "supplying light, heat and power by means of electricity to the public in the Borough of Greensburg, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and to such persons, partnerships and corporations residing therein or adjacent thereto as may desire the same". The company was incorporated with an authorized capital stock of $50,000, divided into 1,000 shares of the par value of $50 each. Of the total authorized capital stock, 10% ,or $5,000, was paid in by the incorporators at the date of incorporation. The balance of the authorized capital stock was issued at a later date, either to acquire property or cash that was used to con- struct the necessary facilities to serve the chartered area. On May 2, 1892, Westmoreland Electric Company purchased the property and franchises owned by Morris L. Painter, including a small generating station and lines located in the borough of Southwest Greens- burg. This generating station appears to have been the chief source of power supply for the Greensburg area at that time. On June 21, 1893, Westmoreland Electric Conpany purchased the property and franchises of The Peoples Electric Light and Power Com- pany of Greensburg, which placed it in control of all the electric properties in the boroughs of Greensburg, Ludwick (which now constitute part of the City of Greensburg) and the borough of Southwest Greensburg. Just what properties other than distribution facilities were owned by The Peoples Electric Light and Power Company is now known, and if at one time it owned and operated a generating station, such station was abandoned before 1900. On December 5, 1900, Westmoreland Electric Company secured a franchise from the Borough of Southeast Greensburg, which granted to it the "right to use and occupy the streets, roads, lanes and alleys of said borough, for the purpose of erecting, maintaining, repairing and operating an electric plant in the said borough for the purpose of supplying light, heat and power to the public and such persons, partnerships and corpora- tions of said borough desiring the same". This franchise permitted service to be extended to this area, which was later annexed to the present City of Greensburg. -261- 1799 Mayor Harry L. Yont turning on new city street lighting system 1938 giving more light per capita than any city in United States. L to r:-Harry L. Mitchell, late president of West Penn Power Company, H. S. Coshey, director of public safety, standing., Leander Murphy, committeeman, Miss Katherine Friedel, Tribune-Review reporter. A majority of the outstanding capital stock of Westmoreland Electric Company was purchased by the Westmoreland Light and Power Com- pany (a holding company that also controlled properties in Irwin, Jean- nette and Manor) under an agreement dated September 14, 1900, between Edward E. Robbins, Morris L. Painter, Edward H. Bair and Winfield S. Lane, thereby placing control of the Westmoreland Electric Company and its properties under the management of Westmoreland Light, Heat and Power Company. The balance of the stock was finally purchased in 1913. About 1902 the Syndicate Managers of West Penn Railways and Lighting Company (Kuhn interests) acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Westmoreland Light, Heat and Power Company from the original owners, and on April 15, 1905 West Penn Railways Company (Old) purchased this stock from the Syndicate Managers, which trans- action placed the latter company indirectly in control of the properties of Westmoreland Electric Company. On March 1, 1916, as part of a plan to segregate the electric and railway properties owned by West Penn Railways Company and its parent company, West Penn Traction Company, Westmoreland Electric Company was merged, along with fifty-two other companies, to form West Penn Power Company pursuant to the provisions of an Agreement of Merger and Consolidation, dated February 7, 1916. About 1904 the electric generating station formerly owned by Morris L. Painter was abandoned, and the electric facilities serving the area of Greensburg were tied in with the integrated transmission system being developed by the Kuhn interests from a central generating station at Connellsville, which was the forerunner of the vast system that is now owned by West Penn Power Company and is so effectively serving the city of Greensburg and the neighboring communities at the present time.-H.S.M. 1949 -Third Court House with Street Arc Light and Power lines in foreground. WATER COMPANIES OF GREENSBURG Water for domestic purposes was derived from dug wells and cisterns. There were public wells and pumps on our streets and a number of public springs. Outside toilets were in general use and there was no sewerage system. The wells after many years with outside toilets in use, became contaminated. People died of typhoid and scarlet fever, diptheria and disentery. No one lived long and it was very unusual for a person to live longer than 70 years of age. A water system was talked of, but no one did anything until 1886 when a public supply of water was found in nearby Dry Ridge, and an extensive system of mains was laid and water was piped from the mountains. Soon after, outside toilets were dispensed with and well water was used only for laundry purposes. No doubt, due to such im- provement in living conditions, the span of life has now been extended for a period of 20 years. On the 24th of September, 1886, J. A. McCormick, W. B. Merdeth, V. Neubert, William Pollock and George H. Fox organized and made application for supplying water in Unity Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and a charter was granted on the same day said application was made. The charter is recorded in the Recorders Office in Corporation Docket 2, page 291. -262- 1799 The same persons made an application for charter for Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, under the name of the Westmoreland Water Company of Hempfield Township, the appli- cation and charter being recorded in the same place, in Corporation Docket 2, page 293. The same parties made an application for charter for the purpose of supplying Ludwick Borough on the same day under the name of Westmoreland Water Company of Ludwick Borough, the application and charter for which is recorded in Corporation Docket 2, page 295. The same parties on the same day made an application for charter and a charter was granted under the name of Westmoreland Water Company of Greensburg Borough. Upon the granting of the above chartet, the said companies bought land in Unity Township, Westmore- land County, Pennsylvania, for a reservoir and built the same, laid water lines into Greensburg and Ludwick and supplied Greensburg and vicinity with water. H. Frank Stark, and his brother Cyrus W. Stark (trading and doing business as Stark Brothers), built the reservoir and laid the pipes. These men were local contractors. Southwest Greensburg was then in the Township of Hempfield and as it grew, water lines were extended to supply the residents thereof. The same was true of East Greensburg, Southeast Greensburg (Paradise), and South Greensburg. These various companies existed under their corporate names until all were merged into the Westmoreland Water Company (See Corpora- tion Docket 12, page 11, as evidence of the merger). For many years, Murray Forbes was the general manager and superintendent. He was succeeded first by Warren Mitchell and later by Morton Crownover. With the growth of the town, however, the need for a more bountiful supply was indicated. The first addition was the construction of a large reservoir on Chestnut Ridge above Lycippvs, known as Immel Reservoir. This was completed in the year 1888. Later, due to increased industrial use, the Water Company contracted with the Mountain Water Supply Company (a Pennsylvania Railroad subsidiary), for the delivery to it of a large amount of its Indian Creek supply. A law suit finally decided by the Supreme Court in 1924 established the right of the municipality to receive its water free of pollution of acid mine drainage. The Company is now owned by the John H. Ware Interests, and the manager is V. B. Corl. 1949 STREET RAILWAYS Experimentation of electrical power had so far progressed so that a power plant was erected in the Borough of Greensburg the later part of 1886. By the discovery of natural gas in the Grapeville field, and the piping of the same into Greensburg, manufacturing plants were estab- lished in the southern part of the town. The plants established were Kelly and Jones (now Walworth), Gilland Glass Factory and Hempfield Foundry. In order for workmen to reach these factories, a narrow gauge street car line was built starting from Pennsylvania Avenue at the Pennsylvania Railroad, thence to Otterman Street, east to Main Street, West to West Newton Avenue, south on Alexander Avenue to Stanton Street, west on Stanton Street to Green Street, south on Green Street to South Main Street and south on South Main Street to the northern end of Haydenville. The power plant was erected near the junction of Green Street and South Main Street. An ordinance was passed by the town council August 16, 1886, for the use of streets above for the said railway. On the 27th day of Sep- tember, 1889, R. S. Jamison, George M. Jones, W. A. Huff, Edward Donohoe and John B. Head filed an application for charter for a cor- poration and a charter was granted the same day. The name of said company was The Greensburg and Hempfield Electric Street Railway Company. The Company had the right of existence for 99 years, and the length of the line was about four miles. The route began at Pennsylvania Avenue, thence along said Avenue to Otterman Street, thence to Main Street, thence on West Pittsburgh Street to Borough line, thence along West Newton Road in Hempfield Township to Spring Street at Borough line of Bunker Hill Borough; along Spring Street to Stanton Street at line of said Borough, thence through Hempfield Township along Stanton Street to Green Street, along Green Street to Huff road, along said road to Broad Street, along Broad Street to Reamer Avenue, thence to Main Street, south along Main Street to Mill Street, thence north along Main Street to Grant Street, thence south along Main Street to Otterman Street, thence along Otterman Street to Division Street at Borough line, returning along Otterman Street to Pennsylvaria Avenue, thence by said Avenue to a point near the Pennsylvania Railroad station. This railway was never built along the said streets and avenues, but was built as first above set forth. The Company operated this railway until October 1, 1901, when it sold its real estate, franchise and -263- 1799 "I lodged at the Seven Stars with one Erbach (Horebach) who keeps a good inn." Although the first census of the United States was in 1790, it cannot tell us how many people resided in the town. No census was taken for the year 1800. However, in the first year of Greensburg's incorporation, there were the following taxable inhabitants, together with the value of their taxable properfy: Armstrong, George, attorney ........................ Armstrong, Joseph, wheelwright..................... Brown, Robert, merchant ........................ Beaty, Robert, merchant .......................... Brownston, "Asa, hatter ............................. Brady, James, innkeeper ............................ Bacon, Daniel, nailor ........................... Coulter, Mrs. Priscilla, widow. ...................... Coulter, Henry, merchant ............... ........ Crocket, Andrew, young man ........................ Cope, W illiam, plasterer ...................... . ..... Collins, Daniel .................................... Coderman, George, Wagonmaker ................. .. Cristman, George, barber ........................... Cooper, Robert, carpenter .......................... Cook. Joseph. ..................................... Dickey, Robert, merchant .......................... Drum, Simon, innkeeper ............................ Drum, Philip, young man .......................... Ewing, Adam, merchant ............................ Emmitt, Samuel, landlord ........................... Fowler, John, joiner ............................ Fleeger, John, blacksmith. . ......................... Fleeger, Peter, blacksmith...... .................... Friedt, William, young man ......................... Graham, Robert, shoemaker ......................... George, Nathaniel, merchant ...................... . Granas, Enos, joiner ................ ........... Hanna, John, saddler ........................... Hamilton, Thomas, Prothonotary .................... Hill, John, tailor .... .............................. Horebach, Peter, innkeeper ......................... Hoge, Thomas, merchant ........................... Henry, William, tailor ............................. Hugus, Jacob, clockmaker .......................... 832.00 240.00 430.00 704.00 140.00 330.00 155.00 388.00 150.00 100.00 180.00 190.00 80.00 100.00 230.00 486.00 430.00 1026.00 100.00 365.00 280.00 75.00 105.00 225.00 230.00 235.00 345.00 125.00 255.00 656.00 120.00 745.00 455.00 260.00 310.00 1949 Harris, W illiam, brickmaker ......................... Houser, John, aged man ............................ Hofsteter, widow .................................. Haines, Bernard, barber ........................... Harwick, Joseph, wheelwright ....................... Jamison, John, wheelwright. ........................ Johnston, Alexander, innkeeper ...................... Kirkpatrick John, ex-merchant ..................... Keller, Daniel, saddler .......................... Kuhns, John, Sheriff ............................... Kerns, John, hatter ... ............................ Lukins, Thomas, cabinet-maker ...................... Lutz, Godfrey, baker ............................... M ichly, Daniel, tailor .............................. Morrison, John, merchant ........................... McCorkle, W illiam, printer ......................... McCleland, John, weaver ........................... M arshal, John, inkeeper ............................ Morrow, Paul, attorney ......................... McKeehan, David, attorney ........................ McGuire, Thomas, innkeeper ................... ... Morford, Lewis, shoemaker ......................... McCully, Andrew, copper and tinsmith ............... McKee, Samuel, journeyman tanner .................. McGaughey, Daniel, laborer ........................ McLaughlin, Joseph ............................ McRanaghan, William, shoemaker ................... Mahon, Barney, Shoemaker ......................... McCaskey, John, mason ........................... McCaskey, James, mason ....................... Postlewaith, James, doctor .......................... Painter, Jacob ................... ......... ... Rohrer, Frederick, merchant ..................... Ronrer, George ................................ Ryan, George, coppersmith ......................... Stewart, John, butcher ............................. Snowden, John, M. printer ......................... Stewart, Alexander, butcher ......................... Shaefer, John, merchant ............................ Stewart, Nathaniel, mason ......................... Smith, John, shoemaker ................ ............ Smith, John, blacksmith ............................ Shuman, Peter, tanner .......................... -12- 1110.00 225.00 30.00 80.00 100.00 135.00 520.00 270.00 155.00 972.00 490.00 250.00 100.00 50.00 265.00 100.00 120.00 305.00 515.00 270.00 359.00 135.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 35.00 50.00 50.00 205.00 75.00 465.00 30.00. 411.00 20.00 100.00 60.00 265.00 65.00 425.00 145.00 50.00 235.00 165.00 1799 oing up Bunker Hill now Green Street-1889 equipment, to the Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Greensburg Street Railway Company and Greensburg Street Railway Company by deed dated October 1, 1901, recorded in Deed Book 308, page 321. It appears, by deed dated March 15, 1900, from James S. Moorhead to John B. Head, recorded in Deed Book 292, page 319, the said property, including lots, land, franchise and equipment, were sold for the reason that the liens were in default. The company having reorganized, John B. Head, and his wife, by deed dated July 15, 1901, recorded in Deed Book 309, page 291, conveyed to the Greensburg-Hempfield Railway, all the land, equipment and right-of-way. The records of this. county do not show when the Greensburg, Jeannette, and Pittsburgh Railways Company were incorporated. When the Company began to operate, its lines extended only as far as the Pennsylvania Railroad on Pennsylvania Avenue. There were no bridges across the Pennsylvania Railroad on Pennsylvania Avenue or Maple Avenue at this time. Later, the bridges were built and the Greensburg, Jeannette and Pittsburgh Railway having acquired the rights, franchise, and equipment of the Greensburg-Hempfield Street Railway Company, extended its lines across the Pennsylvania Railroad and ran the track down Pennsylvania Avenue to Otterman Street and followed the line of the Greensburg-Hempfield Railway Company, and also continued its lines down Main Street. On the 21st day of June, 1900, the Greensburg-Jeannette-Pittsburgh Railway Company having defaulted in the payment of its bonds and interest, all its property, franchise, right-of-way and equipment was sold to John B. Head by deed dated June 21, 1900, recorded in Deed Book 291, page 421. By deed bearing the same date and recorded in Deed Book 307, page 352, the same property was conveyed to the Westmoreland Rail- ways Company. The records of the county do not show the incorporation of the Westmoreland Railways Company. On October 2, 1901, the Westmoreland Railways Company sold the same deed recorded in Deed Book 308, page 323, to the Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Greensburg Railways Company, the application for charter of which is not recorded in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. 1949 Electric Street Railway at Greensburg. The Greensburg, Connellsville Street Railway was established at this time, and it ran south from Greensburg, Pennsylvania. At the time, due to the great cost of tracks and equipment, railways were intricately financed. The general public in many cases, while approving the enterprises, had the opinion that they were organized to enrich the promoters instead of serving the public. New blood was put into the company and with new management, the companies began to be improved. Streetcars were operated on a fixed schedule and then began to pay dividends to the stockholders. On February 18, 1903, William S. Kuhns, Jacob B. VanWagner, Jesse H. Purdy, John F. Cochran and Jerome Hill, Jr., filed an appli- cation for charter. The name of the proposed corporation is "West Penn Railways Company". Said charter was recorded in Charter Book 47, page 24, at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. One May 3, 1910, E. W. Schrek, A. E. Dubois, H. L. Simmons, Bryon Trimble and Charles C. McBride filed an application for charter (see Corporation Docket 11, page 8). The name of the proposed cor- poration was "West Penn Traction Company". On May 24, 1917, a merger was made between Greensburg; Southern Electric Street Railways Company; Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Connellsville Railway Company; Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Greens- burg Railways Company; West Penn Railways Company, West Penn Traction Company, and others, into the West Penn Railways Company. Said merger proceedings are on record in Corporation Docket 13, page 216. On February 21, 1901, R. A. Rankin, E. H. Bair, W. Scott Lane, George W. Good and Frank L. Good filed an application for charter under the name of the Greensburg and Southern Electric upon which appli- cation a charter was granted February 21, 1901, said application for charter together with the charter is recorded in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in Corporation Docket 6, page 14. This Street Railway ran along Otterman Street, Tremont Avenue, Highland Avenue, Mount Pleasant Street to Youngwood, Pennsylvania, and was later extended south. -264-- 1799 On April 15, 1905, by written instrument of that date and recorded in Deed Book 360, page 444, the Greensburg and Southern.Street Electric Railway Company sold its rights, franchise, and equipment to the West Penn Railways Company and was merged into the present railway system. (See merger proceedings hereinbefore set forth.)-H.E.C. WEST PENN RAILWAYS COMPANY The first street railway company in Greensburg was the Greensburg and Hempfield Electric Street Railway Company, chartered by local investors on September 27, 1889. It was a local line in the Borough of Greensburg from a point near the Pennsylvania Railroad Station over various streets in Greensburg and Hempfield Township and former Bunker Hill Borough, forming a loop approximately 5 miles in length. It was operated until November 11, 1899, when the bondholders took it over and sold it at public sale. On March 30, 1900, the company was reorganized and refinanced under the same name. On December 1, 1894, Greensburg residents secured additional financial help from residents of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and chartered the Greensburg, Jeannette and Pittsburgh Street Railway Company, the charter route extending from Greensburg, via Jeannette, Penn, Manor, and Irwin, to Turtle Creek, a total distance of 20 miles. The line was built only a short distance out of Greensburg, and on July 11, 1900, the company was sold by the Union Trust Company of Philadelphia at public sale and was reorganized as the Westmoreland Railway Company. The next street railway in Greensburg was the Greensburg and Southern Electric Street Railway Company which was chartered by local parties on February 21, 1901, to extend from Greensburg to Young- wood on the east side of the Pennsylvania Railroad an approximate distance of 6 miles. All the capital stock of this company was sold to J. S. and W. S. Kuhn, the financial backers of the West Penn Railways Company, on January 2, 1902, and was leased for 990 years to the original West Penn Railways Company on April 15, 1905. In 1906 the line was extended from Youngwood to Mt. Pleasant by West Penn Railways Company. The Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Greensburg Railway Company was chartered on June 28, 1901, by interested parties from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and was only 2 mile long in Southwest Greensburg from 1949 Early Trolley Car- Motorman Edward Byerly on step the southerly borough line of Greensburg southwardly. In October, 1901, it purchased the Westmoreland Railway Company and Greensburg and Hempfield Electric Street Railway Company. On October 29, 1901, it filed an extension through Southwest Greensburg and Youngwood to Hunker, connecting to the Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Connellsville Railway Company; also an extension over the former Bunker Hill Line and over the Greensburg, Jeannette and Pittsburgh Railway Company route to Irwin, Stewart Station (now Trafford), Turtle Creek, Pitcairn, to Wilmerding, and a branch line from Manor through Westmoreland City to Irwin. The line from Greensburg to Irwin was in operation, and the line was immediately constructed from Southwest Greensburg to Hunker. On September 25, 1905, Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Greens- burg Railway Company filed an extension from Irwin to Trafford and immediately thereafter constructed the line. The Greensburg and West- ern Street Railway Company was chartered by officials of the West Penn system on March 28, 1907, to build a competing line with the Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Greensburg Railway Company from Greensburg to Irwin. In 1907 it abandoned this idea and purchased the stock of the Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Greensburg Railway Company and took over the operation.-H.S.M. OTHER INDUSTRIES For a number of years after the coming of the railroad and the development of coal, prominent business men in Greensburg discouraged other industries from coming to Greensburg for the reason that they felt a tight labor market would result. The chief natural resource of the surrounding community, namely, coal, was in a high state of development and desperately needed all of the labor it could secure. From an economic point of view, therefore, any industry which would compete in the market for labor with the coal industry, was not desirable. Nevertheless, the Kelly & Jones Company braved the storm and weathered it. Other industries had less success, for instance, the Brown- Ketcham Company was founded in 1902 with a large plant in South Greensburg for the fabricating of steel. The founders of the company were residents of Indianapolis, J. L. Ketcham and W. R. Brown. A number of men, then and since prominent in Greensburg, served in various capacities, among them being Elmer S. Keay as cashier, John McGlome as superintendent, George J. Fox as assistant superintendent, -265- 1799 Herbert Wirsing as timekeeper, and William Kennelty as power house engineer. This company fabricated steel from 1902 through 1911 for some of the outstanding buildings in the United States, among them being: The Power House for Swift Company in Agricola, Florida; New York Central and Hudson River Railway Company in Albany, New York; U. S. Naval Academy, Cadets Headquarters in Annapolis, Mary- land; Century Building, Georgia Railway & Electric Company Building, and the Third National Bank Building, all in Atlanta, Georgia; the Franklin Building, and Wise Building, in Baltimore, Maryland; the Old Colony Building, Suffolk Savings Bank Building and Thorndike Building in Boston, Massachusetts; Puget Sound Navy Yard Building No. 106 in Bremerton, Washington; the United States Post Office building (which plan was used to construct the U. S. Post Office in Greensburg) in Charlottsville, Virginia; the Corn Exchange Bank Building, Mercantile Building, Samaritan Hospital, Swift Company and University Club Building in Chicago; the Coke House, and Traction Building in Cincinnati, Ohio; the Cleveland Trust Building in Cleveland, Ohio; the Dimling Hotel in Clearfield, Pennsylvania; Texas & Pacific Railway Building in Fort Worth, Texas; Grand Rapids Building in Grand Rapids, Michigan; Library Building of DePaul University in Green- castle, Indiana; the Rappe Hotel in Greensburg, Pennsylvania; the U. S. Post Office building in Independence, Kansas; the Indianapolis Light & Heat Building, the Van Camp Packing Company, the Grand Theater (first theater in the United States with self-supporting balcony) and the Masonic Temple in Indianapolis, Indiana; the Indiana Reformatory in Jeffersonville, Indiana; the Loose Wiles Building in Kansas City, Kansas; the Victor Building in Kansas City, Missouri; the Seelback Hotel Annex in Louisville, Kentucky; M. E. Publishing Home in Nashville, Tennessee; the New Orleans Railway Building, and the New Orleans Terminal in New Orleans, Louisiana; the Jersey Central Railroad Company, the Broadway Tabernacle, Public School No. 38, the Gotham Building, the Broadway Building, the U. S. Custom House and St. Lukes Hospital in New York City, N. Y.; the Carborundum Company in Niagara Falls, N. Y.; the U. S. Naval Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia; the Oakland Savings Bank in Oakland, California, the City National Building in Omaha, Nebraska, the Philadelphia Opera House in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the McCreary Department Store (now Spear & Company), the Pittsburgh Athletic Club, Boggs & Buhl Department store, and the Nixon Theater in Pittsburgh, the Chamber of Commerce Building in Portland, Oregon; the Seattle Hotel in Seattle, the Eureka Brewing Company of Smithton, Pennsylvania; the United States Post Office Building, St. Louis Hospital,.the Anheuser-Busche Brewing Company, and the Third National Bank in St. Louis, Missouri; the National 1949 HEMPFIELD FOUNDRY - 1900 Front row, left to right:--Harry Albright, Blair Sickenberger, Bryce Baer, Charles Rowe, W. C. Sturgeon. Second row, left to right:-James Mauk, William Morris, Herman Bach, Gary Hannan, John Steiner, Edward Lodgson, Samuel Johnson, John Johnson, Samuel Byers. Third row, left to right (standing) John Hannan, Jacob Albright, James Bovard, Samuel Parks, Thomas Wallace, Grant Davidson, Mr. Morrow, Mr. Miller, Frank Story, Frank Guisel, John Blystone, Val Shafter, William Parks, John Clark, William Lehman. Museum, Washington Baseball Grandstands, and the Union Station Train Sheds in Washington, D. C. Notwithstanding this, the company got into financial difficulties and went into bankruptcy and George Fox was appointed receiver. It was succeeded by the Noelke-Richards Company about 1915 and was eventually succeeded by the Memphis Steel Company which was sold to and reorganized by Chas Witt and Fred Humphrey as the Witt- Humphreys Steel Company. This company did a splendid business but due to the lack of construction during the depression, folded up and the plant was dismantled and sold for scrap. The oldest continuous plant in Greensburg apart from the Walworth Company and its predecessors, was the plant of the Hempfield Foundry which has existed for more than 50 years and has employed a great number of Greensburgers who have left their imprint on the town. At one time, in the early 90's the American Powder Company of Chicago with a capital of $1,500,000. purchased the patent and exclusive right to manufacture the Emmens Smokeless powder and located a plant at "Emmensite," South Greensburg but the venture was short lived. Various glass companies that were placed in operation eventually grew cold. The Porcelier Manufacturing Company, however, founded in 1930 purchased the grounds and buildings of the American China Company and has since then engaged in the manufacture of ceramic products, lighting fixtures, percolators and bowls. Both Sears-Roebuck and Montgomery-Ward are large purchasers of these wares. It employs 350 men and women. In 1928, D. G. Keller of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, came to Greens- burg and began to make clothing. The business is known as "Charming Ladies Cottons, Inc." and employs upward of 100. The building is brick and has 15,000 square feet of floor space. It is located on South Broad Street. -266- Oldest known picture of Kelly & Jones THE WALWORTH COMPANY Walworth Company's association with Greensburg really begins on that day in 1887 when John T. Kelly and George M. Jones arrived in Greensburg, having transfered their manufacture of valves and fittings from Jersey City, New Jersey. Thus a new chapter in the history of the Valve and Fitting industry was about to be written. Messrs. Kelly and Jones were an unusual combination of abilities, each a complement to the other. Their knowledge of the industry, plus their foresight and business ability, sowed the seeds for future success. For over sixty of the 150 years of Greensburg's history the plant has played its part. Its product shave reached every corner in the world. One former employee-Mr. Raymond McIndoe who now operates a local pattern shop-said 'he got a real thrill in the first World War, when he saw the initials "K&J" on some valves in a military supply depot in Is'sur'tille, France, the very valves for which he had made the patterns. The purchase of the business by Walworth Company in 1925 made it a part of a larger organization, widening its scope and services, its field of sales reaching further into world markets. In glancing back, in this brief historical sketch, it would be of interest to mention some of those who have contributed so much to the growth and success of the organization. Our space, of course, can include but the briefest of references to but a few of that long line of interesting employees. In almost any group on any occasion one meets a person who at sometime or other has worked at Walworths. The lady opposite who bids "three no trumps", mentions having worked in the Order Depart- ment; our dentist, drilling away, mentions having had summer employ- ment in the, then, "Iron Body Valve Department", (possibly he first acquired his knowledge of a drill there); more than one generation in many families, business men, army officers, city officials, storekeepers, and all kinds of men have worked at the plant at some time or other. The first "Superintendent" in charge of plant production was E. W. Tompkins, who came to Greensburg with Messrs. Kelly and Jones from New Jersey. His son was also employed at the plant for many years, and his grandson, H. W. Tompkins, is now the Foreman of the Electrical Department; and a great granddaughter, Mary Edna Tomkins, is em- The Kelly & Jones plant now Walworth Company ployed in the office. So, four generations of the family have been members of the plant force. Mr. Tompkins successor was L. D. Castle, who held the position for several years. The growing company soon had accounting and financial problems with the result that A. W. McKenney became "Assistant Treasurer." Mr. Castle was succeeded by F. E. Johnson as Plant Man- ager, who held that position until the Walworth purchase in 1925. Mr. Johnson was faced with many problems; the plant was expanding, new products were made, and a great era of inventions and industrial progress was rolling in. His friends have many amusing yarns about him. One of them is typical of the guess work of by-gone days. John T. Kelly, with the somewhat cautious mind of the financier guarded the company purse strings and was none too quick to "fork" out for every new plan. It sometimes required something of a "selling job" on the part of "F.E." to get the green light on some new project. One of his favorite stories was how he had set his heart upon an addition to the Malleable Foundry and how he "finagled" the building of a new addition. When John T. Kelly saw that first blue print he all but went through the roof, because of the large size of the proposed addition, but, after a long, fruitless pleading and arguments on the part of Johnson, the best he could get was "Do you think we are made of money? Well, bring back some kind of a drawing within the bounds of sanity and reason,-then let us see it!" So Johnson had the plans redrawn on sheets of paper about half the size, but with the identical measurements, and laid them before his chief. Mr. Kelly scanned the contemplated building, overlooking the tiny "legend" of the same dimensions in the lower right hand corner, the 200 odd feet in length and one hundred in width still remaining. So, for commending Johnson for "coming down to earth" in his demands, the official initials of "J.T.K." were scribbled in the proper space. Armed with the official OK' Johnson didn't lose a split second in starting opera- tions. When well underway and John T. saw the size of the construction, he exploded. To convince him that he had really authorized the work, he readjusted his glasses and followed the index finger of Frank Johnson; beheld his initials beside the tiny figures of the dimensions in the lower -267- 1799 1949 1 KISSEL SPRING--1888 John T. Kelly, L. D. Castle, Judge Clark, cGeorge M. Jones and William Peebles. right corner. Johnson said the Treasurer fairly snorted as he stalked away-but a large addition to Greensburg industry went ahead. Among the foremen who came to Greensburg with Kelly and Jones was William G. Conner, Sr., who was in charge of the Brass Finishing Department. He retired in 1944 and passed away in 1945. A genial, kindly personality, with a keen and never failing sense of jumor, he was a popular figure in Greensburg. Mr. Connor's first job was in Bridge- port, Connecticut. His two sons are plant executives of the company- William G. Jr., Works Manager of the Kewanee Works, and Edward C., Manager of Production Control at the local plant. Another well remembered plant foreman was Samuel P. Frye who was in charge of the electricians. And held that position up to the time of his death a few years ago. When the plant changed from kerosene to electric lighting, he directed the big task of changing over. It is hard to imagine those immense smelly kerosene lights-each holding a gallon or so of liquid-suspended from the rafters. Other well known executives of the Kelly & Jones organization were: Louis C. Steiner, who was in charge of the tool making department; Thomas B. Lee, who was General foreman of the Gray Iron Foundry; R. T. Richardson, known to everyone as "Tom", who headed the Gray Iron Tapping Department: His daughter, Elizabeth Davidson, is em- ployed in the office. The Malleable Tapping Foreman was William H. Johnson, a brother of F. E. Patrick F. Howard, long a familiar figure in Greensburg, headed the Malleable Foundry; Thomas McIndoe was foreman of the Pattern Shop: and W. W. Jeffrey headed the plant main- tenance. Three former executives, now retired, whose services go back into the old days, all living-in Greensburg, are: William H. Reamer, connected with the plant in various capacities for over half a century; W. O. "Ora" Zimmerman, General Foreman of the Steel Finishing Department; and A. C. "Gus" Zimmerly, General Foreman of the Pattern Department, another veteran of fifty years. Mr. Zimmerly was long active in fraternal organizations, and the first president of the Foremen's Club, which was founded in 1943. There have been four. plant managers since its purchase by Walworth Company: Mr. George W. Cotton came from Walworth, Kewanee Works, to succeed Mr. Johnson, and was the first. During that period many problems of combining the two organizations were worked out. Mr. Cotton returned to Kewanee in 1935, to be succeeded by Eugene Briggs. A native of Maine, Mr. Briggs had a wide experience in many parts of the country. He was finally called to the general office of the company in New York. His successor, Cara Lane, had been with the company as head of its plant in Attalla, Alabama. The present Works Manager, T. H. Booth, needs no introduction to Greensburg. He had. been head of the Walworth Washington Park Works. That plant was created to meet the exacting and unprecedented demands of the government for Walworth products during the war. His success in that undertaking brought him to the front, and he later came to the Greensburg Works to succeed Mr. Lane. Since he has headed the plant many plans, long contemplated, have been carried out. Mana- gement today must be scientific and carefully weigh improvement in working conditions, lowered cost of product and the availability of money after taxes, eight times heavier than they were years ago. To make a most cursory glance at a very few of the forward steps which have given the Greensburg Works that "new look", one should look at the photographs on file of "as it was" and "as it is", which could alone afford any graphic idea of the many recent changes, and progressive steps that have done so much to improve the plant. Among them are: Lifting equipment which has taken the burden from human shoulders; and if we could compare the new air conditioned offices with those which they replaced, we would think the latter would appear quite antique; all production departments are in well lighted ventilated buildings; old shafting and belts have been replaced with individual motor drives, which bespeak a new day; many an awkward turn, twist or back track in a product's progress from raw material to shipping room has been eliminated and streamlined; and, best of all-no change has been made but what has contributed to the health and well being of the workers. As a result Walworth can now manufacture products of a higher quality for lower prices. R.K.B. -268- 1799 1949 1799 RAILWAY AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING COMPANY Another of the more important and successfully operated plants in this area is the Railway and Industrial Engineering Company, originally established on Theobald Avenue, S4uth Greensburg in 1914. The company originally launched their plant in Ligonier during 1910 but later moved to Wilkinsburg before moving to their present location. The company first purchased two acres of ground fronting along the Southwest branch of the Pennsylvania. It now owns 11 acres of land and occupies 15 buildings with a total of 152,000 square feet of floor space. Starting with this property in 1914, about six or eight men developed a business in Greensburg which has become one of the international leaders in the manufacture of electric switches and switching devices. The growth of the transmission of electricity is thus paralleled by the growth of the Railway and Industrial Engineering Company. The Railway and Industrial Engineering Company manufacture equipment known as High Voltage Switching Equipment for both out- door and indoor use. Their customers are public utilities who manufac- ture and sell electric light and power, and large industrial companies who normally use large blocks of power in their manufacturing processes. As these customers are principally the electrical utilities who normally cover a large area in the community they serve, the Railway and In- dustrial Engineering Company has built up a sales organization to cover the entire United States. The company is represented by district offices and salaried employees in New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago, St. Louis, Boston, Detroit and Cleveland. It is also represented by agents, some of whom were former plant employees in Boston, Summerville, S. C., Buffalo, Indianapolis, St. Louis, Kansas City, Omaha, Houston, Denver, Salt Lake City, San Francisco, Los Angeles and Seattle. With the use of electricity increasing year to year, it was necessary to devise means for transmitting this energy or power in large amounts from one location to another. This is accomplished by means of trans- mission lines, substations and switching equipment which are the prin- cipal products. It is an interesting fact, that, were these transmission lines highways, you could ride on them uninterruptedly from New England to the Middle West and from New York to the Carolinas; the equipment of this manufacture is in use on most every one of these various transmission systems. Greensburg has the distinction of having had the first commercial alternating current electric light plant in the United States. Direct 1949 current had been used prior to the Greensburg plant for lighting purposes in other cities but the two 75 H.P. engine driven alternating current dynamos, installed by the Peoples Electric Light Company of Greensburg, were the first used commercially in this country. This plant was origin- ally located on West Otterman Street in Greensburg, opposite what is now the Schomaker Mill. Some of the first stockholders of the Peoples Electric Light Company were: J. W. Moore, H. G. Lomison, John V. Stephenson, Adam Fisher, Darwin Music, John Barclay, John E. Turney, F. C. Gay, A. D. McCon- nell, Theo M. Hammer, John F. Mitinger. These names are familiar to many present Greensburgers. The Railway and Industrial Engineering Company manufactures the switch, or device, which controls, or switches, this'same kind of energy at higher voltages. Some of this equipment is placed indoors but where the voltages are above 23,000 it has been found more economical and safer to place them outdoors. When placed outdoors they are called "Outdoor Substations". Such a structure is in the rear of the West Penn Substation Building on Mt. Pleasant Street. This is known as a 25,000 volt outdoor substation. A short distance from town, at Luxor, the West Penn has another station which steps the energy down from 132,000 volts to 25,000 volts where it is redistributed to this area, lines going to Jeannette, Latrobe and Greensburg. In order that your service may be uninterrupted the utility has found it necessary to duplicate many lines arid install devices to segregate these lines when trouble occurs. The Railway and Industrial Engineering Company manufacture such devices which are known as switches, air break and disconnecting, for the isolation of these lines so that they may be worked on with safety to the men. Interruptions are caused by lightning striking the poles, and burning off the wires, by automobiles, wind storms, frequently kites, and even birds and reptiles. The switches isolating these lines are opened by the operators or are made automatic. The Electric Switch industry is highly competitive. There are approximately 15 or 18 recognized competitors who manufacture similar equipment, however, in some cases not as complete. In spite of this keen competition the Railway and Industrial Engineering Company is recog- nized by the trade as one of the outstanding switch manufacturers. Through its engineering and organizational efforts this reputation has been achieved to the point where this company does about one third of the total business in the United States. This Greensburg plant is recog- nized also in Canada through a subsidiary, the Eastern Power Devices -269- 1799 I,td., located in Toronto. This record was attained by being the leader in several outstanding engineering development of a Hi-Pressure Contact. It is safe to say that the Railway and Industrial Engineering Com- pany has furnished about 75% of the 230,000 volt switches used in the United States and Canada. Some of the major installations which may be familiar to readers are on the systems of the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Canada, Public Service Electric & Gas of New Jersey, the Southern California Edison Company of Los Angeles, the Phila- delphia Electric Hydro Station at Canowingo, and the Pennsylvania Water & Power installation at Safe Harbor. Of course, there have been many large installations at the major substations of the local utility, the West Penn Power Company. Such installations are at Springdale, Charleroi, Butler, Kittanning, Luxor, Lake Lynn, at 132,000 volts and many others at 25,000 volts. Some of the major industrial installations serve the steel industry at Gary, Indiana and the United States Steel Corporation's mill at Irvin Works. Also are the large installations at the Bethlehem Steel Company's plants at Lackawanna, N. Y., and Sparrows Point, Md. Many of these switches are used on the Pennsylvania Railroad electrification between New York, Philadelphia, Washington and Harrisburg. The Aluminum Company of America have used equipment of the local manufacturer extensively at Alcoa, Tenn., Massena, N. Y., St. Louis, Missouri, and New Orleans, La.- Nearly every kind of raw material goes into the manufacture of R&IE products, and every known fabricating process is used. To name a few, the copper alloy and aluminum foundry, the fully equipped structural steel and aluminum fabricating shop, the sheet metal shop, the drill press, lathe and screw machine shops and galvanizing shop are outstanding. Pattern and core shops, testing laboratories, heat treating furnaces, welding, brazing, forging, metal spraying and paint spraying are some of the many operations under "one roof". Headed by a large engineering and drafting staff, about 700 are employed in the various departments, with an annual payroll of approxi- mately $2,400,000. Annual shipments of R&IE products have a value of about $7,000,000. Such a diversity in operation prompted the R&IE management to concentrate on sub-contract work during World War II, when about 95% of the facilities were diverted to war products. Likewise, in World War I, the company went all out to produce shells for the Ordnance department and the business was almost com- pletely interrupted for the duration. 1949 In October 1947, the company was merged with the I-T-E- Circuit Breaker Company of Philadelphia. The management remained intact, with the only change being the combining of the field sales forces. B. W. Kerr, board chairman, has been president since 1918, and, among others important in R&IE progress are W. M. McCauley, vice president, with twenty years as sales manager and previously a district manager for many years. W. M. Scott, Jr., was elected president upon the event of the recent merger. George L. Carlisle, recently elected commercial vice president, spent many years developing and selling distribution equipment. He spent two years in Washington with WPB during the war. C. G. Koppitz (deceased) possibly the best authority on switching equipment in the country, spent many years as chief engineer and per- fected the Hi-Pressure Contact, which today is being imitated or copied by most switch manufacturers. H. H. Rudd not only developed the planning and coordinating of R&IE engineering, but worked out the details of the Isolated Phase Bus Structures and the Kirk Key Interlock. K. S. Nevin, who started with R&IE in the purchasing department, is an authority on production and for several years has served as general manager. G. E. Heberlein came to R&IE from Westinghouse, serving since 1941 as chief engineer. Other department heads are John Scheibler, general superintendent; Walter H. Smith, personnel director; Roy E. Myers, director of materials; Leo Dobies, purchasing agent; John M. Frum, chief draftsman; Wm. C. Keepers, chief inspector; C. H. Willis, sales office manager; Eric Zimmer- man, advertising manager. The present officers are, B. W. Kerr, chairman of the board; W. M. Scott, Jr., president; K. S. Nevin, vice president and general manager; W. M. McCauley, vice president; H. H. Rudd, secretary, G. L. Carlisle commercial vice president, C. H. Willis, assistant secretary, R. M. Jones assistant treasurer. -E.Z. THE MOORE METAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY The Moore Metal Manufacturing plant was opened in 1923 by A. H. Moore, who had been general manager of the Memphis Steel Company. -270- 1799 The plant is located on North Broad Street and employs about 30 men. Structural steel, fire escapes and wrought-iron for buildings are the major products besides ornamental stairways and stairway railings and other products of similar kind. KEYSTONE CLAY PRODUCTS COMPANY Established in 1906, the Keystone Clay Products Company, on North Broad Street began the manufacture of brick for construction purposes. The officers were Arthur F. Humphrey, president; F. D. Humphrey, vice-president; and S. S. Fisher, plant superintendent. The plant was leased in 1932 to the Greensburg Brick Company and was operated successfully until about 1945 by Thomas P. Joyce when it was sold to the Westmoreland Construction Company. Clay, the principal raw material used is obtained from a hill across the street by means of a steam shovel. Between 30 and 40 men are employed. AMERICAN GLASS WORKS The old Gillender Glass Works located at the juncture of South, Southwest and Greensburg proper was established about 1888 and al- though the ownership has changed a number of times, the plant is still operated and employs about 300 men and women. The manufactured product is principally for lamps and other lighting fixtures. One of the largest customers is the Imperial Lighting Company erected on a site near the glass plant. Much of the ware is sold nationally. The factory was formerly owned by the L. E. Smith Glass Company of Mt. Pleasant and was managed by the late Walter S. Wible. James Moore, Sr., has been the plant superintendent for a long number of years. OVERMYER MOULD COMPANY Starting here in 1935 with eight employes, The Overmyer Mould Company located in a building with 11,000 square feet of floor space at 604 Highland Avenue now employs nearly 100 highly skilled mechanics; the products being shipped from coast to coast throughout the country and exported to England, Turkey and South American countries. The primary product is the production of moulds for the manufacture of glassware, but moulds for the making of basketballs, footballs and 1949 softballs has been included in their list of products together with perman- ent moulds for the making of aluminum castings. The volume of business has grown steadily and now reaches close to the quarter million dollar mark annually. First officers were: C. P. Overmyer, Sr., president; C. P. Overmyer, Jr., vice-president; K. R. Haley, vice-president and manager; Morton Longnecker, secretary-treasurer and Donald Haines, director. Present officials are: C. P. Overmyer, Sr., president; C. P. Overmyer, Jr., vice-president; George Smeltzer, vice-president and manager; E. E. Sandifar, secretary-treasurer and Lowell Roesner, director. GREENSBURG MACHINE COMPANY The Greensburg Machine Company was founded in 1921 by Thomas F. and Fred C. Snedden. Business was conducted in a chicken coop at 1620 Poplar Street, South Greensburg, Pa., under the name of Greens- burg Tool and Machine Company. At that time, the work consisted of general machine work. Later, the business was increased to the manu- facture of repair parts for mining machinery, and an addition made to the building. In 1926, the firm moved to Seaboard Shaft in Southwest Greensburg and a brass foundry was added. The company was incorporated in 1938, and the name changed to Greensburg Machine Company. At present, the company is engaged in the manufacture of storage battery locomotives for coal mines, metal mines, and industrial plants, as well as automatic timbering machines for mines. Since its founding, the company has grown and expanded to where it employs seventy-five persons and occupies 30,000 sq. ft. of floor space. The officers are:-Thomas F. Snedden, president, R. R. Schubert, vice-president-general manager, and Fred C. Snedden, secretary-treasurer. OVERLY MANUFACTURING COMPANY Along about the turn of the century, W. F. Overly, an enterprising young man, got into the sheet metal business and so successful was he, that his products were known from coast to coast. This concern made ornamental stamped metal work to specification and later got into various phases of the work. It is now known as the Overly Manufacturing Company. His son, Elmer G. Overly, began here in Greensburg the Pittsburgh Envelope Company, which later moved to Pittsburgh and is now known as the Pittsburgh Standard Envelope Company and here was laid the foundation of a great and promising business.-J.G. -271- 1799 BANKING IN GREENSBURG Community development has always been dependent on strong banks owned and operated by local citizens for the best interests of the immediate community. That the bankers of Greensburg have met this responsibility is evidenced in the city's steady advancement in manu- facturing, retailing and residential construction. As the early settlers found need for money to replace barter and exchange of goods in their business transactions, it was also necessary to provide for safety and convenience in handling this money in the then prevailing form of gold and silver coin. The first bank in Greensburg, the Westmoreland Bank, was founded in 1812 by Major John B. Alexander and others, and commenced business in 1813. This was one of the earliest banking institutions west of the Allegheny Mountains. At that time, Greensburg had a population of 771 people. However, there was not then sufficient business to justify the existence of a bank and the affairs of the Westmoreland Bank were wound up in 1829. The continuing history and the growth of banking began in August 1854 when Thomas J. Barclay, a member of the Bar of Westmoreland County, opened a private bank on Main Street under the name of Th. J. Barclay-Banker. The business was carried on by the proprietor until his death in 1881, and on that occurrence, it was found that Mr. Barclay had never divulged the combination of the bank safe and it was necessary to have a locksmith come from Pittsburgh to open the vault. The busi- ness was reorganized as The Barclay Bank by Wilson Baughman as President, John Barclay Keenan as Cashier, and John Barclay. In 1904 this bank became the Barclay Trust Company, a state bank; and in 1908, by consolidation with the Westmoreland Savings and Trust Company, the institution became the present Barclay-Westmoreland Trust Com- pany. As evidence of Mr. T. J. Barclay's acumen as a banker, there is the story of the customer who, intending to go to Philadelphia to secure merchandise, applied for the purchase of a draft on a banking house in that city. Mr. Barclay advised the customer that he would be glad to accommodate him. He retired to the rear of the bank and returned with the draft and a small oblong package. Handing both the draft and the package to the cistomer, he cautioned that the package, which was valuable, was to be delivered to the Philadelphia banker with the request that it be opened and the contents noted before the draft was presented. The customer was punctilious and carried out the instructions to the 1949 This building housed the first Barclay Bank, which Thomas Barclay, the elder, founded in 1854. This is the original stone residence of John Barclay, (father of Thomas) who came here from Bedford about 1818. The windows and doorways were added in the classic revival. The banking room was to the left of the building and the right door-way led to the residence on the 2nd and 3rd floor. This was so used until about 1887 when the residence was moved to North Main Street. The stones in the foreground are the material for remodeling. letter. First the package, then the draft. To his amazement, the package which he carried contained the money necessary to make the draft payable when it was presented. In June of 1870, David Tinsman and John Walker opened The Union Deposit Bank which was located on Otterman Street; and in 1874 the greensburg Banking Company was established on a part of the site of the present FirSt National Bank. In 1881, one of .the most interesting events in the history of local banking took place. Two groups of businessmen, convinced of the value of a local bank chartered under the National Banking Act, and each desirous of receiving the privilege of using the name First National Bank, set about to secure both the charter and the name. While one group made its application from Greensburg, the other group composed of Richard -272- 1799 Coulter, George F. Huff, James C. Clarke, William A. Huff, Henry Welty and Robert Pitcairn, who made up the Board of Directors, went directly to Washington, D. C. with the necessary documents and bonds to secure the circulation of bank notes. Being on the spot while their rivals were delayed in transacting business by mail, this group receive? a charter under the name of The First National Bank of Greensburg- Charter No. 2558. Richard Coulter, attorney, businessman, and a General in the Civil War, was elected President and John Zimmerman, cashier. The second charter was granted to The Merchants and Farmers National Bank, No. 2562; of which Lewis Trauger was President, W. H. Markle, Vice President and D. W. Shryock, Cashier. & DOLL'S. CTS. Greensburgh,,Iet,A a nn827 S-Cadljitr of tle Z-D7 DOLLRS, CENTS. MARCH 20, 1827. During the next fifty years, a number of banking institutions were organized under the following titles: Safe Deposit and Trust Company, Westmoreland National Bank, Merchants Trust Company, Greensburg Title and Trust Company, Westmoreland Savings and Trust Company, Union Trust Company and the Maddas Bank and Trust Company. All of this group of banks were consolidated or reorganized without any loss to the depositors. At the present time our people are served by two banks, the Barclay- Westmoreland Trust Company and the First National Bank in Greens- burg. Total banking resources on December 31, 1948 were $44,472,414.72, with trust funds amounting to $12,092,639.26. The present officers and directors are: Barclay -Westmoreland Trust Company - John Barclay, 1949 Jr., President; Jos. B. Fogg, Vice-President Secretary; Oliver S. Collins, Treasurer; John F. Leasure, Assistant Secretary-Treasurer; W. S. Mac- Donald, Trust Officer; Lloyd B. King, Real Estate Officer; W. W. Lapham, Auditor; John D. Benford, Assistant Trust Officer; Edward C. Brinker, Assistant Secretary-Treasurer; Donald E. Dean, Manager Installment Finance; Daniel T. Amend, Jr., Assistant Treasurer. Dir- ectors-John Barclay, Jr., Theodore H. Booth, Edward S. Brinker, Scott Fink, Joseph B. Fogg, Robert B. Herbert, John M. Jamison, John F. Leasure, W. S. MacDonald, D. Ray Murdock, M.D., John A. Robertshaw, Michael Rathgeb, John C. Silsley, William Steel, Col. W John Stitler, Jr. JJr - I-a lj 0 's I T /51 r I~ /9; 16~bW, Bb~ Tho e: "-- THOS. J. BARCLAY, BANKER DECEMBER 18, 1862 First National Bank in Greensburg-Richard Coulter, President, Paul S. Bair, Vice President; Joseph K. Robinson, Cashier; Stewart R. Byers, Assistant Cashier; Trust Department-J. Regis Walthour, Vice- President; John Rial, Trust Officer; Installment Loan Department- F. E. Heasley, Manager; Directors-Paul S. Bair, J. Z. Burket, John H. Coulter, Richard Coulter, C. B. Hollingsworth, Jay C. Jamison Thos. S. Jamison, Jr., John E. Kunkle, Jr., Rabe F. Marsh, K. S. Nevin, J. Regis Walthour. -J.R.W. -273- ~u ~t r~~ c 11i.t. pill. cif.h. 1799 Singer, Simon, blacksmith ......................... . 180.00 Shaeffer, Adam, saddletree-maker .................... 75.00 Taylor, Joseph, merchant .......................... 360.00 Truby, Christopher, potter .......................... 240.00 Wise, Henry, clockmaker ........................... 175.00 Weaver, Henry, merchant ........................... 150.00 Wells, John, Collector of Excise ...................... 621.00 Williams, Nathan, mason ........................... 15.00 Welty, Henry, skin dresser ......................... 285.00 W att, Robert, hatter ............................... 205.00 West, Samuel, shoemaker ........................... 24.00 W illiams, Robert, saddler .................. ......... 50.00 Young, John, attorney ............................. 1105.00 Young, (brother of the above) ........................... 19.00 Non-resident Day, Nicholas ....................... 24.00 taxables Jackson, Richard ................... .. 20.00 McCleland, Joseph ................... 30.00 Nyhoff, Gerhard ..................... 200.00 Truby, Christopher, Esq................ 160.00 Death seldom occurs without a significant reference to something else. So the birth of Greensburg as a Borough closely coincided with the death of its sire as a town. The brown-eyed Christopher Truby with brown hair, a long face and 5' 9" in height was both living and dead on the 20th day of February, 1802 at the age of sixty-six. (Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series, Vol. I, page 321.) He was buried in the Old German Reformed Cemetery where his remains reposed until 1937 when they were immured in the crypts of Zion's Lutheran Church of Greensburg and suitably marked, when it was being remodeled in 1936 and 1937. The citizens of Greensburg will be indebted forever to the Building Committee of this Church for doing this, as his grave would have been ere long effaced when several years ago the German Reformed Cemetery was reduced to a public playground. Verily it can be said of the present repository of his pioneer bones that "The stone shall cry out of the wall and the beam out of the timber shall answer it." (Habakkuk, 2:11). Beginning in 1799 Greensburg's first newspaper, The Farmer's Register, probably a weekly, was published by John M. Snowden and William McCorkle in two editions, one in English and the other in German. The English edition continued until 1808. As early newspapers were devoted mostly to news from a distance, interesting incidents of local color at first were lacking. From the files of the "Westmoreland and Indiana Register", a weekly, first published in 1808 and which became the "Greensburg and Indiana Register" in 1812, we have how- 1949 ever significant glimpses of what the town and its people were like during the first quarter of the nineteenth century. The second Court House, built of brick and a stone jail had been substantially completed by 1799, and Greensburg became a typical "County Town", the people of the county generally taking the day off to come to town when Court convened. That one of the main businesses of the town was "Court business" is indicated by the fact that in the July 23rd, 1812 issue of the "Greensburg and Indiana Register", a list of ninety-two civil cases for trial was published. This stacks up well with the 129 civil cases listed for trial for May Term, 1949. That a majority of the people came to town during the term of court is indicated by the following statement of William S. Graham, publisher of the "Greensburg and Indiana Register"', in the issue of January 30, 1813. Greenis rgh iana Register. GorEE. nBUrGH, s '(IA.) PAYRT VIlll..tt . oillld.,t" o. 4.1 OF VOLUME VII. SATURDAY, NOV1EY . . Is8i. 'ITOTAL os6 p. ,,..a ulle i.lrn . .e. d b. rrt r 1 .in. he war,. I0,Oo bk.lk. .hl, , ld sdurig ti e o r; nor T .I1'.IIO , IiT l l4tlr purfl.ill . . .. f tp haiL . limmia I'0 .nndn. In file leitl sysubiUitol l me* bre l allt I rI I, lt,, ti'e .I the -Y, fi.ooo. boo.o 1.:'let ur"i all e rI ude fo r pro. . : - 'L e l ir , b.-a1, ll,th en lu, ti l iloln ,il enri v 1. li rplms l, l l rinlh pe 1nr. ( b ee n the nall O Ilu u ela. l hg e l l b s v e t e - nin - t t h e q n n I h l, r A .b . l u .l l A .a bn ' I o ltloiotl 0 0 0ll000l0 ll" ha. Ill,p 1 r+0 p . ,,ll. llrll l l n lll. lll , lv ht I anetti, Angelo >antalone Antonia )aolone, kaffaele )atrick, Andrew )atrick, M. E. )atterson, Edw. F. )atterson, James )atterson, James R. >atterson, John S. )atterson, P. S. d)tterson, Wm. )attison, Bert )atton, Alvin C. )atton, Elva atton, Jos. L. )atton, Wm. T. Daul, Jas. F. )auli, Betty A. )dull, G. S. -aulson, Paul E. Paulson Peter Pavlik, tephen, Sr. Pearce, Harold J. Mrs. Jimmy Hayden, Mrs. Robert Children Sheppard, Judith Ondrizek a Dianne Ondrizek Latrobe, Pa. Mrs. Jimmy Hayden, Mrs. Robert Children Shepard Judith Ondrizek & Dianne bndrizek Everett, Pa. Blair E. Mr Kathryn L. & Children Shirley Lee 6'Neal Mt. Pleasant, Pa. Rose Marie, Robt. & Edward Ong Wife & Sons Harmarville, Pa. John J. Ovarec, Jr. a Georgetta Children Ann Oravec Youngwood, Pa. Painted Post N.Y. Russell Lee & Linda Jane Osborne Children Bedford Co., Pa. Daniel Edward O'Shea Jerry Children Allen O'Shea a Mrs. Jeanne O'Shea Temple Middletown, Pa. Lewis F. Osterwise Gson Middletown, Pa. Merle L. Osterwise Gson Hempfield Twp. Mrs. A. L. Taylor Sister Mt. Pleasant Twp. Mrs. Nancy O. Daugherty Gdaughter Hempfield Twp. Mrs. Ada N. Rose a Beattie S. Children Owens East Liberty, Pa. Surlaney Owens Daughter Pittsburgh Pa. Children Barton, Nd. Thomas E. Owens Son Barber Bookkeeper Salesman Electrician Robertshaw Mechanic Mechanic Brickmaker Brickmaker Baker Tinner U.S. Marshal Mill Operator Laborer Housewife -Contractor Porcelier Pharmacist Coal Dealer Merchant Miner Merchant Ins. Agent Motorman Housewife Miner Elec. Trucker Railroader Contractor Machine Opr. Walworth Gd. Vet. Surg. Postal Clerk Farmer Shipper Miner Garage Theaters Factory Hgwy, worker Merchant Factory Mgr. Farmer Housewife Machinist Custodian Mrs. Geo. Pacek Mary E. Painter Walter M. & Clare B. Paii Mrs. Zalaker Joseph, Mike Pallitta & N Mary DiPoolo Clifford, Elmer Chas. Sam Raymond & Kenneth Palme Mrs. Alvin Patton & Mrs. Rowe Robert L., Jr. Mrs. Antionette Mari Mrs. Antony DiCezo Marie B. Patrick Elizabeth G. Patterson John, Wm. a Margaret Mrs. Bert Pattison Mrs. Jos. L. Patton Mrs. Wm. T. Patton Miss Jeannette Paul Anna Pauli G. S. Pauli Gustav & Joel Paulson & Olga Smith, Mrs. Josephir Anderson Merchant Houtzdale, Pa. Mrs. W. L. Greaves Laborer Luzerne County Stephen Pavlik, Jr. Salesman Dundee, N. Y. John H. Pierce Self Wife Gdaughter nter Children Daughter Children Irs. Children Self uel, Sons r Children Wallace Daughters Son Daughter Self Daughter Sons Self Gdaughter Self Children Wife Self Self Wife Wife Daughter Daughter Son Mrs. Children ne Daughter Son Son Year First Settler Descendents Null, E. M. Null, Millard F., Sr. Null, Philip Captain Null, Philip, Captain Null Philip, Captain Null, Philip, Captain Relationship 1925 1883 1946 1946 Italy Hannastown, Pa. Austria Carpentertown New Jersey Derry, Pa. Sealtsburg, Pa. Uniontown, Pa. Indiana County Lilly, Pa. Naples, Italy York, Pa. Crabtree Clearfield County Dunlevy Washington Co. W. Va. Irwin, Pa. Export, Pa. Williamsburg, Pa. W. Va. Youngwood Florida Ga. Irwin, Pa. New Alex., Pa. Sweden Sweden Sweden 1799 Last Previous Occupation Residence Peden, Mr. & Mrs. Jessie Cabinet maker Pedicone, Edw. Peffer, Geo Brewer Pegg, Chas. Miner Peifly John M. Weaver Peopfes, Wm. C. Attorney Penzera, Louis Laborer Perry, Edward J. Undertaker Pershing, Christian Weaver Pershing, J. L. Upholster Peters, Mrs. Anna C. Housewife Peters, Geo. P. Carpenter 1873 1904 1902 1903 1871 1881 1901 1890 1785 1925 1909 1889 1901 1887 1931 1892 1945 1907 1903 1906 1904 1948 1916 1921 1911 1926 1920 1910 1938 1904 1913 1906 1886 1909 1940 1924 1890 1890 1923 1906 1925 1890 1915 1909 1900 1857 1904 1936 1913 1860 1860 1776 1914 1918 1789 1943 1912 1914 1894 1902 Harry C. Peters Peterson, Andrew G. Peterson, Mrs. Margaret Pettigrew, A. F. Phillips Mr. & Mrs. Thos. W. Phillips, Jackson A. Pick, Earl Pidutti, Jos. A. Pierce, Carl F. Pierce, Wm. R. Pierson, J. R. Pietrandrea, Dominick Pignetti, John W. Piper, Cecile W. Piper, Morris Pitetli, Ralph Pittler, Samuel Plate, Charles 0. Playfair, Jas. H. Pletcher, Mr. & Mrs. Wm. M. Plough, Albert H. Plundo, Antonio Pochatko, Wm. Pollard, Martin Pollins, John W., Sr. Pollins, Joseph S. Pollins, Rosa Polocosky, James Pomerantz, Espher Poole, Michael S. Popson, Geo. Porter, Mrs. Cora M. Porter, Sarah S. Portser, Levi Portzer, Harry J. Post, Harold F. Potezte James Potts, George L. Potts, George L. Potts, Johanus Pratt, Thos. C., Sr. Price, H. A. Probst, John Proctor, Edw. Jas. Procyk, Charles Pross, Chas. Prugh, Jas. H. Pultz, Chas. R. Glassworker Miner Housewife Stone mason Factory Railroader Gas. Co. Contractor Physician T. Keeper Railroader Craneman Miner Railroader Electrician Miner Dentist Butcher Inspector Insurance Merchant Turnkey Insurance Agt. Farmer Miner Housewife Foreman Miner housewife Housewife Contracting Insurance Minister Barber Blacksmith Blacksmith Farmer Engineer Heinz Rep. Harness maker Carpenter Window Cleaner Merchant Teacher Builder Year First Settler 1949 Claysville, Pa. Italy Greensburg, R.D. Paintertown, Pa. Johnstown, Pa. W. Fairfield, Pa. Italy Pittsburgh, Pa. Unity Twp. Derry, Pa. Hannastown, Pa. N. Madison, Pa. Tarentum Sweden Youngwood Mt. Pleasant, Pa. New York Blairsville, Pa. Pittsburgh, Pa. Italy Vermont Jeannette, Pa. Homestead, Pa. Italy Carbon Derry, Pa. Stahlstown, Pa. Italy Yukon, Pa. W. Va. Madison, Pa. Donegal Circleville, Pa. Italy Crowsnest, Pa. Unity Twp. Unity Twp. Lycippus, Pa. Hecla Pa. New York N. Stanton, Pa. Unity Twp. Kansas Hempfield Twp. Saltsburg, Pa. Jeannette, Pa. Germany Indiana, Pa. Germany New Mexico Austria Mt. Pleasant New Alex., Pa. Virginia Descendents Ella P. Steiner Vidtor Pedicone Lucy Peffer Alfred & Lawrence Pegg Mrs. Floyd Tarr Mrs. Anna M. Peoples Sons A. N. Pershing, Sr. Robt. L. Pershing Harry Peters Jr Elise P. Armbrust, Roy & Geo. Peters Harry Peters, Jr. Anna M. John Pettigrew Mrs. Alice Phillips Hilda, Prima Julian, Anna, Frances & Aurelia Gordon & Dr. Leslie Win. R. Pierce Charles F. Pierson Louis J. Pietrandrea Mrs. Richard Leone, Mrs. A. J. Clocchi, Mrs. Jack Ging, & Theo. & Peter Pisnetti Mrs. Louise Sadus Mrs. Lillian Piper Mrs. Theresa Patetti Cassetta Leonard Pittler C. F. Plate James H. Jr Wm. M. fletcher, Jr. Albert H. Plough, Jr. Vincent Plundo Wm. & Thos. John W. Pollins, Jr. Richard B. Pollins Richard B. Pollins Mrs. Andrew S. Pavlik Resta, Edith & Mabel Mrs. Robt. Kneedler, Helen, John & Wm. Mrs. Viva Mellinger Mrs. Steele & Iden Portser Mrs. H. J. Portzer Mrs. Harold F. Post Mrs. J. F. Burhein Dr. Wm. J. Potts David A. Potts Robert Pratt Frank P. Walthour Bruce Proctor Mrs. Chas Pross Frank & Lewis Pultz Last Previous Occupation Residence Weaver Bakersville, Pa. -F- Fireman Rillton, Pa. Ireland Stone Mason Sicily Relationship Daughter Son Daughter Sons G.Gdaughter Wife Wife G.Gson Son Son Children Son Daughter Self Son Wife Wife Children Sons Gson Son Children Wife Son Son Son Son Son Son Sons Daughter Son Son Son Daughter Wife Daughters Children Daughter Children Wife Wife Self Gdaughter Son Son Son Self Gson Son Wife Sons Descendents Josephine RahI Olson Year First Settler 1922 Pyle, Josiah H. 1916 Ouatse, Guy Zahl, Jacob W. 1901 Zaimondo, Tessi 1895 Zaling, Fred 1908 Zamsay John E. 1945 Zandalf, Julia 1865 Rask, Bennett 1900 Zauscher, Charles 1917 Zay, Mrs. Sarah 1947 Zaymond, Edward 1947 Zaznak, John 1815 Zeamer, Daniel Sr. 1863 Zeamer, Solomon 1863 Zeamer, Solomon 1939 Zeaney, Robert 1895 Zeardon, Patrick A. 1944 Zebech, Robert 1914 Zedding, Carl Clayton 1943 Zedman John C. 1880 eed, Cyrus T. 1896 teed, Daniel W. 1914 teed, George 1884 Zeed, J. Cavode 1932 Zeedy, Joseph Franklin 1897 Zeese, Charles 1870 Zeese, Joseph 1942 Zegis, Michael M. 1948 Zehrig, Earl E. 1909 Zeigh, Lawrence F. 1942 Zeiley, Elizabeth M. 1942 Zeiley, Robert J. 1935 Zeineke, Chester 1917 Zeinfried, John E. 1935 Zeinkmeyer, Elizabeth A 1923 Zemal, Wm. B. 1919 tempes H. W. 1921 Zeno, Mary Ellen 1905 hea D M. 1930 ;hodes, Howard A. 1888-ial, John 1925 Zice, Samuel 1920 Zich, G. S. 1914 3ichards, W. R. 1908 Zichardson, Ollie 1890 Zichardson, R. Thomas 1941 Walter, Richter 1926 Ziedell Paul W. 1908 iehl, 6. P. Ziddle, James 1947 Ziddle, John P. 1900 Zidsdale Wm. 1906 Ziehl, Mr. & Mrs. Geo. 1870 Riley, Patrick 1917 Zinier, James 1899 Zipplemyer, Henry 1910 Ziser, Geo. Alexander 1942 Zishel, Mrs. Christine 1903 Zising, Martin J. 1925 Zitenour, Leroy L. 1917 Zoache Floyd 1920 Zobb, Edward A. e ark Laundry Tailor Carpenter Field Repr. Hairdresser Merchant Farmer Farmer Machinist Molder Coremaker Chemist Railroader Railroader Steelworker Business man Engineer Miner Farmer Manager Dyemaker Housewife Student Salesman Merchant . Housewife Salesman Photographer Jeweler Clerk Prothonotary Merchant Laborer Mng. Engineer Photographer Butcher Rubber worker Elec. Eng. Miller Miner YMCA Miner Miller Railroader Laborer Baker Miner Bookkeeper Harness maker Barber Railroad Clerk Tool maker -293- Carbon, Pa. Mrs. John Ramsay Forbes Road Sweden Oscar & Alfred New York Nelson W. Va. Mary Margaret McMorris Pittsburgh, Pa. Mrs. Edward Raymond Claridge Mrs. John Raznak Mrs. Frank S. Welty -empfield Twp. Mrs. W. W. Jeffers lempfield Twp. Helen Wirsing 3lairsville, Pa. New Jersey Mrs. Ralph L. Kough Export, Pa. Mrs. Robert Rebech )ayton, Pa. Merle Wally, Carl, Carlyl Ohio Mrs. John C. Redman Derry, Pa. J. Wallace Reed Mrs. D. W. Reed Middle Churches, Pa. Lookport, Pa. Mrs. William Steel Oil City, Pa. Mrs. J. F. Reedy Sells Lane, Pa. W. F. Reese Donegal Alvira Reese New York City Mrs. M. M. Regis Bellefonte, Pa. Millevale, Pa. Mrs. L. F. Reigh Parkinsburg, W.Va. W. Va. W. Va. Daniel, Harriet & Louise K Manor, Pa. Pittsburgh, Pa. Washington, D. C. Italy Chambersburs, Pa. Mrs. D. M. Rhea Uniontown, Pa. Thomas Richard a Gladys West Newton, Pa. Mrs. W. M. Rial Pittsburgh, Pa. A. S. Rice Crabtree, Pa. Mrs. G. S. Rich Westmd. City, Pa. Ohio Mrs. 0. Richardson Huntingdon, Pa. Pearl Richardson Scottdale, Pa. Mrs. Walter Richter Manor Cambria Co., Pa. Charles Minnesota Charles, Earl & Clyde Milivale, Pa. Mrs. John P. Riddle W. Va. Irene Ridsdale Hempfield Twp. Mrs. H. C. Smeltzer New York T. J. Riley White Station Pa. Alex, Pete, John, Wm. & I Mt. Pleasant, Pa. B. F. & Jacob Luxor, Pa. Alfred & Mrs. Robt. Lotma Crabtree Pa. Lois & Mrs. Betty Lauffer Indiana, Pa. Martin J. Rising Saltlick Twp., Pa. Youngwood, Pa. Jack Roache Scotland Relationship Daughters Paul In Gdaughter Self Self Wife Self Sons Son Wife Wife Daughter Gdaughter Gdaughter Self Daughter Wife Children Wife Son Wife Self Gniece Wife Son Daughter Wife Self Wife Self Self Self Children Self Self Self Self Widow Children Gchildren Son Widow Self Widow Daughter Wife Self Son Gchildren Wife Daughter Son Sons Sons Children Daughters Son Self Son Self 1799 1949 George Armstrong, Esquire, of Greensburg was inspector of the 1st brigade, 13th Division of the Pennsylvania Militia which was the recruiting unit for the young men of Greensburg. The volunteer unit was called the Greensburg Rifle Company. That Greensburg was pre- paring for war before its actual declaration is shown by brigade orders for drill, issued by Inspector Armstrong on May 28, 1812 (Ibid May 28, 1812) and orders for drill and practice issued to the Greensburg Rifle Company June 11, 1812. The following news items depict Greensburg's military atmosphere during the war: "Pittsburgh, September 24, 1812" "Yesterday the Pittsburgh Blues commanded by. Captain Butler and the Greensburg Rifle Company, Captain J. B. Alexander, left this on their way to Join General Harrison. They embarked on board boats and will proceed by water nearly to Cincinnati. On Tuesday the West- moreland Troop of Cavalry, Captain Markle, also left this on their march to Urbana." (Greensburgh & Indiana Register October 1, 1812). "On Tuesday evening last, the drafted militia from the 1st brigade, 13th Division marched from this place for Pittsburgh." (Ibid.) "We have seen a letter from an officer of Captain Markle's troop which states that during the seige of Fort Meigs they had one killed, two bodily wounded and four slightly. Price was the person killed and Finley M'Grew and Gilbert bodily wounded....The Greensburg Rifle men had one wounded......Samuel M'Lean ...... one killed. "James Taylor, a private in the Greensburgh Company and son of Mr. John Taylor on the Loyalhanna, died of sickness at Fort Meigs on the 8th inst." (Ibid. May 29, 1813). "Died at Fort Meigs on the 18th inst. Sargent John Jameison of the Greensburg Rifle Company, son of Mr. John Jameison of Unity Township, Westmoreland County, Pa." (Ibid. September 4, 1813). BRIGADE ORDERS "A general Court Martial, of which Lt. Col. David Ryall will be president, will meet at the house of Daniel Shaeffer, in Greensburgh, on Monday the 28th inst. for the trial of such non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the 1st brigade, 13th Division Pennsylvania Malitia as shall be brought before the Court, on charges of Having failed to obey the general orders of the Governor of 12th May, 1812, 5th September, 1813 and 31st March, 1813. And also for the trial of all such persons as shall be brought before the Court for desertion from the detachment of Militia from this brigade, when in service of the United States in per- suance of the above orders. The Court will consist of the following members: Majors: Alexander Sutton, Andrew Byerly. Captains: Thomas M'Quaide, John Hamilton, John Williamson, John Hill, Daniel M'Kown, William Craig. Lieutenants: John M'Dowell, John Sherbondy. Judge Advocate: Lieutenant Humphrey Fullerton. "The Adjutants of the respective regiments are charged with communicating their orders to the commanding officers of companies; who will cause the delinquents and deserters of their several companies to be present before the Court Martial. "The Commanding officers of companies will be attentive to bring with them their muster rools, designating the delinquencies and deser- tions of such persons as shall be brought before the Court for trial. By order of the Commander-in-Chief. P.S. their (Ibid. George Armstrong Inspector Ist Brigade Division, P.M. 13th The officers to appear in complete uniform and to bring with them commissions. February 26, 1814). G. A." "Captain J. Johnson of the 1st Regiment, United States Infantry has opened a Recruiting Rendezvous, in Greensburgh and invites those who are disposed to join the army, to take the opportunity to serve themselves and their country. "Few young men can do as well for themselves in any other way, as by enlisting under the advantage it affords, to wit: A bounty of 124 dollars and 160 acres of land; 8 dollars monthly pay; and ample clothing and subsistance during the term of service. "The bounty is paid as of: Fifty dollars at the time of enlistment, fifty dollars when mustered for service and twenty-four dollars and 160 acres of land at the expiration of the service, as directed by law. "A premium of eight dollars, will be given to any person, who procures an able bodied, recruit, between the age of 18 and 45 years. "Immediate employment and liberal awards will be given to a good drummer and fifer. -15-- 1799 Year First Setle 1944 1939 1944 1904 1916 1857 1917 1892 1822 1824 1822 1892 1860 1947 1915 1840 1901 1933 1866 1890 1928 1910 1766 1766 1768 1916 1939 1888 1917 1945 1895 1897 1942 1890 1894 1924 1910 1920 1874 1906 1927 1914 1943 1888 1942 1934 1943 1940 1896 1905 1778 1772 1902 1941 1893 1884 Last Previous Occupation Residence Descendents Instructor Ligonier, Pa. George, Dorothy, Nancy & Barbara Ins. Agent Manor, Pa. Donald & Judith Nurse Mt. W ashington, Pa. Sailor Pittsburgh, Pa. Eugene, Jos., Edw., Alvin, Richard, Genevieve & Mrs. Evaline Resi Manufacturer Pittsburgh, Pa. John A. Robertshaw Housewife Mrs. G. E. Berry Controller W. Va. William B. Robinson Salesman Saltsburs, Pa. Paul M. Robinson Merchant Pleasant Unity, Pa. Walter D. Robinson, Wesley Robinson Merchant Pleasant Unity, Pa. Mrs. W. J. Potts Merchant Pleasant Unity, Pa. Jos. K. Robinson Saltsburs, Pa. Paul M. Merchant Hempfield Twp. Mrs. E. F. Barnhart & Mrs. W. J. Potts Clerk Latrobe, Pa. Barbara & Donna Domestic Va. Ellis & Edward Merchant Jos. K., Homer & Wesley Laborer Italy Mrs. Edw. Pedicone Machine Opr. Mary Frances Resister & Rec. Franklin Co., Pa. Gail Hebrank Carpenter Unity Twp. Mrs. James Wolfe Accountant Connellsville, Pa. James & Neil Wholesale Gcr. Latrobe, Pa. Mrs. R. H. Jamison Jr. & Philip D. Rodgers Housewife Hagerstown, Md. Mrs. Jean M. Dick Meyer Justice of Peace Maryland Mrs. Jean M. Dick Meyer Justice of Peace Maryland Cecilia Donohoe Wilson Housewife Dravosburs, Pa. Kaaren & Leslie Salesman McKeesport Pa Kaaren & Leslie Contractor Armstron , to. Paul T. & Wayne T. Miner Banning, Pa. Stephen J. Jr., Joseph & Ann Deter Bell Tele. Co. Mt. Lebanon, Pa. Albert E. Rose, Jr. Retired E. Huntsd. Twp. Morris L. Rose Mine inspector Unlontwon, Pa. Olive Esther Woods Robb, Geo. F. Roberts, Charles H. Roberts, Martha Scheid Roberts, Tony A. Robertshaw G. A. Robinson Carrie E. Cecil B. Robinson Robinson, Frank L. Robinson, George Robinson, George Robinson, George Robinson, Jane R. Robinson, James B. Zobinson, Mrs. Jeanetta Zobinson, Mrs. Minnie Zobinson, Wm. ;occo, Frank Zocco, James D. Zock, Samuel Zodehaver, Wm. A. Zodgers, James V. John A. Rodgers Zohrer, Catherine D. Zohrer, Frederick Sr. Zohrer, Frederick A. Zojohn, Bette C. Zo ohn, Clyde A. Zoland, Clarence E. Zoman, Stephen J. Sr. Rose, Albert E. Rose, Christopher J. Ross, Chauncey B. Ross Mr. & Mrs. J. V lure toss, James W. Zoss, Samuel S. toss, Mrs. T. McKowen Zoss, Thomas A. tote, Allyn T. Zowe, Amos Z. lowe, George J. Zowe Mr. Wallace Zowell, Wmi. James Zowlands, Wm. T. Zoy, Tony Zudy, Ansel C. uff, Win. H. Zuffner, Jerome Ruffner, Mrs. Mabel Ruffner, Simon Ruffner, Thomas M. Ruch, Michael Rush, Oliver Peter Rugh, Peter Rule, Percy B. Rummel, Floyd P. Rummel, Wm. J. Russell, Wm. Y. Derry, Pa. Farmer Ligonier, Pa. Carpenter Pittsburgh, Pa. Teacher New Alexandria, Retired farmer Unity Township Paper ruler Williamsport, Pa. Carpenter Delmont, Pa. Minister Indiana, Pa. Tool maker Jeannette, Pa. - Mechanic Uniontown Pa. Merchant Pittsburgh, Pa. Retired Connecticut Accountant Harrisburg, Pa. Retired Greensburg, R.D. Railroader Derry, Pa. Housekeeper Latrobe, Pa. Clerk Unity Twp. Coal Operator Unity Twp. Farmer Lehigh, Co., Pa. Saw mill opr. Germany Farmer N. Amptm Co. Mng. Engineer Oklahoma Electrician Saxonsburg, Pa. Grocery Clerk Fenneltown, Pa. Carpenter Indiana County Mrs. J. E. Paulson S. S. Ross Pa. James W. Ross Mrs. Merton Seflinger Paul Elsie & Mary Smucker J. Wyant Benton Rowe Nicholas Mrs. Betty Rudy D. C. Ruff John Ruffner John P. Ruffner Homer Ruffner George C. Fred, John & Fred S. T. E. Rebstock Anna M. Bortz Percy B. Rule, Jr. & Mary Joan Mrs. F. P. Rummel Mrs. Wm. J. Patton Harry C. Relationship Children Children Self Children Brother Daughter Son Son Gsons Gdaughter G.Gson Son Daughters Daughters Sons Children Daughter Daughter Gdaughter Daughter Sons Children G.Gdaughter G.Gdaughter G.Gdaushter Children Children Sons Children Son Gdaughter Self Daughter Son Self Son Children Son Son Self Self Son Wife Son Self Sons Gson Children Wife Daughter Son 1949 Year First Settler 1898 1913 1900 1904 1910 1910 1902 1902 1919 1906 1900 1919 1912 1944 Sabatine, Antonio Sabatine, Charles Sabatine, John Sabatine, Michael Sabatino Giovanni Sabato, tarlo Sabga, Joseph Sab.sa, Michael Sadler, Harry W. Sager, W. Harvey Saglime, Charles Mrs. Sagueiueiu, Joseph Saler, George B. Salvatore, Avati Salvatore, Frank 1904 Salvio, Bennie 1932 Sampson, Harvey 1936 Sanders, Alfred 1935 Sanders, Ralph W. 1947 Sanial, James A. & Elizabeth C. Sanner, Christian 1934 Sanner Ernest R. 1946 Sano, Ross L. 1925 Santone Anthony 1947 Sarver, Henry 1829 Sarver, Jacob A. 1860 Sarver, Jonathan Last Previous Occupation Residence Barber Laborer PRR Laborer Retired Barber Clerk Plasterer Miner Shipping Clerk Miner Molder Laborer Railroad Stewart Army Housewife Fitter Mechanic Machinist Retired Farmer Farmer Sarver, Nevin G. Oil Distril Sarver Ralph E. Tool Mak Sass, Joseph A. Distributor Saul, Arthur James Clerk Saul, Myrtle B. Housewif Saul, Wilson G. Ticket As Saxton, Paul H. PRR Scialler, E. J. Bakery Pro Sciildkamp, Joseph N. Tool Make Scinur, Anna Millen, Mrs. Sciomaker, Peter F. Merchant Sc,reck, Arthur P. Salesman Sclubert, R. R. Manager Sciumaker, Francis P. Molder Sciweinsburs, C. W. Retired Scott, Albert Oilman Scott, John W., Mr. & Banker Mrs. Seacrist, James K. Police Cle Seeno, J. O. Seeno, J. O. Seifert, Frank E. Seller, Michael Sellinger, Merton L. Seybert, J. H. Seymore, Anna L. Shaffer, Frank Shaffer, Henry Elmer Shakespear, Roy Shallenberser, Frank S. Shambaugh, Jacob L. butor er r e ent rpr. er Waterbury, Conn. Italy Italy Italy Italy Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Hannastown Salova Italy New York Meyersdale, Pa. Bovard, Pa. Huntsdale Bovard, Pa. Bovard, Pa. Pleasatn Unity Pitcairn, Pa. Pittsburgh Pa. Hempfield Twp. Hannastown, Pa. Salem Township Newark, N.J. Delmont, Pa. Irwin, Pa. Youngwood, Pa. Blairsville Trenton, N. J. Charlotte, N.C. Pittsburgh, Pa. St. Louis, Mo. St. Louis, Mo. Bethlehem, Pa. New Stanton, Pa. Hemplield Twp. Descendents Leonard C. Sabatine James Sabatine Philip Kallic & Joseph Monsour Philip Kallic & Joseph Monsour William C. Sager Sebastian Sasueiueiu Angelo J., Augustina, Salvatore, Jr., & Conectta Salvatore James A., Jr. & Elizabeth C. Sanial Dr. Samuel S. Sheffler & Elizabeth S. Stephenson Arthur Schaller Mrs. Hobart Seller Vincent F. Schumaker Arthur Schweinsburg Mrs. William Close & Mrs. James F. Luttrell rk Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Ruth L. Seacrist & James W. Seacrist Insurance Insurance Printer Hotel Prop. Westinghouse Tool & Dye Maker Blue Printer Parr Wagon Works Electrician Crane Man Retired Store Manager Derry, Pa. Mechanicsburg, Pa. Jeannette Hobart Seiler Salladosbury, Pa. New Kensington Jennie Seybert Pittsburgh Donegal Alex Seymore Don, Alvin & Ardith Shaffer Youngwood James Shaffer Rita Shakespear Edgewood, Pa. Miss Frances Shallenbersger Carlisle, Pa. Virginia Shambaugh Relationship Nephews Nephews Sister Children Son Daughter Son Son Gchildreo Daunhter Children Daughter Daughter Son Children Son Daughter Daughter Daughter Sons Son Daughters Daughters Children Son Sons Husband Sons Son Daughter Daughte -294- RR Engineer 1923 1919 1901 1890 1900 1908 1931 1948 1907 1947 1924 1924 1944 1916 1871 1923 1904 1918 1903 1906 1930 1919 1944 1904 1947 1892 1924 1930 1799 -all~ Occupation Miner Shaner, Neri D. Engineer Siapiro Nathan Salesman Slarp, Sylvester Plumbs. & Htg. Slaw, Charles E. Glass Worker Slaw John B. Tool Maker Siawley, Harry Painter S eets, Orwin Sleetz, P. R., Sr. Merchant S effler, Samuel Farmer Shepler, Minnie, Mrs. Housewife Sheraw, Charles A. Clerk Sheridan, Ella, Mrs. Housewife Shields, James A. Merchant Shields, James Craig Lawyer Shimshock, Mary Mrs. Housewife Shipro, Jacob Retired Shively, Samuel & Mary Salesman Shoemaker, George Long Druggist Shofnosky, Annie, Mrs. Housewife Shotts, Charles Clerk Shrader, Daniel Teamster Shrader, Joseph C. Brick Layer Shrader, W. D. Retired Shrader W. L. Engineer Shrum, kuben Merchant Shue, B. F., Rev. & Mrs. Minister Shupe, David W. Commissioner 1867 1909 1944 1946 1910 1912 1948 1924 1850 1902 1940 1903 1872 1883 1945 1891 1875 1905 1881 1937 1867 1892 1933 1940 1820 1948 1891 1890 1990 1920 1914 1910 1889 1906 1897 1889 1920 1919 1893 1885 1919 1924 1935 1902 1916 1926 1889 1903 1903 1910 1895 1906 1913 Carpenter Salesman Salesman Plumber Dairyman Lawyer Miner Tool Maker Farmer Field Mgr. Housewife RR Foreman Miner Painter Miner Housewife Policeman Painter Lawyer Carpenter Mechanic Miner Merchant Attorney Clerk Physician Last Previous Residence Descendents Germany Marie B. Pierce, Frank J. Black, Jr. Edna B. Murray, Joseph & Robert Black Shearsburg, Pa. Philip K. & Philip K. Shaner, Jr. &j Helen Shaner Gurley Pittsburgh Mrs. Charlotte Star Uniontown Mrs. Sylvester Sharp Bovard Mt. Pleasant Jessie H. Shaw Johnstown Erma Shawley Indiana Mrs. Orwin Sheets Connellsville Percy R., Jr. & Patricia Sheetz Youngstown, Pa. Dr. Samuel S. Sheffler &8 Elizabeth S. Stephenson Mutual Mrs. Edna Williams Hunkers, Pa. Mildred, David & Dennis Sheraw Massillon, Ohio New Alex., Pa. James E. Shields, Nan L. Shields C & Mary D. Shields Salem Twp. James C. Shields, Jr. Nemacolin, Pa. Russia Gertrude Shipro Youngwood John Shively Newburg, Pa. Gerald E. Shoemaker, Mrs. C. D. Henry & Mrs. Zelina Stouffer Russia Mrs. Meyer Charapp & Mrs. Morris Young Los Angeles, Calif. Middletown, Pa. Lawrence Shrader Madison Edith Painter The Narrows, Pa. Mrs. Mariorie Burkhart Youngwood, Pa. Hempfield Twp. Apollo. Pa. Larry, Benjamin & Joyce Shue Trauger Trauger, Pa. Carnegie Hempfield Twp. Hempfield Twp. Luxor Mrs. Mary G. Lord David M. K. Shupe, Donald K. Shupe a Mrs. Jessie D. Klingensmith Christina Walthour, Emma Robinson Charles P. Siemon & Arbsilus M. Siemon JoAnne Siemon Mrs. Geraldine Clemens Jacob Henry Silvis, Jr. James C. Silvis, Laura S. Kelley, Ruth S. Hanson, Gladys S. Black Scottdale Mrs. A. F. Simpson Hempfield Twp. H. C. Smeltzer Cambridge Springs Evelyn Joan Smith Ruffsdale, Pa. Jacob Smith John H. Smith Ruffsdale, Pa. Connellsville Lena Smith Milwaukee, Wis. William J. Smith, Jr. Salem Twp. Ligonier, Pa. . Children Monessen Vincent R. Smith, Jr. Carmichaels, Pa. Mrs. W. J. Nicewonger Hunker, Pa. Export Pa. Penn iTwp. Mt. Union, Pa. Pittsburgh L. Kennard Snyder Daniel John Snyder, Jr. John M. Snyder, Jr. Bessie Margaret Snyder a Mrs. Hazel Snyder Year First Settler 1800 Shandorf, Frank Year 1910 1913 1801 1923 1942 1918 1937 1874 1898 1903 1912 1940 1903 1937 1938 1798 1943 1924 1791 1880 First Settler Occupation Snyder, Winifred F., Mrs. Housewife Sorber Samuel R. Attorney SowasA, Abraham Carpenter Sowash, Earl PRR Sowash, Nettie M., Mrs. Housewife Sparks, Samuel H. Engineer Speals, William L. Salesman Spellmuer, Caroline Housewife Spindler, Jacob Carpenter Spino, Peter Laborer Spirko, Fred Laborer Spray, Wayne Murray Merchandising Stairs, C. . Pattern Maker Lewis Stanley Engineer Starenchak, Nick, Mrs. Housewife Stark, Adam Carriage Shop Starkey C. H. Store work States, fick St. Clair, William Bell Tele. Mgr. Steck, John M., Rev. Minister Steel, John B., Judge Lawyer Relationship Daughter Wife Wife Wife Children Gchildren Children Children :hildren Son Children Children Gson Daughter Gdaughter Sons Children Children Daughter Son Children Children Wife Daughter Brother Son Daughter Son Daughter Children Son Son Son Daughter Housewife Housewife Executive, Robertshaw Butcher Salesman Miller Miller Bricklayer Mechanic Druggist Miner Lumberer Housewife Mason Hod Carrier Hod Carrier Farm Hand Housewife Stone Mason Busman Stock Market Bakery Housewife Retired Farmer Mold Maker Purch. Agent Merchant Railroader Last Previous Residence Canonsburg, Pa. Jeannette Berks Co., Pa. Hannastown, Pa. Connellsville, Pa. Monongahela Bun, Pa. Hempield Twp. Trauger Pa. Wilkinsurg, Pa. Lynn, Mass. Willespen, Pa. Germany Scottburo, AIA. Iklana, Greece Duquesne Germany Hannastown Mt. Pleasant Twp. Seymour, Ind. Youngwood Pittsburgh, Pa. Cleveland, O. Ford City, Pa. Berlin, Germany Freeport, Pa. Czechoslovakia Mercer, Pa. Southwest, Pa. New Castle McConnellsburg, Pa. Murrysville Wittenberg, Germany Maryland Maryland Uniontown Pa. Hempfield twp. Indiana Adamsburg Pittsburgh Hecla, Pa. Shelocta, Pa. Pittsburgh, Pa. Jeannette Irwin, Pa. Armburst, Pa. Descendents Daniel John Snyder, Jr. Pauline T. & Samuel Sorber, Jr. Mrs. Ida Hoffman Anderson Hazel M. Sowash Mrs. Barbara Riley Kathryn, Gertrude & Edward Spindler Vincent Spino Mrs. W. C. Roadman Mrs. Albertson Mrs. C. H. Starkey Avra N. Pershing, Jr. 8 Kathleen Pershing William Steel Sara Steel Collins, Ellen Steel Wood, Madge Steel Amend Relationship Son Wife and Son G.G.Gdter. Wife & Daughter Daughter Children Nephew Children Daughter G.Gdaughter Wife G.G.G. Gchildren Children Children Sarah Steel Collins Daughter Husband Mrs. Edward Stegar Wife Mrs. Arnold Steiner Wife Steiner John Frank & John Steiner, Mrs. Irene Children Long & Mrs. Sarah Hammer Leah Steiner Wife Samuel Surony Son Mrs. Homer L. Keener, Jr. Gdaughter John H. Stephenson, Jr. & Sons Walter E. Stephenson J. W. Stephenson, Jr. Son Mrs. C. L. Stewart Wife Ide Mae Holden Daughter Jim. D. Stocker Son Harry Stokes & Geraldine Eddins Mrs. Alvira Moseby Daughter John H. Nimmey & Thomas E. Stokes Mrs. Bryson Daughter Olive Mechling McGill G.Gdaughter Jennie M. Stough Children Roger B. Bailey & Margaret B. Stump Roger B. Bailey & Margaret B. Stump Jessie B. Sturgeon, Nan J. Sturgeon, Mrs. Fanrk E. Maddocks & W. C. Sturseon Mrs. Hulda F. Sunder Ruth Sutherland, Paul D. 8 Richard A. Sutherland Alvira E. Sweeny Nancy Vella Fiore Children Children Children Wife Wife & Sons Daughter G.Gdaughter -295- 1890 Steel, Joseph W. 1909 Steele, Madge Estelle 1941 Steffen, Louella 1942 Steffler, Walter H. 1923 Stesar, Edward 1946 Steiner, Arnold M. 1889 Steiner, Edward 1889 Steiner, Edward 1902 Steiner, Harry 1906 Surony, Stephen 1880 Stephenson, John V. 1905 Stephenson, John W. 1863 Stephenson, J. W., Sr. 1920 Stewart, C. L. 1896 Stocker, Ida McWilliams 1873 Stocker, John 1883 Stokes, Charles 1883 Stokes, Charles 1882 Stokes, Emory H. 1944 Stoner, Belle C., Mrs. 1855 Storey, Robert 1902 Stough, David Lewis 1907 Stough, Harvey 1931 Stuhlmann, John C., Mr. & Mrs. 1909 Stump, Margaret Bailey 1886 Stump, Samuel J. 1889 Sturgeon, Robert J. 1924 Sunder, Paul A. 1944 Sutherland, Earl 1887 Sweeny, Edward Braden 1885 Sylvester, Frank Sickenberger, Frank M. Siemon, F. H. Siemon Frederick H. Silk, William C. Silvis, Jacob Henry Silvis, J. R. & Lida M. Simoncic, George &8 Katherine Simpson, Albert F. Smeltzer, George P., Mr. & Mrs. Smith, Arthur Duane Smith, Cora Wilkinson Smith, Huston A. Smith, Jacob P. Smith, James E. Smith. John Smith, Mary J. Smith, Richard M. Smith, Roy Mr. & Mrs. Smith, Vincent R. Smith, Walter S. Smith, William P. Smudski, Stanley Snyder, Adam F. Snyder, Daniel John Snyder, John M., Sr. Snyder, O. B., Dr. < [ 1799 Year First Settler 1888 Taylor, Alfred L. 1872 Taylor, Edmond 1900 Taylor, James 1852 Taylor, Joseph 1907 Taylor, M. L. F. 1890 Tebetts, Mr. & Mrs. Howard 1902 Teet, Daniel 1894 Teeters, Jacob C. 1943 Terrizzi, Francis A. 1907 Terry, W. D. 1902 Testa, Antonio 1754 -iomas, Garrett 1866 iomas, John 1866 -omas, John 1870 _iomas, Jacob N. 1800 _ompson, Jas. 1887 -ompson, Elizabeth E. 1886 Thornblade, Andrew 1799 Topper, John 1799 Topper, John 1799 Topper, John 1880 Trauger, Lewis 1880 Elizabeth M. Trauger 1919 -reaser, Wm. L. 1927 riece, Chas. 1889 -rimble John C. 1940 rout, 6. W. 1771 ruby, Christopher 1771 :ruby, Christopher 1771 ruby Sybilla B. 1840 ruxa(l, Daniel S. 1805 Truxal, Jacob 1912 Truxal, Paul S. 1886 Truxal, Samuel B. 1866 Truxell, John S. 1885 Truxell, Wm. H. 1926 Tubbs, Mr. & Mrs. W. 1804 Turney, Adam Sr. 1787 Turney, Daniel 1902 Turney, Mrs. Elizabeth 1878 Turney, Frank C. 1905 Vaccare, Alfonso A. 1896 Vance, Glen C. 1849 Vance, Samuel Neel 1905 Vandervort, Wm. H. 1935 Vezzetti, Dominick 1871 Von Seldel, Heinrich 1934 Wadsworth Glen 1930 Waina, William F. 1906 Walker, Alex H. Last Previous Occupation Residence Watchman Farmer Armstrong Co. Virainia Descendents Mrs. Alfred L. Taylor Clerk Williamsport, Pa. Mrs. Eva Freet Merchant New Jersey Elizabeth Taylor, Mrs. L. J. Sheerer Salesman Mt. Pleasant, Pa. Margaret Helen & Luther Taylor Lawyer Kentucky Mrs. William Steel Coremaker Railroader Railroader Bellhop Walworth Farmer E. Philadelphia, Pa. Hunker, Pa. Kenneth Teeters Barnesboro, Pa. Mrs. Vincent DiPasquale & John Testa Hempfield Twp. 1949 Relationship Wife Daughter Daughter Daughters Children Daughter Self Son Self Self Children Vet. Hempfield Twp. Ida Cribbs Brinker Gdaughter Vet. Hempfield Two. Paul, Harry, & Howard Thomas Gsons Tavern Keeper Hempfield Twp. Leona T. Osterwise Gdaughter Gardner Greensburg, R.D. Claire McF Henninger G.Gdaughte Dressmaker Hempfield Twp. Myrtle Tittle, Theresa & James Children Thompson Miner Irwin, Pa. Mrs. C. G. Bowman & Edward Children Thomblade Laborer Unity Twp. Willis W. Topper G.Gson Laborer Unity Twp. Mrs. Edith T. Mason G.Gdaughte Laborer Unity Twp. Mrs. Laura T. Nicely G.Gdaughtf Merchant Trauger Station J. Edgar Murdock G.Gson Housewife Ligonier, Pa. J. Edgar Murdock G.Gson Co.Asr. Agent W.L., Jr. & Anne L. Treager Children Grocer Ohio Mrs. Evelyn Nessler Daughter Mechanic Conemaugh, Pa. Mrs. Freda V. Barnes Car Inspector Youngwood, Pa. Mrs. C. C. Foight, Jr. Land Owner Bucks County Sarah E. Agey G.Gdaughte Land Owner Bucks County Thomas J. Truby G.G.Gson Housewife Bucks County Mrs. Jean D. Meyer Shoemaker Latrobe, Pa. Paul S. Truxal, Mrs. Frances Fox & Gchildren Mrs. Ralph M. Nichols Farmer Mt. Pleasant, Pa. S. B. Truxal & A. N. Truxal G.G.Gsons Carpenter Greensburg, R.D. Grace Shakespeare, Ruth Holsopple & Thomas S. Truxal Children Farmer Unity Twp. Mrs. Eliz. Painter Sister Fdry. owner Mt. Pleasant, Pa. John S. & Herbert W. Truxell Gsons Merchant McKeesport, Pa. Louise Truxell Gdaughter Elec. Engr. Pittsburgh, Pa. Anna, Ruth & Sarah Daughters Tinsmith Northampton Co. Alex McConnell G.Gson Farmer Hannastown, Pa. Fred McIntyre & Miriam Watt ' G.GC Gchildren Housewife HempFeld Twp. Self Laundry Wife Uniontown, Pa. John, James & Minnie Vaccare & Mrs. N. A. Roy Mrs. E. B. Mathias Insurance Ohio Barbara Vance, Margaret Robinson & Elizabeth Shields Merchant Gall V. Kilgore a Betty Vance Blacksmith Baker Barber Brookville, Pa. Herminie, Pa. Germany Eleanor & Catherine Henry Seidel Children Children Children Self Daughters Son Metal Worker Mt. Pleasant, Pa. Engineer Manor, Pa. William F., Jr. & Richard B.tWaina Sons PRR Mt. Pleasant Twp. Alex Walker, Jr. Son Year First Settler 1942 Wa ker, Edward A. Engine 1948 Wa ker, Gordon Engine 1919 Wa I, Francis E. Truck 1904 Wa lace, Edwin A. Machir 1862 Wa lace, James M. Merch 1902 Wa lace, Jeffrey Contra 1910 Wa lace, S. C. 1906 Wa ter, C. A. Contra 1865 Wa thour, Hiram W. Printer 1850 Walthour, Irwin Printer 1889 Walthour, Philip H. Merch 1860 Walthour, William C. Painter 1900 Walton, James C. Miner 1890 Walton, J. F. Merch Walton, Riley Farmer 1937 Ward, Jean G. House 1880 Waser, Franz Carper 1932 Washabau, Brady M., Sr. PRR 1909 Watson, Matthew Secreta 1928 Watson, Otto N. PRR 1880 Watt, James Harvey Merch 1889 Waugaman, Jesse Farmer 1889 Waugaman, Josiah Farmer 1916 Weatherhead, David C. Tailor 1850 Weaver, Casper Carria 1890 Weaver, Joseph Greens Weaver, (Weber), Peter 1947 Webb, Joel H Rev. Pastor 1783 Weber, John William Ministe 1896 Wegley, Curtis H. Chemis 1917 Weightman, Joseph Mine F Last Previous Occupation Residence er er )river nist ant ctor ctor ant ant wife nter iry ant Mt. Pleasant Pa. Pelham, N.Y. Drums, Pa. New Alexandria Erie Harrison City, Pa. Salem Twp. Manor Adamsburg Adamsburg, Pa. Adamsburs Saltsburg, Pa. Delmont Delmont Pittsburgh Youngwood Scotland Albemarle, N.C. Freeport, Pa. Bushy Run Salem Twp. Parkersburg, West Virginia ie maker Salem, Ohio skeeper Naples. talyv er t oreman 1946 Weikart, D. Gilbert Purch. Agent 1890 1938 1925 1900 1913 1806 1948 1786 1794 1790 1790 Weinand, Michael Weinman, Anna Barbara Weinman, Frank Weiss, Joseph C. Weister, Bertha Young Welling, J. W. Wells, David Welty, Daniel, Sr. Welty, Frederick A. Welty, Henry, Sr. Welty, Henry Welty, John Henry Welty, Lewis 1890 Wengert, Henry 1920 Wengert, Homer 1920 Wengert, Sidney 1874 Wentling, David 1865 Wentling, John F. 1818 Wentzel, Philip Housewife Machinist Driver Seamstress Blueprinter Brick Mason Merchant Musician Merchant Glove Maker Farmer Electrician Machinist Contractor Lawyer Descendents Sara Walker Gordon Walker, Jr. Francis W. Wall Rena Wallace Gettinger Vincent E. Williams Arthur R. Jeffrey J. Regis Walthour, Mrs. Elizabeth W. Kilgore & Mrs. Katherine W. Rutledge Frank P. Walthour Clark T. Walthour Clark T. Walthour Mary Jane Walton Lilly E. Walton Riley Walton Mrs. B. Hoebing Brady, Jr. & Welty Washabau Sarah J. & Lillian Watt D. M. Waugaman, Mrs. George Westover & Mrs. John Stewart D. M. Waucan Donald Charles, Sr. Arthur St. Clair Taylor Relationship Daughter Son Son Daughter Gson Son Children Gchildren Son Wife Gson Daughter Children Son G.Gson Son New Jersey Amos, Jacob, Howard, Charles, G.Gchiled Clifford Weaver, Mrs. Winm. W. Bortz, Mrs. John Maxwell, Mrs. Harry Turney, Jacob Ebersole, Dora Ebersone & Mrs. Harry J. Portzer Avonmore, Pa. Cora D. Webb Wife E. E. Hi hberger G.G.Gson Hempfield Twp. W. F. Wegley Brother Carbon Harry J. & William C. Weightman, Children Sarah J. Miller, Mollie Woodward, Margaret W. Brown & Minnie B. Weightman Pittsburgh, Pa. Lena Jane Weikart, David R. & Wife & & Richard J. Weikart Sons Mrs. Elmer G. Olson Gdaughter Hemofield Two. Barbara Weinman Gdaughter Mt. Pleasant Punxsutawney, Pa. Salem Twp. Memphis, Tenn. Homestead Park, Pa. Lancaster County Jenny Gumbert, Sr. Margaret K. & Thomas K. Welty rn Children Wife & Son Gdauthger Wife & Family Hon. Richard D. Laird, James E., G.Gchildren Nan L. & Mary D. Shields, Hettie W. Perry, Emily W. Henry, William R. A D Jr. Hetty L. Welty Hempfield Twp. Mrs. Della W. Atkinson & Mrs. Daughters Jesse Wensert David & Fred Riehl Biddle, Pa. Joseph D. Wentling Northampton Co. Gsons -296- er er er er 1799 Werner, Jermain Last Previous Occupation Residence Miller Wertz, Carl Luther Machinist Westover Edward J. Bell Telephone Wilkesbarre, Pa. Whalen, (. J. Minister New Castle, Pa. Whipkey, Carl K. Clerk Waynesburg, Pa. Whirlow, Daniel O. Clerk Whirlow John G. Miner White, Charles Laborer Uniontown White, Harry F. Buyer Indiana, Pa. White, James Farmer & Co. Ireland Comm. White, Robert Student Whitney White Stewart Master Mech. Connellsville Whitehead, Kenneth Gas Station Leechburg Whitehead, Lewis Calvin Miner Irwin, Pa. 1917 1897 1923 1916 1941 1911 1876 1904 1938 1887 1924 1879 1942 1903 1888 1913 1913 1903 1892 1879 1854 1929 1882 1920 1906 1940 1909 1927 1874 1900 1913 1894 1945 1889 1936 1904 1908 1891 1913 1890 1879 1885 Saltsburg, Pa. Avonmore, Pa. Avonmore Bloomfield, Pa. Merwin, Pa. Hempfield Twp. Hempfield Twp. Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Madison Mt. Pleasant Latrobe, Pa. Williamstown Pa. N. Market, Md. Allegheny Bellevue, Pa. Irwin, Pa. Hempfield Twp. Blarisville Hempfield Twp. Hempfield Twp. Penn Mt. Pleasant, Pa. New Stanton Descendents Eileen, Eleanor, Nora & Jermain Werner Nancy Lee Wertz Dale Westover Marguerite Whalen Carl H. & Byron Whipkey Daniel O. Whirlow Frank White Pamale Mae White J. C. White & Russel E. White Mrs. G. M. Brinker Dennis Whitehead Mrs. Ella W. Carnes Mrs. Lydia Carnes Mrs. Essie *. Gettemy Lewis F. Whitehead William . Whitehead & Frank Whitehead Mrs. Carrie W. Bell Mary E. Baker & Mrs. Frank Sprigos Katherine W. Mellor Mrs. Ethel W. Benson Mrs. Ralph M. Nichols Relationship Daughter Sons Son Daughter Children Daughter Daughter Gdaughter Harriet W. Painter Mrs. Frank P. Wayne Mrs. R. G. Moore a Mrs. Paul Grey Marjorie Ann Wilkinson Mrs. Angeline Magrosky Robert Williams Vincent E. Williams Ellis Williams Margaret B. Willis Joseph Houston Stanley, Mary a Tom Wilson Mrs. Ambs Coulter H. & Walter W. Wilson Nancy Lee & Betty Lou Wilson Minnie S. Wineman Della T. Wingert Mrs. Robert Baer Myrtle Wirsing Daughter Son Daughter Daughters Children Sons Daughter Sons Daughter Daughter Children 1949 Year First Settler 1889 1888 1947 1935 1924 1920 1948 1947 1940 1909 1941 1899 1900 1882 1893 Wise, John E, Wissinger R. E. Woiler, Samuel C. Wo f, Alfred, Dr. & Mrs. Wo F, Miriam Larabee Wo f, Paul Burton Wo fe, C. M., Mrs. Wo fe, Ray F. Wo fe, Walter R. Wo Fe, William W. Wo insky, William Wooc Alan W. II Wooc urn, James S. Wooc man, Charles Woocs, James Findly Wooc ward, Daniel, Sr. Wooc ward, James 1911 Worley, William 1871 Wright, Henry 1887 Wright, W. A. 1910 Yates, Liebeo 1920 Yost, Frank W. Young, John B. 1889 Young, Wm. N. 1891 Yount, A. L. 1929 Yusho, Della 1910 Yusho, Paul 1905 Zambano, Egiziano 1899 Zambano, Eegdio 1845 Zellers, Harry 1908 Zercher Wm. F. 1927 Zeth, Martha B. 1912 Zimmerman, Henry O. 1904 Zimmerman, James 1881 Zimmerman, John 1812 Zimmerman, Jonathon 1920 Zimmerman, Mae S. 1886 Zimmerman, William T. 1888 Zundel, Henry M. Least Previous Occupation Residence Retired Driver Teamster Chiropodist State Employee Chemist Machinist Retired Engineer Salesman Policeman Broker Minister Miner Lawyer Miner Miner Ruffsdale Johnstown Philadelphia Wilmore, Ky. Pittsburgh, Pa. Irwin Somerset Ohio Crabtree Pittsburgh, Pa. Academe, Pa. Carbon Handcocke Descendnts Mrs. S. C. Wohler Jeffrey Alan Wolf Ellen Steel Wood Miss M. R. Woods Margaret Woodward Harry James, William & Daniel WoodJward a Margaret Kiehel & Jessie W. Coughenour Ostepath Ohio Farmer Culpepper, Va. Carpenter Carpentertown, Pa. Oliver Weston Laborer Italy Elec.Contractor Irwin, Pa. Minister Minister Housewife Laborer Stone mason Contractor Farmer Railroader Housewife Toolmaker Welder Baltimore, Md. Williamsport, Pa. Export, Pa. -Z- Italy Italy Hempfield Twp. Williamsport, Pa. Grove City, Pa. United, Pa. Murraysville, Pa. Mrs. Vincent Petroy & Mrs. Earl Fair Mrs. Frank Yost Sara Bolton Golden Young May D. L. Yount Mrs. Egiziano Zambano Mrs. Eegdio Zambano Mrs. A. F. Bourdon Mrs. Homer L. Keener, Jr. Jean Bailey Martha Z. Arendas Thresher HempReld Twp. Pearl Crosby Farmer Hempfield Twp. Gerald Zimmerman Housewife Brinkerton Martha Z. Arendas Carpenter Hempfield Twp. Zelma B. Walker, Mrs. J. R. Hancuff, Orla Zimmerman Teacher Hempfield Twp. Mrs. Wm. E. Kuhns a Mrs. Howard Thomas Year First Setler -297- Relationship Children Daughters Wife Son Children Children Wife Children Daughter Wife Children Daughter Children Wife Gdaughter Daughter Son Wife Wife Gdaughter Daughter Sister Daughter Gdaughter G.Gson Daughter Children Daughters Whitesell, John Carpenter Whitesell, J. F., Mrs. Housewife Whitesell, J. Frank Retired Whitmore, Ella, Mrs. Housewife Whitten, Charles Edward Judge Wible, Harrison P. L. Carpenter Wible, Joseph Peter Carpenter Wible, M. F. Salesman Wible, Thomas E. Contractor Wieland, Fred G. Clerk Wilcox, George Miner Wilkins, W. Lloyd Accountant Wilkinson, Preston L. Maintenance Williams, Angelo Laborer Williams, Charles R. Accountant Williams, Vincent E. Lawyer Williams William Miner Willis, C. H. Manufacturer Wilson, Alice Houston Housewife Wilson, E. Frank Maint. Supt. Wilson, John, Mr. & Mrs. Coal Worker Wilson, W. D. Merchant Wilson, William W. Laborer Wineman, Caleb J. Carpenter Wineman, Wayne Contractor Wineman, William J. Kelly & Jones Wingert, C. H. Retired Wingert, Henry Farmer Winters, George Wirsing, James J., Capt. Real Estate Wirsing, Pearl C. Homemaker 1799 1949 1799 1949 INDEX OF ILLUSTRATIONS -A- Adams Express ....................254 American Legion Auxiliary.......... 190 American Legion, Past Commanders.. 190 Anderson, Dr. John S............... 225 Anderson, Rev. L. W ................86 Apple, Rev. Thomas. ............... 82 Armory .......................... 188 Armstrong Mantel .................. 215 Art Club .........................135 Athletic Association ................ 199 -B- Bair, Edward H ................... 53 Bait, Rev. John F.................. 94 Banker, Rev. A. F.................. 97 Barber Shop Scene ................. 232 Barclay Bank ...................... 272 Basket Ball ........................ 202 Bench and Bar 1940 ................ 221 Bench and Bar 1922 ................ 219 Bennett & Talbott ................. 230 Bethel Methodist Episcopal Church .. 86 Board of Control .................. 156 Boerstler, Rev. Samuel ............. 75 Bott, L. W. Contractor .............230 Bott, John C., Shoemaker ........... 238 Bowman Store .................. 251 Boy Scout Camp (first) ............. 179 Boy Scout Staff, Wesco, 1948 ....... 179 Brougher, Rev. M. J............... 96 Brugger, Father Linus .............. 104 Brunot, H. J ......................144 Bunker Hill .......................264 Burhenn, George F. ................. 234 Burrell Doorway. .................. 213 Burrell, Judge Jeremiah Residence.... 213 -C-- Cadets, 1898 ......................189 Calvary Presbyterian Church........ 95 Casino Theater ...................277 Centennial Parade at Main & Pittsburgh St............. 35 Chapman, Rev ................... . 74 Charter Members, H. S. Alumni...... 56 Christ Church (Espicopal) ........... 80 Children's Home ................... 181 Church of the Brethren ............ 96 Church of the Brethern ............. 96 (early church) Church of God .................... 100 Church, Jesus Christ .............. 112 Church of the Open Door ........... 98 City Band, 1895 ....................128 City, Early View ................... 123 Cole, Dr. Thomas. ................. 225 Communicants, Episcopal ........... 127 Company "I", 1889 ...............186 Company "I" at San Francisco ...... 188 Conestoga Wagon .................. 2 Conestoga Wagon .................. 249 Coulter, R......................... 185 Court House, (Third) ........... 262-211 Court House ..................... 216 Cowan, Frank ..................... 239 -D-- Democratic Times .................. 143 Dieffenbacher, Rev. C. R............ 76 District School .................... 50 Doctors ........................... 225 Drum Corps ...................... 160 Electric Railways ................. 264 Electric Workers ................... 261 Empire A. C. 1940 ................. 203 Eroh, Rev ........................ 76 Entrance to School ................ 48 Eyster, Rev. Michael .............. 81 -F- Fair Grounds ....................208 Farmer's Register ................. 14 First Antioch Church .............. 97 First Baptist Church ............... 85 First Brick School ................. 47 First Christian Church ............. 88 First Christian Scientist. ............ 109 First Lutheran Church. ............. 75 Fire Engine, Modern ...............160 Fleming, Harry .................... 201 First Methodist Church............. 78 First National Bank ................248 First Presbyterian. ................. 77 First Reformed ..................... 76 Fiscus, Dr. James H................ 225 Fisher, Harry ..................... 53 Fisher House ......................250 Free Methodist ................... 90 Football Squad, 1927............... 206 Frontispiece........................ 1 Gardner's Band .................... 247 Gas Certificate .....................260 German Prayer Book............... 241 G. H. S. Team 1921 ................ 207 G. H. S. Champions ................ 204 G. H. S. Basketball Team...........207 Giesy, Rev. S. H ................... 82 Girl Scouts......................180 Grandstand, Fairgrounds. ........... 201 Greensburg, 1879................... 42 Greensburg from N. Main St......... 22 Greensburg from Div. St. ........... 24 Greensburg from Roughton .......... 29 Greensburg Daily Tribune ....... 145-148 Greensburg Democrat ...............142 Greensburg Evening Star ............ 146 Greensburg Herald ................. 142 Greensburg Ind. Register, ........... 13 Greensburg Review ................. 147 Green Trojans ..................... 191 Gregg, Curtis H ................... 222 Goodwill Engine ................... 149 Guests at Anniversary .............. 44 -H- Hacke, Rev. N. P ................... 76 Halstead, Rev. P. J ............. 92 Harman, J. Paul .................. 81 Hempfield Foundry Workmen ........266 Henry's Original Plant .............. 140 Herbert, R. W ................. 143 High School Team .............. 202-203 High School Room ................ 51 Hoffer's Bakery .................... 235 Home for Aged .....................182 Hook and Ladder .................. 153 "Hope" heifer ..................... 96 Hose Cart........................ 152 Hose Company No. 1 ...............152 Hose Company No. 2 ............... 153 Hose Company No. 3 ...............154 Hose Company No. 6 ............... 154 Hose Company No. 7...............155 Hose Company No. 8 ............... 155 Huey Apartment Fire............... 151 Huff, Residence .................... 214 Hunter, Dr. Robert J.............. 225 -i- Jack M ansion .....................214 Jamison, Fred...................... 201 Jennings, Timothy .................. 229 Judges, Lawyers 1900............... 217 -K- Kalp, Rev. J. I ....................100 Keaggy Entrance ................... 277 Keener, John M ................... 156 Kelly & Jones .....................267 Kermess Group, 1894............... 131 -299- 1799 1949 INDEX OF ILLUSTRATIONS Kermess Beauties .................. 275 Kissel Spring Visitors ............... 268 Kiwanis Club ......................167 Laird, John M .....................147 Laughner, Catherine Bush........... 44 Leaving for Philippines ............ 187 Lions Club................... ...169 Loane, Rev. William P. C.......... 80 Lobach, Rev. S. E. ................. 94 Local Beauties ..................... 275 Log Cabin .........................209 Love, Rev ........................ 74 Lynch, Residence ............... .. . 214 _M_ Main Street, unpaved .............. 33 Map of Greensburg ............... 8-237 March, Dr. Thomas ............... 55 Married Woman's Club............. 184 Martin's Drug Store, 1894........... 227 McCormick, Dr. John............... 225 McCullough, Congressman .......... 222 McKee, Dr. Claude W.............. 225 McKee, Patent ............... ..... 5 McKenzie, Rev. Ralph W.......... 78 McMurray, Dr. Albert H............ 225 McMichael, Rev. W. J ........... 84 Mechling, Rev. Jonas .............. 75 Mendelsshon Choir ................. 134 Moorhead, Rev. W. W .............. 74 The Morning Star.................. 144 Most Holy Sacrament Church .......104 Mt. Gretna, 1898 ................... 187 Murray, Thomas ................... 233 Murtland, Patrolman. .............. 163 -N- New Street Lighting ................262 N. Main corner ................... 31 N ull H ouse ........................ 250 Nurse's Home ...................... 174 -0- Oath of Allegiance.................. 5 Offutt, Dr. Lemuel ................. 225 "Old Beehive Church". ............. 75 Old Field Piece ..................... 193 Orchestra ..........................248 Otterbein Evangelical .............. 83 _P- Parochial School................... 64 Pat Lyon Engine ................... 149 Patriotic Exercises ................. 52 Pennsylvania Argus ................. 144 Physicians ......................... 225 P. R. R. Tunnel, 1900 .............. 22 Pierce, Dr. Carl F.................. 225 Pidutti, Contractor ................. 231 Police Department, 1897 ............ 161 Police Department, present.......... 163 Polka Dots ....................... 199 Post Office ............... ........ 177 Post Office Force, 1922 ............. 177 Post Office Force, 1906-7 ............ 177 Pontius, Rev. Paul................. 82 Potts, George ................... ... 229 Pratte, Rev. J. G........ Public Library. .......... Public Library, (interior). -R- Railroad Station........ Rask, Tailor Shop ....... Reeves, James Rev....... Red Cross Float ......... Relief Association....... Robbins, Congressman... Rotary Club............ Ryan, Rev. William..... ........... 130 ........... 13 1 ........... 255 ........... 232 ........... 69 ...........18 1 ........... 157 ........... 222 ...........165 ........... 69 St. Bruno Parish ................... 106 St. Clair Monument ................ 114 St. Clair Theater, Interior........... 275 School Board ..................... 56 School Buildings .................. 45 School Group ..................... 49 School Group, Room No. 7.......... 53 Schultz, Rev. Elmer ............... 83 Seminary ........................ 64 Seminary & Bunker Hill ............. 29 Seton Hill College. ................. 69 Seven-Day Adventist ............... 110 Shryock, D. W..................... 143 Singer and Gross Store.............. 252 Singer, Dr. John ................... 225 Sketch of Tour, 1810. ............... 17 Slep, Rev. Eugene. ................. 91 Smith, Rev. J. E.................... 97 Snow on Main Street ............... 31 S. Gbg. Fire Dept .................. 159 S. W. Gbg. Boro. Firemen........... 158 Spirit of "76". ...................... 192 Stage Coach ....................... 249 State Police ........................ 164 State Police Cars ................... 164 Steck, Rev. Michael J ........... 75 Stokes Window Trimmer ............ 215 Stokes, Doorway .................. 214 Stokes M antel ..................... 130 Straub, Gilbert, O.S.B............... 106 Street Sweeper, 1899 ............... 44 Stuck's Barber Shop ................ 231 Struble & Walthour Mill........... 234 Sullivan, Daniel ................... 68 Swedish Evangelical Church......... 87 Sweeny, E. Arthur .................. 146 Sykes, Rev. William C.............. 94 Teachers 1913. ................... .. 60 Theater Program ................... 276 Third Reformed Church............. 94 Tribune-Review Linotypes ........... 148 Trinity Evangelical Church.......... 82 Trolley Car .......................265 Troutman Foundation .............. 231 Trotters ...........................201 Truby Gravestone .................. 118 Tunnel ..........................255 Turney Residence .................. 212 -U- United Presbyterian Church ......... 84 Van Bremen, Wilbur ............... 61 _W_ Walworth Co ................... ... 267 Weaver's Blacksmith Shop .......... 229 Webb, Rev. Joel H................. 90 W elty's Corner ..................... 210 Wentzel, William ................... 241 Westerdahl, Rev. S. F., 1887. ........ 87 Westminster Church. ............... 91 Westmoreland Democrat ............ 143 Westmoreland Hospital ............. 174 Westmoreland Intelligencer.... ....... 140 Westmoreland Republican ........... 141 West Ltterman Street......... ...... 72 Wible, Isaac................... 253 Williams, Rev. Roger................ 85 Wyant, Congressman ............... 222 _y_ Y. M. C. A .......................178 Yount, Rev. A. L .................7. 75 -Z-_ Zimmerman House .................151 Zion's Evangelical Lutheran Church.. 81 Zion's Evangelical Church........... 81 Zomara Book Cover ................245 Zundel, H. M .....................156 -300-- INDE -A- Academy, First. ................... 48 Addison, Judge Alexander ........... 124 Agriculture .......................133 Alpha Phi Omega Sorority........... 137 American Flint Glass Workers....... 194 American Glass .................... 271 American Journalism ............... 132 American Legion Post No. 318... 190-191 American Legion No. 318............ 192 American Legion Auxiliary No. 318... 191 American Legion Auxiliary No. 318... 192 Amvets, Post No. 88................ 193 Annexations ....................... 36 Antioch Baptist Church............. 97 Architecture, Original Aspects ........ 209 Architecture, Residential ............ 213 Art Club ......................134-135 Artists and Poets ................... 246 Artists and Writers ................. 238 Athletic Association ................ 197 Athletics, High School .............. 202 Attorneys, early ............... 220-222 -B- Bakeries ...........................235 Bar............................. 241 B arbers...........................231 Barnum & Bailey Circus............ 44 Baseball ...........................195 Benedictine Priests ................. 125 B. P. O. Elks No. 511............... 168 Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church ............... 86 Bird Club ......................... 139 Biography ....................... 239 Blacksmiths, early ................. 229 Board of Control History............ 156 Books .............................247 Boy Scouts ..................... 178-179 Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, Ladies Society........... 194 Bruce, David. ..................... 127 B'Nai B'Rith Lodge ................ 173 Building, modes ....................230 Bunker Hill annexation ............. 30 Bunker Hill School. ................ 53 Burgesses, list of ................ 37- 38 Business and Professional Women's Club. .................. 168 -C- Catholic Daughters of America ....... 139 Catholic Welfare Association. ........ 183 Catholic Graveyard ................. 114 Carpenters & Joiners No. 462........ 194 Carriage and Wagonmakers. ......... 230 Carnegie offers Library. .............131 Carnegie, Andrew .................. 126 Carnegie's Autobiography ........... 130 Calvary Presbyterian Church ........ 95 Centennial celebration. ........... 30-32 Census 1810-1940 .................... 41 Children's Aid Society ......... 181-182 Civic Club, South Greensburg ........ 183 Civic Opera Company .............. 134 Civil W ar Period ................... 215 Chamber of Commerce ..............168 Chemistry .........................243 Christ Church (Episcopal) ........... 80 Christian Missionary Alliance ........ 93 Christopher Columbus Mutual....... 173 Church of the Brethren ............. 96 Churches of Greensburg ............ 73 Church of God .................... 100 Church of God in Christ............ 99 Church of Jesus Christ ............. 112 Church of Open Door............... 98 City Band .........................248 Coal Companies ................... 258 Coal Industry ................. 256-7-8 College Club, Choral. ............... 136 College Club........................138 Common Schools indicated.......... 49 Commissioned Officers. ............. 26 Composers .........................241 Contractors, early .................. 231 Consolidation of Boroughs........... 34 Congregation Temple Emanu-El..... 107 Congregation B'Nai Israel........... 108 Corporate additions, 1892........... 28 Corporate limits expanded........... 25 Council of Jewish Women........... 192 Council 1894-1949. ........... 39, 40, 41 Coulter, General Richard. ....... 25- 27 Court House (second) ............... 215 Cowan, Dr. Frank. ................. 28 Cowan, James B. 0 ................. 126 Cultural Life of Greensburg. ......... 122 -D- Dames of Malta ................ 170 Daughters of Union Veterans........ 192 D. A. R ......................... 192 Delphian Club .................... 137 Democratic Women .............. 193 Democratic Women's Guild .......... 194 Dentistry .........................226 Description of Gbg ................. 123 Desk.............................. 242 Drama............................ 246 Drug Stores ....................... 226 Drum, Gen. Richard Coulter......... 25 Dunspaugh's Band ................. 129 -E-- Eagles, No. 577 .................... 172 East Gate ........................214 Eastern Star ......................170 Early School masters. .............. 47 Early Subscription Schs ............. 48 Education......................... 46 Education Association .............. 139 Edwards, Jonathan. ................ 124 Enactment of School Law........... 49 Electric Utilities ................... 261 -F- Fair Ground ...................... 195 Farmer's Register founded........... 141 Fifth Ward School. ................. 53 First Baptist Church ............... 85 First Brick School ................. 47 First Christian Church .............. 88 First Church of Christ, Scientist ...... 109 First Evangelical Lutheran Church... 75 Free Methodist Church............. 90 First Methodist Church............. 78 First Pentecostal ................... 111 First Presbyterian Church........... 77 First Reformed Church............. 76 First School House ................. 46 Fisher House Fire .................. 150 Fletcher, Alex .................... 129 Football, Professional .............. 199 Foster, Stephen lived here..........127 Fourth Street Evangelical United Brethern Church.......... 92 Fraternal Order of Police No. 56 .....191 Fraternal Organizations ............. 168 French Dye Works Fire ............. 151 Friday Club .......................139 Frontier History .................. 238 ---G-- Gamma Nu........................ 192 G.A. R. Ladies, No. 50............193 Carl G. Gardner's Band............. 129 -301- 1799 1949 INDEX Gardner's Music Studio............. 247 Genealogy ........................ 240 Gas Artificial ......................258 Gas, Natural .............. . 259-260 Gen. Green Lodge .................. 191 Order of Police, No. 56 German Cemetery, Gbg.......... 115-118 German Publications. ............... 147 Gilchrist Stables fire ................ 150 Girl Scouts ........................180 Good Will History .................. 149 Grammer School erected............ 53 Grand Theater. .................... 131 Grand Theater Fire................. 151 Graveyards and Burial Grounds ......114 Greensburg Choral Club ............ 129 Greensburg Democrat founded....... 141 Greensburg Gazette Started......... 141 Greensburg Lumber Co..............151 Greensburg Machine ................ 271 -H- Hammer Plan...................... 43 High School tuition. ................ 55 Hill-Top Social Club ................139 Historical Survey ................... 238 Home for the Aged ................. 182 Homestead Social & Beneficial ....... 172 Hose Company History, No. 1.......152 Hose Co. No. 2, History ............. 153 Hose Co. No. 3, History ............ 153 Hose Co. No. 6, History. ............ 154 Hose Co. No. 7, History. ............ 155 Hose Co. No. 8, History .............155 Independent Americans ............. 192 Independent Americans ............. 173 I.O.O.F. Independent Order No. 199.. 173 I.O.O.F. No. 840. .................. 172 International Tongues .............. 243 Inns and Taverns........... 249-250-251 Italian Women's Club ...............139 Jewelers, History ................... 232 Job's Daughters, Bethel No. 3....... 173 Jr. Order American Mechanics, No. 69 ................ 173 -K- Keaggy Theater ................... 131 Keller Garage Fire................. 151 Keystone Sanitary Supply Fire....... 151 Kiwanians....................... 166 Knights of Pythias, No. 505......... 172 Knights of Columbus, No. 1480 ...... 171 Knights Templars No. 18 ............ 171 -- Ladies of Golden Eagle, 154......... 173 Ladies of the G.A.R. No. 197........ 192 Latter-Day Saints .................. 113 Lawyers...........................218 Leech's Actual Business College ...... 65 Legal Profession ................... 124 Library.......................... 131 Library...........................176 Library, private .................... 131 Lincoln, Abraham, President. ........ 27 Lincoln's death ................... . 27 Linus, Father ................... ... 125 Lions Club ........................ 166 Literature and Art .................. 244 Lomison Theater ................... 131 Loyal Sons and Dames of America... . 172 Loyal Order of Moose ............... 170 Lyric Nickleodeon ................ 131 -M-" Malitia, history ................. 185-190 Manoppello Group ................. 173 Map maker ....................... 239 Married Women's Club ............. 184 Medical Literature ................. 243 Mellon, Hon. Thomas ..............126 Memoirs of Bench & Bar...........123 Mendelsshon Choir ................. 129 Merchantile ...................251-2-3 Methodist Church Fire ............. 151 M eyer, Balthaser. .................. 123 Mic-Victorian .................... 216 M ilitary History ................... 239 M ills and M illing ................... 234 Ministerial Association. ............. 102 Monday Music Club ................ 136 Moore Metal ......................270 Morrison Underwood Fund .......... 131 Most Holy Sacrament Church.......104 Music-Organ and Piano............ 129 Music-Vocal & Instrumental ........ 129 Muster Roll, Company "I". ......... 187 -N- Naley Opera House ................ 131 Naley Opera House fire............. 150 New High School. .............. 54-55 Newspapers and Periodicals. ......... 140 Non-commissioned Officers.......... 26 North Side Civic ................... 184 N ovel............................. 245 -0- Observer..........................148 Offutt Field .......................196 Orchestra.........................247 Orontes Girl's Club ................. 139 Other Industries. ................. 265-6 Otterman, Ludwig land ............ 34 Otterbein Evangelical United Brethern Church................. 83 Organization of Fire Companies ...... 151 Our Lady of Grace Church fire....... 151 Our Lady of Grace Church.......... 105 Overly Manufacturing Company .. . . 271 Overmyer Mould ................... 271 Painting by Alex Fletcher ........... 135 Paper Founded, First ............... 140 Parochial Schools. .................. 64 Pat Lyon History .................. 149 Patriotic Order of Americans......... 192 Pennsylvania Argus ................. 147 Pennsylvania State College Branch...................... 70- 71 Peterson Writing School............. 70 Peerless Dye Works Fire............ 151 Philanthropy Lodge F. & A. M. N o. 225 .........................172 Physicians, Early .................. 223 Physicians, Present ................. 224 Platform s ......................... 242 Police Department History ....... 161-2-3 Politics ............................242 Population .................... 278-297 Post Office ................... . 176-177 Privates, War with Mexico.......... 26 Prize Winning Poet ................. 246 Publishing House, First............. 144 Public Buildings. ................... 210 Pulpit History ..................... 240 -302- 1799 1949 INDEX Purple Heart ......................192 Purple Heart Auxiliary No. 271 ...... 193 Pun .............................. 247 Pythian Sisters, No. 164 ............. 191 Quota Club ........................ 184 .R. Racing Events ..................... 201 Railroads ...................253-4-6 Railway and Industrial Engineering C o ..............................269 Rebekah Lodge No. 236 .............172 Rebekah Lodge, No. 438 ............172 Record Publishing Co............... 146 Red Cross .....................180-181 Reed Lumber Co., Fire .............. 150 Reformed Presbyterian Church of N. America ................... 79 Relief Association History ........... 157 Republican Women ...............193 Republican Women, Evening Council. 194 Recruiting Mexican War............ 25 Robinson Building Fire. ........... 150 Roman Catholic Church in Gbg...... 103 Rotary Club .......................166 Royal, Anne .......................218 Royal Arch Masons, No. 192 ........ 172 Royal and Select Masters........... 171 Rural Life .........................133 -S- St. Anthony's Church. .............. 105 St. Bruno Parish ................... 106 St. Clair Cemetery .......... 119-120-121 St. Clair Theater ............... 131-132 St. Clair Theater Fire............... 151 St. Michael's Orthodox Society....... 183 Sally Hasting's Diary .............. 30 Salvation Army .................... 101 Scandinavian Fraternity ............. 172 Scheibler, Karl ..................... 123 School & Social Life 1849...........126 Scientist ...........................244 The Sentinel ....................... 148 Sentinel began in 1840 .............. Senatorial Bench ................... 242 Seton Hill College .............. 67-68-69 Seven Day Adventist ............... 110 Shakespeare Club .................. 137 Shoemaking .................. 227-8-9 Short Story ........................ 246 Sisters of Charity, History........... 239 Slavonic American Home............ 173 Spanish War Veterans .............. 192 Auxiliary, No. 62 Sparks ............................ 148 Sports. ............... 195-6-7-9 200-1-8 Song Writers.................... 240 S. A. R. Gen. Arthur St. Clair Chapter. 193 Sons of Columbus .................. 173 Sons of Italy, No. 735............... 171 South Greensburg .................. 41 S. Gbg. Fire Dept., History ...... 158-160 S. Gbg. Methodist Church........... 89 S. Gbg. Schools. ................... 61 Southwest Gbg..................... 43 Southewst Gbg. Fire Dept. Hist.... . . 158 S. W. Gbg. Parents Musical Assoc.. .. 139 S. W. Parent-Teacher Assoc .......... 183 S. W. Gbg. Schools ................. 63 S. W. Gbg. Teachers. ............... 63 Stage and Theater ............ 274-5-6-7 Stage Plays .......................132 Stark Block Fires ................... 150 Star of the W est ................... 238 State Police History ................ 164 Steck, Rev. John Michael........... 125 Steckel School. .................... 66 Steelworkers of America. ............ 194 Stoke's Mantel................... . 130 Streamline Market, Fire............. 151 Street Railways .................. 263-4 Superintendents of Schools.......... 123 Surveying and Engineering .......... 236 Swedish Evangelical Salem Lutheran Church ................ 87 Tailors, Early .....................232 Taylor, Joseph ..................... 127 Teachers, South Greensburg......... 62 Teachers of Public Schools ..... 57-58-59 Telegraph Operators ............... 127 Temple Hardware Fire.............. 150 Third Reformed Church............. 94 Toby M akers ................... ... 233 Toastmistress Club ................. 139 Tuesday Night Music Club.......... 129 Tuesday Literary Club.............. 139 Travelers and Observers. ............ 239 Trinity Evangelical and Reformed Church. ............... 82 Typographical Union, No. 158 Auxiliary........................ 194 Typesetting Machine, First.......... 145 -U- United Commercial Travelers........ 183 United Presbyterian Church ..... ... 84 United Mine Workers of America No. 3 ......................... 194 U. E. R. & Machine Workers, 625.... 194 Unveiling & Memorial Editions......238 _V_ Veterans of Foreign Wars No. 33..... 192 Veterans of Foreign Wars, Auxiliary, No. 33................. 191 Walworth Company .............. 267-8 Walworth Local Union, No. 1275.....194 Water...........................262-3 W . C. T.U.........................183 Westminster Presbyterian Church.... 91 Westmoreland Grocery, Fire......... 150 Westmoreland-Fayette Council Boy Scouts of America............ 139 Westmoreland Guards. ............. 25 Westmoreland Hospital, Auxiliary .... 183 Westmoreland Hospital ............ 174-5 Westmoreland Lodge F. & A. M. No. 518 ........................ 171 Westmoreland Lodge No. 840........ 171 Westmoreland Photographic Society.. 139 Westmoreland Polo & Hunt Club .... 139 Westmoreland Historical Society .. .. 137 Westmoreland School. .............. 66 West Penn ...................... 265 William Penn Beneficial ............. 172 Wilson & Company Fire............. 151 Wineman Furniture Store Fire....... 151 Williams, deserter ................. 27 Woman's Association Hospital....... 184 W oman's Club ..................... 184 Women of Moose, No. 715 ........... 171 W omen Voters ..................... 183 Woodmen of the World............. 173 W riter's Verse .................... 245 _y_ Y. M. C. A .......................178 Young Candy Company Fire ........ 151 Young Voters ......................184 -Z- Zimmerman House Fire............. 150 Zion's Evangelical Lutheran Church.. 81 -303- 1799 1949 1799 1949 IllF "The Rendezvous is open for the present, opposite Machlin's tavern, sign of the White Horse. Captain Johnson's quarters at Drumm's tavern. Greensburg, March 11, 1814." (Ibid. March 12, 1814.) "About 500 volunteers from Cumberland County marched through this place on Tuesday last for Erie....... "The quota of Franklin County also passed through this town. The quota of Adams County are expected in a day or two." (Ibid. March 19, 1814). "Three hundred drafted Malitia, the quota of Adams County, marched through town on Thursday morning last for Erie." (Ibid. March 26, 1814). "Four companies of volunteers marched from this county on Wed- nesday and Thursday last for the encampment near Baltimore. Three companies from Allegheny County passed through town this week for the same encampment." .(Ibid. November 26, 1814). This Court House faced Main Street and was set back quite a dis- tance from it and Pittsburgh Street, leaving an esplanade between it and the streets which provided a space for community purposes, outdoor community events were held there as exemplified by the following. "The Greensburgh Blues will parade at the Court House on Monday, the fifth of July at 10 o'clock for the purpose of celebrating the Anni- versary of Independence. Cartridges will be furnished by the committee. "By order of the Captain. Oliver Willock Orderly Sergt." (Westmoreland Republican, July 3, 1819). As indicated by the Court Martial held in Greensburg the town and vicinity had its share of deserters. The "Greensburg and Indiana Register" published the names of deserters from time to time. By 1812 the political complexion of Greensburg had changed since the days of the Whiskey Insurrection. A quarter of a century of being a County Seat no doubt had a conservative influence upon its citizens and developed in them a greater respect for government. No longer were the people of Greensburg independent isolationists and resenting both the State and Federal government. Whereas, at the beginning, the people had been Anti-federalist, by now the good burghers of Greens- burg thought they had acquired such a sense of respectability that .in politics they became Federalists, while the rest of the County remained Democratic or Anti-federalists. Following are Greensburg's returns of the election of 1812 held on September 13th: Republican (Federalists) Congress: Thomas Pollack........... 67 Assembly: John Lobingier ............ 76 John W right .............. 76 Thomas Culbertson........ 74 Commissioner: William Campbell.......... 67 John Hamilton ...........70 Auditors: William Flinn............. 72 Barney Thomas........... 72 Josiah Moorhead .......... 65 Trustees (Greensburg Academy): Rev. Michael Stake. ........91 Walter Forward ........... 69 (Greensburg & Indiana Register, October Democratic-Republican William Findley...... . 29 George Plummer......... 23 Henry Allshouse.......... 23 Peter W allace............ 21 Joseph Collins (3 yrs.).... 28 James Estep (1 yr.)....... 25 Jeremiah Murry ...... David Jennings ...... Robert Piper......... .... 24 .... 23 .... 23 Dr. David Marchard . . . . .21 Rev. Michael Stake ....... 91 15, 1812) William Findley, Westmoreland's first Congressman, was of course elected notwithstanding his unpopularity in Greensburg, and continued to be elected so that he served in Congress longer than any other Con- gressman. In the above election, Greensburg voted opposite from the county at large, and the candidates who lost at the Greensburg polls were elected. The results of the elections of October 12, 1813, October 11, 1814 and October 15, 1819, show that Greensburg still maintained its Federalist complexion as opposed to the county. (Ibid, October 16, 1813. October 15, 1814, and Westmoreland Republican, October 15, 1819, respectively). At the general election for President on October 30, 1812, Greens- burg and Hempfield Township, comprising one election district, cast 391 votes for James Madison and 236 votes for Dewitt Clinton. (Greens burg and Indiana Register, November 5, 1812). The Democratic Republicans held their political meetings at the "House of Philip Kuhns, Inkeeper" (Greensburg & Indiana Register, 1812, Greensburgh Gazette, August 22, 1811) and the Federalists sometimes convened at the Dublin Hotel which stood where the Court House Annex now is and the property North of it, and sometimes at the Court House. -16- Wfl 1799 -304- 1949 1799 THE GREENSBURG SESOUI-CENTENNIAL COMMITIEE ACKNOWLEDGES WITH THANKS AND DEEP APPRECIATION the co-operation of merchants, industrial concerns, civic and fraternal organizations and clubs, business and professional men and women, and many other groups and individuals listed in the following pages as sponsors, patrons and advertisers WITHOUT WHOSE GENEROUS FINANCIAL SUPPORT THE PUBLICATION OF THIS BOOK WOULD HAVE BEEN IMPOSSIBLE 1949 1799 rccna.burg Wail Sribun. ESTABLISHED 1886 GREENSBURG MORNING REVIEW ESTABLISHED 1903 1949 1799 . 1949 "------ Westmoreland County Officials JUDGES REGISTER OF WILLS Hon. Hon. Common Pleas Court George H. McWherter Edward G. Bauer Hon. Richard D. Laird Orphans' Court Hon. Charles D. Copeland COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Frank K. Cochran J. Calvin Turner W. Everett Noel COUNTY CONTROLLER Leonard B. Keck DISTRICT ATTORNEY John M. O'Connell Miles C. McWherter PROTHONOTARY Leo Sukala CLERK OF COURTS Jay W. Kromer TREASURER Robert A. Kilgore CORONER Joseph R. Check JURY COMMISSIONERS Andrew E. Hanson Robert L. Kunkle COUNTY ENGINEER Ben R. Hebrank COUNTY SURVEYOR N. G. Bell SHERIFF Howard Bud Thomas REGISTER OF DEEDS Mrs. Jessie S. McCormick ORIGINAL "BURKE" AIR SWITCH Among the many other products made in Greensburg is the Isolated Phase Bus Structure which for ten years has furnished most of the new generating plants. Back in 1933, an interruption of service occurred in a New York generating plant which left part of Manhattan without power or light for many hours. This new Bus design was developed to prevent a recur- rence of such an interruption. It provides high strength for conductor mounting together with a phase enclosure which prevents interphase short circuits. Another illustration of consistent leadership of the Railway and Industrial Engineering Company is the recent development of all- aluminum structures for power substations where corrosion is a factor in maintenance. A number have already been built in this section of the country. Just about every kind of raw material goes into the manufacture of R&IE products, and nearly every fabricating process is used. To name a few, the copper alloy and aluminum foundry, the fully equipped structural steel and aluminum fabricating shop, the sheet metal shop, the drill press, lathe and screw machine shops, galvanizing shop are outstanding. Pattern and core shops, testing laboratories, heat treating furnaces, welding, brazing, forging, metal spraying and paint spraying are some of the many operations under "one roof". Headed by a large engineering and drafting staff, about 700 are employed in the various departments, with an annual payroll of approxi- mately $2,400,000. Annual shipments of R&IE products have a value of about $7,000,000. 1799 1949 GREENSBURG SUBSTATION, WEST PENN POWER CO., MT. PLEASANT I Such a diversity in operation prompted the R&IE management to concentrate on sub-contract work during World War II, when about 95% of the facilities were diverted to war products. The R&IE Company is represented in Canada through its wholly owned subsidiary, Eastern Power Devices Ltd. This plant is located in Toronto and has furnished the greater portion of switching equipment installed in the Dominion, manufactured under R&IE patents. In October 1947, the company was merged with the I-T-E Circuit Breaker Company of Philadelphia. The Management remained intact, with the only change being the combining of the field sales forces. At the present time R&IE business is negotiated in thirty-three offices throughout the United States, and seven export offices represent- ing most countries in South America and Europe. The present officers are, B. W. Kerr, Chairman of the Board; W. M. Scott, Jr., President; K. S. Nevin, Vice Pres. and Gen. Manager; W. Ml. McCauley, Vice President; H. H. Rudd, Secretary. The success story of FIRST ALL-ALUMINUM SUBSTATION EVER BUILT, ERIE, PA. the R & IE Company reads like a chapter from the possibilities of private initiative. Here is a true picture of the results of in- genuity and aggres- siveness in a competi- tive system. The Railway and Industrial Engineering Co. for "PITTSBURGH-THE WORKSHOP OF THE WORLD" 1799 ORIGINAL R&IE FACTORY IN LIGONIER, PA. 1949 The Railway and Industrial Engineering Co. for "PITTSBURGH-THE WORKSHOP OF THE WORLD" R&IE FACTORY IN SOUTH GREENSBURG--1915 The thirty-nine years manufacturing experience of the Railway and Industrial Engineering Company parallels the growth of industry generally. With the original conception of an air interrupting switch for power circuits in 1910, the R&IE Company has maintained a leading position in the switchgear industry. This air switch was an idea of A. W. Burke, a Westinghouse Sales Engineer, and together with a co-worker, Mr. H. C. Stier, approached a Pittsburgh Railways Company load dispatcher, B. W. Kerr, about form- ing a company to build the switch. Mr. Kerr agreed and a partnership was formed. The corporate name was derived by combining the names of two departments of Westinghouse Sales, namely, the Railway, and the Industrial Sales. These departments represented the markets to be reached in the new venture. The original factory was located in a discarded bowling alley in Ligonier, near the present Fort Ligonier Hotel. PRESENT R&IE FACTORY IN SOUTH GREENSBURG With borrowed capital, Mr. Kerr and Al Bierman, a brother-in-law of Mr. Burke, actually built the first Burke switches by hand. It is interesting to note that one of these early Burke switches now sits in the Ford Museum of early Americana in Dearborn, Michigan. Soon it became necessary to move nearer to the market, and a storeroom in Wilkinsburg was equipped with newer machinery for the increase in business. With nearly a dozen men, the former partnership incorporated in 1912. By this time complete substations were being furnished through the cooperation of Westinghouse Transformer Sales. Industrial growth about 1914 increased the demand for electrical power supply, and, together with the higher transmission voltages, a further expansion was necessary. This required another move, which became the location of the present plant in South Greensburg, Pa. A few years later found this thriving plant busy turning out shells for the Ordnance Department for World War I. It meant a partial inter- ruption in business which was not completely revived for a few years. The years following marked the establishment of the R&IE Company as a leader in the switchgear and substation industry. About a dozen basic design patents gave R&IE switches an outstanding position among competitive designs. The Hi-Pressure Contact switch became the pattern for others in the industry, and today most air switches feature its principles. R&IE has supplied these switches to nearly every power company in this country and many European and South American companies. e INCE 1934 Radio Station WH J B in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, has attempted to be of service to the area it covers. Now--to keep in step with the progress of radio and broaden its efforts--Radio Station WHJB broadcasts at 1000 watts and bring both daytime and nighttime broadcasting on its same clear wavelength (620 kilocycles). RADIO STATION WHJB GREENSBURG r. 1799 a0 1949 1799 TROUTMAN'S 1897... 7949 GROWING TOGETHER... TROUTMAN'S AND GREENSBURG TROUTMAN'S MAIN STORE Today, as in 1897, when the first Troutman Department Store was opened, Troutman's have confidence in the continued growth of Greensburg. In 1897 when the population of Greensburg was about 6,500, Mr. A. E. Troutman and Mr. J. L. Cote, Sr., opened the first Troutman Department Store - a very small store, being 18 x 90 feet in size - located on the corner of Main and Second Street. In 1908 two additional rooms were added. In 1913 an additional building was acquired to take care of the growing business. In 1918 more space was needed and the Main Street floor of the Masonic Temple was added to the growing Troutman Department Store. Realizing that a larger store was needed to serve the people of Greensburg, Troutman's acquired the Zimmerman Hotel, and a new, modern, seven floor building was erected. Troutman's continued to grow and in 1945 the Greensburg Hard- ware Building was acquired, which is now the home of our modern appliance annex. Now in 1949 Troutman's is the largest Store in Greensburg and in Westmoreland County. TROUTMAN'S APPLIANCE ANNEX 1949 1799 The lamison Coal and Coke Company The JAMISON COAL & COKE COMPANY was organ- ized in June, 1892; the incorporators being Robert S. Jamison, his three sons - John M. Jamison, William W. Jamison and Thomas S. Jamison - C. H. Fogg and James B. McDermott. The first development was in the Greensburg coal basin at Luxor in Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, where several hundred coke ovens were built. Within the next thirteen years, five additional mines were opened in Hempfield and Salem Townships with a total of fourteen hundred coke ovens. The output from these six mines reached an annual maximum of over 3,000,000 tons of coal and 600,000 tons of coke. In 1903, on the death of Robert S. Jamison, president of the company, his son, John M. Jamison, succeeded to the presidency and served in that capacity until 1945 when he became chairman of the Board and was succeeded as president by Ralph E. Jamison. In 1909 and 1910 a large acreage of Pittsburgh seam coal was acquired in Marion County, West Virginia and a total of five mines were opened on that property. Most of these operations were sold during the ensuing years but the company is still a large holder of acreage in that county and further development is in contemplation. In 1917 a new coking coal operation was opened in Unity Township, Westmoreland County, near Pleasant Unity and in 1941, the Hostetter, Whitney and Marguerite properties of the Frick Coke Company were acquired under lease and a large mine built on those properties. Most of the coal in the Greensburg basin has been worked out and only one mine is now in operation in that area. The company is still a large producer of high-grade coal in its other operating districts and expects to maintain its production with new operations as the need develops. Present officers are: John M. Jamison, Chairman of the Board Ralph E. Jamison, President Jay C. Jamison, Executive Vice-President W. D. Krantz, Treasurer T. S. Jamison, Jr., Secretary. February 25, 1949 1949 1799 1949 AS Comes to Greensbt By Harry E. Cope The Nineteenth Century was in its middle years when Greensburg began to surrender its sooty coal and wood stoves and its obstinate, smelly kerosene burners in favor of the then modern miracle - the gas range. Precarious was the word for gas service in those early days. The first gas came from a local manufactured gas plant. A later gas manu- facturing plant exploded and caught fire with a regularity bordering on the monotonous. Two other gas-making plants were total failures. A fourth proved successful. When natural gas was discovered at Grapeville it supplanted manufactured gas in Greensburg. But those supplies ran low. Manu- factured gas again was resorted to until natural gas again was available and The Peoples Natural Gas Company finally came along with depend- able supplies of natural gas that have not failed in more than thirty years. Local business men first started the movement for gas service in Greensburg in 1858 when the Greensburg Gas and Water Company was incorporated and was granted the right to supply the community. By 1861 the company had surrendered its water service franchise and had contracted its name to the Greensburg Gas Company. A gas manu- facturing plant was built on ground now occupied by the County Lumber Company and Hagan's Milk Depot. Unmindful of its value for paving, roofing and other uses the tar, which was produced in the process of making gas from coal, was allowed to flow as waste into a near-by creek. Even today it is known as Coal Tar Run. After the discovery of natural gas west of Greensburg in what was known as the Grapeville district a new gas company - Greensburg Fuel Company - was formed in 1886 to bring the fuel to this city. A supply line was laid from Grapeville to Greensburg the same year. With clean natural gas at lower cost citizens were quick to turn to the new supplies and the Greensburg Gas Company went out of existence. Greensburg's gas service again was threatened a few years later when natural gas in the Grapeville field began to be exhaused. The business of the Greensburg Fuel Company declined to the point where continuation was not practical. Physical assets and service rights were sold in 1893 to private individuals who transferred the properties to a new gas company known as the Manufacturer's Gas Company. The new company proposed again to manufacture gas for the local community. Their first gas plant was a failure and burned down after several explosions and fires. A second plant also failed to perform. A third attempt was successful but the wary managers did not buy the plant but leased it from the builder. For the second time natural gas again became available so that the gas company had little occasion to use the gas manufacturing plant. The owners cancelled the lease of the local gas company and sold it to The Peoples Natural Gas Company in 1898. Peoples had been develop- ed as the result of gas fields found in the Murrysville district. The local gas company sold out to Peoples in 1916 and the entire Greensburg gas supply system was absorbed under the Peoples name in 1919. During these intervening years Peoples has continued to provide Greensburg residents with an unfailing supply of natural gas. Earliest available records show that there were 1,984 residential customers and one industrial user of gas in 1904. In 1948 the number of residential users had swelled to 7,449 and eight industries were obtain- ing their fuel supplies from The Peoples Natural Gas Company. Greensburg continues to grow and with it its gas company. 1799 Apparently the Borough officers were not very busy in governing the town. In fact for the years 1812-1814 inclusive, there appears only four official notices in the "Greensburg and Indiana Register" pertaining to Borough Business, viz: "NOTICE" "The inhabitants of the Borough of Greensburgh are hereby notified to remove all nuisances from their lots or adjacent thereto within the lapse of twenty days, otherwise they will be proceeded against as directed by an ordinance, of the Borough. (May 22, 1813). Abraham Horbach- Chief Burgess" 1949 As shown by the United States Census the population of the town was 685 in 1810, growing to only 771 by 1820, and 810 by 1830.. The town was by now taking on a more permanent aspect. By 1814 Greensburg had brick houses as is evidenced by an ad in the September 3rd, 1814, issue of the "Greensburg and Indiana Register", advertising at public sale at the Court House two lots of James Shields, deceased, located in Greenqburg and on "which are erected two two story brick dwellings". At this time William Jack owned and operated a brick kiln on the Five Point Road just North of the Arch Street tunnel under the railraoad. Fortescue Cummings traveled through Greensburg in 1810 and in his "Sketches of a Tour to the Western Country" Pittsburgh, Pennsyl- vania, 1810", he stated as follows: "TOWN MEETING" "The citizens of the Borough of Greensburgh are hereby notified to convene in Town meeting on Tuesday, 17th inst. for the purpose of considering the propriety of adopting a general plan for paving the streets of said Borough and also devising the most practicable method for carrying the same into effect." (May 14, 1814). "WANTED IMMEDIATELY" "Twenty or thirty hands to work at turnpiking and paving the streets in Greensburgh. Generous wages in cash will be given every Saturday Evening. "By order of the Burgess. (August 27, 1814). Simon Singer, Junr. Street Commissioner." An ordinance enacted July 27, 1814 regulating the market house provided that it would be open on Wednesdays and Saturdays only between daylight and 10:00 o'clock A.M.; that a clerk be appointed to supervise the market house and that standard weights and measures be used. The ordinance prescribed a fine of fifty cents for each offense for selling or purchasing articles at any other place than the market house during said hours and penalty for selling short of standard weights and measurer was forfeiture of the commodities. The publication of this ordinance was signed by R. Coulter, Town Clerk. (Ibid. July 30, 1814). 58 .IKITCll 01f A TOVI. reach, over and beyond Chesnut hills. After de. cending two miles, we crossed Indian creek at the foot of the mountain. I now remarked that the woods were much thicker, and the trees larger and taller, than the same species to the eastward. A mile from Indian creek, Mr. M'Kinley pointed out one of the finest farms between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, owned by one M'MuUen, an Irishman. At 10 A. M. we changed horses and our sleigh for a stage-wagon, two miles from M'Mullen's, at M'Ginnis's, perhaps the dirtiest tavern on the whole road. We then continued ten niles over a ver, broken hilly country, with rich valleys, crossing a high ridge called Chesnut hills, from whence the western country is spread out underthe view, like an immense forest, appearing flat ifrm the height we were at, though it is in fact, as weoun it, very hilly. We crossed the riverSc-wickly~ a fine mill stream, by a bridge, ten miles rom M'Ginnis's, and eight miles further we arrived at Greensburgh, the capital of Westmoreland county, which we had entered at the eastern foot of Laurel hill. Greenshurgh is a compact, well built, snug little town, of about a hundred houses, with a handsome court-house, a Presbyterian meeting-house, and a market-house. On entering Habach's tavern, I was no little sur- prisd to see a fine coal fire, anmd I was informed that coal is the principal fuel of the country fifty or sixty nmiles round Pittsburgh. It is laid downatthe doors here for six cents a bushel. After supper we were joined by a Mr. Holly, a doctor, and another gentleman, residents of the town, according to the custom of the country, where the inhabitants are in habits of collecting what infor- mation they can from travellers. We had a longpo- litical discussion, originating on the subject of CoL Burs projects; and amongst the six present, there . , ..:. SRZTCHaZ orA TroUR. wVre no two who agreed in sentiment. Indeed, in this country every man thinks for himself, or at leas he imagines he does, and would suppose himselfin. sulted, was another to attempt openly to bias his opi- nion; but notwithstanding this supposed liberty of sentiment, superior talents when united to ambition, sldom fail of drawing the mass after them. TI'he conversation of this evening was both amusing and instructive; some of the party, particularly Mr. Hlly, a New England man, being possessed of very good information, and the arguments were conducted with cool, dispassionate reasoning. ASout 8 o'clock, the landlord, who was a Cerman, came into the room and offered to light us to bed: My fellow travellers complied, but I told him I should sit up two hours longer. T'he old man re- pcted my words, "two hours," shrugged up his shoulders and weit off, while I literall~ kept my word, amused by a series of three or four of the last Bltimore Federal Gazettes. Ongoingto bed, and finding the bed clothes very light, I added the cover- ing of another bed in the room to mine, which I left so in the morning as a hint to the house. At five o'clock next morning, we resumed our journey, and found very little snow on the road, though there was so much on the mountains be. hind us. The aspect of the country is similar to what it is between the Laurel hills and Greensburgh. Hills running in ridges from north to south, heavily wood- ed with white oak, walnut, sugar tree and other tim- ber natural to the climate; and the valleys narrow, hut rich and all settled. At eight miles from Greensburgh, we passed on our right an excellent house and fine farm of a Col. Irwin, one of the assistant judges; and three miles further we stopped to change horses and breakfast at -17- 1799 ORIGINAL PLANING MILL 232 E. PITTSBURGH ST. BUILT IN 1888 Greensburg Lumber & Mill Company 127 South Urania Avenue GREENSBURG, PA. PRESENT MILL & OFFICE BLDG. 127 S. URANIA AVE. ERECTED IN 1940 On May 1st, 1888 a lumber company was organized by C. H. Fogg & Co., a partnership, with the following partners: C. H. Fogg, Wm. W. Jamison and George Detar, and the original planing-mill shown above was built. - On November 14th, 1889, George Detar sold his interest in the partnership to J. Covode Reed, and this partnership continued the busi- ness until 1896. On March 2nd, 1896 the partnership was dissolved and the busi- ness was continued by J. Covode Reed and Thomas Wible, as Reed & Wible. Some years later the entire business was taken over by J. Covode Reed, as an Individual Proprietorship, and continued in that name until January 1st, 1918. On January Ist, 1918 the Greensburg Lumber & Mill Co., a Corpora- tion, was organized by Harry H. Millen, Walter W. Millen, Chas. R. Haller and Lester L. Lowe through purchase of the business of J. Covode Reed, at E. Pittsburgh St. and the lumber business of Struble & Walthour, on W. Otterman St. At that time, an addition was built to the original mill building and an office erected adjacent to the mill. The business was continued at the E. Pittsburgh St. location, with lumber storage sheds on S. Urania Ave., until February 6, 1940. On that date a disastrous fire in the mill damaged it so badly that it was necessary to abandon it, and the present Mill & Office building was erected on ground adjacent to the storage sheds on S. Urania Ave., which had been purchased previously for that purpose. This building was completed and occupied in September, 1940. The Greensburg Lumber & Mill Co. is now in its 32nd year of operation in Greensburg. The present executive officers of the corporation are Harry H. Millen, President and Sales Manager, a son of one of the original organizers, Harry H. Millen, and John B. Millen, Secretary and General Manager, who assumed management of the Company upon the death of his brother, Harry H. Millen in February, 1930. 1949 1799 1949 L ~'d~ ~ WM. O. PETERSON, Director Founded in 1908 by the late P. O. Peterson and his sister Elizabeth Z. Peterson. The Peterson System of Penmanship Supervision is an organization devoted to the improvement of handwriting in the public schools. Offices were moved from their original location in Scottdale to Greensburg in 1922. The first building was located at 538 South Main Street. Expanding business necessitated an early move to South Maple Avenue and then in 1935 the present building at 214 North Main Street was purchased and remodeled to accommodate the organization. This unique organization has a personnel of forty-six employees engaged in the teaching and the supervision of handwriting, administra- tive and secretarial work, maintenance and transportation. The year 1948 marked the celebration of the fortieth anniversary of the organization. Great pride is taken in the fact that the Peterson System furnishes handwriting supervision to 9,065 teachers and 280,000 pupils. This represents almost nine hundred school districts located in forty-counties of Pennsylvania and parts of Ohio, New York, and New Jersey. We extend our heart-felt thanks to our many friends among school men, teachers, and patrons whose consideration and help have made our enterprise most useful and enjoyable. JJi 1949 St. Clair Supply Company The St. Clair Supply Company has been servicing the city of Greensburg and adjacent territory with coal and coke and a full line of builders' supplies for more than half a century. The company began its service to the community starting with a partnership consisting of Frank B. Miller and George W. Hutchison and styled the St. Clair Coal and Coke Company. The small plant consisted of three coal bins and a small building for builders' supplies together with a small office building located in Urania Avenue and served by a railroad siding at one end of the J. Covode Reed Lumber Yard on the same site which is now occupied by the Greensburg Lumber and Mill Company. The method of delivering builders' supplies to the trade was by horse-drawn wagons. In 1905, the St. Clair Coal and Coke Company was incorporated as the St. Clair Supply Company. The directors and officers of the newly organized company were George W. Hutchison, President, Frank B. Miller, Secretary and Treasurer and the Board of Directors consisted of its officers and C. S. Mason, who was plant manager. A plot of ground was purchased, located along the Southwest Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad near the intersection of the main line, on which several bins and warehouses were erected. The company qrew slowly and from time to time additional property was added to the original purchase which now qives it a frontage of approximately 900 feet along the Southwest Branch commencing at the intersection of the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad and extending 120 feet south of George Street. In 1912, Frank B. Miller succeeded George W. Hutchison as presi- dent of the company and has held that position since. In the same year, the company added to its horse drawn equipment the first hydraulic dump truck used in Greensburg. The truck in question was a foreign make, a Saurer Hydraulic Dump Truck, built in Switzerland and purchased through the International Motor Company in New York City. As the company progressed, they added additional trucks and by 1926, the delivery equipment was completely motorized. In 1920, J. L. LeMunyan was elected a Director and General Manager and held that position until 1927. In 1924, Homer F. Bair was elected a Director, Secretary and Treasurer. In 1927, he was appointed General Manager and at the present time is Secretary-Treasurer and General Manager. In 1927, the company acquired the cut stone business of James Stewart which was located on the company property. Since then, they have furnished cut stone trim for buildings of all descriptions. In 1929, the St. Clair Supply Company pioneered the first ready- mixed concrete trucks to be used in Westmoreland County. They now have a fleet of mixer trucks and various kinds of heavy trucks in use which enables them to adequately handle any size or type of construction. In 1939, the company erected a plant for the manufacture of con- crete building blocks which are used for building foundations, walls and many other purposes. The general office and warehouses are located in the city of Greens- burg, Pennsylvania at the corner of Clark and George Streets. The management of this firm has been both progressive and public spirited in rendering individual service to each patron and has faithfully and painstakingly serviced this section of Pennsylvania with a complete line of builders' supplies, coal, concrete blocks, cut stone, transit-mixed concrete and many other supplies. 1799 1799 CONGRATULATIONS TO The City of Greensburg 1799 - SESQUI - CENTENNIAL- 1949 URRELL CONSTRUCTION & SUPPLY Co. NEW KENSINGTON, PA. 1949 1799 SEARS ROEBUCK anal Com#any Now, one of the world's largest merchandising concerns- had a humble beginning in North Redwood, Minnesota, back in 1886. Twenty-three year old Richard Sears, through the sale of watches to railroad men, entered the mail order business, and moved to Chicago. Alvah C. Roebuck, who started as a watch repairman, became a partner in the business, but, due to ill health, sold his interest in 1897. Julius Rosenwald, a Chicago clothing manufacturer, bought part interest in the rapidly expanding concern, and by 1909, the annual sales volume was over $50,000.000. Under the personal direction of General R. E. Wood, now board chairman, Sears moved rapidly into the retail field in 1925. The company now operates 11 mail order plants, more than 625 retail stores and over 320 catalog order offices. It has more than 120,000 employes and 90,000 stockholders, plus an additional 70,000 employe-stockholders who hold over 19% of the total stock interest through their participation in the company's 31-year old Profit Sharing Fund. Each year, Sears distributes throughout the nation many millions of dollars worth of products produced by over .8,000 American factories. Sears, Roebuck and Co. opened the store in Greensburg, Pa., September 1932, at 101 North Main Street, where it is still located. During the spring of 1940, the store was enlarged to twice the original size. In the fall of 1948, a new Service Station was opened at the corner of East Otterman Street and Maple Avenue. The number of Sears people employed in the Greensburg store has grown from 25 to well over 100 at the present date. EARS IDO 1949 1799 1949 March 9, 1922, Mr. S. W. Rose came to Greensburg to establish a retail business. The Bon Ton was originally in the old Strouse building made up of the present Main Street building of Kuhns-Johnson and part of the quarters now occupied by Royers. In 1925, the present Bon Ton Department store was built on the corner of Main and Second Streets. Through the years, Bon Ton has grown to be one of Westmoreland County's leading department stores. During the past months, Bon Ton has been undergoing another remodeling period. A new speedy cash system has been installed, miles of fluorescent lights now brighten each floor, a new store front has appeared, a huge informative neon sign has been erected, new departments have been added and other depart- ments, remodeled and relocated. Bon Ton is truly proud to be a part of this great city of Greensburg and honored to share a portion of its 150 years of success and growth. ~s 60 YEARS OF UNSURPASSED SERVICE ! PresCriptione W1rePharmacy is aProfession not a Sideline! JOS. H. LAUFE, PH.G. HENRY G. SEIDEL, ANDREWS HOME APPLIANCE CO. KELVINATOR AND HOT-POINT SALES AND SERVICE ESTABLISHED 1939 319 S. MAIN ST. GREENSBURG, PA. "THE SANDS OF TIME" "The Sands of Time" have played a major part in cementing the friendly relationship that exists between the people of Greensburg and Fink's Shoe Store. Twenty-five years ago Max Finklestein opened his family shoe store in the Union Trust Building on W. Otterman Street. The Fink policy of selling good shoes at the lowest possible price was enthusiastically accepted by the public and contributed to the steady growth of the business. It was in 1926 that Fink's moved into larger quarters at the present location. Here Fink's continued to grow until today the store is Greensburg's largest shoe store. FINK'S SHOE STORE S. MAIN STREET PAUL R. ANDREWS 1949 Compliments to our City From WESTMORELAND COUNTY'S OLDEST CONTRACTORS J. E. SNYDER COMPANY Founded 1865 by Simon Snyder 1865 to 1875 Simon Snyder 1875 to 1885 Snyder and Wible 1885 to 1913 John E. Snyder 1913 to 1926 Burrell and Snyder PH.G. 1926 to 1949 J. E. Snyder Co. 1799 1949 The Westmoreland Supply Company The Westmoreland Supply Company was established in 1902 in the building they occupy at the present time. The building was erected by John Shoemaker who operated this business some time, but later an interest was taken by William Bush and his sister Alice Bush who operated the business after Mr. Shoemaker retired from the business. The wall paper department was opened and operated by Mr. W. W. Enderlin for more than thirty years when he retired in 1944. Miss Bush retired from the business in 1922 selling her interest to Mr. F. W. Wagner who operated the business with Mr. Bush, W. W. Enderlin, Don Younie and A. J. Monnich. Mr. Wagner sold his interest in 1931 to Roy B. Lowman and after the death of William Bush, his interest was purchased by the remaining partners. The company is owned and operated entirely by Greensburg people and at present is owned and operated by the following: Roy B. Lowman, A. J. Monnich, R. M. Lowman, and George Loerch. The Westmoreland Supply Company are Wholesale & Retail Distributors of Glass for all building purposes as well as National Brands of Paints; namely Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co.; Pratt & Lambert; Boston Varnish Co.; Dutch Boy Paints, also painters' supplies and national brands of wall papers. 1799 1 949 ....................... Walthour Lumber Co. Don't Blunder ... Phone the LUMBER Number 2 5 9 According to our memories and records . . . we have been furnishing LUMBER to the people of Greensburg and surrounding areas since 1884. You, - too few, who will recall when the name of Walthour first became associated with the LUMBER business in 1884 under the firm name of Struble, Walthour and Struble. This shortly thereafter was changed to Struble and Walthour, with the Mill and Yard located out west Otterman St., now occupied by Wilson & Co., Meat Packers and Sixth Ward Hose Co., building. We have been in our present location 757 So. Main St., for over twenty years under the present name of Walthour Lumber Co., Inc. We have been through almost the complete cycle: namely ... Wars ... Depressions (used to be called famines) ... Flood (that 1936 flood certainly didn't do us any good) ... Fire - November, 1947; and we are proud to be still serving the Greensburg area with LUMBER and allied building materials. We easily recall the "Horse and Wagon" era in materials delivery. Our present modern equipment is a far cry from those old days; as we now can make deliveries in a matter of hours and minutes compared to half or full day delivery in the "old days". Our present service has expanded considerably from the old days - when Lumber and Mill work was the complete line. While Lumber and Millwork are still the main features we carry complete stocks of Roofings, Insulation, Hardware, Glass, Paints and many other allied building materials. We certainly look forward to continue serving you your building materials require- ments. The LUMBER Number is still 2 5 9 Seton Hill College SETON HILL COLLEGE was founded in 1883. Although empowered to confer academic degrees, the institution provided only high school education for nearly thirty years. In 1912 a junior college was opened. The scope of the work was enlarged during the next five years. On June 3, 1918 the trustees secured a new college charter, and the first baccalaureate degrees were conferred in 1919. Since that time more than 1600 young women have been graduated. SETON HILL COLLEGE grants the degrees: Bachelor of Arts - a major is offered in the departments of biology, chemistry, economics, English, French, German, history, Latin, mathematics, physics, politics, psychology, sociology, and Spanish. The minor departments include art, education, Greek, Italian, philosophy, and speech. Bachelor of Music - there are three curricula: music education, the artist's course in piano, organ, violin, and the artist's course in voice. Bachelor of Science in Home Economics - three options are provided: teacher educa- tion, nutrition and institutional management, and merchandising. SETON HILL COLLEGE has a faculty of fifty-nine persons, including four priests, nine lay men, thirteen lay women, and thirty-three Sisters of Charity. SETON HILL COLLEGE has an enrollment of approximately five hundred and fifty full-time students, representing about twenty American states and several foreign countries. SETON HILL COLLEGE is on a Catholic foundation; the student body includes non-Catholic young women of many denominations. SETON HILL COLLEGE is a ranking liberal arts college, approved by the National Catholic Educational Association, and holding national membership in the American Association of University Women. 1799 1949 Westmoreland Water Company FOUNDED 1886 First Meters Installed 1892 Serving Cities of Greensburg and Jeannette; Boroughs of South Greens- burg; South West Greensburg, Youngwood, Penn, Manor, Irwin and North Irwin. Townships of Unity, Mt. Pleasant, Hempfield, Penn and North Huntingdon. 1799 "Greensburg is a compact, well built, snug little town, of about a hundred houses, with a hadnsome court-house, a Presbyterian meeting- house, and a market-house. "On entering Habach's tavern, I was no little surprised to see a fine coal fire, and I was informed that coal is the principal fuel of the country fifty or sixty miles round Pittsburgh. It is laid down at the doors here for six cents a bushel." Mrs. Anne Royall on page 24, Volume II of her "Travels in Pennsyl- vania" published in Washington in 1829, has this to say about Greens- burg when she traveled through it during November of 1828: "Greensburg is a very handsome borough town of about one thous- and inhabitants, and occupies one of the most delightful situations to be met with off of the waters, in the State. This town, which is mostly built of brick was built since Hannastown was burned by the Indians, if I am not mistaken, in 1782-but it doubtless will not improve much more as it is some distance from navigation. It will, however, always allure the eye of taste from the beauty of its scenery and fertility of the surrounding country, which arises around it in swelling hills of beauty. The Chestnut ridge, seen plain from Greensburg stretched along the east, in an unbroken line." Whether it is more remarkable that Greensburg was without banking facilities until the early part of 1814 or that it had banking facilities that early, depends on the individual's viewpoint. However, it is remarkable that Greensburg's first bank was capitalized at $250,000.00 as appears by articles of Association of the Westmoreland Bank of Pennsylvania first advertised in the "Greensburg and Indiana Register" on November 27, 1813. The Association was organized to exist for thirty years and its first directors were John B. Alexander, also President; Thomas McGuire, Michael P. Cassily, also Secretary; Wm. S. Graham, Nicholas Day, John Reed, Richard Coulter, Gen. D. Marchand, William Jack, J. Postlethwaite, Jeremiah Murry, Arthur Carr, Simon Drum, Junr., John Lobingier and Jacob Kerns. On December 6, 1813, Jeremiah Murry resigned and Jacob Rugh was elected director in his place. No doubt the organizers of this bank rightly realized that the economy of Greensburg was evolving from barter and trade to money as a medium of exchange. In fact tradesmen had advertised that they were willing to accept country products in payment of their services and Wm. S. Graham in the issue of his paper of October 15, 1812, had stated that "country products if brought immediately will be taken in 1949 payment of this paper," the subscription price of which was $2.00 a year. Simon Drumm, Jr. who was also for years the postmaster and who had a store along with the postoffice beside his father's hotel had ad- vertised on June 25, 1812 in the "Westmoreland and Indiana Register" that "Store goods will be given for wheat, rye, corn or oats at the store of the subscriber in Greensburg." Furthermore, the original organizers of this bank probably anticipated improvement of the Pennsylvania Road which would facilitate transportation and trade, for about this time meetings were being held in Greensburg for organizing a turnpike company and to promote legislation for this purpose. In fact just ten days before a number of persons from the Borough and its vicinity met at the "house of Simon Drumm, Sr.," "For the purpose of taking into consideration the propriety of petitioning the Legislature, in conjunction with the citizens of Allegheny County to incorporate a company for the purpose of making a turnpike road from this place to Pittsburgh. Simon Drumm, Senr. was appointed Chairman and Richard Coulter, Secretary." Michael P. Cassily, William Friedt, and John Reed were appointed a Committee to draft a Petition to the Legislature, and Major Alexander, Simon Drumm, Jr. and Richard Coulter a Committee to correspond with the citizens of Allegheny County (Ibid. November 20, 1813). After a meeting of the joint Committees of the two counties on December 27, 1813 (Ibid January 8, 1814) the Legislature on March 9, 1814 passed an act directing the Governor to incorporate five turnpike companies. The Commissioners appointed to open books for subscriptions for stock in the Greensburgh and Pittsburgh Turnpike Road Company were Simon Drumm, Jr., William Friedt, Robert Stewart and Jeremiah Murry of Westmoreland County, toegther with six from Allegheny County and two from Washington County, and the Commissioners appointed for this purpose for the Somerset (changed to Stoyestown) and Greensburgh Turnpike Road Company were William Jack, Arthur Carr, Peter Gay, John Grove, Hugh Martin, John White, James Hurst and Alex. Johnston of Westmoreland County, together with others from Somerset and Fayette County (Ibid. May 28, 1814, also Vogle's op. cit. p. 55). The turnpike was not completely finished from one end to the other until the close of the year 1821. However, an indication of what a busy and cosmopolitan place Greensburg must have been even before the completion of the turnpike is shown by the fact that for the year ending May 31, 1818: -18- 1799 ... ... i 1949 Ohringer Home Furniture Co. GREENSBURG, PA. March 2, 1929, the Ohringer Home Furniture opened at 17 North Main St., Greensburg. Company Time and success have changed the Ohringer Store in size only. Our policy today is the same as it was twenty years ago when we first started - policy of serving our customers best. Those customers... and they are neighbors too... are the people who have made possible our participation in the progress of the city of Greensburg. 1799 P 1949 Home of "Young Idea Fashions" Sorber & Hoone ARCHITECTS LaRose Shop afloUe 1 FIRST NATIONAL BANIC .BUILDING FOUNDED 1926 A SECTION OF OUR NEWLY Owned and Operated by Greensburgers REMODELED SECOND FLOOR To the People of Greensburg ... best wishes for continued PROGRESS and PROSPERITY from TKnon loe W orkman's Department Store ONE OF GREENSBURG'S LEADING MEN'S AND BOYS CLOTHIERS SINCE 1925. AND W2no ST. 6REEM6R The W estmoreland Trading Post MLA R .O GREENSBURG'S LEADING SUPPLIERS OF SPORTING GOODS ... RECORDS ... TOYS 124 SOUTH PENNA. AVE. 1799 1949 Walworth Company GREENSBURG WORKS Photograph about 1900 For sixty years this plant, which is Greensburg Works of Walworth Company, has helped make industrial history in Greensburg. The Kelly and Jones Company selected Greensburg long ago in 1887 as a fine place in which to build a new plant and expanding business. It has been a long step from the January 1889 payroll of 86 people to the present organization of over 2000 employees. The Kelly and Jones Company built a plant and a business, manu- facturing pipe fittings and valves. Walworth Company, starting in Boston, Massachusetts in 1842, was nearly 100 years old and still ex- panding when it purchased the Kelly and Jones Company in 1925. This brought an efficient manufacturing plant into a Company with a broad reputation for quality and a strong nationwide and international sales distribution. Walworth valves and fittings are so much a part of everyday life that we take them for granted. Yet there is hardly a service in which valves and fittings do not play a vital part; drinking water, gas, domestic heating, power stations that make our electric current, gasoline stations, sanitary piping. Thousands of fittings and valves are working behind the scenes for each of us. Walworth products find their way to oil fields and refineries, railroad locomotives and cars, private residences and public buildings, power plants, freighters and passenger vessels, battleships and submarines, everywhere that gases and liquids are carried through pipes. Two thousand people concerned with the operation of the Walworth plant in South Greensburg make quality and service their watchword everyday. This attitude means more customers satisfactorily served, more jobs and steadier jobs and a reasonable profit. Profit plus good management makes better jobs with constantly improving equipment and working conditions. 1799 1949 Walworth Company GREENSBURG WORKS Naturally, being human, two thousand people have a great variety of interests. Their interests are as varied as Greensburg itself. We have our unions with which we live in peace, constantly striving for a better life for all of us. We have our fishermen, bowlers, hunters, pinochle artists, ball players and singers. Our employees operate a Credit Union, one of the oldest with 15 years of successful operation. Our Mutual Aid Society was founded in 1891. A new organization, operated by an employee board of trustees, is worthy of special mention - the Employees' Community Charity Chest has played an important part in financing local charities which help to make Greensburg a better place in which to live, and has helped hundreds of individual employees in temporary distress. All of these activities go to make a thriving industry and a thriving city. The present plant, with 750,000 square feet of floor space, manu- factures nearly all of its products from the raw material, such as pig iron, scrap and ingot through all processes to the finished and tested final product, ready to go into piping of homes and industries. To do this, a payroll of nearly half a million dollars is distributed in the Greensburg area every month, and this is in addition to the money spent for the large volume of supplies, services, and materials purchased in the local market or through Greensburg firms. Having been part of the building of this country for 107 years, Walworth Company looks forward, together with the city of Greensburg, to the years of building and improvement ahead; to a day when the present modes of travel, housing, and communication will then look as obsolete as the horse and buggy looks today. With good management, good workmanship and, above all, mutual understanding and toleration, this plant and Greater Greensburg will grow and'prosper. We congratulate the citizens of Greensburg on this Sesqui- Centennial. 1799 1949 RON HARROLD O. C. HARROLD President Established in Greensburg in 1917, by O. C. Harrold, present head, in an old frame store room, pictured at the right. The O. C. Harrold Garage is now the oldest automobile dealer in the city under the original management. At the time of the opening of the original garage, Mr. Harrold had the agency for Maxwell, Chalmers, Elgin and Chandler-later taking on Chrysler in 1923. In 1926, the Harrold Agency moved into spacious new quarters in their new modern limestone building, which is still considered one of the most beautiful and modern automobile plants in the city. CLAYTON HARROLD Congratulations TO THE CITY OF GREENSBURG ON ITS 150th ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION In 1947, the company was incorporated with Mr. Harrold and his two sons, Ron and Clayton being taken into the firm which now em- ploys some 15 employees, and is one of the leading Nash dealers of the country, having had the Nash franchise for the past 16 years. 0. C. Harrold Inc. 237-39 EAST PITTSBURGH STREET NASH AUTOMOBILES 1799 WE CONGRATULATE YOU! - CITY OF GREENSBURG ON YOUR 15otfI rn-z: itaty City of Arnold M. F. HORNE MAYOR THOMAS HAZER Director of Finances TED SETTLEMEYER Director Department of Streets and Sewers FRANK GIGLER Director of Public Safety ALFRED COLAIANNI Director of Parks and Buildings 1949 1949 From a one room shoe store to a completely modern specialty store IRoYER's has grown with Greensburg since 1914 Greensburg born, Greensburg owned, and Greens- burg managed, Royer's is truly a Greensburg institution. Born in 1914 the F. W. Royer Company specialized in better shoes and accessories for men, women, and children and was located two doors north of its present location. In 1923 Royer's leased and moved into its present home thus beginning a steady growth to the modem specialty store of today. In March, 1930 the first floor dress shop was opened in the room which now houses a complete men's furnishings department. In September, 1936 women's fashions were moved to the second floor and the present men's shop was established. At about the same time Royer's first fur storage vault was built only to be followed by another spacious and completely modern vault in 1948. This latter year also saw the opening of Royer's third floor fur, coat, and suit department and a com- pletely new, smooth-riding elevator running from the downstairs to the third floor. Royer's was founded in 1914 by F. W. Royer and a year later the management was assumed by Arthur Smith. Under his guidance and with the help of many faithful employees Royer's has steadily grown from a one room shoe store to a completely modern specialty store. 1799 1799 CONGRATULATIONS TO THE CITY OF GREENSBUR-G ON ITS SESQUI-CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY Wm. Penn Beneficial Association ORGANIZED JANUARY, 1922 FRATERNAL AND BENEFICIAL MEMBER - FROM EVERY STATE OF THE UNION 1949 1799 WARNER BROTHERS Manos - Strand and Grand THEATRPES SaLutak GREENSBURG, PA. 1799 - 1949 SESQUI-CENTENNIAL 7 The "CASINO", one of Greensburg's first theatres. Opened by R. T. Jennings in 1907, it was located next door to the present Thomas Drug Store. 1949 1799 .THOS. J. BARCLAY Banker 1854-1881 WILSON BAUGHMAN President 1881-1895 1949 - Barclay-Westm orelan d Trust Co. In 1854, just 55 years after Greensburg became a borough, Thomas Johnston Barclay started a financial institution that was destined to become Westmoreland County's oldest and largest Bank . . . the Barclay-West- moreland Trust Co. Starting as a private bank known as THOS. J. BARCLAY, BANKER, it became the BARCLAY BANK in 1881 and later in 1908 consolidated with the WESTMORE- LAND SAVINGS & TRUST CO. when the present name was adopted. Throughout the years the bank continued to grow, and in 1928 the present building on the corner of Main and Pittsburgh was erected. The Barclay-Westmoreland Trust Company, after nearly a century of successful service to Greensburg and its citizens, still adheres to the tried and true banking principles of its founder .... sound principles that have won the respect and confidence of people in all walks of life. THOMAS BARCLAY President 1931-1937 CAPTAIN JOHN BARCLAY. JR. President 1937 JOHN BARCLAY President 1895-1908 1921-1931 DAVID NEWILI President 1908-1921 1799 "There passed through the turnpike toll gate on the top of Chestnut Ridge between Greensburg and Stoy6stown 7120 single horses, 350 one horse vehicles, 501 two horse vehicles, 105 three horse vehicles, 281 four horse vehicles, 2412 five horse vehicles, 2698 six horse vehicles, 38 one horse sleighs and sleds and 201 two horse sleighs and sleds making a total of 38,599 horses for the first year".the toll gate was used. Likely most of the three to eight horse vehicles were Conestoga Wagons. It might be added here that by 1827 during the first twenty days of March, 500 wagons passed eastward and westward through the toll gate on the hill West of Greensburg and 85 through the hill East of Greensburg on March 31, 1832, and on March 12, 1839, 92. (Ibid. page 61). In contrast to the importance of Greensburg on a trans-state route of traffic and as a busy county Seat it is interesting to note by the report of the Auditors for Westmoreland County for the year 1813, the tax duplicate of Greensburg Borough amounted to only $138.32. ("Greens- burgh and Indiana Register, February 5, 1814). Such a low rate of tax- ation can be understood from the same report which discloses that it cost the County only $1025.00 for jurers, $148.97 expenses for prosecu- ting criminal cases, $400.00 salaries for the Commissioners including a Clerk; and $242.48 for jail expenses. Another item in the report which should be of interest to Greens- burghers of all generations is "Cost of a.bell and carriage of the same from Philadelphia, $442.97." This is the same bell that used to clang for victories and toll for deaths, and at New Year's ring out the old and ring in the new. This bell was used in the Court House of that time until that Courthouse was demolished in the' middle 50's when the bell was placed in the 3rd Court House which was completed in 1856. It remained there until the present Court House was built in 1907, when the bell was removed to the jail tower where it now is. As would be expected the early inhabitants of Greensburg and vicinity loved, lived and died experiencing annoyances, worries and tragedies as is incident to any generation. Births must have been taken for granted and to be the natural and routine result of living for in no issue of any papers during this period does there appear any news item reporting births. In fact deaths usually were reported in a routine way unless they were catastrophic. Due to the lack of medical means to prevent the ravage of contagious diseases, two or more deaths frequently occurred in one family within a fortnight and were announced in the local paper with the same routine as a single death, nor did the news item disclose the nature of the disease causing such plural deaths, viz: 1949 "Died on the 14th March last, Mr. Robert Patterson of Rostraver Township. -"On the 16th Mrs. Nancy Patterson, consort of Mr. James Patterson of South Huntingdon Township. - "On the 21st at his farm in Rostraver Township, Mr. Thomas Patterson. "On the 26th Mr. James Patterson at his farm in South Huntingdon Township." (Greensburgh & Indiana Register, May 8, 1813). "Died on Saturday, the 12th inst, Mrs. Elizabeth Graham, consort of Mr. Andrew Graham, merchant, Laughlinstown. -"On Wednesday, the 16th at Laughlinstown Mr. Andrew Graham, merchant.' ' (Ibid. Mar. 26, 1814). Deaths and marriages of persons in the town of Greensburg were seldom announced in the press nor other personal items of local interest, apparently for the reason that everyone already knew the facts hence such items were not news. Deaths in the outlying townships and mar- riages if one of the parties was from out of town were reported, for example: "Married on Thursday evening last by Rev. Mungo Dick, Mr. John Rainey of Derry Township to Mrs. Margaret M'Kissick of this town." (Ibid. July 3, 1813) However an exception appears in the issue of January 9, 1813, as follows: "Married: at Pittsburgh on the Ist inst. the Hon. John Young, Esq. of Greensburgh to Miss Satira Barclay." No doubt the marriage having taken place elsewhere made this last item newsworthy. Many issues of the local papers contained two or more notices by aggrieved husbands that they would not be responsible for any debts contracted by their estranged wives, and not only did the buxom wives stray from the stout husbands of the day but also indentured servants, a slave now and then, cows and most frequently horses. Sometimes the notices expressly stated and sometimes by innuendo indicated that these articles were stolen. Although not an inhabitant of Greensburg but certainly integrated with its history, none other than Arthur St. Clair inserted the following notice in the "Greensburgh and Indiana Register" on July 21, 1813: -19- 1799 "INFANT INDUSTRY" JOY TOGS, Inc. Joins hand in hand with the good citizens of this community in celebrating GREENSBURG'S SESQUI-CENTENNIAL Established in this city in 1946, we maintain our plant and office in a three-story ultra-modern daylight building at 950 Highland Avenue, employing approximately 150 people in the manufacture of children's garments and the Nationally known "WINTER TOWNIES SNOW SUITS" Our products are well-known and are sold throughtout the United States in leading chain and department stores. CONGRATULATIONS TO THE CITY OF GREENSBURG ON ITS 150th ANNIVERSARY Isherwood Motor Sales Showroom at 1350 Broadway, New York City. 1949 1799 WE LOOK LIKE THIS IN 1949 We Have Grown With Greensburg, too ! The G. C. Murphy Co., with its As Greensburg grew, so grew Home Office in nearby McKees- port, first opened a store in Greens- burg in 1908. It was one small room, with strictly 5 and 10 cent merchandise, and followed the Company policy of giving honest values with friendly service! 1908 G. C. M your Murphy Store! Today we have 19,595 square feet of selling space, employ approximately 100 people to provide you with the hundreds of items you need daily! No longer strictly "5 and 10" we still believe in giving "Honest values with Friendly Service". urphy Co. 1949 1949 A SALUTE TO GREENSBURG! It is with sincere pleasure that the officers, directors, and members of the GREENSBURG SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION join with their friends and neighbors in celebrating the One Hundred Fiftieth Anniversary of the founding of the CITY OF GREENSBURG. We are most proud of our city and happy that our Institution has contributed in some modest way to its progress. During the Seventy-six years that this organization, a true community financial institution, has served the people in their thrift and home financing problems, it has granted loans in excess of $4,500,000.00 to buy or build homes and has returned to its members $3,925,000.00 of their savings ... (No investor has ever lost a dollar entrusted to its care.) Our remarkable record from the safety viewpoint of savings is due in a large measure to the intelligent leadership of past officers and directors, and to the confidence and support of the shareholders. OUR RESOLVE FOR THE FUTURE With the same faith in the future of Greensburg as our predecessors, we, the present officers and directors, resolve to improve our operations so that we may extend our services and facilities to a greater number of people of this community. We thank YOU, the CITY OF GREENSBURG, for your friendly co-operation and good will. OFFICERS W. C. L. Bayne President E. C. Boyle Vice-President W. C. L. Bayne E. C. Boyle Thomas H. Keim Frederick T. Seymour W. R. McNamara Executive Vice-President and Secretary DIRECTORS Frank E. Maddocks Homer L. Keener A. M. Coshey COUNSEL Frederick T. Seymour A. M. Coshey Assistant Secretary and Treasurer Samuel C. Truxal Leslie A. Fait Glenn R. Stough W. R. McNamara Howard M. Whitehead GREENSBURG SAVINGS and -foan cjs,oat1on 11 E. Otterman Street "Or T EarI of Stite and S-cutity" WE LOOKED LIKE THIS IN 1939 1799 Maxwell Furniture Company Way back in the days of gas lights and horse-drawn delivery wagons ... in February, 1907 to be exact ... Greensburg witnessed the opening of a new furniture store. Carying the name of Bierer, Lynch and Maxwell, the new establish- ment; devoted to the finest in home furnishings, was founded at 145 E. Otterman St., by Ray L. Bierer, Cochran L Lynch and William H. Maxwell. Shortly after the opening, Mr. Bierer passed away without realizing the fruits of the new venture, and in 1913, Mr. Lynch sold his interests to Horace G. Henry, who in 1920, sold out to William H. Maxwell. Mr. Maxwell continued as sole owner of the firm - abiding by the original business policy of Quality and Service. When the need for expansion arose, the firm, now known as Maxwell's, moved to larger quarters in the Wineman Building at 203 S. Maple Ave., where the business continued to prosper and grow. Expansion plans were con- tinually in the making, finally materializing in 1947 when a new building was erected at 114 E. Otterman St., in the neighborhood of the original location. The move was completed in the latter part of 1947, and the new building, modern in design and detail has continued to bear the fruits of progressive planning - answering the needs of the present-day partners, William H. Maxwell and his son, Samuel E. Maxwell ... and the responsive residents of Greensburg. 1949 1799 Charley Brothers WHOLESALE GROCERS 563 W. OTTERMAN STREET GREENSBURG, PA. This Wholesale Grocery firm was founded in 1918 by the present senior member, Michael Charley. The original site of the firm was a small store-room located on Second Avenue in Derry, Pennsylvania. In 1935, with the need for larger and more adequate warehouse facilities, the building now occupied by Charley Brothers on West Otterman Street, was purchased from the Westmoreland Grocery Company. Over 400 independently owned retail grocery stores within a radius of 60 miles are serviced through this warehouse. The partnership is now composed of the founder, Michael Charley, and his three sons, James, Fred and William. 1949 Greensburg Coca-Cola Bottling Co., Inc. 300 WEST OTTERMAN STREET GREENSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA Under the leadership and guidance of the late D. W. Gallatin, the Greensburg Coca-Cola Bottling Company has been providing refresh- ments through the past years to the people of Greensburg and a large part of the County. The company began operations in 1926 on Alwine Avenue with 7 employees, 3 delivery trucks, and machinery having a bottling capacity of 15 bottles per minute. In 1933 larger quarters were obtained at our present location. The year 1941 was a year of sadness. The death of D. W. Gallatin, President of the Company, occurred. During the same year the War and subsequent rationing of sugar and supplies brought on an almost complete curtailment of operations. At present the Company is operating with 25 employees, 16 trucks, and with the most modern bottling equipment producing 160 bottles per minute. Greensburg will progress in community growth and development! As part of our participation in this progress, we plan a modern building on East Pittsburgh Street. In looking into the future we do so with the sincere hope that we shall continue to merit the patronage of our many friends and customers. Present Officers: President and Treasurer ............Camille A. Gallatin Vice President .------------............. .....Albert D. Gallatin Secretary ...... ....... ....... ......... ....... ... Sally G. Keck 1799 1949 OLD FBIENDS The management and employees of the oldest ice cream company in Western Pennsylvania are happy to congratulate Greensburg on its 150th anniversary. Greensburg and the I. N. Hagan Ice Cream Company have long been associated. Over fifty years ago Hagan Ice Cream was being sold by dealers here, having been packed in ice and salt and shipped in tubs by express train from Uniontown. In 1921 contractors Burrell & Snyder built the Hagan storage and distribution plant on Brown Avenue. The following year Hagan com- menced manufacturing ice cream in the newly-acquired Tasty Ice Cream plant on Highland Avenue. Also, at that time Hagan Milk was first sold in Greensburg. In 1929, all manufacturing of ice cream was discontinued in the Hagan branch plants including the one at Greensburg. That function was concentrated in the Uniontown plant, where it still remains. Since 1921 there has been a retail ice cream store at the plant on Brown Avenue. In 1936 it was remodeled into the modern dairy store which has become so well-known to the folks of Greensburg. Now, with over 36 employees helping supply fine dairy foods to- the people of Westmoreland, Indiana, Armstrong, Allegheny, and_ Fayette counties, the Hagan plant and store in Greensburg are an im- portant part of the economic and social life of the community. But Hagan, like Greensburg, has an .eye to the future. Our hope is for mutual progress and prosperity - for Greensburg and for Hagans' - in the years to come. And once more, congratulations! rQuality a tadition 1incE 1S7" 1799 WE TOO ARE HAPPY TO HELP CELEBRATE GREENSBURG'S SESQUI-CENTENNIAL AND ARE PROUD TO BE A PART OF 150 YEARS OF PROGRESS The Sky Club NICHOLAS MOSCHETTI 1949 OUR CONGRATULATIONS TO THE CITY OF GREENSBURG on its SESQUI-CENTENNIAL GREENSBURG PATTERN COMPANY MOUNT PLEASANT ROAD OVERMEYER MOULD COMPANY OF PENNSYLVANIA HIGHLAND AVENUE - GREENSBURG GREENSBURG 1799 - 1949 KEYSTONE HOTEL On the Lincoln Highway-U. S. Route 30 Mark Mace, present proprietor of the Keystone Hotel, settled in Greensburg in 1895, and with his brother, the late Louis M. Mace established one of Greensburg's leading Men's Clothing. Furnishings and Shoe Store which they successfully operated until 1928 when they assumed the active management of the Hotel property. 1799 1949 Fourteen years ago, in 1935, Col. W. J. Stiteler, Jr. and John A. Robertshaw founded the Coal Operators Casualty Company in Greens- burg. Col. Stiteler, from his first-hand experience gained in the coal mining industry, had some definite, practical ideas concerning Work- cOL. w. J. sTIT men's Compensation Insurance .... ideas which proved them- President and Gene selves sound .., ideas which were accepted by the mine operators. OPE It was soon demonstrated to the coal industry that excessive costs of Workmen's Compensation Insurance could be materially reduced to the assureds through the Coal Operators Casualty Company's engineer- ing service. This service helped establish safety practices in the mines and taught improved production methods that most timei led to lowered costs of operation. In 1938 the Company began writing compensation insurance for other than coal mines and in 1942 added public liability. By February 1941 the Company had 52 employees and moved to larger quarters on the 20th floor of the Oliver Building in Pittsburgh, where it enjoyed five successful years. Then to accommodate the ever-growing need for additional personnel and more space, the Company PERATORS CASUALTY CO. - HOME OFFICE, GREENSBURG, PA. purchased the Lynch mansion in Greensburg and in April .. 1946 moved into its present beautiful quarters. Its personnel now number over three hundred. It operates in eighteen states, with branch offices in Indiana, Kentucky, New Jersey and Philadelphia and Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, and claim service offices in Norton and Lynchburg, Virginia and Knoxville, Tennessee. Coal Operators Casualty Company ELER, JR. ral Manage COAL 0 1799 1949 S bon oflCezP1 andI nZTA1 of GREENSBURG LODGE No. 511 Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks C. B. LOZAW EXALTED RULER W. A. McCANDLESS SECRETARY JAS. P. GLASGOW TREASURER Founder of Silvis Farms, Inc. - 1875-1941 JACOB HENRY SILVIS OVER 90 YEARS OF CONTINUOUS SERVICE 1858-Henry S. Coshey & John L. Hacke formed a partnership (Coshey & Hacke) having purchased the business of Edwin R. Boice. 1865--This partnership was dissolved and each of the partners con- tinued individually. 1885--Upon the death of Mr. Hacke, his son-in-law, Mr. Joseph B. George continued the business. 1890-Mr. George sold out to Mr. Samuel N. Shields who carried on until 1895. 1895-Mr. Edward Perry purchased the business from his former employer, Mr. Shields. 1906-The late John W. Maxwell succeeded Mr. Perry and operated the business until his death in 1933. 1933-In September of 1933 the present firm of Buckley-Barnhart was organized. Much progress has been made through the years from the old cabinet shop to the modern Funeral Home of today. Buckley- Barnhart FUNERAL HOME East Pittsburgh St., at Tremont Ave., Greensburg, Pa. Mr. Silvis was very active in his community and played a great part in the development of Agriculture in this area. He laid the founda- tion and started the Silvis Farms Inc. His motto was to give the people the best quality and richest bottle of milk and provide a good living for all his employees, etc. Today this Company is run by his wife and 11 children, and is the largest and most modern dairy in the area. They have a herd of purebred Holsteins of national prominence, and supply Breeding Stock throughout the United States and in South America. They also operate one of the city's leading restaurant and dairy bars at 10 East Second Street. Pennsylvania State Record, year 1947. LAUXMONT ADMIRAL CARRIE 27,093 milk 4.1% 1120.1 fat. Highest Record in World for - VISITORS WELCOME - Silvis Farms, Inc. GREENSBURG, PA. 1799 1949 PHONE 139 1799 Coshey- Buchanan Funeral Home For almost one hundred years the Coshey-Buchanan Funeral Home has been rendering a service to the people of the district. It was back in 1853 (Franklin Pierce was then President of the United States) that Henry S. Coshey started as a funeral director and founded the Coshey Funeral Home on Pennsylvania Avenue where the Grand Theater is now located. At his death the management of the business went to his son Harry D. Coshey who was the father of the present partner Henry S. Coshey. Nine years after the turn of the century (1909) the Henry S. Coshey and Sons Funeral Home, as it was known then, moved to a new location on North Pennsylvania Avenue. Harry D. Coshey passed away during 1929 and his son Henry S. Coshey took charge. The business continued to grow and prosper and in 1940 it was moved to the present home ... 319 West Pittsburgh Street. On January 1st, 1948 Mr. Coshey took his assistant manager, Robert McC. (Buck) Buchanan, into the business as a partner. The business name was changed to Coshey-Buchanan Funeral Home. The success of the Coshey-Buchanan Funeral Home has been built on the integrity of its management . . . management that has earned the confidence and respect of the people of Greensburg and environs. 1949 1799 "Strayed or stolen from the farm of Mrs. Robb, at the spring on the Chestnut Ridge, in Westmoreland County-a handsome dark bay or brown horse, rather more than 15 hands high, shod all around, and about 14 years old but has a younger appearance-has no natural white marks but has a good many white saddle spots, and is branded on the shoulder with the letters I.E., but so lightly impressed that they are scarce noticed, a black main and a long black tail which has never been docked, and his buttocks and white thighs are dappled-his gait a smooth trot. If any person has taken him up and either sends him to Mrs. Robb or sends word where he is, I will give four dollars reward and reasonable charges, or if solten ten dollars on conviction of the thief. July 10, 1813. A. St. Clair" "The horse is very generally known as I have rode him for more than ten years." Mrs. Robb (Louisa) was a daughter of Arthur St. Clair who had been divorced by an Act of the Legislature passed through the influence of her father. In order to assure posterity an adequate supply of good horses advertisements proclaiming the fertility of stallions to the mares of the community and their owners, frequently appeared-sometimes titled in what would be then considered stud horse type. These horses had romantic names such as "Western Spy", owned by John Drumm, "North Star," owned by Abraham Horeback, "Young Nimrod", owned by George Armstrong, Esq., all of Greensburg, and "Emperer Napoleon", owned by Jacob Poorman of Unity Township. There were practically no commercial entertainments or diversions. Only two instances of such can be noted in the early papers up to 1815, In the issue of June 11, 1812, of the Westmoreland and Indiana Register" appears the following: "THEATRE" At: the Dublin Hotel, Greensburgh, on Friday evening, June 12, 1812, will be presented a much admired Comedy, called THE PRIZE, or 2, 5, 3, 8! Between the Comedy and Farce, Recitation,--"Mary the Maid of the Inn," written by Southy- Mrs. Mary Turner. 1949 Comic Song-"Thimble's scolding wife lay dead.-Mr. Williams. To which will be added a celebrated Comic opera, called THE WAG OF WINDFOR; Or MAN OF ALL TRADES. For particulars see bills." Although not held in Greensburg, yet apparently for the diversion of the citizens of Greensburg, the following advertisement appears in the "Greensburg and Indiana Register" on August 27, 1812: "STANTON RACES" "There will be run for over a handsome course, at Stanton near Weaver's mills, on the 10th and 11th of September next, the following purses, viz: "On the first day, a purse of fifty dollars-free for horse, mare or gelding. "Second day, a purse of seventy-five dollars over the same ground. The winning horse over the preceeding day excepted. "On the evening of the second day a handsome sweepstake will be run for. "Horses to be entered the evening preceeding, or pay double at the pole. During the 30's there was a decrease of ten in the population of Greensburg, the population in 1840 being 800. However, the fabulous 40's increased the population more than in any other previous decade when by 1850 the Borough had 1051 inhabitants. The town by this time was outgrowing its adolescent suit of clothes so that by 1860 with a population of 1388 it increased its Borough limits for the first time since its incorporation. Sir Charles Lyle, F.R.S., President of the Geological Society of London, who visited Dr. Alfred King, of whom more will be noticed later, on April 16, 1846 had the following to say about Greensburg on page 227, Vol. II of his book entitled "A Second visit to the United States of North America", published in London: "Greensburg is a neat compact town of about 1000 inhabitants. The houses are all of brick; there is a Court House and five churches, some -20- 1799 BAIR & BROWN, INC. FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING GREENSBURG, PA. TOM H. BROWN, PRES. DONALD S. BAIR, SEC. & TREAS. GENERAL INSURANCE 1882-Freeman C. Gay establishes Insurance Agency. 1885-Edward H. Bair forms partnership known as Gay & Bair. 1891-Winfield S. Lane joins partnership and firm name is changed to Gay, Bair & Lane. 1900-Firm becomes Bair & Lane due to death of Mr. Gay. 1925-Kenneth H. Bair and Albert E. McCloskey purchase business and operate as Bair & McCloskey. 1929-K. H. Bair & Company results from dissolution of Bair & McCloskey partnership. 1945-Tom H. Brown merges his insurance business with K. H. Bair & Co. forming present firm of Bair & Brown, Inc. AN OLD RELIABLE FIRM WRITING ALL FORMS OF INSURANCE DUOUESNE SLAG PROD)UCTS COMPANY OLIVER BUILDING PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA PHONE ATlantic 3841 AIR COOLED BLAST FURNACE SLAGS: FOR BETTE' MACADAM, CONCRETE, BITUMINOUS PREMIXES AND TREATMENTS SAND AND GRAVEL River, Rail and Truck Deliveries (MEMBER PENNSYLVANIA SLAG ASSOCIATION) 1949 S. C. TRUXAL During the year 1888 Henry Temple opened a hardware store known as the Temple Hardware. Shortly after the opening the entire store and stock were destroyed by fire. The store was rebuilt and operated until December 5th, 1920 when the present owner, S. C. Truxal and others bought and reorganized the business under the name Penn Hardware and Heating Company, with S. C. Truxal as manager. During the last 29 years the Penn Hardware has grown steadily and in hardware business a complete sheet metal shop is operated. PENN HARDWABE addition to the & HEATING CO. GREENSBURG, PA. Our Congratulations i City of - GREENSBURG - On Your 150th Anniversary PENNSYLVANIA CONCRETE VAULT CO. ANNA MACKO, Proprietor 717-720 WEST PITTSBURGH STREET ESTABLISHED 1932 1799 F. W. ROBERTSHAW Founder of Robertshaw Thermostat Co. 1853-1941 EXECUTIVE OF 110 EAST OTTERMAN ST. Robertshaw-Fulton Controls Company is one of the largest makers of temperature and pressure controls in the world, employing over 4,000 people in its six plants which are located at Youngwood and Scottdale, Pennsylvania; Knoxville, Tennessee; Lynwood, California; St. Louis, Missouri; and Bridgeport, Connecticut. Sales of the products of these plants were in excess of $33,000,000 in 1948. More than forty years ago Mr. F. W. Robertshaw of Pittsburgh made the first thermostat for his own use. Although it was known that when heat is applied to different elements they expand in a greater or lesser degree, no one had put this principle to practical use in the field of heat regulation until Mr. Robertshaw applied it to this device which he installed on the hot water heater in his home. Thus was born, simply and unassumingly, the Robertshaw thermostat and, later, the Robertshaw Thermostat Company. ., 13 1949 JOHN A. ROBERTSHAW President GREENSBURG, PA. In 1914, the Company moved to Youngwood, Pennsylvania, in a building occupying 6,500 square feet of floor space. From this humble beginning, the Company grew substantially until in 1928 it was purchased by Reynolds Metals Company. In 1937 and 1938, it acquired the American Thermometer Company in St. Louis, Missouri, and Grayson Heat Controls, Ltd., in Lynwood, California, and in 1943, the Paragon Manufacturing Company in New Derry, Pennsylvania. In 1946 and 1947, through a series of mergers, Robertshaw Thermostat Company, The Fulton Sylphon Company in Knoxville, Tennessee, and Bridge- port Thermostat Company, Inc., in Bridgeport, Connecticut, were merged to form the Robertshaw-Fulton Controls Company, and Mr. John A. Robertshaw, President of the Robertshaw Thermostat Company and son of the founder, was elected President. In September, 1948, the Company's executive offices, formerly located in Youngwood, Pennsylvania, were moved to Greensburg. *lmn. CONTROLS COMPANY CONTROLS COMPANY 1799 1949 W e Salute You Greensburg.... on Your Sesqui-Centennial.. AND ARE PROUD TO BE A PART OF THE MARCH OF PROGRESS OF OUR CITY ! The Westmoreland Hardware Co., Inc. was established in 1929 by C. W. Browneller.and J. C. Hebrank at the location of the former store on South Pennsylvania Avenue, with the intention of operating a wholesale industrial and mine supply business in conjunction with the retail operation. This year, their 20th Anniversary, finds the business changed completely from the original retail hardware, established in 1924 by Smith and Browneller to a wholesale mill, mine and electrical supply house, serving those industries throughout the entire area of South- western Pennsylvania. As the years passed the original location of the business on South Pennsylvania Avenue was outgrown, and a new location was purchased at 326 Mount Pleasant Street where offices and warehouses with 100,000 square feet of floor space, private railroad sidings, and ample parking space accommodating the largest trucks and passenger cars are utilized in serving the trade. Westmoreland Hardware has faith in the future of Greensburg as a very important industrial trading center. Westmoreland Hardware Co., Inc. MINE AND MILL SUPPLIES C. W. BROWNELLER 326 MOUNT PLEASANT STREET GREENSBURG, PA. J. C. HEBRANK 1799 1949 Cony.tt LXo.... ......... . - The County Seat of Old Westmoreland ON YOUR 150th Birthday - Sesqui-Centennial Celebration The City of New Kensington W. CLARENCE WALLEY Mayor DUDLEY H. ANDERSON Director of Accounts and Finances FRED O. STILLWAGON Director of Public Safety ROBERT H. SINCLAIR Director of Streets and Public Improvements RAYMOND E. GARDLOCK Director of Parks and Public Property 1799 1949 conytaaXkioniz II City of Greensburg on Your 150th Anniversary Celebration FROM Loyal Order of Moose Greensburg Lodge No. 1151 We are Proud to be a part in The Loyal Order of Moose No. 1151 was constituted October 21, 1912 with 50 members on the Charter of which the following 10 members are still active; Harry O. Harrold, Henry E. Harrold, Irwin B. Blank, H. O. Smith, Andy Straslicka, Z. T. Silvis, Herman Myers, Benjamin Hewlett, H. F. Shrader, and Thos. Gannon. The membership of the order has increased from fifty members in 1912 to 1500 in 1949. The Greensburg Moose Lodge attributes its early growth and progress to the fine advice and assistance of the late Curtis H. Gregg, a charter member of the Lodge, prominent attorney and a citizen of Greensburg, and also one of the right hand men to the late James J. Davis, founder of Mooseheart. The Order was organized and constituted in the Brinker Bldg., known today as the Bon Ton Dept. Store and remained there until 1913, when it moved to the Alwine Bldg., corner of Alwine Ave. and Pittsburgh St., from there we moved in 1919 to the Odd Fellows Bldg. where it remained for one year, when in 1920 the Fetters property was purchased on the corner of Maple Ave. and Otterman St. which is the present Home of the Moose. Several years later it purchased the vacant lot joining the home. The Order carries a "Sick and Death" Benefit and owns and maintains a home for orphaned children of its deceased members known nation-wide as "Mooseheart" at Mooseheart, Ill. and a home for the aged, where man or wife or both may enter, known as "Moosehaven" at Orange Park, Florida. the Progress of Our Community ... Harry Alwine was the first Governor of our Lodge, appointed by the Supreme Lodge, the first elected officers of our Lodge are as follows: Thomas F. Weichard Governor Ira C. Hissem Prelate L. F. Edwards Junior Governor J. F. Drury Trustee Charles N. Harthertz Secretary I. B. Blank Trustee Cyrus Markle Treasurer G. W. Shearer Trustee Our living Past Governors are: Homer E. Fry R. W. Sanders A. W. Morrison H. O. Smith H. E. Harrold Calvin F. Morris A. C. McWilliams Irwin B. Blank Clyde R. Thomas Clyde B. Taylor Harry McWilliams Russell Stairs Our present officers are: D. B. Smalley Governor J. Albert Steel Junior Governor Lucien Criner Prelate Alvah M. Kurtz Secretary Pilgrims of Lodge No. 1151 are: R. W. Sanders F. T. Buttermore Louis M. Trainter Jr. Past Gov. William Fritzpatrick Alvah M. Kurtz Harry McWilliams Treasurer Merle Redding Trustee Russell Stairs Trustee F. T. Buttermore Trustee Alvah M. Kurtz 1799 217 W. FOURTH ST. BELL PHONE 93 Greensburg Baking Company BAKERS OF Penn bl A dicto GREENSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA We, of The Greensburg Baking Company, wish to congratulate the City of Greensburg on this it's Sesqui-Centennial. For nearly a half century this company has done business in Greens- burg. The Greensburg Baking Company was incorporated in 1906, and with the exception of our diastrous fire in 1933, we have been in business continuously since that date. Originally the company was engaged exclusively in the baking of bread and kindred products for wholesale distribution, but in 1928 the company became the first bakery in this area to distribute bakery products house to house, delivering by truck direct to the housewife. The present management began it's operations in Latrobe, acquiring these facilities in Greensburg in 1919. The company has expanded and grown, together with the city, and now extends into the entire area around Greensburg which makes the City of Greensburg the shopping and trade center that it is. We are proud to be a part of this fair city and grasp this opportunity to thank Greensburg for our past successes. 1949 SERVING WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA INDUSTRY SINCE 1912 THE/ PENNSYLVANIA LIGHTING (0. GREENSBURG PENNA. It was back in 1912, 37 years ago, that the Pennsylvania Lighting Company had its beginning on West Otterman Street. The Company, which was originally founded for the purpose of repairing, and rewind- ing motors, generators, etc., commenced manufacturing emergency lighting equipment in 1922, at which time headquarters were moved to Alwine Ave. In 1929 the business was purchased by two of its employees . . . Andrew Fetsko and N. J. White. Under their ownership and guidance together with Frank White (who became a partner in 1936) the business prospered and expanded ... a complete repair service for coal mines, mills and associate lines was added. Next came welding and machine shop repair facilities. The continual expansion and growth necessitated larger quarters and in 1930 Pennsylvania Lighting moved into present home at 145 Talbot Avenue. An addition was made to the building in 1945. Over the span of years the Pennsylvania Lighting Company has built an enviable reputation, in its field, for courteous service, expert work- manship and know-how. 1799 CONGRATULATIONS TO THE CITY OF GREENSBURG ON ITS ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH BIRTHDAY George E. Berry Printing Co. GREENSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 1949 1879 E. J. SCHALLER 1945 SCHALLER'S DELIVERY 1908 E. J. Schaller, as a boy of twelve, started work in a Pittsburgh bakery in 1891. In 1902 he opened his own bakery in Blairsville. Mr. Schaller moved to Greensburg in 1908, where he purchased the building and bakery of Jacob Funk located in Southwest Greensburg. Hardships were many during the next few years and the bakery survived only through the determination and will of Mr. Schaller. The business grew steadily ... the horse and wagon gave way to the automobile. Mr. Schaller purchased the first Studebaker truck to be delivered in the Pittsburgh area. Mr. and Mrs. Schaller passed on during 1945 and since then their three sons Arthur, Harry and Weddell have conducted the business. After 40 years in the same location Schaller's moved into new, modern, enlarged quarters at the present site of the plant-826 Highland Avenue. The Greater Schaller's stands as a monument to a man who had faith in a community and his business ... E. J. Schaller. SCHALLER'S BAKERY 1949 1799 When George F. Loughran bought the Weightman Drug Store, in September 1944, he became the pro- prietor of the Community's oldest established drug business. The store, which was first located where McCrory's now is, operated under three different owners . . . Messrs. Walthour, Little and Hayden. Mr. Hayden moved the business to its present site where he later sold out to Mr. Jones from whom Harry Weightman purchased the store in 1912. Mr. Weightman continued the drug store up until the time he sold it to Mr. Loughran. Loughran's is Greensburg's newest, most modern prescription drug store . . . a store devoted to the health and welfare of the community. LOUGHRAN'S u-e-ti/ ion =ug S rt0o 40 NORTH MAIN STREET PHONE 209 JOSEPH THOMAS, Pioneer Florist 1869 - 1936 JOSEPH THOMAS FLORISTS INC. 1949 (Established - 1907) HARRY C. WRIGHT AND SON JEWELERS Mr. Charles Pross - Established Pross Company in Greensburg in 1914 and for the ensuing 35 years has maintained the leadership in Westmoreland's County Seat as the Quality Merchant for Women. Over the years Pross Company has adhered to the ideals of its founder and has always striven to provide the well dressed women of the area with the finest quality fashions . . . fashions with the look exclusive "That Pross Look". ESTABLISHED 1895 PROSS CO. 1799 1949 It's Great City... and a Wonderful HUGH M. JAMISON JAMIS PHONE 4814 ON INSURANCE A ORGANIZED 1940 234 WEST PITTSBURGH ST. GREENSBURG, PA. JOSEPH L. JAMISON GENCY PHONE 4815 WE SALUTE .... The City of Greensburg on the occasion of its 150th ANNIVERSARY R. A. SCHEFFEL HIGHLAND MOTOR CO. OLDSMOBILE - CHEVROLET 1920 J. C. PENNEY CO. GREENSBURG, PA. INC. 1949 29 YEARS IN GREENSBURG This Penney Store was opened April, 1920 by Manager Robert Mohr. It is one of the 1602 Penney Stores throughout the forty-eight states. "The farther you get from one Penney Store the nearer you get to another." The present manager is Mr. J. L. Shambaugh. EAST PITTSBURGH STREET World.. 1799 ROBERTSHAW-FULTON BLDG. MAXWELL FURNITURE BLDG. POERIO BUILDERS SUPPLY BLDG. Greensburg!...W e Congratulate You! On Your 150th Anniversary WE ARE PROUD TO BE A PART OF GREENSBURG, AND SHARE IN THE CELEBRATION OF IT'S SESQUI-CENTENNIAL ... ABOVE ARE PICTURED SOME OF THE BUILDINGS WE HAVE CONSTRUCTED IN GREENSBURG POERIO CONSTRUCTION AND SUPPLY CO. 857 SOUTH MAIN STREET GREENSBURG, PA. TED POERIO 1949 1799 Lutheran other Calvinistic, the German language being used in some and the English in others. They publish three newspapers. We took up our quarters at a comfortable old fashioned inn. "There was a crowded public meeting the day of our arrival at which several orators were harangueing an audience of the lowest class in favor of war with England about Oregon. The walls were placarded with bills on which were printed in large letters these words "Forty-five or fight', which meant that the Oregon Territory must extend as far North as .the 45th degree of latitude." No doubt many towns in their history have had flowers that "blushed and bloomed and wasted their fragrance on the desert air." No doubt Greensburg has had its share of such flowers which but for a quirk of circumstances would have bloomed forth to the notice of all the world. Likely Greensburg has had many innately great men but who through fate or adventitious circumstances did not become widely known as such. The writer of this article is personally acquainted with some great men in Greensburg and.its vicinity, some un-educated, some un- couth and some illstarred, who are not generally known, nor ever will be more than ten miles from home. So rare is worldly greatness that only several persons in the whole history of Greensburg became generally known and important outside of his country. One was Dr. Alfred T. King of Greensburg, whom Sir Charles Lyle came to visit in April of 1846. Dr. King lived on Maple Avenue just North of the Methodist Church in a brick house which was demolished several years ago. Born in Galway, New York he went to Philadelphia as a boarder and scholar of Rev. Andrew Wiley, D.D., an Irish Coven- anter, after which he attended medical lectures and became what would now be an interne in the city hospitals. Commencing general practice about 1838, he became delinquent in his rent and was ejected. Going to the house of Rev. Wiley, his former preceptor, for help he met there Mr. William Brown a shop keeper of Greensburg, who had come to Philadelphia to buy goods, and who being a Covenanter himself, was visiting Dr. Wiley. Brown had with him a Westmoreland County newspaper which stated that a physician was badly needed in Pleasant Unity in that County and recommended the place to young Alfred King, -who forthwith came to Pleasant Unity. Shortly thereafter he became acquainted with Dr. James Postlethwaite of Greensburg and married his daughter, Sidney, and entered into a partnership with his father-in-law in Greensburg. Dr. King was versatile and was interested in many things, medicine, history, meteorology,, natural science and especially geology. He con- 1949 tributed many articles to the local press on these subjects as well as to magazines of national repute. In the 1840's Dr. King discovered on the Gallagher farm, near Marguerite, now owned and occupied by- James Gallagher, fossil foot marks of air breathing animals on a strata of rock of the carboniferous age and in 1844 he made this discovery public by writing about in it the Jan'uary, February'and March, 1845 issues of the American Journal of Science. Prior to that it was the opinion of geologists that no air breathing animals could 'possibly have lived in the carboniferous age because of the carbonic gas in the atmosphere. Sir Charles Lyle, the primate of geologists in England at that time and indeed in the world held to this view. He read about Dr. King's discovery and his scientific bent impelled him to come to Greensburg in April of 1846 to compare notes with Dr. King and personally to examine his geological discoveries. Upon viewing the fossil tracks he confirmed Dr. King's findings and conclusions. Lest the people of Greensburg be skeptical about the im- portance of Dr. King's discovery, Sir. Charles Lyle permitted a statement to be published in the local paper, "The Pennsylvania Argus" of April 18, 1846, the last sentence of which was: "These are the first and as yet the only indications which have been brought to light in any part of the world of the existence of reptiles in rocks of such high antiquity. We cannot, therefore, estimate too highly the scientific interest and importance of this discovery." (Albert op. cit. p. 353). History of Westmoreland County by John Newton Boucher P. 382, Lewis Publishing Co. 1906). Sir Charles Lyle in his book supra on pages 228-229 has this to say about this geological discovery: "I had determined to visit Greensburg on my way from Pittsburgh to Philadelphia, that I might examine into the evidence of the reality of certain fossil foot prints of a reptile said to have been found in strata of the ancient coal formation, and of which Dr. King of Greensburg had published an account in 1844. I had been requested by several geological friends not to return without having made up my mind on a fact, which if confirmed was of the highest theoretical importance. "During my stay in Westmoreland County I was indebted to Dr. King for the most active assistance in the prosecution of my inquiries. He kindly devoted several days to this object and we first visited together a stone quarry in Unity Township, six miles southeast of Greensburg, on a farm belonging to Mr. Gallagher, where the foot marks had been -21- 1799 NEW HOME OF GREENSBURG MOTOR COMPANY 1949 "After We Sell We Serve" B. M. RATNER AL W. RATNER President Sec'y-Treasurer The Greensburg Motor Company, one of the city's oldest automobile dealers, was established in 1918 when B. M. Ratner, already a pioneer in the automotive field, came to Greensburg from Latrobe, established the Nash agency in a small building on East Pittsburgh Street. In 1923, Mr. Ratner, with his brother S. R. Ratner, founded the Airland Motor Supply Company, a wholesale auto supply business which they continued to operate until 1927, when they returned to the automobile business, being named distributor for Nash, moved into the quarters they presently occupy on East Pittsburgh Street. In 1931, Greensburg Motor Co. were named distributors for Dodge and Plymouth and Dodge Trucks. Construction is nearing completion on the new home of Greensburg Motor, on East Pittsburgh Street, in the Seventh Ward, which is said to be the finest and most modern sales and service garage in the Tri-State area, where show room and service facilities will be up-to-the minute, with the last word in modern equipped and trained personnel. When Greensburg Motor with Dodge and Plymouth move into their spacious new home, it will be under the active management of the present head, B. M. Ratner and his son Al. W. Ratner, who has been associated with his father his entire life, and has literally grown up in the automotive business. More than 75 employees make up the Greensburg Motor family. Greensburg Motor Company WE ARE PROUD TO HAVE PROGRESSED WITH GREENSBURG OUR CONGRATULATIONS ! GREENSBURG ON YOUR SESQUI-CENTENNIAL 150 YEARS OF PROGRESS 1799 1949 J. A. SHEETS 1940 PENN ALBERT HOTEL In 1923, the Penn Albert, Greensburg's Million Dollar Hotel, was built by the late J. Albert Sheets, who actively directed the operation of the hotel until his death in 1940. Since the death of the late Mr. Sheets, the Penn Albert has been under the direction of J. A. Sheets, Jr. The Penn Albert is the community meeting place for all organizations of the city; the Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, Optimist and other service clubs holding their weekly dinner meetings in the various rooms - the Community Room, Monterey Room, Crystal Room and the Roof Garden which accommodates 500 people for banquets. The Chrome Room recently remodeled is one of the finest rooms in Pennsylvania for catering to the general public. LINCOLN HOTEL The Lincoln Hotel is one of the oldest landmarks in the City of Greensburg, and was in operation dur- ing the presidential term of Abraham Lincoln. It was a historic stage coach stop, and is still under J. A. SHEETS, JR. the management of the original family ownership. 1799 THE BEST IN LIGHT IMPERIALITE extends its congratulations to the city of GREENSBURG on its IMPERIAL LIGHTING PRODUCTS CO. GREENSBURG PENNSYLVANIA CONGRATULATIONS i CITY OF GREENSBURG ON YOUR 150 YEARS OF PROGRESS TONY PANTALONE GENERAL CONTRACTORS "IN GREENSBURG SINCE 1899" 1949 CONGRATULATIONS .... CITY OF GREENSBURG ... We are proud to be a part of Greensbrg .... we have seen it grow.... we have grown with it!i Established in 1904 by the late J. E. McFarland, the company at one time operated with as many as seven fine teams of hors.... and a team of mules ... serving Greensburger's with custom coal and builders supplies. In 1915 - the first motor truck was placed in operation - and now after 45 years of continued service a fleet of modemn trcks ... serving the community with builders supplies, coal and ready-mixed concrete now are in operation. McFarland Supply Company Warehouse and Offices - Euclid and Urania Avenue 622 EAST PITTSBURGH STREETWELYRMcAAN President JOHN G. McFARLAND Secretary-Treasurer 1799 KIMMELL RADIO SALES 39 East Pittsburgh Street GREENSBURG, PENNA. We of KIMMELL RADIO SALES are proud to be a part of Greensburg, and are happy to be able to help in celebrating this Sesqui-Centennial. In 1930 our Store had its beginning at 222 E. Pittsburgh St., under the ownership and management of Frank S. Kimmell. In 1935 we moved to our present location, 39-43 E. Pittsburgh Street. At first the one room was large enough for both retailing and servicing. However, through the years it became necessary to enlarge, and at present beside the merchandising department, we have a service department and a garage for servicing automobile radios. KIMMELL RADIO is able to give you the best in standard radios; both automobile and home sets. Now we are equipped to demonstrate to you the advances in radio. Frequency Modulation and Television. At any time you are welcome to visit our establishment and in the future we hope to continue being of service to you and our community. GREENSBURG DRUG COMPANY PRESCRIPTION PHARMACY 125 SOUTH MAIN STREET GREENSBURG, PA. 1859 - 90 YEARS - 1949 Serving Four Generations of Greensburgers in the Drug Business WILL BROWN 1859 S. P. BROWN 1892 1892 S. P. BROWN, JR. 1923 1923 P. E. BROWN 1927 1943 1949 1949 1919 ... Robert G. Kotouch Post No. 318 organized, met in Court House ... 1921-1922 ... Post headquarters in Bryan Building ,now Royers Store ... 1923... purchased and moved into present home on N. Main Street . . . 1929 . . organized Green Trojans Drum and Bugle Corps which became famous the nation over, winning two State championships and placing in three National competitions ... 1937 . . . Drum and Bugle Corps disbanded and the Green Trojans band organized ... functioned until beginning of World War II ... Post 318 began with membership of 250 men .., reached its peak in 1945 with 2275 members ... present membership of 1500. OFFICERS Commander Joseph M. Shields Senior Vice Comdr. John Morris Junior Vice Comdr. Regis Keough Adjutant Wm. I. Jennings Finance Officer Harry B. Allsworth Chaplain Al Kaufman Sergeant-at-Arms Paul M. Rowe Robert G. Kotouch Post No. 518 American Legion GREENSBURG, PA. I N. MAIN ST. 1799 G. K. HENRY, SR., President 1949 G. K. HENRY, JR., V. Pres. In 1915, when side curtains were ih vogue and automobile horns went "honk" instead of "beep"', Mr. Gene Gray, now a resident of Erie, opened the doors of the Westmoreland Motor Car Company. The business was, at that time, located on W. Pittsburgh Street where the Highland Motor is now situated. Partners of Mr. Gray in the business of selling and servicing Buick cars and White Trucks were Charles Walters, Plummer Patterson and William Berlin. Four years after its beginning the Company sold its birthplace to the Airland Motor Parts Co. then bought, remodeled and moved into the present site on Maple Avenue ... the former St. Clair Theater Building. A few years later Cameron Eisman, Latrobe, and E. S. Brinker, Greens- burg, entered into partnership with William Berlin. These three men conducted the business of the Westmoreland Motor Car Co. until October 16th, 1942 when George K. Henry, the present owner, came into the Company as a partner. Eighteen years later Mr. Henry purchased the interests of the other partners in the firm (E. S. Brinker and M. L. Rose) and became the sole owner of the business. During 1945, Mr. Henry bought, (from the Mrs. Emma Coulter Estate), the property adjoining the garage and in 1948 broke ground there for the the new home of the Westmoreland Motor Car Co. This building, which will be occupied about July 1st this year, will be the most modern garage in Western Pennsylvania. Large and spacious, with 25,000 square feet of floor space, these new quarters will stand as a living monument to a business successfully founded, built and maintained on service and integrity. NEW QUARTERS .NOW UNDER CONSTRUCTION ON MAPLE AVE. AT THIRD ST. Westmoreland Motor Car Company GREENSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 1799 RICHARD COULTER President 1881-1908 1949 First National Bank IN GREENSB G RICHARD COULTER President The First National Bank of Greensburg was chartered by the Comptroller of the Currency on September 1, 1881. Richard Coulter was elected President and he with George F. Huff, James C. Clarke, William A. Huff, Henry Welty and Robert Pitcairn were the first. Directors of the bank. On Mr. Coulter's death in 1908, his son, Richard Coulter, Jr., succeeded him as President. In 1931, The First National Bank, The Merchants Trust Co. and the Union Trust Company by merger and consolidation formed The First National Bank and Trust Company of Greensburg and this bank was reorganized in 1934 under the present name of the First National Bank in Greensburg. The present Directors are Paul S. Bair, J. Z. Burket, John H. Coulter, Richard Coulter, C. B. Hollingsworth, Jay C. Jamison, Thos. S. Jamison, Jr., John E. Kunkle, Jr., Rabe F. Marsh, K. S. Nevin and J. Regis Walthour. The officers are Richard Coulter, President; Paul S. Bair, Vice President; Joseph K. Robinson, Cashier; Stewart R. Byers, Assistant Cashier; Trust Department, J. Regis Walthour, Vice President; John Rial, Trust Officer; F. E. Heasley, Manager Installment Loan Department. PAUL S. BAIR J. REGIS WALTHOUR JOS. K. ROBINSON Vice-President Vice-President Cashier Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. 1799 Storage Battery Locomotives METAL MINES INDUSTRIAL PLANTS COAL MINES GREENSBURG MACHINE COMPANY STANTON STREET GREENSBURG, PENNA. IUHNS -JOHNSON COMPANY Established in 1910 as the Brinker-Kuhns Co. by W. M. Brinker, D. A. Kuhns, and C. J. Johnson, the Kuhns-Johnson Co. acquired its present name in 1913 when Mr. Kuhns and Mr. Johnson took over the interest of Mr. Brinker who died that year. In 1924 Mr. Kuhns died and Mr. P. R. Sheetz became a partner with Mr. Johnson. The first store was located at the present site of the Barclay-Westmoreland Trust Co. and in 1927 moved to its present location on Main Street. 1949 OUR CONGRATULATIONS TO THE CITY OF GREENSBURG CHARMING LADY COTTONS, INC. MANUFACTURERS OF WOMENS AND MISSES COTTON DRESSES Were established in Greensburg in 1929. They now employ 110 women and 4 men with a production of 750 dozen dresses weekly, which are shipped throughout the United States. Elmer Keller is President and General Manager of the plant located iii South Greensburg. CONGRATULATIONS GREENSBURG ! WE ARE PROUD TO BE A PART "CONCRETE BUILDING BLOCKS" GREENSBURG CONCRETE BLOCK CO. "SERVING THE COMMUNITY SINCE 1938" PLANT - SOUTH MAIN STREET 1799 1949 ITY HALL Greetings from the CITY OF JEANNE I 'E A TYPICAL AMERICAN WORK SHOP 1799 1949 WHEN A CITY REACHES ITS 150th BIRTHDAY ...... CONGRATULATIONS ARE IN ORDER .... MAY WE ADD OURS, TOO ! The Eidemiller Company was established in 1925, and over the period of years have constructed highways and other large construction projects throughout Pennsylvania. Now employing 274 people. WE Salute You ! City of Greensburg on Adam Eidemiller CONTRACTORS AND QUARRIES PENNSYLVANIA YOUR SESQUI YEAR Fred Beehner entered the automotive field on East Pittsburgh Street in 1922 as the dealer for the Old Nucord Tire, later establishing an auto repair shop in the same location. In 1929, Mr. Beehner moved to his present location, 720 West Newton Street, and in 1938 the Beehner Garage was appointed the Greensburg dealer for Hudson Motor Cars. A large addition, 62 x 100 feet is now under construction. Beehner's Garage 4::4 6[on Uoor Cati GREENSBURG 1799 Ten years after the start of the century (1910) C. F. Gongaware came to Greensburg as manager and buyer for L. Keck Company. On September 1st, 1928 Mr. Gongaware and another Keck employee, O. M. Campbell, formed a partnership and opened a complete men's store, Gongaware & Campbell, in the Armstrong Building. The business prospered and on May 1st, 1941, at the time of Mr. Campbell's resignation, a reorganization took place and the new partners were C. F. Gongaware, his son Paul and Kenneth Long. The business name was changed to Gongaware and Long. Ever since its beginning Gongaware and Long has been recognized as a store handling only the best quality men's wear . . . a store where the customers reigns supreme. GONGAWARE COURT HOUSE SQUARE & LONG PHONE 2998 The Yost Electric Co. had its begin- ELECR iC ning way back in 1925 under the name of Yost and Good, Electrical Contractors - a firm, founded by Frank W. Yost and William J. Good, with its location on S. Penna. Ave. On April 1, 1927, the original partnership was dissolved and Mr. Yost formed the Yost Electric Co., with Mr. H. C. Calhoun as partner. The firm was then located in quarters to the rear of 123 E. Otterman St. In 1932, Mr. Yost assumed full ownership of the company ... Mr. Calhoun remained with the company in various capacities, at present as General Foreman. The need for expansion was ever present and in 1935, the Yost Electric Co. moved to its present larger quarters at 155 Wilson Ave. Here the facilities are available for complete electrical service . . . repair shops, sales and display room, wiring and supply storage. The company also expanded into specializing in neon sign service and the present K-Y Neon Co., operating at Wilson Ave. is a subsidiary of the Yost Electric Co. Twenty-four years ago, the company boasted of two employees, both owners, but at present, the firm employs twenty-five people in a steady capacity, many of whom have been with the company for a number of years. YOST ELECTRIC CO. 155 Wilson Ave. Greensburg, Pa. "SPECIALISTS IN ELECTRICAL SERVICE" 1949 John Gall, a native of Scotland, came to America and made Greensburg his home in the year 1907. A carpenter by trade he was employed by the Keystone Coal and Coke Company. In December 1910 he made a trip back to his native land returning in three months with his bride. They resided in New Alexandria until February 1916 when they moved to Greensburg where he entered the general contracting business. It was in 1942 that he became affiliated with the Gall Furniture Company, which was established by his son J. William Gall in the year 1939. The firm was originally located in a small store room on West Otterman Street. Since then the Company has continued to grow and expand and their present location finds them at 120 South Pennsylvania Avenue. Gall Furniture Co. GREENSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA PHONE 4470 120-122 SOUTH PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE P.R.R. Tunnel 1900 looking west. Greensburg from North Main Street - 1854 1799 When Frank Cavalier went into the stone mason contracting business, at the start of the century, little did he realize that he was founding a business that would grow and expand until one day it would include the Westmoreland Construction Company (general contracting), the Westmoreland Builders Supply Com- pany (furnishing everything the builder requires) and the Westmoreland Clay Products Company (brick manufacturing). Frank Cavalier's business venture proved a successful one and when his sons John and James V. assumed the management in 1915, the firm became known as Cavaliers Contractors. The office and plant was situated on the corner of W. Pittsburgh Street and Madison Avenue. During 1932 the Company incorporated and the name was changed to Westmoreland Construction Company. John Cavalier became president and James V. Cavalier, vice president. 1949 Under the management of the Cavalier Brothers the firm con- tinued to prosper and grow/until it was found necessary to secure larger quarters. Land was purchased along Huff Ave., in South Greensburg, and a new up-to-the-minute plant and office building were erected. In 1948 the business moved into its new location. Since its incorporation, 16 years ago, the Westmoreland Con- struction Company has built some of the finest homes, com- mercial and industrial buildings to be found anywhere in the country. Every job a tribute to Frank Cavalier who founded a business that has in 49 years won the respect and confidence of its customers. WESTMORELAND CONSTRUCTION COMPANY HUFF AVE. GREENSBURG, PA. 1799 W 1949 7OUNDED in 1898 by the late Chas. M. Henry, the printing company which bears his name has become a vital part of the history and progress of the City of Greensburg during the past 51 years. The original site of the company was in two rooms on the second floor of the Eicher Building on South Main St. - two rooms that soon proved inadequate. In 1905, a series of moves was started to larger and more efficient quarters . . . . 1905 - to the Cline Building on North Main Street, the site of the present Jamison Coal and Coke Building . . . . 1916, to quarters on Pennsylvania Avenue in a building since replaced by the present Manos Theater Building . . . . 1923 - the purchase of the building now occupied by the Chas. M. Henry Printing Company at Maple and Tunnel Streets. Each move was accompanied by the addition of personnel and last-word machinery and equipment-a policy still followed when business needs demand it. Highlights of the Company's past history, some joyous, some sad .... The excitement over the addition of new type presses and equipment .... The death of the founder, Chas. M. Henry in 1942 .... The destructive fire on September 13, 1948 that demolished the adjoining paper stockroom, and the gratitude to the Greensburg Volunteer Fire Department for its prompt, efficient service .... The headaches of building the new paper stockroom .... The celebration of the Company's 50th Anniversary in 1948 .... and many others. But above all remains the feeling of appreciation for the considerations and patience of our many friends and customers during our half-century of progress. CHAS. M. HENRY PRINTING COMPANY GREENSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA Present Company Executives:-WILLIAM M. HENRY, President . .ELMER J. EVANS, Treasurer . . . EDNA E. HENRY, Secretary CHAS. M. HENRY 1869 - 1942 1799 19 SPONSORS CLUBS--MILITARY AND FRATERNAL ORGANIZATIONS American Legion Auxiliary, Robt. G. Kotouch Unit No. 318 American Veterans of World War II-"Amvets" Greensburg Post No. 88 Business & Professional Woman's Club Catholic Daughters of America Columbia Ladies Mutual Beneficial Societies Consiglio Beatrice Cenci No. 11, Federazione Figli di Colombo Gen. Richard Coulter Circle No. 197 Ladies G. A. R. Greensburg Art Club Greensburg Chapter, Reserve Officers Assc. of the U. S. of A. Greensburg Club of Italian Women Greensburg College Club Greensburg Section, National Council of Jewish Women Greensburg Woman's Club Hill-Top Social Club Italia-America Council No. 5, Federation Sons of Columbus of America Ivy Sisterhood No. 166, Dames of Malta League of Women Voters of Westmoreland County Lions Club of Greensburg Lodge America No. 735, Order Sons of Italy in America Marilao Post No. 33, Veterans of Foreign Wars Military Order of The Purple Heart, Ladies Auxiliary Unit 271 Military Order of The Purple Heart, Westmoreland County Chapter 271 National Secretaries Association, Laurel Chapter Order of Eastern Star, Wm. E. Gelston Chapter No. 435 Orontes Girls Club Quota Club Rotary Club Sisterhood of B'Nai Israel Slavonic American Home The Friday Club The Phoebe Bayard Chapter, Daughters of American Revolution Walworth Local Union No. 1275-USA-CIO Westmoreland Chapter Order of De Molay Westmoreland Evening Council of Republican Women Westmoreland Farm Bureau Co-Operative Association, Inc. Women of The Moose-Greensburg Chapter No. 715 MISCELLANEOUS SPONSORS Ace Maytag Co. Adler's Restaurant Anderson's Market Ann's Home Bakery Ash Hat Co. Atlantic Crushed Coke Co. Balber's Floor Coverings Balmond's Radio Bellman's Children Store Betty Jane Shoes Boley's Real Estate Bortz Hardware Co. Bortz & Seeman Funeral Home Brown's Grocery Byers Dry Cleaning Co. Charles Kaylor Displays C. J. Shoemaker Agency, Inc. Club 634 Cochran Motor Sales Corner Bar & Grille Craig Shoe Store Cramer Funeral Home Credit Bureau of Greensburg, Inc. Delmont Fuel Company Desta Diner D. G. Wertz Finance Co. D. M. Rhea's Jewelry Store Donges & Rees E. B. McColly & Son-Est. 1876 Elliot's Wallpaper, Paints & Floor Coverings E. L. Taylor Service Station Fahrr's Garage Felice's Restaurant Fotorecord Company F. P. Myers & Son Franklin-Page & Co.-M. O. Shuster 49 1799 French Dye Works Gordon-Kaufman Green Appliance Co. Greensburg Awning Co. Greensburg Bottling Co. Greensburg Business School Greensburg Decorating Co. Greensburg Paint & Supply Co. Greensburg Photo & Supply Co. Greensburg Realty Co. Gwynn Floral Shop Hammer's Sporting Goods H. and H. Office Supply Co. Henry Krieg Barber Shop Highland Hunt Club Hotel Greensburger Isalys Dairy Co. Jean Frocks-Greensburg, Inc. Jock's Distributing Co. Joseph A. Sass Food Distributor Joseph H. Rush Service Station Joseph L. Pershing Upholstering Joseph's Children's Shop Kalamazoo Sales Co. Kaufmann's of Greensburg Ken Moyer Service Station Keystone Laundry Co. Knepper's Plumbing & Heating L. A. Grillo Jewelry Lee's Restaurant Lloyd Motor Co. Mahady & Mahady McHenry-Derek Advertising M. G. Vano Mailing Service Meyers Co. Wallpaper, Paints & Mohler Motor Co. Moore Brothers, Inc. Morry's Men's Shop Murray's Cigar Store Nixon Restaurant Nolan Employment Service Office Equipment & Supply Co. 1949 Pat Di Primio "Harvey's" Penn Transit Co. Perfection Photo Co. Personal Finance Co. Piazza Confectionery Porcelier Manufacturing Co. Rand's Drug Store Reinfried & Karle Rempes Studio Royal Hotel Royal Typewriters-E. K. Eisaman Snyder Office Equipment Co. Sowash Auto Parts Stalling's Bake Shop Stanley Home Products-Mary Y. Hagar Summer's Shoe Store Sun Drug Co. Sunoco Gas Station-Walter "Swede" Erickson Sunset Beer Garden-Pete Pantalone Superior Auto Accessory Co. Superior Mercantile Co. The Banner Shop The Valerie Shop Thomas & Barron Gasoline Station Thrift Plan of Pennsylvania, Inc. Tom Fury's Cafe Union Loan Co. Vargosko's City Restaurant Victory Terrace Grocery Waugaman & Son Market West Penn Engravers Westmoreland Candy & Cigar Co. Westmoreland County Memorial Park, Inc. Westmoreland Distributing Co., Inc. Floor Coverings Westmoreland Heating Co. Westmoreland Kist Bottling Co. Westmoreland Oil & Gas Co. William Adolphson Recreation Center Wm. H. Humes Agency Wm. M. Hudson & Co. Wosco, Inc. E 1799 ARCHITECTS Paul A. Bartholomew Robert J. Brocker ATTORNEYS AT LAW Paul J. Abraham Paul S. Barnhart H. Reginald Belden George E. Berry, Jr. John K. Best Vance E. Booher John B. Brunot Dan V. Crowell Harry E. Cope William T. Dom, III Edward Doran, Jr. Alex Eicher C. Ward Eicher John G. Gaut James Gregg Abner E. Henry C. B. Hollingsworth John M. Horn Harry L. Jennings Wm. M. Kahanowitz Earl S. Keim John E. Kunkle, Jr. Joseph M. Loughran Thomas Lynch Glen N. Machesney Edward W. Marsh Rabe F. Marsh Rabe F. Marsh, Jr. Alex McConnell John McCormick Paul K. McCormick James L. McWherter J. Edward Mitinger Robert B. Mitinger Avra N. Pershing, Jr. Calvin E. Pollins John W. Pollins Robert L. Potts Paul M. Robinson A. C. Scales Richard S. Silvis Z. T. Silvis Marquis M. Smith Robert W. Smith Robert W. Smith, Jr. Vincent R. Smith Daniel J. Snyder, Jr. Samuel R. Sorber William Steel A. Frank Steiner Thomas G. Taylor Hon. Fred. B. Trescher John A. Walls Christ. C. Walthour, Jr. Howard M. Whitehead Vincent E. Williams CHIROPODISTS H. J. Bubenheim T. R. Lusk CHIROPRACTORS Thomas H. Hower A. C. Neil DENTISTS Charles W. Demoise F. F. Demoise R. B. Fisher W. M. Fisher Samuel Friedlander James P. Haley H. O. Hart W. D. Hays F. F. Hetner F. H. Hoffman William L. Inskeep 1949 A. R. Kneedler Oliver R. Litman G. L. Long Paul O. Marsh James B. McDowell Samuel Pitler D. R. Potts W. George Scott Samuel S. Sheffler Forrest G. Thomas J. L. West George E. Wright INSURANCE AGENTS John F. Blair Frank I. Bossart George B. Brigaman J. J. Carroll Don Drake L. Harvey Fennell Arch T. Kline G. A. McDowell James R. Reynolds William M. Saxman Howard W. Smith Paul H. St. Clair John W. Stouffer, Jr. OPTOMETRISTS J. A. Schwenk Louis Shoop PHYSICIANS Louis D. Altman Jean Cruickshank-Bailey L. J. C. Bailey C. C. Baldwin Hugh B. Barclay William E. Bierer L. L. Blackburn Walter M. Bortz Carl E. Brant John C. Brisbane Richard S. Cole William V. Conn D. H. Cross C. C. Crouse F. W. Feightner James Hamilton H. H. Hamman Elmer Highberger, Jr. William S. Keck John R. Liska John F. Maurer J. Morgan Mayhew Paul G. McKelvey H. Albert McMurray Arthur J. McSteen Robert G. Monsour Edward J. Moore D. Ray Murdock L. A. Naples Henry E. Ober I. J. Ober Leslie S. Pierce O. B. Snyder Howard J. Thomas PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS Perry C. Altman Joseph W. Bryan REAL ESTATE BROKERS Louis B. Croushore L. A. Farmer D. R. Fisher John E. Herman William Trice TAILORS Oscar C. Rask 1799 INDIVIDUAL SPONSORS Helen G. Bryan Samuel B. Bulick William G. Burhenn George A. Conti Joseph L. Cote, Jr. C. E. Cowan O. M. Deibler R. J. Feightner J. Ross Foust T. E. Frederickson Harry V. Girard Mrs. C. L. Goodwin O. F. Greenlund, Pierson, Florida Jacob F. Harshey Frank Hughes Margaret Mary Hughes, Postmaster Russell R. Jones James A. Kell Hon. A. B. Kelley William B. Kish Malcolm Lawrence Charles McKenna Lynch Clay F. Lynch Thomas Lynch A. L. McClintock Wilfred S. McKeon John Morris Lee Murphy Avra N. Pershing Frank Pultz Herbert G. Ratner Frank G. Reamer William B. Remol Frank Seifert Don L. Swart Paul L. Thomas, Alderman Matthew Watson L. P. Wineman PATRONS Max M. Bergad Francis O'C. Church Chas. H. Herbert Dr. Edgar S. Highberger Douglas H. Hyer Dr. F. Larva Paul C. Mantell Joseph N. Schildkamp Louis E. Sensenich Cassidy and Lamproplos Colonial Studio Grand's Wallpaper and Paints Henry-Fisher Hat Shop Kaufman and Potts Nelson Grocery Store The Muncey Shop Town & Country 1949 1799 1949 1799 1949 1799 1949 -!j lea ZF, -aCio V ivig , , 1799 first observed: standing out in relief from the lower surface of slabs of sandstone, resting on thin layers of fine clay." Through Dr. King's fame he became a professor at Philadelphia Medical School, but due to ill health resigned and died in 1852 and was buried in the St. Clair Cemetery. Most local histories refer to the beginning of the Pennsylvania Railroad through Greensburg as "the coming of the railroad or by words of a kindred spirit," as though the Pennsylvania Railroad was routed and built through Greensburg arbitrarily and without any participation therein by its citizens as a community and civic development. Although the Pennsylvania Railroad as it is known today was incorporated and secured its franchise from the state in 1846, yet the company did not begin construction until it had secured both the moral and financial support of the communities through which the road was projected. As early as 1847 representatives of the railroad were securing sub- scriptions for stock in Westinoreland County, which canvass continued through the year 1850. Most of the subscriptions in Greensburg and Westmoreland County were signed up in the years 1849 and 1850. That the citizens of Greensburg and Westmoreland County, by their subscrip- tions, induced the routing of the railroad through Greensburg is indicated by the subscription agreement which was as follows: "We whose names are hereunto subscribed do promise to pay to the President, Directors and Company of the Pennsylvania Railaord Com- pany the sum of Ffty dollars for each and every share of stock set opposite to our respective names in such manner and proportions and at such times, not exceeding five dollars per share in any period of sixty days, as shall be determined by the President and Directors of said Company, in pursuance of an Act entitled "An Act to incorporate the Pennsylvania Railroad Company". Provided that the said Pennsylvania Railroad Company shall adopt the Brushcreek Route passing through or near the Borough of Greensburg. Witness our hands and seals the day and year hereunder writtten." This is significant in view of the fact that J. Edgar Thompson, Chief Engineer of the railroad in his first annual report to the company, dated June 12, 1848, had analyzed a route from Balirsville to Pittsburgh via the Crabtree bottoms and North of Greensburg just South of Murrays- ville in addition to the route through Greensburg, and the Chief En- gineer's second annual report to the railroad company, dated November 1949 15, 1849, shows that the Greensburg route had been adopted but that several other routes had been seriously considered, including the one near Murraysville, the other route being still further North. Although the Chief Engineer in his report presents the technical reasons why the southern or Greensburg route was the most feasible route from an engin- eering standpoint, yet there is no doubt that one of the reasons for the route's final adoption was the cooperation and support of the citizens of Greensburg and environs and the above quoted condition upon which their subscriptions for stock was predicated. There were sixty-five subscribers from the Borough of Greensburg for from one to ten shares each at $50.00 per share. Considering that the town had a population of only 1,051 this is certainly a high percentage of the heads of families and wage earners in the town. Because of the novelty of the railroad as a financial investment, no doubt many of the subscribers subscribed more to en- courage the project than from any belief that there would ever be any direct returns on their investment. Hence, as the original promoters of the Westmoreland Bank of Pennsylvania and of the Pennsylvania Turn- pike are worthy of note, so are those public spirited citizens of Greensburg who were original subscribers to Pennsylvania Railroad stock worthy of mention in this article. They were: Samuel Alwine, John Allshouse, John Amrstrong, Senr., John Amrstrong, Jnr., Thomas J. Barclay, Edward B. Boyce, Hugh Y. Brady, Henry Breneman, William Brown, Samuel P. Brown, Samuel L. Carpenter, James C. Clarke, Edward N. Clopper, William A. Cook, Simon Cort, Richard Coulter, Rebecca Coulter, T. Alexander Coulter, Simon Drum, Richard C. Drum, Francis Egan, Henry D. Foster, David Fullwood, Leopold Furtwangler, Andrew S. Graham, Benjamin Hains, Nicholas H. Hackey, John Jamison, Charles J. Kenley, M. I. Kettering, Daniel Kiehl, Harrison P. Lairde, Samuel B. Lauffer, David K. Marchand, Henry C. Marchand, Henry C. (Guard- ian) Marchand, John McClelland, Senr., John McWilliams, John Morr- ison, W. C, Marchand, M. Posthelwaite, Samuel B. Ramsey, William Robinson, Samuel Row, Peter Rummel, Adam Rugh, Lavinia Russell, John Sloan, David Sloan, Jonas Solliday, James L. Sloan, Frederick D. Steck, Jehu Taylor, Lewis Trauger, Robert W. Turney, John W. Turney, Turney & Hacke Joseph Walters, Daniel Welty, Jacob Welty, Samuel Weaver, Lorentz Winsheimer, James J. Woods, James B. Williams, Henry Welty. When the first locomotive puffed through Greensburg on Monday, November 29, 1852, it must have been with some sense of civic satis- faction that the above named persons viewed it from the crowds of people who surrounded the eastern and western portals of the Greensburg tunnel and who polka-dotted the embankments on the East and West -23- w, V A lw 6o ...rm _P Tq- R tm kl ia Uzi t4m- 4 'A A; ow :v Al VVV bo - 15 ntw '4 J., It_ "n .J _lt .4 , i la - i A W V T_'L *~ji V 1799 sides of the tunnel as the first locomotive passed and re-passed over the fills in order to test them. Not only in the field of transportation did Greensburg thus advance in the Fifties, but also in what was one of the early businesses of the town-"Court business." This decade witnessed the building of the third Court House, the cornerstone of which was laid on October 24, 1854 and which was completed in 1856. This Court House was built on the Original Court House site and where the present Court House is, but fronted on Pittsburgh Street. It is needless to explain why by 1860 Greensburg was ready to expand its corporate limits. So by Act approved March 30, 1860, the boundaries of Greensburg were enlarged as follows: Beginning at a point in the centre of the Pennsylvania Railroad, immediately over the centre of the arch which passes the Greensburg and New Alexandria road; thence North 66Y2 degrees West 1682 feet to the Northeast corner of the Greensburg Academy grounds; thence South 87 degrees West 1284 feet to a point in the centre of the Greensburg and Harrison City road; thence along the centre of said Greensburg and Harrison City road to the centre of the track of said Pennsylvania Rail- road; thence along the centre of the track of said railroad to the corner of the borough of Ludwick; thence along the East side of said borough of Ludwick, South 1712 degrees West 346 feet to a point in the centre of the Greensburg and Pittsburgh Turnpike; thence along the centre of said pike North 82 degrees West 192 feet; thence South 891 feet to the center of the old Greensburg and Pittsburgh Turnpike; thence along said old turnpike, South 82 degrees East 330 feet; thence along a road leading from said old turnpike to the Greensburg and New Stanton road South 34 degrees East 1521 feet; thence along said Greensburg and New Stanton road, North 53 degrees East 700 feet; thence along the East side of a road leading to the Greensburg and Mt. Pleasant road, South 32 degrees East 350 feet; thence South 53Y2 degrees East 1020 feet to a point in the centre of the Greensburg and Mt. Pleasant Road; thence South 21 degrees East 266 feet; thence North 80 degrees East 250 feet; thence North 22 degrees East 3010 feet to a point in the centre of the Greensburg Stoystown turnpike; thence North 9~2 degrees East 1238 feet to the centre of the track of the Pennsylvania Railroad, immediately over the centre of the arch which passes the Sewickly Creek; thence along the centre of the track of said Pennsylvania Railroad, South 742 degrees West 593 feet to the place of beginning. Although it is not for this writer to tell the military history of 1949 Greensburg, yet the impact of the Mexican War and the Civil War on Greensburg as a community cannot be ignored. In the Mexican War of 1846 and 1847 recruiting was largely a matter of volunteering. Greens- burg's participation in this war began with a meeting at the Court House on December 23, 1846 to raise a fund to transport the home com- pany, locally called the Westmoreland Guards but officially Company E, Second Regiment, in the best style possible to Pittsburgh. The ninety- four members of the Westmoreland Guards, some of whom were from out of town, were entertained in Greensburg homes during the holiday sea- son and on Christmas Sunday. the women of Greensburg gave the soldiers a farewell dinner at the Court House. On Tuesday, Reverend James I. Bronson, Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, presented each member with a Bible. On Wednesday the 28th, the group left for Pittsburgh in wagons and coaches where it embarked on boats and was transported down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to New Orleans and thence by boats to Vera Cruz. Nearly one-third of the company never returned, having either fallen in battle or been stricken with strange diseases inci- dent to the hot climate. One was Simon H. Drum, West Point graduate, son of Simon Drum, Jr., Greensburg's postmaster for many years and grandson of Simon Drum, owner of the Drum House. He was killed at the gates of Mexico City. Thus, for the first time in the history of Greensburg and of the nation American soldiers fought and were buried in foreign soil and bodies of Greensburg patriots are still commingled with the sands of Vera Cruz, and the historic soil of Mexico City. Some who died on the way home were committed to the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. The survivors of the company were mustered out of service July 18, 1848. The Colonel during the latter part of their service was John W. Geary of Westmoreland County, who afterwards became gover- nor of Pennsylvania and was a distinguished brigade and division com- mander in the Civil War. The Mexican War was the original proving ground for two of the four native sons of Greensburg who became generals. One was Richard Coulter, of whom more anon, and who served as a private in this war and the other was Richard Coulter Drum, who had enlisted as a private in Company K of the first Pennsylvania Volunteers. He was a brother of Simon H. Drum whose death in this war we just related. Born in Greensburg in 1825, he was graduated from the Greensburg Academy to Jefferson College. After studying law he learned the printing business and became interested in the military through his brother who was attending West Point. During the war he was commissioned Second Lieutenant and was brevetted for valor at the Battle of Chapultepec. Continuing a military career, stationed at various places over the United -25- 1799 States, especially in the West, he was commissioned a general at the close of the Civil War. Very early in this war he was sent by President Lincoln to San Francisco where he was of great service to the Northern cause in guarding the overland route of Western travel and keeping the Indians from revolting. However, his greatest service was in keeping California from seceding. Most of the Southwest had and were making common cause with the South. As in the case of the early history of many states a great vacuum resulted from the default of adequate civil authority and the military frequently filled this vacuum. In view of this and the fact that President Lincoln repeatedly refused to transfer him to the active theatre of war in the East upon Richard Druim's requests, there can be no doubt that his command in California kept California regular. That the citizens of San Francisco valued his services is indicated by the fact that in appreciation thereof they presented him with a purse containing over $40,000.00 in gold. In the year 1878 he was ordered to Washington and he spent his retiring years at Bethesda where he died in the year 1909. There were six Westmorelanders, some of whom were from Greens- burg, who were not in the Westmoreland Guards but had joined the Duquesne Greys, First Regiment, who were: John C. Gilchrist, killed October 12, 1874; James Keenan, Jr., Richard Coulter Drum, Joseph Spencer and Henry Bates, the latter two of whom died at Puerto, Mexico, and William Burns, of whom there is no return. Those in the company roll of the Westmoreland Guards were as follows: COMMISSIONED OFFICERS: Captain-John W. Johnston, First Lieutenant-James Armstrong, Second Lieutenant-Washington Murry, Second Junior Lieutenant- James Coulter. NON COMMISSIONED OFFICERS: First Sergeant-Henry C. Marchand, Second Sergeant-Thomas J. Barclay, Third Sergeant-H. Byers Kuhns, Fourth Sergeant-James M. McLaughlin, First Corporal-James M. Carpenter, Second Corporal- Andrew Ross, Third Corporal-William Biglow, Fourth Corporal- Daniel C. Byerly, Drummer-Andrew J. Forney, Fifer-Michael J. Kettering. PRIVATES : John Arkins, Andrew Bates, Hugh Y. William A. Campbell, Humphrey Carson, Dougherty, Henry Fishel, Samuel Gorgas, Kaines, James M. Hartford, James Hays, Brady, George W. Bonnin, Richard Coulter, Archibald John R. Grow, Frederick Andrew R. Huston, James 1949 Johnston, Jacob Kagarize, John Kerr, Jacob Kuhn, Philip Kuhn, Jacob Linsebigler, Macready, George May, William H. Melville, Samuel Milner, Samuel C. Moorhead, Peter McCabe, Samuel McClausen, James H. McDermott, Robert McGinley, Amon McLean, William McWilliams, Frederick Rexwood, Joseph Shaw, Thomas Spears, Henry Scickle, Nathaniel Thomas, James Underwood, William R. Vance, Lebbens Allshouse, McClure Bills, Samuel Byerly, Henry Bloom, Hagan Carney, Milton Cloud, George Decker, James L. Elliott, Henry Gresyn, Andrew D. Gordon, George Haggerty, Edward Hansberry, George W. Hartman, Michael Heasley, Jacob Haffer, Richard H. L. Johnston, William Kelly, Henry Keslar, Daniel D. Kuhns, Edmund B. Landon, Benjamin Martz, Jacob Morhead, David Mechling, Jacob P. Miller, Samuel H. Mont- gomery, Lewis Myers, Richard McClelland, John McCullum, Charles McGarvey, William McIntire, James McWilliams, David R. McCutcheon James Reager, Chauncey F. Sargent, William R. Shields, Frederick D. Steck, John Taylor, Israel Uncapher, Samuel Walters. When the Confederate guns fired on Fort Sumpter on April 12, 1861, they fired the hearts of the local militia unit, Company I, of which Richard Coulter was captain. In less than a week following President Lincoln's call for troops the Greensburg Company entrained for Camp Curtin, now Camp Hill near Harrisburg, and at that place on April 22, 1861, the famous I Ith Pennsylvania Regiment was formed which in- cluded the local company. Richard Coulter was elevated to be Lieu- tenant-Colonel and on April 26, 1861, the 11th Regiment was mustered into service. It is significant that enlistment was for only a period of three months, Greensburg's young volunteers little realizing that it would be four years until Appomattox. These troops were moved at once to guard the Potomac and they fought in one of the first battles of the war, the Battle of Falling Waters, with victory. Directly at the end of the three months enlistment period this Regiment was recruited and mustered into service for a period of three years. Thereafter this Regi- ment, which included the Greensburg Volunteers, guarded the railroads and other property near-Annapolis, Maryland until April 18, 1862 when it was moved to the Manassas Gap railroad. Under General Pope in 1862 Greensburg boys fought with the Ilth Regiment in the Battles of Cedar Mountain, Rappahanock Station, Thoroughfare Gap, Second Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain and Antietam. Following these baptisims of blood the Regiment marched through the valley of the shadow of death at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, Bethesda Church, Norfolk Railroad, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Hichford, Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, Boyd Town, Plank Road, Gravelly Run, Five Forks and Appomattox. The second enlistment -26- 1799 period having expired on January 1, 1864, the 11th Regiment returned to Pennsylvania in February of that year and recruited its wasted forces as a veteran Regiment. It became known and has ever since been known as the "Old 11th." The personal bravery and military ability of Colonel Richard Coulter and the achievements of the 11 lth Regiment earned for Colonel Coulter a promotion to the position of Brigadier General and then Major- General. Although General Coulter and General Drum were the only two native sons of Greensburg to become generals historically, two other contemporary native sons have earned the honor of this title for them- selves, and their home town. One is General Richard Coulter, son of the Civil War General now residing in Greensburg and leading a civilian life as President of the First National Bank of Greensburg, who was commissioned a Brigadier-General during the First World War. The other is Edwin A. Zundel, West Point graduate, son of the late Henry M. Zundel of Greensburg, who was prominent in Greensburg's civic affairs and edited a pictorial history of Greensburg entitled "The Burg of Greene in Pictures Seen", published in 1928. His son, General Edwin A. Zundel, now has headquarters at Camp Holabird, Baltimore, Maryland in follow- ing a military career. He was commissioned Brigadier-General between the First and Second World Wars. The elder General Coulter was wounded in the Civil War at the Battles of Fredericksburg, Gettysburg and Spottsylvania. His first military service had been as a private in the Mexican War. Born in Greensburg, he spent his entire civil life in Greensburg, first as a lawyer and then in the banking and coal business. In October of 1908, he died at his home, which through the munificence of his survivors is now the Greensburg Public Library. During the first three days of July, 1863, 'tis said a rumbling thunder from the east could be heard in Greensburg as one of the decisive battles of all history was being fought at Gettysburg. Immediately when news was received that the Confederate troops had invaded Pennsylvania, men left the plow and last, stocked out of public meetings and church services to enlist at recruiting headquarters on the corner of St. Clair and Otterman Streets. Concurrent with the swelling of the recruiting files during the ensuing weeks was the swelling of the number of patients in the hotel or inn called the Lamb's Ear where the Y.M.C.A. now stands which was used as a hospital for convalescing soldiers. The people of Greensburg and environs expected any time forays of Confederate soldiers to sequester food and supplies for the Confederate Army and some hid 1949 cattle in woods and ravines and buried valuables in the ground. It was not unreasonable to believe that'if the Confederates won at Gettysburg they would head west for Pittsburgh to burn towns and villages on the way as they had Chambersburg. Although Lincoln probably never stopped in Greensburg, yet on one occasion he reached out his big, bony, humanitarian hand to comfort a weeping Greensburg mother, Hannah Williams. The cold and im- personal military record in reference to her son states as follows: "William Henry Harrison Williams, Co. I, 11th Pa. as vet. vol. enlisted September 19, 1861 for three years. Sentenced to be shot. Sentence commuted to Dry Tortugas." The warm human story of warm hearts is that one day Hannah Williams received a letter that her son had deserted, was court martialed and sentenced to be shot on a certain day. She told her troubles to James Borlin, proprietor of the "Exchange Hotel" who approached United States Senator Cowan, the latter stating that nothing could be done. James Borlin then suggested to the mother and others that she go to see Lincoln in person and that a fund be raised for her for this purpose. James Borlin started the fund with ten dollars, which was followed by a like gift from Levi Cline and others who accompanied her to the train for Washington. When the little lady from Greensburg stood before the towering giant from the woods of Kentucky and Illinois and told her story, Lincoln took the little mother's little hand into his great warm hand and told her with characteristic simplicity that her son would not be shot and forthwith sent the reprieve to the proper officer. ("The Burg of Greene in Pictures Seen", edited by H. M. Zundel, Page 317, Chas. M. Henry Printing Company, Greensburg, Pennsyl- vania; Irwin Walthour's Scrapbook, Greensburg High School Library.) As the Court House and church bells tolled the mourning of the citizens of Greensburg on April 19, 1865, during the obsequies of President Lincoln, they also tolled the end of an era for not only Greensburg but for many other villages and towns of the nation. War had industralized both the hand and mind of man and the machine age began. During the ensuing decades the local hatter and shoemaker yielded to factories making these articles in far away places. Farmers' sons left the groaning board of the family farm house kitchen to eat from tin buckets the rest of their lives. The chaste brick houses with solid brick walls sometimes laid up in Flemish bond and elegant corbel courses like the house recently demolished on the southeast corner of Main and Otterman Streets, and the Armstrong house on North Main Street succumbed to the prevailing -27- 1799 jig saw psychosis which reduced Greensburg from a burg of brick to a town of tinder. On the modern houses of the day, pendatives and scrolled brackets at the cornices replaced the elegant brick corbeling and dentil courses of former days, shallow plowed and grooved weatherboarding of various patterns replaced the soft texture of home made brick and the noonday shadows cast by the exposed thick edges of clapboard weather- boarding of the dwellings of former days. The single gable end dwelling gave way to houses with "seven gables" & towers and turrets. The front porch replaced the picket enclosed yard and became a public family institution in place of the private hearthstone. One man who refused to be stereotyped by the iridustrial age and whose stature towered above the smoke stacks of the era was Dr. Frank Cowan. John W. Pollins, who has made a thorough study of his life and achievements offers the following for this article. "One Greensburger of this period whose attainments spread the name of Greensburg afar and whose contributions to the community itself are worthy of note was Dr. Frank Cowan. Dr. Cowan was the son of the brilliant lawyer and distinguished United States Senator Edgar Cowan, who was the only resident of Greensburg ever to attain the honor of a seat in the United States Senate. He served there during the Civil War period. His son, Dr. Frank Cowan, who was born in 1844 and who died in 1905, was, during an active life, lawyer, doctor, scientist, editor, writer and extensive world traveler. Although something of an eccentric, he bore for many years prior to his death the reputation of being not only a noted scholar but probably the best informed man in the county. By education and training he was both a lawyer and a physician, both of which professions he practiced to some extent. "Dr. Cowan in early life served as Secretary of the Senate Committee on Patents and as Secretary to President Andrew Johnson. In the earl)y Eighties, he made two extensive world tours and is said to have been the first white man to visit Korea. He wrote a valuable report of that country for the use of the government departments in Washington. "Dr. Cowan contributed to scientific journals and belonged to many learned societies. In the Seventies he published in Greensburg a news- paper under the name of "Frank Cowan's Paper". This paper was out- standing for its time in its format, editorial selection and range of report- ing. It emphasized news of the coal, coke and oil industries and is said to have been read in London for its coverage of this field of the news. "Dr. Cowan wrote six novels and also published a book of poems called "Southwtstern Pennsylvania in Song and Story". His book of short 1949 stories, "An American Story Book" should be of interest to everyone interested in the historical origin of Greensburg, for its stories of local color ranging from merely descriptive to the bizarre and grotesque are based upon the lives of the people of different racial strains by whom the community was settled. "While many of these diverse activities of the unique Dr. Cowan reflected glory on the town of his origin, nevertheless he made more direct contributions to Greensburg which are deserving of specific recognition. Dr. Cowan was most active in the founding of the Westmoreland Hospital The first hospital was started in a building owned by him, and he was its first superintendent. This building was on the South side of West Pittsburgh Street. "Dr. Cowan's most outstanding benefaction to the community, how- ever, was the gift of his home and park or farm situated on the summit of Tollgate Hill just west of the city, to the people of Greensburg and of adjacent boroughs as a public park. The gift was made, as expressed in Dr. Cowan's will, "as a place for play, recreation and social enjoyment." With the recent extensive development and beautification of the park, it is each year more extensively fulfilling the hopeful expectation of its purpose as expressed by the farseeing and public spirited donor. This continuing appreciation of the facilities afforded by the park and its expanding utilization by the community affords a perpetual tribute to one of Greensburg's greatest benefactors. The tribute is nevertheless a silent one, for no marker or memorial in the park preserves the name of Dr. Cowan." The second accretion to Greensburg after its original incorporation was affected on February 20, 1892 when an area north of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad was added. This was preceded by some dispute as to the precise lines of the new addition. Even some people favored a separate municipality to be called the Borough of North Greensburg and on April 5, 1891, applied to the Court for such an incorporation. However, the movement for annexation prevailed and the following described territory became part of the Borough of Greensburg. "Beginning at a point at the northeast corner of Academy lot; thence northern boundry of Greensburg borough south 87 degrees west 1,284 feet to a point; thence through the Harrison City road north 18 degrees 5 minutes west 215 feet to a point;.north 20 degrees 25 minutes east 663.5 feet to the northwest corner of Barclay plan of lots; north 33 degrees 10 minutes east 911 feet through Salen road to the northwest corner of Dr. Mletzgar's plan of lots; north 74 degrees 10 minutes east -28-- Greensburg Seminary and Bunker Hill from Pennsylvania Railroad fill at Hagan's Creamery From Rughton left: Southwest Greensburg right: Greensburg Circa 1900. 1799 1949 288.6 feet to the northwest corner of said plan; south 12 degrees east 919.8 feet to a point at northerly line of Best Street; north 77 degrees 25 minutes east 502 feet along Best Street to a point; south 12 degrees 35 minutes east 664-2 feet to Grant Street; north 77 degrees 25 minutes east 320 feet to an alley; thence south 12 degrees 35 minutes east 674 feet to a point; north 66 degrees 15 minutes west 1,037.2 feet to the place of beginning. That part of the present Greensburg in the vicinity where West Newton Avenue joins West Pittsburgh Street was settled very early. In the pack horse and turnpike days just as there was an inn at the Eicher place, a itile or so east of Greensburg so there was an inn on the hill west of Greensburg known as the Bushfield Tavern. Near it was a blacksmith shop as was the case of almost every inn at that time for horseshoeing was one of the leading industries of a wagon town of those days. This tavern was quite a racy place and catered mostly to those who preferred a gay life to a night's repose. This is where Sally Hastings stopped in 1800 when she found that the town of Greensburg was "Full of riotous people" and "Thought it advisable to pass onward to a place of more quietness." Entires in her diary which we have not quoted indicate that she found very little quietness at the Bushfield Tavern. Thus, with a tavern and blacksmith shop as a nucleus for a settlement the hill at West Pittsburgh Street became a village and was finally incorporated as the Borough of Bunker Hill. The movement to consolidate Bunker Hill and Greensburg began with an Act of Assembly approved June 6, 1893, P.L. 335, providing for consolidation of boroughs. In pursuance thereof, the burgesses of the two boroughs entered into an agreement for consolidation on January 29, 1894, the last paragraph of which provided as follows: That this agreement shall be submitted to the qualified electors of each of the said Boroughs, on Tuesday, 20th of February, 1894, which election shall be held by the regularly constituted election officers in and for said Boroughs, and in accordance with the provisions of the laws of this Commonwealth regulating elections by the people. In compliance with the agreement the citizens of the two Boroughs voted on February 20, 1894, with the following results: GREENSBURG WARDS 1 For consolidation ............. 182 Against Consolidation .......... 61 2 3 80 61 37 48 4 Total 129 453 87 232 BUNKER HILL Total For consolidation ................. ......................... 150 Against consolidation ....................... ................... 14 Thereafter letters patent were issued by Governor Robert E. Pattison, dated March 15, 1894 authorizing the consolidation. The victory of Admiral George Dewey over the Spanish Fleet in Manila Bay on May 1, 1898 had its impact on Greensburg. The 10th Regiment which included Company I of Greensburg, was mustered into service on May 12, encamping at Mount Gretna. On May 18, the Regi- ment left Mount Gretna for the Philippine Islands, passing through Greensburg by train at 8:30 o'clock A.M. on the morning of May 19th, on its way to California to cross the Pacific. A stop, however, was made at Greensburg for the soldiers to meet their families and friends who lined the tracks on both sides by the hundreds. The Regiment arrived at Manila Bay on July 17, 1898. Company I comprised 75 men which was later increased to 106 men. The company was returned to San Francisco on August 22, 1899, three of the number having been killed in battle; John Brady, Bert Armbrust and Daniel Stevens. The following had been wounded: Richard D. Laird, Augustus C. Remaley, Archibald W. Powell, Morrison Barclay, Joseph C. Mickey, and William H. Stauffer. Upon its return to Pittsburgh the Regiment was welcomed by President Mc- Kinley, Governor William A. Stone, General Wesley Merritt and other notables. The celebration of the centennial of the incorporation of Greensburg in 1899 was featured by ceremonies in the Court House on May 25, 1899, a parade and other activities. The following news item from the May 25th issue of "The Greensburg Press" portrays the preparations for Greensburg's centennial. The Press published an interview with Attorney Curtis H. Gregg on Monday, December 12, 1898, in which he called attention to the ap- proaching centennial of the Borough of Greensburg. He argues in favor of making a combined celebration of the birthday of the town and the homecoming of Companies I and E, Tenth Pennsylvania Volunteers. At that time the regiment was expected to return from the Philippines at some date in March. For several days The Press secured the views of the leading citizens of Greensburg. They all favored the celebration. On Wednesday, December 21, 1898, Burgess W. C. Loor, President of Council F. V. B. Laird and A. M. Sloan, President of the Board of Trade, joined in a call -30- III Snow scene Main Street Looking up North Main: N. E. Corner Otterman and Main-white build- ing, Merchants and Farmers Bank, S. E. Corner, Homer Robinson Grocery, Swen Wendel Shoes, Immels Butcher Shop in basement Joe Hackney, barber. John Murphy, Jewelry, S. P. Brown, Drugstore, Adam Turney, hardware, Lewis Trauger, Barclay Bank, Sol Marks Clothier, Westmoreland National Bank, Either, Bowling Alley or Pollins, Keck and Pollins, Clawson and Hawk, J. V. Stephenson Druggist. About 1890. in "~b$ 1799 1949 li°l__,j for a public meeting to be held in the Court House on December 22, 1898, at 7 o'clock P.M., to discuss the proposed celebration. The meeting in the Court House was well attended. Judge L. W. Doty presided. It was decided that the two celebrations should not be combined. The chairman was empowered to appoint a committee of ten to outline the plans for the centennial. These gentlemen were named. A. M. Sloan, Rev. J. H. Pershing, Hon. J. B. O. Cowan, Frank Stark, B. F. Vogle, Walter J. Christy, F. V. B. Laird, Elmer E. Lyon, Burgess W. C. Loor and John M. Jamison. The committee met in Mr. Sloan's office on the evening of January 4. A report was prepared and it was decided to call a citizen's meeting for Friday evening, January 6, at 8 o'clock, in the Court House. On that date the meeting was postponed until the following Wednesday night. At this meeting Judge Doty presided. The committee reported, and Thursday, May 25, 1899, was selected as the day for the centennial celebration. The Chairman was ordered to appoint a Director and ten executive Committeemen, the latter to be chairman of the following sub-committees: Finance, Parade and Review, Speakers, Printing, Hotels and Ac- commodations, Reception, Decorations and Illumination, Press, Trans- portation and Badges. Chairman Doty on January 14, named these gentlemen: Gen. Richard Coulter, D. S. Atkinson, Hon. J. B. O. Cowan, T. F. Lyon, John Y. Woods, James A. Armstrong, John Barclay, John Steck, James K. Clarke, Sidney J. Potts and Capt. John B. Keenan. The first meeting of the committees was held in the Law Library of the Court House January 24, 1899, at 7:30 P.M. A. D. Welty was chosen Treasurer and James K. Clarke Secretary. It was decided to consolidate the Press and Printing committees and add an Invitation committee. The next meeting was held in the Court House on January 31. Gen. Coulter then named the following chairmen of sub-committees: Hotels and Accommodations, Capt. John B. Keenan; Reception, D. S. Atkinson; Decorations and Illumination, John Y. Woods; Press and Printing, Sidney J. Potts; Transportation, James A. Armstrong; Parade and Review, James K. Clarke; Invitation, Hon. J. B. O. Cowan; Finance, John Barclay; Badges, John F. Steck; Speakers, T. F. Lyon. Each chair- man was allowed to appoint four or more members for his committee. At a meeting of the committee held February 7, Capt. Keenan resigned and D. F. Kilgore was named in his stead. Mr. Kilgore declined to serve. On February 13 these sub committees were Reception-D. S. Atkinson, Esq. Chairman, Hon. Lucien W. Doty, Hon. A. D. McConnell, J. Kline, Esq., John M. Peoples, Esq. named: Hon. Geo. F. Huff, C. Crownover, S. A. Decoration and Illumination-J. Y. Woods, Esq, Chairman, O. J. Clawson, W. D. Reamer, Jno. M. Jamison, Esq., C. E. Woods, Jno. B. Steel, M. L. Painter, W. C. Loor, C. Ward Eicher. Press and Printing-S. J. Potts, Esq., Chairman, F. V. B. Laird, B. F. Vogle, E. E. Lyon, H. H. Null, Jr. Transportation-James A. Armstrong, Chairman, L. B. Huff, J. A. McCurdy, Esq., E. M. Gross, E. K. Bierer. Parade and Review-James K. Clarke, Chairman, Major James M. Laird, H. F. Seanor, G. E. Kuhns, H. L. Welty, John Covode Reed, L. D. Castle. Invitations-Hon. James B. O. Cowan, Chairman, S. A. Clements, James E. Keenan, Esq., Edward Felton, R. Kirk McConnell. Finance-John Barclay, Chairman, Wm. A. Huff, John S. Sell, John D. Miller, J. R. Eisaman. Badges-John F. Steck, Chairman, J. V. Stephenson, S. P. Brown, John M. Hawk, E. G. Campbell, T. R. Winsheimer. Speakers-T. F. Lyons, Chairman, J. J. Johnston, Esq., James S. Moorhead, Esq., A. M. Sloan, Esq., A. H. Bell, Esq., P. H. Gaither, Esq. Since then the committees have been holding regular meetings and working hard to make the centennial a success. The Greensburg Press of May 26, 1899 reports the celebration of the previous day. The ceremonies at the Court House were opened with prayer by Reverend C. R. Diffenbacher, and addresses were made by Frank Cowan, Judge Alexander McConnell, and Captain John B. Keenan. John Latta was chairman of the meeting. The following excerpt from this paper graphically portrays the events of the day: "After a day of bewildering excitement Greensburg has again settled down to her ordinary walks of life. The decorations are fast being re- moved, and the dismantled buildings are in striking contrast to the gaily bedecked structures of yesterday. On the streets are the remains of thousands of fire crackers and other pyrotechnics. "Every feature was propitious to the Centennial exercises. Old Sol was especially kind and dealt out his most benign rays. The crowd was the largest that was ever attracted to the county seat and was variously estimated at from 30,000 to 40,000. The morning trains carried -32- Al' A 1799 1949 GREENSBURG SESOUI-CENTENNIAL CORPORATION of 01EEn u6P9ennyLfanha The Executive Committee OLIVER M. DEIBLER Secretary ROBERT B. HERBERT JAY C. JAMISON DR. RALPH W. McKENZIE JUDGE RICHARD D. LAIRD GENERAL RICHARD COULTER K. S. NEVIN JOHN R. BARCLAY REV. L. W. ANDERSON FATHER ALBANESE JAMES P. GLASGOW MAX. M. FINKELSTEIN GEORGE PODEYN JOSEPH D. WENTLING GLENN G. VANCE W. C. L. BAYNE GEORGE E. BERRY General Chairman MAYOR HENRY S. COSHEY Honorary Chairman C, PERCY R. SHEETZ Treasurer 1799 1949 .... perfect burdens of human freight. Jeannette, Manor and Penn found easy access to the scene of the festivities and their boundaries were fairly depopulated. From the surrounding districts all roads led to Greensburg, and every manner of vehicle, no matter whether it was a cumbersome farm wagon or a mule cart, was called into use. Livery stables were soon unable to care for the teams and the streets off the route of parade were lined with buggies and wagons. "The events passed off most successfully. The Court House held an appreciative audience during the morning's program of speeches. The parade was a magnificent pageant and was the chief attraction for the sightseers. The military, civic and industrial institutions of the town and county presented instructive displays, and the line of march stretched for more than a mile. "The evening was given over to one grand jollification. The streets were filled with towns-people and the visitors who were loath to leave the scene. Up and down Main street they marched, some singing and shouting:and others shooting revolvers and exploding fireworks. Not until the'edeparture of the late trains did the boisterous conduct subside. "The parade was the one great feature of the day. Never have the streets been so thronged with the serging mass of people to witness any similar procession, as they were on Centennial afternoon. Space along Main Street was held at par and the other thoroughfares along the line of march were also jammed. The procession formed on West Otterman street opposite the freight depot. As the body passed along the route, the good, people were enthused and greeted the marchers with great applause." By 1900 Greensburg was more than just a "County Town." Its population had increased to 1,642 by 1870; to 2,500 by 1880; to 4,202 by 1890, and 6,508 by 1900. The population of the County had also increased from 53,239 to 160,175 between the years 1860 and 1900. With the advent of the beehive ovens, Greensburg was not only the political capital of the County but also the coal capital of the County. Then too, manufacturing industries were springing up south of Greensburg in the vicinity of Huff Town, now known as the Borough of South Greensburg. Thus, Greensburg had definitely taken on the aspect of a mercantile center. The purchasing power of the industrial wage earner contributed to this. Nevertheless, the same new industrial forces engendered more litigation so that by 1901 a new Court House, the town's fourth, was projected and in that year the records from the old Court House were moved to the temporary Court House on South Main Street, the Coulter Building, still extant. This building had been built by George W. Good in 49 days. Court continued to be held there until 1908 when on January 31st of that year the new and present Court House was dedicated. Although the least amount of land upon which Greensburg origin- ated was owned by Ludwig Otterman, yet more significant mementos remain today to proclaim the name of this pioneer Greensburger than the names of Christopher Truby or William Jack. True there is a street and creek in Greensburg commemorating the name of Jack and there is a street preserving the name of Truby. Yet, one of the two main east and west arteries of traffic still honors the name of Otterman and an entire section of Greensburg, the name of Ludwig, now called Ludwick. Ludwig Otterman in his time was known as "The Dutchman" and had settled and lived in a log house on what was later the Stokes farm, which is part of the Seton Hill College property. Most of his land was where Ludwick now is. His log house had a double door, one hung above the other like the doors of a stable. On Sunday he maintained the dress of his nationality, comprising a red flannel wambus or roundabout, made from a woolen blanket. Many of his own nationality and Germans looked to him as their leader and bought property from him in order to settle near him. Thus Ludwick became a settlement separate and apart from Greensburg and for years had its own post office, and became a borough in itself. The establishment of the Pennsylvania Railroad Freight Station at Ludwick entailed the beginning of warehouses, produce and wholesale businesses which augmented the growth of this community. This growth sompletely linked Ludwick with Greensburg.by houses and other buildings so that by 1905 Ludwick was consolidated with Greensburg. In pursuance of said Act of Assembly of June 6, 1893, providing for consolidation of boroughs, the Boroughs of Greensburg, Ludwick, East Greensburg or Underwood, and Southeast Greensburg or Paradise, were consolidated by a special election held on June 27, 1905,-Ludwick be- coming Sixth Ward, Paradise becoming Seventh Ward, and Underwood becoming Eighth Ward of the Borough of Greensburg. The vote in the Borough of Greensburg for the consolidation was 754 in favor of it ahd 70 against it. The new borough council organized and met on August 7th of that year. The remaining annexations which have expanded Greensburg to be what it is today, as shown by proceedings in the Court of Quarter Sessions of Westmoreland County, together with the dates of the or- dinances or decrees of court and the number and term of the proceedings, were as follows: -34- on the rigl is shown art ar posthouse, the first floor E. Martin, Drugs; across k cQlebrated Fisher House th 10 cross arms. S I d a8~i $ r P a 4 ote 1,l I -~a~e~k~ That part of the Borough of East Greensburg just East of the South- west Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad, November 12, 1900, at No. 10 August Term, 1900. A parcel of the Sell and Bierer Plan, February 9, 1907, at No. 32 February Term, 1907. Belmont Plan and George Good Estate tract, March 1, 1909, at No. 10 May Term, 1909. Part of Rugh farm, January 5, 1914, at No. 1 August Term, 1914. Lots in Hempfield Township adjoining Fifth and Sixth Wards, November 3, 1919, at No. 3 November Term, 1919. Inland Realty Plan of Lots adjoining Second Ward, November 10, 1924, at No. 8 August Term, 1926. An area of Hempfield Township adjoining Fifth Ward, September 8, 1936, at No. 1 November Term, 1936. An area of Hempfield Township near North Main Street and the Delmont Road, January 8, 1945, at No. 20 February Term, 1944. Northmont, December 10, 1945, at No. 8 November Term, 1945. An area of Hempfield Township adjoining Sixth Ward, August 31, 1946, at No. 5 August Term, 1946. An area of Hempfield Township adjoining Seventh Ward near Jack Street, May 6, 1947, at No. 22 February Term, 1947. An area on the Jeannette Road, including the Coulter, Eicher and Bauer Estates, April 4, 1949, at No. 16 February Term, 1949. Considering the large scale and complexities of modern warfare, it is impossible to correlate the First and Second World Wars to Greensburg as a community within the prescribed confines of this article. No doubt this will be treated elsewhere in this volume. Although because of the railroad, Greensburg gradually became a residential town for people employed in" Pittsburgh and its vicinity, yet this change in the town's complexion became more pronounced with the universal use of automobiles and the building of improved roads and was further accentuated by streamlining the Lincoln Highway between Greensburg and Pittsburgh, and increasing it to four lane traffic. The greatest increase in the population of Greensburg in any decade was from 1900 to 1910 when it jumped from 6,508 to 13,012 no doubt due to the expansion of industry. By 1920 the population was 15,033 and in 1930, 16,508 and with the last census in 1940 was 16,743. As can be seen the population of Greensburg increased 10,000 from 1900 to 1930. The pressure of such a marked increase of population naturally strained the machinery of borough government so that by the middle of the 1920's a movement began to make Greensburg a third class city which culminat- ed in posing the issue ta the polls in the fall of 1927. The vote was as follows: First Ward ................ Second W ard ............... Third Ward ................ Fourth Ward............... Fifth W ard ................ Sixth W ard ................ Seventh Ward .............. Eighth Ward............... For Against 408 220 463 218 147 146 334 251 275 471 108 162 328 328 118 198 The last meeting of the retiring and last Borough Council was held on December 29, 1947 and Greensburg became a Third Class City on January 1, 1928. In the first part of this article, we quoted from the American Gazet- teer what its author had to say about Greensburg in 1798. The fourteenth, the most recent reliable edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica, pub- lished in 1929, has this to say about Greensburg: GREENSBURG, a city of Pennsylvania, U.S.A., 30 m. E. by S. of Pittsburgh ,on the Lincoln highway and the Pennsylvania railroad, at an altitude of 1,000-1,200 ft.; the county seat of Westmoreland county. The population was 15,033 in 1920; 1930 it was 16,508. Including the adjacent suburbs, the local estimate for 1928 was 25,000. It is in the heart of the bituminous coalfields of western Pennsylvania, and natural gas is abundant. There are large cokeovens and railroad repair shops, and over 30 varieties of smaller industrial establishments. The annual value of the manufactured products is estimated at $10,000,000. Greens- burg (named after Gen. Nathanael Greene) was settled in 1784-85, immediately after the opening of the State road built along the trail followed by General Forbes on his march to Fort Duquesne in 1758. It was made the county seat in 1787; was incorporated as a borough in 1799; and became a city in 1928. Near Greensburg, during the Conspir- acy of Pontiac, was fought the battle of Bushy Run (Aug. 5-6, 1763), when Colonel Henry Bouquet by a stratagem gained a decisive victory over the Indians. Three miles north-east of the city, at the village of Hanna's -36- 1799 1949 1799 Town (almost completely destroyed by the Indians on July 13, 1782) the first court west of the Alleghenies opened on April 6, 1773. The chief difference in these two encyclopedic reports of Greensburg is quantitative and not qualitative. In comparing or contrasting the two treatments, it would appear to a native of Greensburg that 150 years of living, loving, litigating, fighting, horse trading, and dying, should make more of a difference. Nevertheless, although the history of Greensburg is of no concern to most of- the two billion people of the world, and although its history is generally the same as the history of thousands of other communities in the United States, yet the incidents and events related in this volume are important to Greensburgers because it is a history of Greensburg and not of some other place. -C.E.P. 1799 George Armstrong, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Simon Drum, Jacob Hugus, Robert Cooper, Thomas McGuire. 1800 Joseph Cook, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Robert Cooper, John Hanna, James Brady, Robert Graham. 1801 George Armstrong, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Wells, Henry Coulter, Henry Weaver, Andrew McCulley. 1802 John Young, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Peter Horbach, Simon Drum, Daniel Bacon, Nathaniel Williams. 1803 George Amrstrong, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Young, John Kuhns, Daniel Bacon, Andrew McCulley. 1811 Simon Drum, Jr., Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Wells, Simon Singer, Samuel Guthrie, Robert Williams. 1812 George Armstrong, Chief Burgsess; Assistant Burgesses, Samuel Guthrie, John B. Alexander, Abraham Horbach, John Williams. 1813 Abraham Horbach, Chief Burgess. 1814 John Wells, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Kuhns, John Gleeger, Wm. S. Graham, Robert Graham. 1815 John Kuhns, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Wells, Robert Graham, Jacob Kerns, Simon Singer. 1816 John Wells, Chief Burgsess; Assistant Burgesses, John B. Alexander, Samuel Singer, Jacob Kerns, John Kuhns. 1817 Singer.John Wells, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John B. Alexander, Robert Williams, John Fleeser, Samuel 1818 John Kuhns, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Eli Coulter, John Fleeger, Robert Williams. 1819 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, James Brady, Jacob Turney, Robert Williams, John Kuhns. 1949 1821 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, David McLean, Jacob Turney, Peter Fleeser, Wm. Johnston. 1822 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, Daniel Grant, Peter Fleeger, Frederick Macklin, William Herwick. 1823 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Daniel Grant, Peter Fleeser, David Kuhns, George Shiras. 1825 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, A. W. Foster, Jacob Turney, Jehu Taylor, John Fleeger. 1826 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Alex W. Foster, Jehu Taylor, James Fleming, F. A. Wise. 1827 John Y. Barclay, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Eli Coulter, F. A. Wise, Arthur Carr, Randal McLaughlin. 1828 Eli Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Y. Barclay, Arthur Carr, Randall McLaughlin, F. A. Wise. 1829 Eli Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Y. Barclay, Arthur Carr, Abraham Horbach, John Kuhns. 1830 John Y. Barclay, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Richard Coulter, John Kuhns, Arthur Car, Abraham Horbach. 1836 John Y. Barclay, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Kuhns, Jacob Welty, William McKinney, Jehu Taylor. .1837 Randall McLaughlin, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Jacob M. Wise, James Goodlin, Samuel Kuhns, William Ramsey. 1839 John Y. Barclay, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Dr. S. P. Brown, Randal McLaughlin, John Kuhns, Thomas Armstrong. 1840 John Y. Barclay, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Dr. S. P. Brown, Randal McLaughlin, John Kuhns, Thomas Armstrong. 1841 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Jacob Welty, John Kuhns, Samuel Kuhns, Joseph Russell. 1842 Joseph Russell, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Jehu Taylor, Benj. Highberser, Jacob S. Steck, Thomas L. Drum. 1843 Jacob Welty, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Richard Coulter, Dr. S. P. Brown, Simon Cort, John Kuhns. 1844 John Armstrong, Chief Burgess; Assistant 'Bursesses, A. Rumbaugh, H. Gilchrist, J. L. Turney. 1847 H. Y. Brady, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, H. Brennaman, Jacob M. Wise, James Goodlin. 1851 Daniel Welty, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, S. B. Ramsey, D. K. Marchand, Hugh Arter, Henry Kettering. 1852 Daniel Wely, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, D. K. Marchand, Israel Uncapher, D. W. Shryock, H. D. Foster. 1853 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, James C. Clarke, Edgar Cowan, S. S. Turney, Jno. Armstrong, Jr. -37- 1799 1854 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, James C. Clarke, Edgar Cowan, John Amrstrong, Jr., Samuel S. Turney. 1855 Richard Coulter, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, James C. Clarke, Edgar Cowan, John Armstrong, S. S. Turney. 1856 Henry Kettering, Chief Bursess; Assistant Burgesses, James C. C.arke, Samuel Alwine, John Loor, W. H. Markle. 1857 Jas. C. Clarke, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John Loor, Edward J. Keenan, C. R. Painter, Daniel Kistler, Jr. 1858 Jas. C. Clarke, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John W. Turney, John Loor, Daniel Kistler, John Morrison. 1859 Jno. W. Turney, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, Alex McKinney, Daniel Kistler, Jr., Joseph Greer. 1860 Jno. W. Turney, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Z. P. Bierer. 1861 Z. P. Bierer, Chief Bursess, 1862 Z. P. Bierer, Chief Burgess. 1863 Henry Kettering, Chief Burgess. 1864 Henry Kettering, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, C. H. Stark, F. Y. Clopper, Lawrence Winsheimer, Eli Fisher. 1865 Henry Welty, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Henry Kettering, James F. Woods, John D. Coffin, Samuel Alwine. 1866 James C. Clarke, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Israel Uncapher, William Dixon, William M. Given, A. A. Stewart. 1867 Jacob Turney, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, James C. Clarke, E. J. Kennan, A. A. Stewart, Thos. Donahoe. 1868 Henry Kettering, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, C. H. Stark, Z. P. Bierer, G. A. Allison, R. W. Singer. 1869 James Borlin, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, J. A. Marchand, J. J. Hazlett, Cornelius Miller, Adam Baer. 1870 Ira Ryan, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, Simon Deter, W. F. Rock, D. J. Cline, John M. Smith. 1871 John M. Smith, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Samuel Alwine, R. M. Reed, John H. Highberger, Peter Welsh. 1872 L. Winsheimer, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, C. R. Painter, Frank Sarver, D. J. Cline, James H. Welty. 1873 John L. Holmes, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, Samuel Alwine, Joseph Bowman, Eli Beck, George L. Turney. 1874 John M. Smith, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, J. H. Welty, R. M. Reed, John Kuhns, C. H. Stark. 1949 1875 James Borlin, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, John M. Smith, Solomon Trauger, W. H. Hacke, Simon H. Baker. 1876 John M. Smith, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Samuel Alwine, Sr., Lewis Kline, F. V. B. Laird, Lucien Clawson. 1877 Philip Kuhns, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, R. W. Singer, J. W. Turney, William Dixon, F. V. B. Laird. 1878 Hugh Ward, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Lewis T. Bott, James K. Stuart, Peter Sipes, Joseph Bowman. 1879 John M. Smith, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, H. S. Coshey, John Kuhns, J. F. Dick, Lucien Clawson. 1880 James C. Clarke, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Samuel Alwine, A. B. Brown, F. Y. Clopper, J. C. McCausland. 1881 J. E. Gatchell, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses, John M. Smith, H. Byers Kuhns, William Walthour, Charles Diehl. 1882 Z. P. Bierer, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Jacob Turney, P. S. Kuhns, Henry Laughrey, Joseph Tinman. 1883 Z. P. Bierer, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, C. H. Stark, J. T. Kirkwood, Henry Laughrey, Alex Gross. 1884 S. R. Patterson, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John M. Smith, J. R. Bell, J. W. B. Kemerer, Jno. Walthour. 1885 H. S. Ackerman, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Richard Coulter, James C. Clarke, Edward Keenan, F. C. Gay. 1886 L. W. Doty, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, F. Y. Clopper, Adam Turney, F. C. Gay, Alexander Eicher. 1887 J. A. Marchand, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, A. M. Sloan, Charles F. Ehalt, James F. Keenan, R. A. F. Lyon. 1888 J. A. Marchand, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, D. Musick, John Bomer, John Stoker, John B. Kuhns. 1889 F. Y. Clopper, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, A. M. Sloan, H. S. Coshey, Joseph Bowman, Geo. W. Kline. 1890 John C. Keffer, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, O. R. Snyder, William Orr, Samuel Alwine, Sr., John M. Keenan. 1891 John B. Keenan, Chief Burgess, Assistant Burgesses; J. A. Marchand, Alex. Gress, Daniel Bierer, John M. Keener. 1892 F. A. Gay, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, Frank Goodlin, John Bomer, W. S. Byers, Samuel Bierer. 1893 J. Covode Reed, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, E. H. Bair, L. Offutt, Henry Coshey, Alex. Gress. MARCH 5, 1894 TO MARCH 26, 1894 William Snite, Chief Burgess; Assistant Burgesses, John W. Pollins, Dr. Lemuel Offutt, Edward Donahoe, James Cochran. -38-- 1799 BOROUGH OF GREENSBURG AND BOROUGH OF BUNKER HILL CONSOLIDATED March 26, 1894 COUNCIL William Snite, Burgess; John W. Pollins, Joseph F. Henry, George Rohrbacher, E. O. Scherrer, H. Breitegam, Edw. Donohoe, L. P. Wentzell, Theodore Butterfield, James Cochran, A. P. Deemer, President, Dr. Lemuel OFfutt, U. S. G. Wentzell, H. C. Painter, H. J. Bortz, Edw. B. Sweeny, A. B. McGrew, William Woodrow, John Popinger, J. Cavode Reed, Declined to serve; Harry Leacock. MARCH 4, 1895 William Snite Chief Burgess; Barnett Thomas, A. B. McGrew, W. D. Keener, W. D. Wilson, Dr. W. D. Hays, Chas. Gray, W. H. Thomas, Edw. A. Donohoe, D. M. Irwin, H. Brietegam, Harry D. Coshey, Wm. N. Brinker, Win. Woodrow, Geo. Rohrbacher, U. S. G. Wentzell, A. P. Deemer, John Popinger. MARCH 2, 1896 Wm. Snite, Chief Burgess; A. B. McGrew, Harry D. Coshey, Wm. H. Thomas, D. M. Irwin, Barnett Thomas, W. D. Wilson, W. A. Keener, Dr. W. D. Hays, President; A. R. Deemer, Resigned May 4, 1896; Grant Wentzell, W. D. Walthour, Appointed June 1, 1896; Chas. P. E'Halt, F. V. B. Laird, Frank P. Goodlin. MARCH 1, 1897 W. C. Loor, Chief Burgess; Harry D. Coshey, President; A. Bowman, A. B. Theurer, J. .K Long, O. P. Long, W. F. Overly, Henry M. Neishley, Chas. P. Ehalt, A. B. McGrew, Wm. H. Thomas, F. V. B. Laird, W. D. Wilson, Frank P. Goodlin, Wm. A. Keener. MARCH 7, 1898 W. C. Loor, Burgess; Beni. M. Blose, S. K. Klingensmith, Edw. Donohoe A. B. McGrew, John Z. Light, H. C. Painter, Chas. F. Ehalt, Harry D. Coshey, A. B. Theurer, F. V. B. Laird, President; Jesse K. Long, Frank P. Goodlin, A. K. Bowman, Oliver P. Long, W. F. Overly. MARCH 6, 1399 W. C. Loor, Burgess; E. K. Bierer, Israel Haines, John M. Hawk, J. K. Pollins, Died January 5 1900; Alex Gress, F. V. B. Laird, Appointed April 3, 1899; C. H. Gregg, Appointed February 5, 1900; H. D. Coshey, A. B. McGrew, A. B. Theurer, Resigned July 31, 1899; Ben. M. Blose, Jesse K. Long, Resigned April 3, 1899; H. C. Painter, President; A. K. Bowman, John Z. Light, O. P. Long, L. K. Klingensmith, Samuel A. Clements, Appointed July 31, 1899. MARCH 5, 1900 John S. Sell, Chief Burgess; F. V. B. Laird, Louis A. Lebling, Curtis H. Gregg, Lucien Clawson, Harry D. Coshey, C. J. McKlveen, A. B. McGrew, E. K. Bierer, B. M. Blose, Jno. M. Hawk, H. C. Painter, President; O. P. Long, Appointed; Alex Gress, John Z. Light, L. K. Klingensmith, Israel Haines, Resigned. MARCH 4, 1901 John S. Sell, Chief Burgess; Harry D. Coshey, President; Edw. K. Bierer, Lucien Clawson John M. Hawk, F. V. B. Laird, Alex Gress, Curtis H. Gregg, .C. J. McKlveen, Louis A. Lebling, G. E. Kuhns, Yhomas C. Turney, John Z. Light, Joseph Alms, Tobias Haines, W. H. Blank. MARCH 3, 1902 John S. Sell, Burgess; Chas. F. Ehalt, Jno. W. Hawk W. H. Blank, Philip K. Shaner, Curtis H. Gregg, Tobias Haines, Harry D. Coshey, President; G. E. Kuhns, Lucien Clawson, Thos. C. Turney, F. V. B. Laird, John Z. Light, C. J. McKlveen, Louis A. Lebling, J. A. Alms. MARCH 2, 1903 E. J. Perry, Burgess; S. J. King, Resigned Dec. 7, 1903; J. Nevin Huber, Harry E. Reamer, John M. Keener, Oliver P. Long, G. E. Kuhns, Chas. F. Ehalt, Jno. W. Hawk, W. H. Blank, Philip K. Shaner, Thos. C. Turney, Curtis H. Gregg, President; John Z. Light, J. A. Alms, Tobias Haines, Oliver P. Deemer. MARCH 7, 1904 E. J. Perry, Burgess; Chas. F. Ehalt, Christ Cribbs, A. E. Martin, John W. Hawk, J. Nevin Huber, Chas. K. McCreary, President; Philip K. Shaner, Harry E. Reamer, Wm. F. Dom, Jr., Curtis H. Gregg, John M. Keener Thomas P. Cole, Oliver P. Long, O. R. Deemer, Samuel J. King. MARCH 6, 1905 E. J. Perry, Burgess; A. E. Martin, Christ Cribbs, Harry N. Yont, J. Nevin Huber, C. K. McCreary, Rabe F. Marsh, Harry E. Reamer, Wm. F. Dom, Jr., Edw. C. Gress, John M. Keener, Thomas P. Cole, President; David A. Miller, Oliver P. Long, Oliver R. Deemer, W. F. Overly. 1949 AUGUST 7, 1905 C. E. Maxwell, Wm. Park, W. W. Fait, Jno. Walthour, H. F. Stough, R. J. Feightner, Walter Good A. D Hawk, David McKelvey, H. F. Seanor, Thos. Wheeler, J. C. Dawson, Jacob Wineman, Jacob Salm S. G. Scheib- ler, S. P. Feightner, S. B. Truxel, C. J. Walter, David Seamon, J. K. Ambrose, Alex Baird, William Parks. MARCH 5, 1906 John S. Sell, Burgess; Christ Cribbs, Harry N. Yont, Resigned Dec. 3, 1906; John Reed, E. M. Crosby, Elected to fill vacancy-Dec. 3, 1906; C. K. McCreary, Rabe F. Marsh, Thos. S. Jamison, Wm. T. Dom Jr. Edw C Gress, Jacob Armbrust, Thos. P. Cole, President; David A. Miller, Harry F. Thomas, Oliver R. Deemer, /. F. Overly, W. F. Scheibler, H. F. Stough, A. D. Hawk, Resigned May 7, 1906; Wm. Park, R. J. Feightner, S. G. Scheibler, Harry F. Seanor, Jacob Wineman, 'Alex Baird, D. H. Leamon, J. K. Ambrose, S. B. Truxal, Wm. Parks. MARCH 4, 1907 John S. Sell Burgess; Harry D. Coshey, John Reed, E. R. Baker, Rabe F. Marsh, Thos. S. Jamison, Charles R. Hollingsworth tdw. C. Gress Jacob A. Armbrust, Richard Coulter, Jr., David A. Miller, Resigned Jan. 6, 1908; Harry F. Thomas, Thos. P. Cole, President; W. F. Overly, W. F. Scheibler, Peter Paulson Wm. Park, H. J. Stough, R. J. Feightner, S. G. Scheibler, Jacob Wineman, Jas. C. Dawson, J. K. Ambrose, S. B. Truxal, Wm. Parks. MARCH 2, 1908 John S. Sell, Burgess; Harry D. Coshey, John Reed, C. R. Baker Thos. S. Jamison, C. B. Hollingsworth, Jas. S. Beacom, Richard Coulter, Jr., Edw. C. Gress, Jacob A. Armbrust, thos. P. Cole, President; Harry F. homas, H. J. Smeltzer, W. F. Scheibler, Peter Paulson, J. Chas. Murphy, R. J. Feightner, J. A. Seanor, S. K. Lenhart, H. F. Stark, Jas. C. Dawson, Jacob Wineman, Edw. Steiner, J. J. Gehr, A. B. Slonecker. MARCH 1, 1909 J. N. McConnell, Burgess; Harry D. Coshey, C. R. Baker, C. B. Hollingsworth Jas. S. Beacom, Jno. P. Kilgore, Richard Coulter, Jr., Edw. C. Gress, M. C. Keck, Thos. P. Cole, President; H. J. Smeltzer, George Weight- man, Peter Paulson, J. Chas. Murphy, W. N. Brinker, R. J. Feightner, S K. Lenhart, Samuel Miller H. F. Stark, Jas. C. Dawson, Frank Kistler, Edw. Steiner, J. J. Gehr, A. B Slonecker, Resigned; W. G. Connors, Elected March 7. MARCH 7, 1910 J. N. McConnell, Burgess; H. D. Coshey, John Reed, F. C. Black, J. S. Beacom, J. P. Kilgore, D. W. Bortz, Richard Coulter, Jr., Edw. C. Gress, M. C. Keck, Thos. P. Cole, President; H. J. Smeltzer, George Weightman, J. Chas. Murphy, W. N. Brinker, Tobias Haines, R. J. Feightner, S. K. Lenhart, Samuel Miller, H. F. Stark, Frank Kistler, Roman Ivory, Edw. Steiner, Alex Baird, W. G. Connors. MARCH 6, 1911 J. N. McConnell, Burgess; H. D. Coshey, John Reed, F. C. Black, J. S. Beacom, J. P. Kilgore, D. W. Bortz, Rchard Coulter, Jr., Edw. C. Gress, M. C. Keck, Thos. P. Cole, President; H. J. Smeltzer, George Weightman, J. Chas. Murphy, W. N. Brinker, Tobias Haines, R. J. Feightner, S. K. Lenhart, Samuel Miller, H. F. Stark, Frank Kistler, Roman Ivory, Edw. Steiner, Alex Baird, W. G. Connors. JANUARY 1, 1912 J. N. McConnell, Burgess; John Reed, F. C. Black, H. D. Coshey, H. P. Kilgore, D. W. Bortz, Jas. S. Beacom, M. C. Keck, Richard Coulter, Jr., Edw. C. Gress, George Weightman, Thos. P. Cole, President; John Barclay, W. N. Brinker, Died Aug. 13, 1912; Tobias Haines, J. Chas. Murphy, Dr. G. W. Miller, Elected Oct. 7, 1912,; Samuel Miller, R. J. Feightner, I. R. Moore, Frank Kistler, Roman Ivory, David McKelvey, W. G. Connors, Alex Baird, Edw. Steiner. JANUARY 1913 J. N. McConnell, Burgess, Resigns April 7, 1913; Wade T. Kline, Burgess, Elected May 5, 1913; F. C. Black, John Reed, H. D. Coshey, Jas. S. Beacom, D. W. Bortz, J. P. Kilgore, Richard Coulter, Jr., Resigned Aug. 4, 1913, M. C. Keck, Edw. C. Gress, Paul S. Barnhart, Elected Aug. 4, 1913; John Barclay, George Weightman, Thos. P. Cole, President; Tobias Haines, Resigned Feb. 3, 1913; J. Chas. Murphy, Dr. G. W. Miller, Frank E. Mc- Cready, Elected April 7, 1913, R. J. Feightner, Samuel Miller, I. R. Moore, Roman Ivory, Frank Kistler, David Mc- Kelvey, Alex Baird, W. G. Connors, Edw. Steiner. JANUARY 5, 1914 Dr. C. E. Snyder Burgess; John Reed, H. D. Coshey, John Temple, J. S. Beacom, Rabe F. Marsh, President; W. L. Mitin er, Edw. C. Gress, Harry Orr, John Robb Clarke, John Barclay, J. M. Davidson Jas. E. Bell, J. Chas. Murphy, F. E. McCready, Jos. F. Henry, R. J. Fei htner, I. R. Moore, H. M. Friedlander, Frank C. Kistler, David McKelvey, Harvey J. Hensell, Edw. Steiner, W. G. Connor, Alex Baird. -39- 1799 JANUARY 4, 1915 C. E. Snyder, Burgess; H. D. Coshey, John Reed, John Temple, W. L. Mitinger, Rabe F. Marsh, President; Edw. C. Gress, Harry Orr, John R. Clarke, Resigned May 3, 1915; Harry E. Reamer, Elected May 3, 1915 Resigned May 17, 1915; Henry Small, Elected June 7, 1915; John Barclay, Jas. E. Bell, J. M. Davidson, Jos. F. Henry, J. Chas. Murphy, F. E. McCready, H. M. Friedlander, I. R. Moore, R. J. Feightner, Harvey J. Hensel, Frank C. Kistler, David McKelvey, W. G. Connor, Edw. Steiner, Died; Clarke Feightner. JANUARY 3, 1916 C. E. Snyder, Burgess; John Reed, John Temple, W. S. Rial, Rabe F. Marsh, President; Jas. S. Beacom, Wm. L. Mitinger, Harry Orr, H. Clyde Sondles, Edw. C. Gress, Jas. E. Bell, J. M. Davidson George Weightman, Jos. F. Henry, F. E. McCready, J. J. Zimmerman, R. J. Feightner, Harry Friedlander, David E. Crock, Frank C. Kistler, Harvey J. Hensell, Wm. T. Dom, Alex Baird, W. G. Connor, C. F. Hixson. JANUARY 1, 1917 C. E. Snyder, Burgess; John Reed, John Temple, W. S. Rial Wm. L. Mitinger, Rabe F. Marsh, President; Jas. S. Beacom, Edw. C. Gress, Harry Orr, H. Clyde Sondles, Jas. E. Bell, J. M. Davison, Geo. Weightman, Jos. F. Henry, F. E. McCready, J. J. Zimmerman, David E. Crock, R. J. Feightner, Harry Friedlander, D. P. Hudson, Elected Dec. 3 1917; Wm. T. Dom, Resigned Dec. 3, 1917; Harvey J. Hensell, Frank C. Kistler, Alex Baird, C. F. Hixson, W. . Connor. JANUARY 7, 1918 Harry N. Yont, Burgess; John B. Temple John Reed W. S. Rial, Rabe F. Marsh, A. B. Fetter Jas. S. Beacom, President; Jno. H. McKlveen, Edw. C. Gress, Harry Orr, k. A. Wentzell, J. M. Davison, Geo. 5Weightman, F. E. McCready, Jos. F. Henry, J. J. Zimmerman, R. J. Feightner Harry W. Friedlander, David E. Crock, Harvey J. Hensell, F. C. Kistler, D. P. Hudson, J. E. Maxwell, Alex Baird, i. F. Hixson, Resigned May 6, 1918; H. F. Alwine, App- pointed May 6, 1918. JANUARY 6, 1919 Harry N. Yont, Burgess; John Reed, W. S. Rial, John B. Temple, Rabe F. Marsh, A. B. Fetter, Jas. S. Beacom, President; Edw. C. Gress, Harry Orr, Jno. H. McKlveen, Geo. Weightman, J. M. Davison, H. A. Wentzell, Jos. F. Henry, F. E. McCready, J. J. Zimmerman, R. J. Feightner, Harry W. Friedlander, David E. Crock, D. P. Hudson, F. C. Kistler, Harvey J. Hensell, J. E. Maxwell, H. F. Alwine, Alex Baird. JANUARY 5, 1920 Harry N. Yont, Burgess; W. S. Rial, Jno. B. Temple, Paul K. McCormick, Resigned Oct. 4, 1920, R. C. Hollister, Appointed Nov. 1, 1920, Rabe F. Marsh, A. B. Fetter, D. T. Amend, Edw. C. Gress, Jno. H. McKlveen, Harry Orr, H. A. Wentzell, Resigned; C. J. McKlveen, C. C. Mechling, David A. Miller, Elected April 5, 1920; Jos. F. Henry, F. E. McCready, J. J. Zimmerman, Died; Thos. H. Kessler, Elected March 4, 1920; R. J. Feightner, Harry W. Friedlander, J. S. Butler, Harvey J. Hensell, D. R. Hudson, F. C. Kistler, H. F. Alwine, J. E. Maxwell, W. W. Smith. JANUARY 3, 1921 Harry N. Yont, Burgess; Jno. B. Temple, R. C. Hollister, W. S. Rial, D. T. Amend, Rabe F. Marsh, President; A. B. Fetter, Edw. C. Gress John McKlveen Resigned July 11 1921; Harry Orr, Jacob Armbrust, Elected Aug. 1, 1921; C. C. Mechling, i. J. McKlveen, bDavid A. Miller, F. E. McCready, Thos. H. Kessler, Jos. F. Henry, J. S. Butler, R. J. Feightner, Harvey W. Friedlander, Harvey J. Hensell, D. P. Hudson, F. C. Kistler, H. F. Alwine, W. W. Smith, J. E. Maxwell. JANUARY 2, 1922 Harry N. Yont, Burgess; Henry S. Coshey, W. S. Rial, R. W. Schreck, D. T. Amend, Jno. H. Baird, Jos. Steiner, Edw. C. Gress, Harry Orr, H. A. Wentzell, C. J. McKlveen, C. C. Mechling, John Stewart, Geo. E. Hutchinson, Elmer H. Wright, W. W. Keenan, J. S. Butler, R. J. Feightner, President; Harry W. Friedlander, D. P. Hudson, W. J. Nicewonger, Gustave Remaley, H. F. Alwine, J. E. Maxwell, W. W. Smith. JANUARY 1, 1923 Harry N. Yont, Burgess; Henry S. Coshey, W. S. Rial, R. W. Schreck, John H. Baird, Jos. Steiner, D. T. Amend, Harry Orr, H. A.sWentzell, Edw. C. Gress, C. J. McKlveen, C. C. Mechling, John Stewart, Geo. E. Hutchinson W. W. Keenan, Elmer H. Wright, J. S. Butler, R. J. Fei htner, President; Harry W. Friedlander, D. P. Hudson, W. J. Nicewonger, Gustave Remaley, W. W. Smith, J. E. Maxwell, H. F. Alwine, JANUARY 7, 1924 Harry N. Yont, Burgess; Henry Coshey Jr Wm. S. Rial, W. W. Keenan, John H. Baird, John McCormick, R. W. Schreck, Harry Orr, Edw. C. ress, H. 'A. Wentzell, David A. Miller, John Stewart, 0. M. Deibler, Geo. E. Hutchinson, J. E. McCready, Appointed Mar. 3, 1924; Elmer H. Wright, Beng. Elpern Harry W. Friedlander, R. J. Feightner, President; Harvey J. Hensell, W. J. Nicewonger, Gustave Remaley, J. E. Maxwell, Died; Jos. Steiner, Winm. Sheffler, Harry Ludwick. 1949 JANUARY 5, 1925 Harry N. Yont Burgess; Wm. R. Rial, Henry S. Coshey, W. W. Keenan John McCormick, John H. Baird, R. W. Schreck, Edw. i. Gress, Harry Orr, H. A. Wentzell David A. Miller, John Stewart, O. M. Deibler Geo. E. Hutchinson, Frank E. McCready, Elmer H. Wright, Harry W. Friedlander, R. J. Feightner, President; Benj. Elpern, W. J. Nicewonger, Gustave Remaley, Harvey J. Hensell, Jos. Steiner, Harry Ludwick, Wm. Sheffler. JANUARY 4, 1926 John M. Keener, Burgess; Henry S. Coshey, Wm. S. Rial, W. W. Keenan, President; Paul L. Thomas, W. H. Blank, John McCormick, Harry Orr, A. M. Wakefield, J. M. Eisaman, David A. Miller, O. M. Deibler, Raymond S. Sleppi, Geo. E. Hutchinson, Frank E. McCready, Richard Cowan, Homer R. Overly, Harry W. Friedlander, W. M. Kahanowitz, Beni. Elpern, Harvey J. Hensell, F. C. Kistler, J. E. Maxwell, Harry Ludwick, Wm. Sheffler. JANUARY 3, 1927 John M. Keener, Burgess; Henry S. Coshey, W. W. Keenan, President; W. S. Rial, Paul Thomas, W. H. Blank, John McCormick, Harry Orr, Resigned March 7, 1927; Edw. C. Gress, Jno. Eisaman, August Remaley, Elected to fill unexpired term; Raymond S. Sleppi, O. M. Deibler, David A. Miller, Richard Cowan, Homer R. Overly, Geo. E. Hutchinson, Benj. Elpern, W. M. Kahanowitz Harry W. Friedlander, Harvey Hensell, Frank Kistler, A. M. Wakefield, Harry Ludwick, J. E. Maxwell, Wm. Sheffler. JANUARY 2, 1928 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Jr., Robert J. Feightner, W. S. Lane. JANUARY 7, 1929 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Jr., Robt. J. Feightner, W. S. Lane. JANUARY 6, 1930 Harry N Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Jr., Robt. J. Feightner, W. S. Lane. JANUARY 5, 1931 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Jr., Robt. J. Feightner, W. S. Lane. JANUARY 1932 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Jr., Robt. J. Feightner, W. S. Lane 1933 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Jr., W. S. Lane, Robt. J. Feightner. 1934 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Frank G. Reamer, W. S. Lane. 1935 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; John Barclay, Henry S. Coshey, Frank G. Reamer, W. S. Lane. 1936 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; Robt. J. Feightner, Henry S. Coshey, W. Howard Bortz, Frank G. Reamer. 1937 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; Henry S. Coshey, Robt. J. Feightner, W. Howard Bortz, Frank G. Reamer. 1938 Harry N. Yont, Mayor; Henry S. Coshey, Robt. J. Feightner, W. Howard Bortz, Frank G. Reamer, Resigned May 23, 1938; Homer F. Bair, Elected to fill Reamer's unexpired term May 23, 1938. 1939 Harry N. Yont, Mayor, Homer Bair, Robt. J. Feightner, W. Howard Bortz, Henry S. Coshey. 1940 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; Homer F. Bair, Robt. J. Feightner, Geo. E. Berry, Ross Menoher. 1941 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; Homer F. Bair, Robt. J. Feightner, Ross Menoher, Geo. E. Berry. 1942 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; Robt. J. Feightner, W. Howard Bortz, Edgar T. Hammer, Geo. E. Berry. -40- 1799 1943 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor, Robt. J. Feishtner, W. Howard Bortz, Edgar T. Hammer, Geo. E. Berry. 1944 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; Geo. E. Berry, O. F. Myers, W. Howard Bortz, Died; E. T. Hammer, L. O. Keener, Elected to fill unexpired term of Bortz. 1945 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; Geo. E. Berry, O. F. Myers, E. T. Hammer, L. O. Keener 1946 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; Geo. E. Berry, O. F. Myers, E. T. Hammer, Percy R. Sheetz. 1947 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; O. F. Myers, Percy R. Sheetz, E. T. Hammer, Geo. E. Berry. 1948 Henry S. Coshey, Mayor; Oscar F. Myers, Homer R. Ruffner, Percy R. Sheetz, Edgar T. Hammer. 1949 Henry S. Coshey, Mayori Percy R. Sheetz, Homer R. Ruffner, Oscar F. Myers, E. T. Hammer. POPULATION OF GREENSBURG FROM EARLIEST CENSUS INCREASE OVER PRECEDING CENSUS YEAR 1810 ............ 1820............ 1830 ............ 1840............ 1850 ............ 1860 ............ 1870 ............ 1880............ 1890 ............ 1900 ............ 1910............ 1920............ 1930............ 1940............ Population ...... 685 ..... . 771 ..... . 810 ..... . 800 ..... . 1,051 1,388 ..... . 1,642 ..... . 2,500 4,202 ..... . 6,508 ..... . 13,012 ..... . 15,033 ..... . 16,508 ..... . 16,743 Number Percent 86 39 10 251 337 254 858 1,702 2,306 6,504 2,021 1,475 235 12.6 5.1 1.2 31.4 32.1 18.3 52.3 68.1 54.9 99.9 15.5 9.8 1.4 SOUTH GREENSBURG One of the three important municipalities that form Greater Greens- burg is the Borough of South Greensburg. Though a political independent unit since its formal incorporation in 1891, commercially and socially, its 3,500 residents are closely affiliated with the City of Greensburg. This neighborly relationship has been further strengthened by the fact 1949 that the largest industrial concerns in this area are located within the boundaries of this adjoining borough. Industry, in fact, was directly responsible for the beginning of South Greensburg and has since been the backbone of its steady progress. The land on which the town is situated can be traced back to May 24, 1780, when a deed to a tract of land in Hempfield Township contain- ing 229 acres and 40 perches, having a briqk house thereon was recorded in the name of Michael Rugh. This property remained in tact until 1871, when the administrators of the original owner's grandson, Peter Rugh, started the division. George F. Huff came into possession of 189 acres of the territory and in 1881, sold a portion of the land to the Greensburg Coal and Coke Company. The town really began in that year, when the coal company opened its No. 1 mine near the present site of the brick yard on Broad Street and built a few houses for their employees north of the mine entrance. Seven years later, a land company, through arrangements with the coal company, erected 50 houses. These homes, which are still standing, were located between Sheridan and Coulter Avenues on Broad ,Poplar and Elm Streets. The old Rugh home, oldest structure in the Borough, is occupied by Chief of Police and Mrs. Edward C. Shively, the original residence having been built in 1780. Sometime during the Civil War, a new brick house was erected on the same foundation of the first dwelling, the original walls being more than two feet in thickness. Mrs. Sara Snitehurst Hull, widow of Henry Hull, Sr., is credited with having the longest continuous residence record in the community. On January 1, 1889, Mrs. Hull moved with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Snitehurst, from Pittsburgh to the village of South Greensburg, and has been a resident ever since. Two more long-time residents are Mr. and Mrs. John C. Trimble. They moved from Conemaugh on St. Valentine's Day, 1889 and are both still residing in the same house they moved into at 1410 Elm Street. South Greensburg came into official existence as a borough on June 19, 1891, when the citizens were granted a decree of incorporation. Not unlike its older sister borough, South Greensburg, in compliance to petitions of owners, has consistently expanded its territory until now it comprises in all 355 acres. The first annexation of significant proportions was in 1923, -when the borough purchased a spacious recreation tract of four and one-half -41- 1799 1949 acres. In 1940 council added the Battisti plan in the same area. This entire plot of ground extends from Huff to Sheridan avenue and is bordered on the extreme southeast by Maple Terrace located along the Mt. Pleasant Road. The next extension consisted of two properties in Skidmore, whose owners petitioned to come into the borough. The Hammer Plan, largest and most populated district to unite with the borough was admitted in 1942. It was situated on the southwest border of fhe borough. The last territory added was the Sheffler Plan. This strip of land is located along the Carbon Road. These additions gave the borough 12Y2 miles of streets, most of which are paved. Plans are afoot to improve the new streets and install traffic lights at important intersections. Council, from a fund partly created by public subscription, pur- chased the first motor car for the police department in 1948. Prcperty valuations in 1948 totaled $2,164,400.00, which was a new all-time high figure. Records of the tax collector for 1949 show 1,938 persons, 21 years or older, residing within the borough limits. The borough tax millage was increased in 1948 from 16 to 18 mills. In addition to plans for improvement of the borough, is a new community memorial plaque to cost $1,500.00, bearing the names of all veterans of World War I and II, to replace the old plaque of World War I veterans at the Junior High School. Present borough officers are: Burgess, George Armel; Tax collector, Thomas A. Jones; Borough Solicitor, John A. Walls; Health Officer, Joseph Nalevanko; Councilmen, J. Floyd Jordan, President; George Hilgert; Frank Novak, Charles T. Baker, Sr., Robert E. Rahl, James Saville and Joseph Cavello. Chief of Police, Edward C. Shively; Street Commissioner, Frank Kennelty; Borough Clerk, George W. Goulding, and Borough Engineer, Norman G. Bell.-J.W.R.-C.F.D SOUTHWEST GREENSBURG The civic pride of Southwest Greensburg has resulted in an ideal residential district in the Greater Greensburg area which is noted for its modern homes, genial townsfolks, clean, well-paved streets and sidewalks, beautiful shade trees, neatly trimmed lawns and cultivated gardens. This thriving, attractive municipality with a population of almost 4,000 is spread over the greater part of 425 acres, any part of which is easily accessible by eight miles of connecting streets and four miles of cleanly maintained alleyways. Southwest could easily be designated as a self owned town when it is learned that not less than 70 per cent of the citizens are home owners. There are five churches within the borough limits and several small factories. The total property valuation totals $1,900,825. E. K. Snively, Sr. is said to hold the record as a long-time resident. He was born on the very site where the borough is located and has resided there continuously since its incorporation. The borough building at the corner of Alexander and Brandon streets was erected in 1907. The first floor is utilized as the fire station, the second floor being the regular meeting place for council. This room is also the scene of many community organizational meetings. Present borough officers are: Burgess, Daniel Baird; Council, E. C. Boyle, president; John McComb, William Christie, Thomas Keim, Clarence Henry, A. R. Davis, G. R. Hersh; Solicitor, W. E. Topper; Secretary, E. L. Taylor; Tax Collector, H. B. Nicely; Chief of Police, Morris Hayden; Patrolmen, Robert Fisher and Roy Hancuff. Justices of the Peace, W. W. Topper and Joseph Graff and Health Officer, Robert Lees. The borough of Southwest Greensburg was erected November 15, 1890 when a decree for its incorporation was granted by Judge Lucien W. Doty. The action of the court was in compliance to a petition signed by 41 citizens of that community and which had been approved by the previous August term grand jury. The court at the same time set the third Tuesday in February 1891 for the first borough election and appointed John Whitesell judge cf the election and John P. Werkman and David Waldron, inspectors. Members of the first borough council were: V. B. Snively, John B. Reynolds, Harry Gilchrist, David S. Ferguson, S. K. Walthour and David Waldron, burgess. This ordinarily quiet and peaceful borough has been the scene of many hotly contested athletic struggles, the playfield, Electric park bearing significance in its name. For a number of years large and small circuses utilized this park -43- 1799 1949 THE EDITORS ERROL H. DERBY CALVIN E. POLLINS ROBERT B. MITINGER J. PAUL HARMAN, D.D. CHARLES F. DE VAUX D. L. YONT MRS. FRANK MADDOCKS JAMES GREGG 1799 as a show ground, Southwest being connected by trolley before the day of autos, with Greensburg proper. Circuses came and went, enjoying large patronage but nothing of historic note occurred until the afternoon of May 10, 1911, when a sudden onrushing storm resembling a miniature cyclone struck just as the grand entry was in prcgress at the great Barnum & Bailey show. The weather in the morning and early afternoon that day was ideal and a huge crowd turned out to view the stellar attraction. Then, a dark cloud appeared in the western horizon. A sharp flash of lightning and a deafening clap of thunder fairly chilled the hearts of the large crowd that comfortably filled the seats under the big top. In another minute the heavy circus poles in front of the seats were swaying as limbs of a tree. The horses and elephants raced for the animal tent. Bellowing and roaring of the horses and wild animals added to the onerous situation. The shrieking sound of circus foremen whistles brought every available man running to meet the emergency. Stakes were hurriedly driven deeper into the ground, ve Itcran actors, armed with circus clubs challenged the mob that stampcde d fcr the main exit. After the first wave of humanity had passed out, the remainder were ordered from under the tent, as it appeared about to collapse. The rain by now was pouring down. Children were lost from their parents. Everyone unable to find shelter under a circus wagon or Guests at the 59th Wedding Anniversary of Mr. and Mrs. Adam Seanor at their farm home, taken September 23, 1903. Street Sweeper Front row: D. S. Alkinson. . . . Hoffman, Gen. Richard Coulter, A. M. Pittsburgh Stre Sloan, John D. Hitchman, Lloyd B. Huff, Harry Seanor, Nevin Crout, R. A. F. Lyons, Hud Jordan. Back row: H. F. Bovard, John Saxman, W. C. Peooles, - - - - - -- - - - , Clyde Karnes, Paul Head, Henry I Coulter, James Welty. 1949 at the few nearby houses soon were drenched to the skin, regardless of their new spring fineries. Fortunately and to the credit of the old-time circus employees none were killed or badly injured. Undaunted the circus people revamped the show and presented the evening program after performing a Herculean task, for which real troopers in the show business are noted. Fortunately, through the years beginning at the turning of the century, officials of Southwest Greensburg have reserved, perhaps in- herently, a large play ground where today numerous neighborly teams engage in friendly contests, much to the delight of spectators. The spot-light of the state sporting world was turned on this town last August when the Southwest Greensburg Firemen sponsored the Pennsylvania soft-ball tournament. This series of contests ranked as one of the cleanest, most skilled, best spirited athletic exhibitions seen in this area during the last decade, the excellent and admirable conduct and deportment of the participants winning warm praise on every side. The Parent-Teachers organization in addition to many activities for youth in this borough together with the ideal play field is credited for the low rate of juvenile delinquency in this neighboring community.- C.F.D. decorated for the Centennial Parade in 1899. et looking toward the Greensburg Seminary. West Catherine Bush Laughn 1806-1881 -44-- ~A~4L4~ 71 OF- 1949 i of Education Regardless of perils and hardships, the early settlers were ever mindful of the importance of an education for their children. Generally speaking, in the 18th Century, only persons of means were able to read and write. The pioneers first built a block house for the safety of their families; next, a church for the worship of God, and then they cast about for means to start a school. In most instances, schools were held in the church. The structures were built of logs, thatched, and daubed with mud to shut out the cold. It was usually located near a never-failing spring. The schoolmaster was first sought, and when his services were assured, a meeting of the settlers was called, and in a few days, the logs were dressed, notched and laid into place. The building completed, the amount of tuition for each family to pay was decided. Books were few and invariably one teacher taught all subjects. School was in session about 12 weeks during December, January and February, this being the time little work could be done on the farms. These schools, voluntary as they were, were not free. There was no public support for them, with no compulsion as to attendance. Ignorance of the basic "3Rs" was all but universal. For 50 years after the founding of the town, this situation prevailed. Pennsylvania, as a state however, pioneered in the cause of free public instruction by the Acts of April 1, 1834, April 15, 1835 and June 18, 1836 enacting general education laws which, for the first time, provided for the levying of a tax to support public instruction. Previously, there had been an act "to provide for the education of the poor, gratis" (April 4, 1809), which permitted the attendance of all children between the age of 5 and 12 regardless of the parents' ability to pay. FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE The first school house in Westmoreland county was built by the villagers of Greensburg, then known as Newtown, sometime during the years between 1784 and 1787. A small one room structure, not unlike the cabins of the first settlers was erected near a spring of never-failing water on the southwest corner of what is now St. Clair Park. It was built of logs, roofing with clap-boards, and covered with clay to keep out the cold and the rain. Frequently, great drops of muddy water fell on pupils and books driving the scholars home from school. At one side of the small room, which is believed to have been about fifteen feet square was the fire place. The teacher and pupils being obligated to gather the wood which was the source of fuel. Stoves for heating school rooms were not introduced for a number of years later. A bench made of clap-board was fitted around three sides of the room on which the students sat, the walls of the building being utilized as back supports. There were no desks in front of these wall-seats, except for the older students, who were learning to write. Pupils in writing had a board in front of their seat on which a copy book could rest. Glass window panes were not procurable for some years, and at first, the school room was poorly lighted by two small windows covered with greased paper. Few teachers were available, most of them coming from the East where more attention had been paid to education. Often a tall, lean Yankee walking westward was employed as a teacher. He was qualified to keep school if he could read, write, and count figures. The teacher was examined by the preacher, justice of the peace, or other trusted persons, the custom finally leading up to the office of county-superin- tendent. However crude and limited the examination, it prevented a wholly illiterate man from becoming school-master. All parents, who sent children to school, paid a certain sum which was about twenty-five cents per week. Only those who subscribed could send their children to school, each pupil having the right to the best attention of the teacher, regardless of the amount their parents subscribed. The exact date the building was erected is not known but a deed executed April 18, 1803 by William Jack, who was the donor of the land, to the Burgesses and Inhabitants of the village describes the log cabin as the "old school house". Shortly afterward, several German or -46- First Brick School Dutch schools sprang up in the vicinity. Such a school is known to have been located about one mile southeast of Greensburg. THE EARLY SCHOOL MASTERS Teachers for the first school and the early schools that followed were compensated on a tuition basis. From eight to sixteen boys formed the student body, girls at first not being admitted as students. Instructors finding their income insufficient often performed extra work such as keeping books for some merchant or working as an extra clerk. No schoolmaster could sustain his reputation as a thorough instruc- tor, who did not regularly resort to corporal punishment. School was in session until noon Saturday, when it became the duty of the teacher to stroll through the woods and lay in a new supply of rods for the purpose of lashing pupils during the next week. Among the early schoolmasters prior to 1788 was Thomas Holliday. Another was John McClelland, who settled here in 1791, and in addition to teaching school worked as a weaver. He resided here until his death in 1846 at the age of 92 years. William Roseberry likewise was a schoolmaster in this community from 1795 to 1798. A man named McQuoin also is known to have been a schoolmaster in and about Greensburg in 1789 and 1799. A bill of sale dated September 1, 1789, emphasizes the fact that reading and spelling were among the subjects stressed and taught in the schools at that time. This sale bill shows that Thomas Huffnagle, clerk of courts and prothonotary, together with Robert McConnell bought twelve spelling books, twelve primers, and twelve Dutch spelling books from Wendel Keller ,a merchant in McCallistertown. When Greensburg became a borough, the Burgesses acted as trustees of the log cabin school. It is thought this authority was derived when the school was transferred by deed to the "Burgesses and In- habitants" on April 18, 1803. From that time on, the log school was referred to as the borough school house. The "Farmers' Register" announced on May 10, 1800 that "a grammar or Latin and Greek school has been opened at, or adjoining the borough of Greensburg (on Monday April 28th last) under care and tuition of the subscribers, who will if applied to board his pupils". The citizens of Greensburg were invited on April 15, 1801 to at- tend an examination of grammar school scholars under tuition of Mr. -47- McLean on Tuesday the 16th inst., "at the school house in this borough, and on the following day, they will deliver orations on various subjects in the court house." The programs were scheduled to start at 12 o'clock and the presence of the trustees and friends of literature were requested. About a year later, February 13, 1802, the "Register" contained this notice, "The trustees and friends of classical learning are requested to attend a quarterly examination of the scholars of the Greensburg grammar school at the school house on Thursday the 16 inst., and orations by the young gentlemen on various subjects in the court house on the following day. The exhibition to begin at 12 o'clock." There were no book stores. A very limited supply was available at the few merchandise stores in the community. Later a more choice selection of books was kept in stock and placed on the market at the newspaper office and print shops. Some of the books commonly used in the days of the early school were the Bible, United States Spelling Book, Child's First Spelling Book, Complete letter Writer; the English Reader; Introduction to Reader, the Western Calculator and the Star Song book. FIRST BRICK SCHOOL The first old log school in Greensburg was somewhat improved from time to time but in April 1833 was torn down to make way for a new and more modern red brick school. It was a one story structure 28 by 34 feet in size and was built on the same site as the original school house. It was occupied for the first time during the winter of 1833. It was occupied until the building of the railroad when the rumble and noise of passing trains, a few hundred feet away, made it necessary in 1857 to abandon this building for school purposes. A number of years afterward, the school house was transformed for domestic purposes. Later it was moved to make way for the conversion of St. Clair Cemetery into St. Clair park and although altered somewhat as to doors and windows, it is still being utilized as a store house of a commercial establishment. The deed above referred to transferring the lot embracing the "Commons" as the borough school property was known for half a century was recorded March 1, 1804. The signature of William Jack, the donor was witnessed by John Matthews and Robert Shields. In- cluded in the deed was the use of the spring and additional ground for the erection of a "Christian church for the public worship of Almighty God" and ground adjoining as a place for the burial of the dead. 1799 1949 1799 The Entrance of "Old Red Buildinq" FIRST ACADEMY The General Assembly passed an Act March 7, 1810 providing for the establishment of an academy or public school in the borough of Greensburg for the education of youth in the useful arts, sciences and literature by the name and style of the Greensburg Academy. The movement was inaugurated by a group of county citizens, who realized the need of an institution of this kind for a more advanced training than that supplied by the scattered and irregular subscription schools. Trustees named in the Act were Judge John Young, John Morrison, John M. Snowden, Rev. William Speer, Thomas McGuire, Dr. James Postlethwait, Dr. David Marchand, and Thomas Hodge. The trustees were to serve no longer than four years in the same manner and time as members of the Legislature. The sum of $1,000 was appro- priated by the Assembly toward the expense of erecting the building and $1,000 additional to be invested, the income to apply toward compensa- tion for a teacher. When sufficient funds were collected by popular subscription, the trustees purchased one acre and 149.5 perches near the borough of Greensburg from William Best for $115.00; the deed being dated Decem- ber 13, 1811. The site selected was one of the most commanding locations in proximity of the borough since known as Academy Hill. It is on this ground that the new high school and second ward school building are located. A substantial two-story brick structure with windows on the east and west sides was erected. It also had a commodious entrance. There were four rooms for dwelling purposes on the first floor and two large school rooms and a studio for the teacher on the second floor. The Academy opened on June 3, 1811 with William Clarke as the preceptor. In addition to the higher English language, he also taught Greek and Latin. His compensation was $60.00 per annum with free use of the first floor for dwelling rooms. Both young men and women were accepted as students, each occupying separate school rooms. One teacher taught both rooms. There were three terms of twelve weeks during the year, starting in January, June and October. During the summer of 1817, thirty-four young men and forty young women attended. Tuition rates for a full term was $5.00 for the classical and $3.00 for the English branches with boarding in the Academy including light and fire at $1.50 per week. The list of teachers, all of whom were of scholarly attainment, -48- 1949 follows: William Clarke, 1811-12; James Coe, 1813; William Heaton, 1814; Joseph McCarrell, 1815; Johnathan Findlay, 1816-19; Mr. Smith, 1820; Mr. Lucus, 1821-24; Thomas Will, 1825-35; James Jones, 1836-38; Thomas Farnesworth, 1838-39; John Lloyd, Rev. A. Ames, 1840; William W. Woodent, 1841-43; John W. Duff, 1842; Thomas J. Keenan, Rev. Samuel Sherwell, 1844-45; John Campbell, 1846; Rev. Samuel Sherwell, 1847-49; and Rev. William D. Moore in 1850. Many students of the old Academy attained high stations in life; reflecting credit upon both their teachers and alma mater. Among these were Governor William Freame Johnston; U. S. Senator Edgar Cowan; Hon. Albert G. Marchand; Hon. Augustus Drum; Hon. Thomas Williams of Allegheny City; Hon. Henry D. Foster; Hon. Jacob Turney; Judge J. M. Burrell; Judge Thomas Mellon, later Pittsburgh financier; Hon. Peter G. Shannon, a judge of the Allegheny county courts and subsequently chief justice of the Supreme Court of Dakota, and Brigadier General Richard C. Drum of the U. S. Army. The Academy was completely destroyed by fire on the night of July 2, 1850; nothing remaining of the building but a mass of debris and shattered walls of the foundation. The origin of the fire was never definitely determined. EARLY SUBSCRIPTION SCHOOLS There are no records of the number of subscription schools that were conducted in Greensburg between 1800 and 1837 when the common school system was established. Each teacher acted independ- ently and was responsible only to the parents of the pupils. Therefore, as a rule no records were kept. Parents met at some designated place, determined upon the expediency of securing a room, engaging a teacher to instruct their children and fixed the amount of tuition. The Greensburg and Indiana Register on February 5, 1814, con- tained the following notice: "Parents and others interested in the educa- tion of youth are requested to meet at the home of Abraham Horbach in the borough on Monday next at 10 o'clock A. M., for the purpose of consulting and fixing on a suitable teacher." The Greensburg Gazette on April 2, 1819 published this notice: "A TEACHER WANTED: A person of respectable character and com- petent qualifications for teaching the various branches of an English education is wanted to take charge of the borough school in Greensburg. Applications to be made immediately to the Burgesses, trustees of the school." 1799 Ephraim Carpenter opened a school in the building of James Shields in the autumn of 1814 and also conducted an evening school with classes from six to nine P. M. A Mrs. McGill taught a private school for young women during the winter of 1815-16 and the following spring and summer; tuition being $8.00 a quarter. Robert Williams, whose parents resided in Greensburg, taught school in the borough for six or eight years beginning in 1807. George Rohrer was a resident school- master here from 1816 to 1820. Gad H. Tower and John Armstrong taught mathematics in this district in 1823. Others who taught from 1823 to 1825 were R. E. Stoxie, Edward Geary, Samuel L. Carpenter and D. C. Morris. James Goddard conducted a night school for English branches in 1826 and William McGowan instructed pupils in the borough school in 1827. Miss Lydia Biddle taught small children in a log building, now the site of the Methodist Church, at Second and Maple Avenue in 1828-29. Robert N. Somerville was master of the subscription school in the borough school house in 1828-29. He was succeeded by W. G. Torrence in 1830 and the early part of 1831. Abel R. Corbin followed in the autumn of 1831 teaching rhetoric, algebra ad chemistry. Peter R. Pear- soll opened a school in the spring of 1830 and in addition to the regular subjects, instructed his pupils in piano and other musical instruments. Maurice Scanlon instructed at the borough school in 1832. John Nevin opened a school in 1833 for the instruction of both ladies and gentlemen. Robert Montgomery taught a day and night school here in 1834, and Lazarus B. McClain taught in 1836. Miss Emily P. Drum taught a select school here from 1845 to 1860. COMMON SCHOOL INDICATED In 1809, a law was passed which provided for the education of the poor, gratis, and Westmoreland County began in 1814 to pay the sum of $64.13 to a schoolmaster for teaching poor children. The sum was increased year to year until in 1836 it amounted to $588.44. Persons not in sympathy with schools that admitted such pupils referred to them as pauper schools." A Sunday School association opened the old Greensburg Academy on Sunday morning in 1816 and taught youths of all classes free. Adults were admitted and instructed without cost. The funds necessary were provided by members and by voluntary subscriptions. -49- 1949 I Dick Coulter, 2 Harry Yount, 3 Charles White, 4 Jacob Ehalt, 5 Ed Becktold, 6 Will Keenan, 7 Bushyeager, 8 Harry Washbaugh, 9 Johi Bushyeaqer, 10 Joe Knappenberger, 11 Minnie Hoffer, 12 Jes Lohi 13, Gert Dennman, 14 , 15 Kate Wallace, 16 Bern Diffinbaucher, 17 Joe Guffey, 18-19 Macqy Crosby, 20 Laura Butlei 21 Minnie Geary, 22 Sine Miller, 23 Hattie Lane, 24 Lizzie Sarvex 25 Lucy Cowan, 26 Laura Cope. 27 Charlev Baker, 28 Mowrv Turney 29 Fisher, 30 Kate Borlin, 31 Will Clark, 32 Minnie Caldwell, 33 Ka, Portser, 34 Will Boomer - Kate Roley, teacher. ENACTMENT OF SCHOOL LAW The Act of Assembly enacted what is known as the common school law in 1834. It had far reaching effect concerning the conduct and establishment of schools throughout the state but before generally accepted by the electorate it brought one of the most heated and hotly contested political battles ever witnessed up to that time. Citizens as a rule were evenly and firmly divided on the issue but as required by the Act, Sheriff Samuel L. Carpenter, issued a proclama- tion fixing the third Friday in September 1834 for the election. It failed to pass in Greensburg by three votes. In November, however, twenty delegates and the two county commissioners held a meeting in th court house to agree on a county tax for school purposes as provided. The vote was 11 to 11 and the convention adjourned sine die. One county commissioner voted for and the other against. Provisions in the Act were opposed more so than the law itself, opponents terming it "an obnoxious law." When the new law was amended in 1836, nearly all the opposition to the original law of 1934 vanished. Another county convention was held on May 2, 1836. A county tax for school purposes was levied equal to that of the county tax at that time. The residents of Greensburg, however, went further. On May 21, they voted to pay double the county tax for school purposes instead of the smaller amount approved at the county convention. The first term under the common school law began in Greensburg on February 13, 1837 and provided for a term of six months. Three schools were equipped and placed in operation. James Jones, Peter R. Pearsoll, and Mrs. Mary Foster were the teachers. Mr. Jones conducted 1799 The District School his school in the old Academy building; Mr. Pearsoll was in charge of the old borough school, while Mrs. Foster instructed children at her home. Members of the first school board in Greensburg under the common school law were: John Kuhns, Daniel Kiehl, John H. Isett, Peter Rummell, John Y. Barclay and Joseph H. Kuhns. The board issued notice to parents and guardians, who desired to send any of their children to school to hand either of the directors, a written application. Children above the age of four were to be admitted to school. The hours of instruction were from 9 to 12 A. M., and from 2 to 4 P. M., with vacation on Saturday afternoon. Parents and guardians were notified not to interfere in the government of the schools and were requested to send their children to school at the stated hours. Pupils who absented themselves for two days in succession forfeited their place in the school until they received a vote of admission by the school board. Parents and guardians were to be held responsible for any damage to school room furniture or stationery incurred by students. Persons of color were not admitted. The court house bell was to be rung at nine A.M., and two P. M. each day as an aid toward regulating the hours of school. Several months later the hours of school were changed, sessions continuing three hours in the morning and three hours in the afternoon starting at eight A. M. and one P. M. FIRST STATE APPROPRIATION The state appropriation for the year ending the first Monday in June, 1837 was $200,000.00 of which the Greensburg School District received $109.40. For the school year beginning in June, 1838, it was estimated a sum of $560.00 over and above the regular tax and amount of state appropriation would be needed and upon proper notice, the taxable persons of Greensburg at a meeting on the first day of May in conformity to the law agreed to increase the school tax for raising this amount. On May 5, 1840, it was decided by ballot that the common school system in Greensburg should be continued. For some unknown reason there was no school board in Greensburg and no common school in operation from May 1, 1841 to May, 1843. On this last date, a new board of directors was elected, the schools again opened and have continued without interruption since that time. The General Assembly approved an Act on April 12, 1838 which 1 949 provided an annual appropriation to each academy with twenty-five or more students, who were taught the Greek and Roman Classics, Mathe- matics and English or German literature. The purpose was to encourage students seeking a higher education than provided by the common schools. With this aid, the Greensburg Female Seminary was incorporated and opened September 3, 1838. Trustees were: Rev. N. P. Hacke, Rev. J. M. Steck, Rev. Robert Henry, A. G. Marchand, John Y. Barclay, Joseph H. Kuhns, William McKinney, S. B. Bushfield, John Morrison, J. M. Burrell, John Kuhns and Jehu Taylor. The first principal was Rev. J. L. Harrison, who was rector of the Episcopal Church. Miss S. A. Burton became principal in 1842 and continued until 1843. In that year, state appropriations to academies and seminaries were greatly reduced because of other great improvements in the state and as a result the Greensburg Seminary which had always admitted female students was forced to close. Once the line for the Pennsylvania Railroad was established, it became evident that the school house located just south of the proposed railroad would soon have to be abandoned. Besides, the one room building was too small for the steadily increasing number of pupils. EXPANSION OF BOROUGH SCHOOLS The school board in May 1848 purchased a lot 30 by 93 east side of South Main Street owned by Henry D. Foster but building operations for the proposed new school had poned because the tax collector failed to make settlement. feet on the for $110.00 to be post- The trustees of the Methodist Church in November 1849 offered to sell a lot on the opposite side of the street on which they had erected in 1832 a church for $610.00 and accept the Foster lot as part payment. Agreement to that effect was concluded and keys and deeds exchanged in April 1850. After remodeling, the church building was placed in use in May of that year. School was continued in the old borough school until July when because of the danger due to the blasting of rock for the railroad then under construction the school was temporarily closed. A terrific storm, in November 1851, damaged the school building on South Main Street so badly it was deemed beyond repair and the need for a new building was found imperative. A contract was let to George T. Ramsey in June 1852 for $1,300.00 to -50- 1799 erect a two-story brick structure in South Main Street, Samuel B. Ramsey assuming the contract and completing the building. It was occupied for the first time as a school on the first Monday of September 1853. When the second ward building was erected ten years later, the district school as it-was known to distinguish it from the borough school was sold to Israel Uncapher, who transformed it into a dwelling. The board of directors in 1852 at the time of the erection of the District School house were: Thomas J. Barclay, John Armstrong, Jr., John W. Turney, Daniel Welty, Samuel S. Turney, and Simon Detar. Notice was served on the Burgesses by the board of directors in the spring of 1857 that because of the noisy location and limited space, it was decided to abandon the old borough school house. The property was then transferred to the St. Clair Cemetery Association on May 29, 1857. ACADEMY GROUNDS SECURED The school board then bought a lot from John Kuhns, Sr., for $475.00 at the corner of Main and Third Streets for the purpose of erecting a school house. A movement was afoot to extend the borough limits beyond Tunnel Street-the new boundaries to include the ground of the old Greensburg Academy which had fallen into bad repute as a resort for disorderly characters, the ground having been used for county fairs, circuses ad horse races. Under these conditions, the acquisition of the old academy ground suggested itself. On March 30, 1860, by an act of Assembly, the borough lines were extended and included the acad- emy lot. Formal action followed to have the property transferred to the Greensburg School District. A review of the question disclosed that such a transaction would be of benefit to both the school district and the old academy as well. Under the acts of assembly of April 17, 1861 and April 11, 1862, the trustees of the old academy agreed and signed the deed dated May 20, 1862 which after being approved in open court became the property of the borough school district. In addition to the ground $1,850.00 in cash was received. Immediately plans were made for the erection of a new modern school building. The school lot at the corner of Main and Third Streets was sold for $450.00 and the District school house on South Main Street for $831.00. With these sums abetting the treasury, a contract was let to Lyon and Bierer on June 12, 1862 for the construction of a new school building on academy hill the amount of the contract being $9,400.00. Four large rooms were on the first floor and two school rooms and an office for the principal on the second floor together with an assembly room 45 by 60 feet. A 1949 sharp increase in materials and labor due to the Civil War and additional cost for furnishings increased the original contract to $12,000.00. This school was occupied for school purposes in July, 1863. The four rooms on the lower floor were adapted for common school with John N. Cladwell, Joseph S. Walthour and Miss Maria Baughman and Isabella J. Williams as teachers. The upper floor was designed with view of another academy, but although repeated efforts were made during the first two years the school was opened, the movement for an academy was not attended with success and finally became abandoned. HIGH SCHOOL ESTABLISHED Failure to re-establish the academy was followed by the introduction of a high school course in the spring of 1864. The new academy as it was known for considerable time after its completion was built under the direction of the following members of the school board: Jacob Turney, James C. Clarke, C. R. Painter, J. C. McCausland, Thomas J. Barclay and Alexander Kilgore. The school board purchased an additional strip of land from Leopold Furtwangler in February 1876 for $2,900.00 which added 109 by 205 feet to the ground acquired from the trustees of the old academy. STUDENTS IN ROOM 12 (HIGH SCHOOL) (1889) First row:-Philomena Seibold, Carrie Alcorn, Edith McWilliams, Nellie Brown, Stella Hunter, Eleanor Morehead, India Gunnett. Second row:-Belle Chambers, Mona Harrison, Mary Metzgar, Adah Musick, Jennie Chamberlain, Kitty Evertt, Agnes Hammer, Bertha Myers. Third row:-Wm. T. Dom, Robert Wible, Hvdie Wentling, Bess Walker, Ethel Fretz, Carrie Turney, Bella Kelly, Mary Laird, Nannie Horrel, Elizabeth Bick, Bruce Gill. Back row:-Chas. Machesney, Chas. Saxman, Wm. S. Rial, Shirley Harnett, Miss Sue Weitzell, teacher. -51- ~c 7 ~< ~7~7 ~7 ~kr;7~7~7~ 7 7~ 7 77 7 77 7 77777777777 777 77777777777 77 777 77~77 7777 7 7777 7777777777777 > ~7> 7>~7.77II77~P>777 77 >~/7~> 77 7 >7 77>7 777>77 ~ 77. '~~ ~ 777777777 - 777 77~ .77... 77 ~ 77 77 777 7 7 77 777 777 77 /777777 77777 77777 ~ 7> 7777 77777>77>7<7777777 77 7.7777<774.77 >.~../77777<777 77 777777 7 7 7777 777 7 7 7 7 777777 7 7777A>77771 7777777 ~ 77777777 777 7777 7777777 ~~~~~~~~~<~~>~~~~7~.~< 777777777 777777 7 7 77 777 77 7 777 7 7 7>7 7777777 7777177 7 7 ~ 7 777 17 ~ .77 777 7>77.7777777 ~ 777777 4 7777 77 7777 777777777 77>77 7 777777 7777 7777 7 7 7 77 777777 777 7 777 77 7 7>777 7. 77 7777777 7777 777 77777777 7 7 7 7777 7 7 777 7 777 7 777 7 7717 7 77 7 777777 777777 777 7 7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 77 77 7 77 77 7 7 7 7 7777777 777777 77 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 777 71777 777177 7 7 7 7 7 77 77 7777 7777777 7 777 7 7777 77 7 777777 77777 77771777 77777<7771777777 777777777777777777777 777777 4~:777<777P~. 77 777 7 7 77 _ 7 7 7 7 7 7 777 77 777. 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 777 777 7 7 7 7 7 777 77777 7 7777 77 4~ 77 7 7 77 7 77 777777 7 7 7 77 77 7 7777777 77 7 7777777 77 777 77 477 7 7 77 7 777777777 77 7 7777 7777 777 7 77777 77 7 7777 7777~~ 1 >777 77 77 77 77777777 777777777 7 7 7 7 7 77 777 77 77777 7 17 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 77> 4 di ~Hag ch q. 1799 A 1949 -Il Il1 a'l The addition gave the school grounds a frontage on Main Street of 550 feet extending back to Maple Avenue with an equal frontage on that street. ERECTED GRAMMAR SCHOOL With completion of the railroad in 1852 and again at the close of the Civil War, the population of Greensburg started to grow more rapidly. It became apparent to members of the school board in 1881 that additional facilities for school purposes must again be provided. As a result, a plot of land was purchased from Hon. James C. Clarke, at Third and Euclid Avenue on October 11, 1881 for $4,000.00 The lot had a frontage of 152 feet and a depth of 300 feet. The owner also donated a sufficient strip of land to extend Fourth Street along the south side of the lot from Euclid through to Pennsylvania Avenue. To meet the cost of building, bonds in the amount of $21,500.00 were issued; the construction job being awarded to Louis W. Bott on April 10, 1883 for the sum of $20,447. The new school was of brick and stone with lower oom No. 7 --- 4th Ward - 1913 hn Theurer, Rhea Robinson, Robert E. Lee, Marian Alms, Theodore mmer, Edward Kimmel, Arthur Small, Percy Steiner, John Arthur omas, Tohn Alms, Robert Thompson, John Grant, Elma Eisaman. hn W. Pollins, Adam Thomas, Sarah Lynch, Annabelle Solly, Margaret tchell, Martha Pollins, Zeta Dorsey, Margaret Anderson, Madeline ith Strohters. th Heath, Katharine Turney, Mary Nolan, Penelope Evans, Graff, nette Palletta, Fanny King, Kitty Walthour. ck Palletta, Ray Miller. Clarence Parks, Ralph Brewer, Abe Altman, rthur Kirk, James Ficco. Harry Herr Fisher, promin lawyer at one time principal Ludwick school. walls 18 inches thick. Its over-all dimensions were 861/2 by 66v2 feet. Eight well lighted rooms 25 by 35 feet were provided with hallways twelve feet wide connecting the cloak rooms. The heating and ventilat- ing system was most modern. The spacious lawn, trees, shrubs, and flower plots gave the school an ideal setting. It was first occupied by students in 1884. Members of the school board at that time were: John Latta, Joseph J. Johnston, Eli Beck, J. J. Wirsing, James S. Moorhead and John Highberger. FIFTH WARD SCHOOL The borough of Bunker Hill was incorporated December 10, 1887 and the officials elected at the general election, the third Tuesday, of February 1888. Included in the corporate limits was a one room school house which had been erected by Hempfield township. During the survey for a site of a more commodious building, the borough school was conducted in the one room building. BUNKER HILL SCHOOL On April 1, 1889, the Bunker Hill school directors purchased from Uriah G. Kemp for the sum of $1,100 two lots fronting on Spring Street for a distance of 100 feet and extending to an alley on the west, a depth of 170 feet. The location was more central than that of the one room school house. On these lots, the school board composed of J. C. Rohrbacher, Lewis Sanders, Adam Deemer, John Rohrbacher, John S. Eicher and Amos Hutchinson shortly afterward contracted with Robert Fulton to erect a two story brick building for school purposes, involving an expenditure of approximately $7,000.00. This fund was realized by means of a bond issue of similar amount. The building consisted of four large rooms, two large halls and broad stairway. Through diligent work, the building was sufficiently completed for school purposes in the autumn of 1889. The one room brick building was sold, and the new owner converted it into a dwelling. When the borough of Bunker Hill merged with her sister borough of Greensburg in 1894, this school became known as the Fifth Ward or Bunker Hill school building. A number of important changes and im- provements were made shortly after the two boroughs combined. Two Edward H. Bair, prominent business man at one time prin- cipal of Ludwick School. -53- I i lee IF! 1799 1949 FOREWORD The commemorating of one hundred and fifty years since the founding of a city, town or community almost naturally calls for a recording or an historical resume of events during this long span of years. Greensburg, which this year is celebrating its sesqui-centennial, has every reason to be proud of its origin and growth. Nothing is more appropriate than to gather the facts as accurately as possible and put them into print, not only for the edification of our present citizenry, but also for posterity. Naturally the assembling and editing of material for a history of this magnitude was a monumental task, one demanding the resources of many capable writers. The selection of the Westmoreland County Historical Society to gather the facts and the hundreds of pictures used in this history, was not one of chance, but was the result of much deliberation and study. The work of years was crowded into a few short months and the success of its efforts we are content to leave with the reader. In the publication of this comprehensive history of our City we are indeed indebted to James Gregg, President of the Westmoreland County Historical Society and his staff of editors, to the Chas. M. Henry Print- ing Company for their artistic duo-tone printing and modern binding, and to all who contributed the hundreds of old-time prints herein pro- duced. GEORGE E. BERRY, General Chairman Greensburg Sesqui-Centennial 1799 additional lots adjoining the original property were purchased from the same owner for $1,000.00 on October 31, 1894 increasing the Spring Street frontage to 190 feet and materially enhancing the value of the school property in that ward. The school district inherited a four room brick school building when the borough of Ludwick in June 1906 decided to consolidate with the town of Greensburg. According to the record the original land for a school was purchased from Jacob and Lena Klee on April 5, 1880 for the sum of $2,000. An additional piece of property adjacent was purchased from W. F. and Alice M. Overly for $866.66 on September 20, 1923. Directors at that time were: David Tinstman, Robert B. Kenley, George Smail, John M. Zimmerman, Josiah Maxwell, and David Fisher. In 1927, in order to accommodate the growing number of pupils decided to increase the capacity of the school to 500 students. C. C. Compton, was engaged as the architect, the general contract for the construction of a new building being awarded to the B. R. Fulmer Company. The new building complete represented an investment of $149,833. The eighth ward school was erected in 1907. It was an eight room brick structure suitable for 250 pupils. The arichitect engaged was W. G. Sloan, J. E. Myers of Penn was awarded the general building contract. The ground was purchased for $1,800. The new school building itself being constructed for $28,159. The seventh ward school absorbed the attention of the school directors in 1908. The land was purchased from E. H. Bair as a site for the structure for the sum of $12,500. The McCormick Lumber Com- pany was given the general contract, W. G. Sloan again being engaged as the architect. The new building was planned to accommodate 250 pupils and was erected for $32,700. The population in the eighth ward continued to grow with a large number of new homes having been erected on Hillcrest and Orchard avenue. The long trek from these residences to the eighth ward school created a serious hazard for the smaller children. These conditions in- fluenced the school board to plan for a new building. Land for the new building was purchased for $27,009. The transactions with three different owners were completed in September 1927. The new Rughton school on Summit street was erected the following year. Cavalier Brothers were awarded the general contract, Walter Kough being engaged as the architect. The total investment for this school amounted to $107,082. 1949 With a very large increase in the number of pupils when school opened on September 9, 1895, facilities for an additional 100 pupils were provided in the basements of the Nos. 1 and 2 school buildings, which had been occupied as dwellings by the janitors. Other rooms, however, remained crowded and with the compulsory educational law approved in May to become effective the ensuing school term, it was apparent an additional school building was necessary. NEW HIGH SCHOOL A committee of citizens was appointed to inquire into the subject and make report to the school board which they did on November 18. After thoughtful discussion, it was decided to erect a new structure on the old academy grounds with accommodations for 150 high school students and 200 pupils in the preparatory grades. Since the Greensburg district under covenant provided in the grant of the old Academy was obligated to admit students from surrounding districts, it was realized by the directors that special account for accommodations of high school students should be taken in the construction of the new building. W. S. Frazer of Pittsburgh was engaged as the architect to draw plans with specifications for a new building as outlined by the board. Bids for construction were opened on May 5, 1896 but as all offers for the erection of the new school exceeded the sum which the directors felt warranted to spend, all bids were rejected. After the plans were alterated and certain changes made, bids again were solicited. These were opened on June 1, 1896. As a result the firm of Kennedy, Hamilton and Fair proved to be the lowest bidders and were awarded the contract for erecting the new school building for the sum of $58,027.00. Ground was broken on Tuesday, June 16, 1896. James Wentzell of Greensburg was engaged by the school board to supervise the work as their repre- sentative. Directors at the time the new high school was determined upon and during the course of its construction were: Joseph H. Johnston, James S. Moorhead, A. M. Sloan, John M. Jamison, John M. Zimmerman, B. F. Vogle, C. T. Barnhart, T. F. Lyon, Theodore Hammer, Leonard Keck, Sr., George H. Hugus, Curtis H. Gregg, Jesse Hunter, H. M. Zundel and R. D. Wolff. Funds to meet the cost of construction were provided by a bond issue of $74,000.00 to bear five per cent interest with the holder to pay the state tax; the duration of the bonds being from five to thirty years. In addition to the cost of erecting the new high school building, part of the bonds were sold to redeem $15,000 of the bonded indebtedness incurred by the school district in the erection of the No. 2 school building in the -54- 1 799 Fourth ward and financial obligations acquired as a result of the con- solidation of the school district with that of Bunker Hill borough. Due to exceptionally bad weather during the summer, but through no fault of the contractors or their workmen, time necessary to complete the building had to be extended beyond the date of the original con- tract. The magnificent new temple of learning was finally completed in August and was ready for occupancy for the school term which opened on September 6, 1897. MAGNIFICENT BUILDING Four school rooms 26 by 39 feet were provided on the first floor, together with a library 25 by 50 feet which also served as a room for the directors. On the second floor were two recitation rooms 26 by 39 feet in dimension, a physical labratory 25 by 30 feet and an assembly room 52 by 40 feet in size. Four stairways, each eight feet wide, led to the second and third floors, two being at each end of the main building. The main hall on the first floor was 15 feet wide with the entrance hall 22 feet in width. Only the finest and best materials available were utilized in con- struction. This included 200 tons of structural steel, oak wood finish, hard, white plaster, electric light, gas and city water. The surrounding grounds were in keeping with the new structure which was built and equipped with all interior furnishings for a total outlay of about $87,000. The main auditorium on the third floor had a seating capacity of 1150 and was 79 by 84 feet wide. It was the scene of county institutes for quite a number of years and from whose rostrum many of the most prominent educators in the nation delivered inspiring and instructive lectures to the teachers. It was the largest auditorium in the county for assemblies of this kind. MILLION DOLLAR HIGH SCHOOL Admittedly, the Greensburg school board had invested a large sum in land and buildings in keeping with the growth of the city but all this was only making road for the construction of a new high school as a final masterpiece. Gradually, the three story high school erected in 1896 was being over crowded. Many of the townships were sending their students to the local high school on a tuition basis. It was apparent that a new and larger high school building was needed. The first step was the purchase 1949 Dr. Thomas Stone March, longtime Superintendent of Schools of two houses and lots; one owned by the heirs of Israel Glunt, and the other by John E. and Alice W. Kunkle. On each lot was a large residence that had to be razed to make room for the new structure. The properties were purchased for the sum of $65,351.49. At the June 1918 meeting of the Greensburg school board, a resolu- tion was passed to deny the use of the high school to non-resident pupils (who were not in attendance in 1917-18.) An equity suit was begun by S. T. Lopes and other residents of Hempfield township to restrain the school from excluding their children. The suit was well contested and eventually reached the Supreme Court of the United States where on October 8, 1923 for lack of juris- diction, the court dismissed the appeal from the decision of the State Supreme Court which had affirmed Judge A. D. McConnell, who had granted an injunction restraining the school board from excluding, the non-resident children. The ground for the decision which has affected this city more than any other action, was that at the time of the deed of the old Academy building, May 20, 1862, the school directors agreed to admit the children of citizens of Westmoreland county to any high school erected on the premises upon payment of the same tuition which it cost the district per student to keep the high school in operation. The school board in 1920, suffered from the same inhibition that has possessed public bodies in Greensburg for a century and half: unwillingness to acquire sufficient land for public purposes. Instead of purchasing land on which to build a high school adequate for the -55- 1799 town, it used the old Academy grounds on which it was forced to spend a million dollars to build a school large enough to contain the large number of pupils from all over the county, who would use the facilities. The school board was composed at that time of the following mem- bers: Paul S. Barnhart, Albert H. Bell, Dr. Ida Blackburn, Dr. R. J. Feightner, R. D. Laird, Dr. L. W. Wilson, and James M. Offutt. The general contract was awarded to the National Fireproofing Company and Maurice Kressley was employed as architect. Work was started in 1924, the building being completed in 1927. It was dedicated May 24, 1927. Appropriate ceremonies were con- ducted in the afternoon and evening. Attorney Bell delivered the principal address in the afternoon and Robert D. Shaw, deputy state superintendent of schools was the speaker in the evening. Rev. R. D. Esenwein gave the invocation and pronounced the benediction at the first session and Rev. Lawrence E. Bair, for the evening program. The new high school is a million dollar building. The total cost amounted to $1,041,121.08. It has 43 class rooms with an average seat- ing capacity of 35. There are five vocational shops, beside laboratories for chemistry and physics, and for modern home making units. In addition there is a large gymnasium and swimming pool and an auditor- ium with a seating capacity of 1,650. The auditorium is equipped with a fine public address system, theatrical stage, with loft and counter balance which enables the school to offer productions of merit unhandi- capped by inadequate space or lack of materials. Many community activities have been held in the large auditorium which has proven a valuable asset in the community life of the city. Reading, writing and arithmetic was about the limit of subjects taught in the little log school first erected in St. Clair park. When that is compared to the curriculum today, it almost startles the reader. At the present time students in addition to courses preparatory to entering college may select, vocational training in electricity, drafting, machine shop, auto mechanics, wood work; commercial training in stenography, bookkeeping and machine operation; home making; pre-nursing educa- tion; languages, Latin, German, French or Spanish; Art, mechanical drawing; music, vocal or instrumental, besides students have the op- portunity for training in the field of salesmanship. The peak year in school attendance was reached in 1938-39, when the enrollment totaled 4,022; 2,137 in the elementary grades, 251 in kindergarten school and 1,855 students in the high school. During the 1949 Left to right, John W. Pollins, Maurice C. Barnhart, William G. Burhenn Samuel C. Bulick, Superintendent; William 0. Peterson, President Doris L. Mesich, Secretary; Paul O. Marsh, A. L. McClintock, Fred M McIntyre. present year, 1948, the total enrollment of 3,287 was divided with 231 in kindregraten; 1,709 in the elementary classes and 1,598 in high school. The first class graduated from Greensburg high school was in 1881 and consisted of two members. They were Mrs. George Blank, nee Kate Roley and Miss Ida Stewart. Charter members of the Alumni Association of the Greensburq Higi School taken in 1889. -56- 1799 1949 Roster of Teachers of Greensburg Public Schools The following roster includes the names of all teachers of the Greensburg public schools, except high school teachers for the year 1886 and grade school teachers for the years 1841-42 and from 1854 to 1892 for which years no record is available:- SUPERINTENDENTS Adam M. Wyant 1897-1901 E. J. Shives 1902-1904 Thomas S. Marsh 1905-1911 Dr. J. Alleman 1911-1917 Thomas S. Marsh 1918-1934 William H. Mcllhattan 1934-1941 S. B. Bulick 1941- HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPALS J. N. Caldwell 1864--1865 F. N. Barwell 1866 M. B. Gaut 1867--1870 J. M. Foster 1871-1872 Samuel Bailey 1873--1874 A. D. McConnell 1875 J. R. Speigel 1876-1877 Abraham Freeman 1878 Rev. J. J. Sharp 1879--1883 Z. X. Snyder 1884--1887 N. M. Feneman 1888--1890 H. B. Twitmire 1892-1893 F. H. Shaw 1894-1895 Adam M. Wyant 1896 C. E. Heller 1897-1900 Orton Lowe 1902-1903 Frank D. Miller 1904 Frank E. Baker 1905-1907 Ben G. Graham 1908-1909 Glen C. Heller 1910 J. B. Geissinger 1911-1917 John W. Cummins 1918-1995 Walter A. Gensbigler 1926-1943 Samuel W. Jacobs 1945- ASSISTANT PRINCIPAL HIGH SCHOOL Edna L. McFarland 1926- TEACHERS Abraham Mr. 1910-1911 Adair, Mary 1921-1926 Agnew, Carlisle M. 1938- Ason, Olga A. 1921-1949 Albert, Margaret B. 1906-1917 Alcorn, Ruth 1919-1920 Alleman, J. H. 1912-1917 Allen, Florence, 1908-1915 Allison, E!la M. 1909-1937 Anderson, Margaret 1942-1943 Andrews, D. C. 1912-1913 Andriessen, Miss 1896--1897 Andrews, Ruth 1945- Antonson Genevieve, 1944- Arnold Charles L. 1902-1902 Avey, Clarence, 1920-1923 Avis, Mr. 1913 Avis, Walter, 1915-1917 Beer, Emma 1893-1908 Exc. 1901 Beer, Gladys 1934-1940 Bailey, Kathleen 1919-1922 Bailey, Kathryn 1917-1918 Bailey, Margaret L. 1912-1925 Exc. 1919 Bailey, Mary 1932-1934 Bailey, Samuel 1873--1874 Bair, Laura 1938-1942 Bair, Maggie B. 1897-1899 Baird, Averesta 1928-1930 Baird, Elizabeth D. 1906-1909 Baird, Virginia 1938-1942 Baker, Alice, 1895--1898 Baker, Frank E. 1905--1907 Bardwell, F. N. 1866--1867 Barnhart, Audrey 1930-1932 Barnhart, Edna 1924-1928 Barnhart, Elizabeth A. 1936-1945 Barnhart, Valma 1930-1932 Bartusek, Mary A. 1948-1949 Berquist Marjorie 1946-1948 Barron, Frank F. 1912-1934 Barron, George E. 1901-1902 Barron, H. C. 1912-1913 Barron, Helen 1935- Barron, (Miss) 1894--1895 Bartges, Harry I 1936-1937 Bartusek, Mary A. 1929-1943 Bateson, Lulu 1920-1921 Bauer, Arthur 1930-1939 Bauer, Evelyn 1929-1937 Baughman, (Miss) 1854--1854 Beamer, John F. 1942- Beech. Harold F. 1946- Bell, Eleanor 1918-1919 Bell, Hugh M. 1911-1914 Bennett, Mabel 1909-1915 Benson Carl 1930-1933 Berns f H. 1918-1919 Best, Lucy L. 1920-1945 Exc. 1994 Best, William 1921-1922 Beswarick, Catherine 1922-1924 Bittner, Lucy M. 1930-1932 Blackburn, Elizabeth 1906-1913 Blackson, Betty J. (Mrs.) 1942-1946 Blair, Mabel 1909-1911 Blair, Sara 1927-1933 Blank, Katherine 1912-1915 Blakeney, Irene 1911- Blattenberger, Jane Dorn 1914-1935 Bloom, Floyd 1944- Bloomquest, Andrew R. 1929-1930 Blose, Rachel R. 1916-1920 3lyholder, Hannah 191 2-1991 3odycombe, Haydn 1937-1947 3ooher Vance E. 1908-1910 3ooz, arl W. 191 2-1916 3ortz, John H. 1903-1916 3ortz, John H. 1903-1916 3ovill, R. V. 1915-1916 3owers, Irene 1912-1915 3owman, Adelia 1937-1939 3oyersmith, Sara 1922-1923 3oyle, Betty Jane 1940-1942 3rabham, Ruby 1922-1927 3ranthover, Mary 1917-1949 3rassington, Eleanor 1926-1997 3ray, Carietta T. 1909-1913 3reck, M. Alice 1905-1906 3redin, Ruth 1923-1926 3roberg, Janet E. 1942-1943 3romer, Edna 1913-1914 3rown, Ann 1947-1948 3rown, Lillian R. 1924-1928 3rowning, John E. 1925-1926 3rowning, Ruth, 1920- 3rumbaugh, Hazel 1922-1923 3runelli, Julia 1931- 3ryan, Delta 1909-1910 3ryan, Retta 1910-1912 3ulick, Samuel B. 1941- 3urgess, Myrtle, 1906-1908 3urket, Clair R. 1945-1946 3urrell, Richard 1936-1937 Burrows, Frances W. 1926-1928 Buterbaugh, Laura 1927-1928 Buttermore, Pearl 1947-1948 Cadzow, Helen 1943-1944 Cairn (Miss) 1893--1894 Caldwell, J. N. 1862-1865 Campbell Georgia 1901-1906 Campbell, Helen L. 1916-1993 Campbell, Helen M. 1917-1948 Exc. from 1918 to 1934 Campbell, John Wm. 1929--1934 Carbaugh, Janet E. 1943-1944 Cameron, Miss 1896-1897 Campbell, Josephine 1923-1930 Carlson, Mabel 1926-1927 Carothers, Elizabeth D. 1903-1907 Carpenter, Mary Lou 1946-1948 Carroll, Elmer Ellsworth, 1921-1997 Carson, Ada M. 1906-1940 Carson, Robert M. 1918-1926 Exc. from 1920 to 1925 Carter, Sarah 1925-1997 Carter, Milton J. 1942-1943 Castle, R. Gladding 1940-1941 Caven, (Miss) 1894-1895 Cavalier, Anne A. 1935-1944 Chamberlain, Bertha 1900-1900 Charbonneau, Irene 1938- Chase, Margaret 1939--1942 Chattaway, Mary 1926-1928 Christy, Jennie 1906 Church, Esther 1945-1946 Clark, Letitia B. 1920-1946 Claypool, Burleigh 1906-1907 Cleaveland, Genevieve F. 1929-1933 Cleaver, Helen E. 1925-1997 Clinch J. Benson 1937-1939 Cline, Alberta 1893-1895 Coad, Helen M. 1922-1925 Cochran, Laura 1892-1904 Exc. from 1896 to 1899 Coder, Lynnette 1920-1993 Coder, (Miss) 1894-1896 Connell, Frances 1932-1933 Conner, Gertrude A. 1939- Collier, Mary Catherine 1947- Corbett, Bess H. 1906-1908 Corbett, Margaret 1921-1924 Corman, Anna 1916-1922 Cort, Jane 1946-1948 Cort, Lucien 1848 Coulter, Rebecca 1843-1845 Cowan, Corinne 1922- Cozza, Jane Rubino 1934--1945 Craig E. Jennie 1906-1912 Exc. from 1907 to 1910 Crait Jennie 1905-1911 Exc. 1909 Craighead, Mary 1893--1894 Cramer, Beulah B. 1923- Cramer, Herbert, 1908-1909 Creamer, H. L. 1909-1912 Crosby R. M. 1912-1918 Cross, Mildred L. 1924-1947 Crownover, Mary Louise 1935--1943 Culbertson, Griffin 1879-1880 Cummins, John W. 1918-1995 Curry, Mrs. Jane B. 1935-1949 Dodson, Grace 1995-1995 Donahy, Florence 1929-1933 Donnelly, Eleanor 1990-1991 Douglass, William P. 1937-1946 Downey, William G. 1931-1937 Doyle, Mary 1925-1927 Dunlap Della 1906-1907 Dunn, Imily 1850--1852 Dailey, Frances 1946- Daily, Helen M. 1934-1941 Dalby, Jessie 1901-1903 Dalby, June E. 1897--1898 Daniel, Willis F. 1923-1924 Davis, Albert i. 1934- Davis, Emma E. 1889--1893 )avis, (Miss) 1892--1894 )avis, Mary C. 1910-1911 )avis, Stanton L. 1919-1990 )awson, Jean 1929-1931 )ay, Mabel 1910-1926 )eemer, (Miss) 1894-1896 )eemer, Mildred 1928-1934 )emoise, Charles 1933-1943 )eMotte, Anna 1926-1929 )enlinger, Christian 1845-1847 )ennie, Ina 1923-1924 )eVaux, S. S. 1916-1918 )eWalt, W. P. 1880--1881 )ickey, Cora A. 1929-1948 Exc. 1 Sem. Dickson, George A. 1902- Dietrich, Revel 1924-1926 Dils, Elizabeth 1948- Dinsmore, Sara M. 1909-1918 Dittmar, Helen 1924-1995 Ditzler, Nora 1900-1904 Dodd, Crystal 1930-1931 Eckart, Emma 1895-1900 Edgar, Wm. 1840 Ehrenfeld, Lorena 1903-1906 Eicher, Romayne 1904-1905 Eicher, Winona G. 1918-1919 Eichler, Mabel S. 1927-1929 Eisaman, Elma C. 1906-1997 Eisaman, Grace K. 1942-1948 Eisaman, Laura 1911-1917 Eisaman, Lewis M. 1937-1942 Eiseman, Mary Alice 1947-1948 Eiseman, Mary Alice 1948- Elder, Bessie 1925-1929 Ellenberger, Georgia 1931-1934 Enany, Helen 1945-1946 Erickson, Emma 1913-1920 Erickson, Evald E. 1924- Erickson, Helen 1945- Ervin, Valera 1927-1931 Evans Eleanor 1903-1937 9xc. 1905 Evans, Ruth D. 1920- Evans, Mrs. William R. 1920-1923 Ewing, Earl 1947- Exley Ruby, 1921-1925 Fair, Miss 1896-1897 Fait, Edna 1909-1912 Faust, Bertram 1917-1918 Fausold, Charles D. 1912 Feightner, Eugenie 1931-1940 Fennell, Irving M. 1914-1915 Fenneman, N. M. 1805--1890 Ferguson, Frank B. 1914-1915 Fields, Catherine R. 1928-1930 Finney, W S. 1890--1894 Fischer, Erma E. 1927-1933 -57- 1799 -ischer Theodora 1936-1943 isher, Betty 1928-1948 :isher, Charles B. 1904-1908 :isher, H. H. 1887--1889 -isher, Nancy 1918-1919 legal, Mary E. 1905-1908 :leming, Mae M. 1912-1917 :letcher Sara E. 1935-1947 :oster, J. M. 1871-1872 :oster, Mary 1844-1849 :owler, Leslie 1907-1916 :rancis, Anita 1909- :ranke, Margaret E. 1926-1927 :rederick, Minnie 1898-1901 -ree, Elma 1922-1923 -reeman, Abraham 1878--1879 :riedel, Bertha 1928-1947 :ulmer, Edith C. 1920-1935 -ullmer, Myra B 1904-1907 -ulton, Anna 1898-1906 :ulton Belle T. 1903-1911 :ultz, baisy M. 1914-1944 Galbraith, Mr. 1839-1840 Gallagher Anna M. 1909-1920 Exc. rom 1910 to 1917 Gallagher, Ida 1906-1907 Gallagher, Winona 1901-1903 Gallagher, (Miss) 1892-1894 Gardner, Carl 1919-1927 Garwood, Evelyn 1903-1905 Gates, Joseph J. 1943-1947 Exc. 1945 Gaut, Arthur E. 1909-1911 Gaut, M. B. 1867-1870 Gensbigler, Walter A. 1926-1939 Gehr, Frank A. 1908-1911 Geissinger, J. B. 1911-1917 Gensbigler Walter A. 1939--1945 Gerhart, Wade H. 1942- Gibson, Helen 1929-1930 Gilchrist, Elizabeth 1918 Gill, Agnes 1937-1942 Glenn, Arthur 1948- Golden Bessie 1904-1909 Good Sara B. 1924-1927 Goodlin, Eleanor 1910-1914 Goodlin, L. Pearl 1911-1920 Goodlin, Mary G. 1918-1932 Goodman, Margaret B. 1924-1925 Goughler, A. D. 1908 Graff, Margaret P. 1925-1935 Graham, Ben G. 1908-1909 Graham, Elfreda 1924-1925 Gray Stanley M. 1926-1927 Graybill Henry 1920-1921 Gregss, dna J. 1909-1913 Greider, Wallace 1902-1925 Exc. 1904 Greves, Alice C. 1930- Griffith, Marie J. 1936- Griffith, W. A. 1882- Griffiths William W. 1927- Grove, Elizabeth 1908-1909 Grubbs, Merle M. 1938-1942 Guffey, Margaret 1901-1903 Guyer, Audrey 1945- Haberlen, Ruth 1946- Hammer, Sam F. 1910-1917 Hanlon, Margaret 1926-1930 Hansel, Blanche 1927-1929 Hanst, Mae 1922-1925 Hanst, Twyla 1922-1927 -arbaugh, Earl 1914-1916 -arman, Winifred 1929-1930 -arding, Gladys 1912-1913 -arkins, John S. 1909-1915 -arleman Mae 1918-1920 -arman, Elda V. 1907-1910 -arper, James M. 1944- -arte, Anna P. 1928-1943 -arte, Ruth 1929-1934 -artman, Irene 1908-1912 -asson, Genevieve D. 1902-1903 -aviland, Earl W. 1916-1917 -ays, Lulu 1922 -ays, Nettle 1922-1947 -azlett, Anna 1892-1898 -azlett, Cordelia 1907-1910 - ebrank, Abigail 1907-1936 -ebrank, Virginia 1917- Exc. from 1920 to 1930 I-efferman, Mary M. 1920- I eller, C. E. 1895-1900 1- eller, Glenn C. 1910-1911 - eller, C. N. 1890-1895 SI-enninger, Arthur 1930-1937 -enrie, S. K. 1882-1883 I- enrie, (Miss) 1894-1895 - enry, Norman E. 1909-1910 - ensel Alma 1916- I- err, \alter E. 1928-1944 I- icks, Elizabeth 1926-1928 I- ighberger, Lydia 1896-1898 l-ighberger, Mary 1940- I- illegass, Henrietta 1904-1911 I- odge (Miss) 1892-1894 I-okman, William Jr. 1928-1934 I-ollingsworth, Mrs. Edna F. 1928- I-ollingsworth, Nannie D. 1906-1908 F-oover, Elizabeth 1930-1937 -opkins, Irene 1924-1935 Home, Claire 1927 Hough, Ardis 1943-1944 Houston, Jennie 1899-1939 Exc. from 1913 to 1931 - ovis, Josephine 1925-1937 I- oward, Ortha M. 1935-1942 - oy, Edythe 1928-1933 Fudson, Ethel G. 1916- FI- ugus, R. Ellen 1897-1928 - unter, Mr. 1922-1923 FI- umphreys, Mary Charlotte, 1921-1923 - unter, Mr. 1922-1923 I- uston, Agnes L. 1897-1901 I-utton L. S. 1915 Imboden, Samuel H. 1921-1922 Insley, Roy F. 1926-1927 Irving, Alice 1918-1919 Irwin, Rhetta 1905-1912 Isenberg, Marian V. 1946-1948 Jacobs, Florence 1948- Jacobs, Samuel W. 1945- Jacobson Alice E. 1930-1937 Jacoby, Jessie I. Potts 1929-1930 Jacoby, William 1926-1930 Jackson, Dale P. 1946- Jamison, Olive A. 1928-1929 Johnson, Louise 1918-1919 Johnston, H. Louise 1919-1920 Johnston, Katherine 1926- Jones, Edward G. 1930-1931 Jones, Mary 1920-1921 Jones, Ruth 1927-1935 Jones, (Mr.) 1836-1837 1949 .Jopling, Kathryn J. 1920-1921 Jordan, Josephine 1930-1934 Kaufmann Dorothy 1935-1937 Kearney, Edward 1938-1942 Keck, Kathryn 1917-1921 (eck, Katharine 1919-1921 (eck, Nancy Fisher 1919-1923 (eck. Rachel 1929-1948 (eeler, Elizabeth 1942- (eenan, Hetty B. 1932-1944 (eener, Madolyn 1934- (efer, (Miss) 1892-1893 (eim, Erma 1922-1938 Exc. from 1925 to 1929